2018 New Territories East by-election: Difference between revisions
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The candidate runs under the banner of "Livelihood First" |
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#REDIRECT [[March 2018 Hong Kong by-elections]] |
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{{Infobox election |
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| election_name = New Territories East by-election, 2018 |
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| country = Hong Kong |
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| flag_year = |
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| flag_image = |
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| type = presidential |
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| vote_type = Popular |
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| ongoing = yes |
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| previous_election = Hong Kong legislative election, 2016 |
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| previous_year = 2016 |
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| previous_mps = |
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| election_date = {{Start date|2018|03|11|df=yes}} |
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| elected_mps = |
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| next_election = |
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| next_year = |
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| next_mps = |
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| votes_for_election= |
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| needed_votes = |
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| seats_for_election= |
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| majority_seats = |
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| opinion_polls = |
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| registered = |
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| turnout = |
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| image1 = [[File:Blanksvg.svg|150x110px]] |
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| colour1 = FF0000 |
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| candidate1 = [[Tang Ka-piu]] |
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| party1 = [[Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions|FTU]]/[[Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong|DAB]] |
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| alliance1 = Pro-Beijing camp |
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| popular_vote1 = |
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| percentage1 = |
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| image2 = [[File:Gary Fan 2015 portrait.jpg|150x150px]] |
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| colour2 = |
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| candidate2 = [[Gary Fan]] |
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| party2 = Neo Democrats |
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| alliance2 = Pro-democracy camp |
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| popular_vote2 = |
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| percentage2 = |
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| image3 = [[File:Christine Fong Kwok-shan 2016 (cropped).jpg|150x150px]] |
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| colour3 = DDDDDD |
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| candidate3 = [[Christine Fong]] |
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| party3 = Livelihood First |
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| alliance3 = N/A |
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| popular_vote3 = |
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| percentage3 = |
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| map_image = |
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| map_size = |
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| map_alt = |
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| map = |
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| map_caption = Parties with most votes by each district |
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<!-- bottom --> |
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| title = Legislative Councillor |
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| before_election = [[Sixtus Leung]] ''(disqualified)'' |
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| before_party = Youngspiration |
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| posttitle = |
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| after_election = |
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| after_party = |
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}} |
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The '''2018 New Territories East by-election''' is scheduled on 11 March 2018 after the incumbent [[Youngspiration]] Legislative Councillor [[Sixtus Leung]] of [[New Territories East (constituency)|New Territories East]] disqualified from the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] (LegCo) over the [[Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy|oath-taking controversy]] resulted in the disqualifications of the six pro-democracy legislators. It will be held alongside the [[Hong Kong Island by-election, 2018|Hong Kong Island]], [[Kowloon West by-election, 2018|Kowloon West]] and [[Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape by-election, 2018|Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape]] by-elections.<ref name="March">{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2111224/election-fill-seats-vacated-disqualified-lawmakers-set-march|title=By-election to fill four seats vacated by disqualified Hong Kong lawmakers set for March 11|date=14 September 2017|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref> |
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==Background== |
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{{main|Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy}} |
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[[File:Sixtus Leung.jpg|thumb|125px|[[Sixtus Leung]], the incumbent legislator disqualified by the court over the [[Hong Kong Legislative Council oath-taking controversy|oath-taking controversy]].]] |
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In the [[Hong Kong legislative election, 2016|2016 Legislative Council election]], the [[New Territories East (constituency)|New Territories East]] returned nine members to the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council]] (LegCo). [[Sixtus Leung|Sixtus "Baggio" Leung]], convenor of the [[Hong Kong independence|pro-independence]] [[Youngspiration]] who stood in the New Territories East at the last moment as a backup plan after [[Edward Leung]] of another pro-independence group [[Hong Kong Indigenous]], who received a better-than-expected result in the [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|2016 by-election]], [[Hong Kong LegCo candidates' disqualification controversy|was controversially disqualified]] by the [[Electoral Affairs Commission]] (EAC) over his pro-independence stance. Sixtus Leung won a seat with 37,997 votes, 6.6 per cent of the total vote share. |
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On 12 October 2016 the inaugural meeting of the LegCo, Leung and his party colleague [[Yau Wai-ching]] used the oath-taking ceremony as a platform to protest. They claimed that "as a member of the Legislative Council, I shall pay earnest efforts in keeping guard over the interests of the Hong Kong nation," displayed a "Hong Kong is not China" banner, and mispronounced "People’s Republic of China" as "people’s re-fucking of [[Shina (word)|Chee-na]]".<ref>{{cite news|title=Declaration of war as Hong Kong’s newly elected lawmakers plunge opening session into chaos|date=12 October 2016|newspaper=South China Morning Post|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2027526/declaration-war-hong-kongs-newly-elected-lawmakers-plunge}}</ref> Their oath were invalidated by the clerk and the controversy caused a huge backlash among the Hong Kong public.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hong Kong localist pair set to make U-turn over their Legislative Council oaths|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2028818/hong-kong-localist-pair-set-make-u-turn-over-their|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=17 October 2016}}</ref> [[Chief Executive of Hong Kong|Chief Executive]] [[Leung Chun-ying]] took an unprecedented move by launching a judicial review seeking the disqualification of the duo. |
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On 7 November, the [[National People's Congress Standing Committee]] (NPCSC) controversially interpreted Article 104 of the [[Basic Law of Hong Kong]] to "clarify" the requirements that the legislators need to swear allegiance to Hong Kong as part of China when they take office, stating that "who intentionally reads out words which do not accord with the wording of the oath prescribed by law, or takes the oath in a manner which is not sincere or not solemn" should be barred from taking their public office and cannot retake the oath. As a consequence, the [[High Court of Hong Kong|High Court]] disqualified Sixtus Leung and Yau Wai-ching on 15 November.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2046162/hong-kong-court-rules-localist-lawmakers-must-vacate-legco|title=Hong Kong court rules localist lawmakers must vacate Legco seats|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=15 November 2016}}</ref> |
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The two seats left vacant as the duo launched appeal bid. On 25 August 2017, the [[Court of Final Appeal of Hong Kong|Court of Final Appeal]] rejected a final bid by Sixtus Leung and Yau Wai-ching.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Ousted Hong Kong lawmakers Baggio Leung and Yau Wai-ching lose final bid to reinstate seats|date=25 August 2017|newspaper=South China Morning Post|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2108243/ousted-hong-kong-lawmakers-baggio-leung-and-yau-wai-ching}}</ref> On 14 September, the government announced the date of the by-election on 11 March, same day as the [[Kowloon West by-election, 2018|Kowloon West]] vacated after the disqualification of Yau Wai-ching and the [[Hong Kong Island by-election, 2018|Hong Kong Island]] and [[Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape by-election, 2018|Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape]] by-elections.<ref name="March"/> Nevertheless, the by-elections of the another seat in Kowloon West and New Territories East after the disqualification of [[Lau Siu-lai]] and [[Leung Kwok-hung]] will not be held as the duo are seeking for appeal. |
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==Candidates== |
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[[Tang Ka-piu]], [[Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions]] (FTU) member, former [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council]] member for [[Labour (constituency)|Labour]] [[functional constituency (Hong Kong)|functional constituency]] and [[Hong Kong legislative election, 2016|2016 Legislative Council candidate]] for New Territories East, has joined the [[Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong]] (DAB) to represent the [[pro-Beijing camp]] under the DAB/FTU banner in the election.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/107644/%E5%B7%A5%E8%81%AF%E6%9C%83%E9%84%A7%E5%AE%B6%E5%BD%AA-%E5%85%A5%E7%B1%8D-%E6%B0%91%E5%BB%BA%E8%81%AF-%E6%93%AC%E7%B5%B1%E5%90%88%E5%BB%BA%E5%88%B6%E7%A5%A8%E6%BA%90%E6%88%B0%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%B1%E8%A3%9C%E9%81%B8|title= |
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工聯會鄧家彪「入籍」民建聯 擬統合建制票源戰新東補選|date=2017-07-26|work=HK01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=補選前瞻：新東泛民本土大混戰 有利鄧家彪|url=http://hk.on.cc/hk/bkn/cnt/news/20170913/bkn-20170913131402144-0913_00822_001.html|newspaper=東方日報|date=2017-09-13}}</ref> |
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[[Gary Fan Kwok-wai]], member of [[Neo Democrats]] and former Legislative Councillor from 2012 until he lost his 2016 re-election, stood in the pro-democracy primary against [[Kwok Wing-kin]], chairman of the [[Labour Party (Hong Kong)|Labour Party]] and former [[Tai Po District Council]]lor, and [[Tommy Cheung Sau-yin]], former spokesman of [[Scholarism]], president of the Student Union of the [[Chinese University of Hong Kong]] and Standing Committee member of the [[Hong Kong Federation of Students]]. He emerged as the pro-democracy representative after winning the primary in January 2018. Kwok Wing-kin was supported by the [[Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]] and the [[Demosistō]] in the primary, while Tommy Cheung claimed to have received endorsement from the localists including the disqualified Sixtus Leung.<ref>{{cite news|title=【立會補選】泛民初選 民主黨支持郭永健：為人真誠老實|url=https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/realtime/article/20171208/57557555|date=2017-12-08|newspaper=蘋果日報}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hk01.com/%E6%B8%AF%E8%81%9E/140048/-%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83%E8%A3%9C%E9%81%B8-%E6%B3%9B%E6%B0%91%E5%88%9D%E9%81%B8%E8%AB%96%E5%A3%87%E5%89%8D%E5%A4%95-%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%9C%BE%E5%BF%97%E8%A1%A8%E6%85%8B%E6%92%90%E5%A7%9A%E6%9D%BE%E7%82%8E%E9%83%AD%E6%B0%B8%E5%81%A5|title= |
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【立會補選】泛民初選論壇前夕 香港眾志表態撐姚松炎郭永健|date=2017-12-09|work=HK01}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=【民主派初選】游蕙禎拒做死亡之吻 向前乳鴿仔摸底食檸檬？|url=https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/realtime/article/20171203/57533486|date=2017-12-03|newspaper=蘋果日報}}</ref><ref name="Cheng"/> Both vowed to support Fan after their defeat in the primary. |
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James Chan Kwok-keung, a [[Sha Tin District Council]]lor whose [[Hong Kong LegCo candidates' disqualification controversy|candidacy was disqualified]] in the 2016 Legislative Council election also announced his candidacy but did not join the pro-democracy primary.<ref>{{cite news|title=【立會補選】撐港獨區議員另行「去馬」宣佈參加新東補選|url=https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/realtime/article/20171205/57543882|newspaper=蘋果日報|date=2017-12-05}}</ref> Chan who was one of the candidates whose nominations were deemed invalid by the Electoral Affairs Commission in the 2016 general election was again disqualified by the returning officer Amy Chan Yuen-man on the grounds that he advocated Hong Kong independence.<ref>{{cite news|title=Britain and Canada weigh in on Hong Kong activist Agnes Chow’s by-election disqualification as third candidate barred|date=1 February 2018|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2131630/britain-and-canada-weigh-hong-kong-activist-agnes-chows|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref> |
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Ventus Lau Wing-hong, spokesman of the localist [[Community Network Union]] and convenor of the [[Shatin Community Network]], also announced his candidacy, claiming that he has also gotten the endorsement from Sixtus Leung.<ref>{{cite news|title=Localist throws hat into ring for Hong Kong by-election – but has press conference venue cancelled on him at last minute|date=30 December 2017|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2126262/localist-throws-hat-ring-hong-kong-election-has-press|newspaper=South China Morning Post}}</ref> He ran as an independent localist. His candidacy was also disqualified on the basis of his previous support for the idea of Hong Kong independence, even though Lau had earlier made a declaration suggesting he no longer supported the idea.<ref>{{cite news|title=Second Hong Kong opposition candidate banned from running in Legislative Council by-election|date=31 January 2018|newspaper=South China Morning Post|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2131455/second-hong-kong-opposition-candidate-banned-running}}</ref> |
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Estella Chan Yuk-ngor, a pro-Beijing activist who stood in 2016 has submitted her candidacy.<ref>{{cite news|title=陳玉娥重出江湖 報名出戰新東補選|url=https://thestandnews.com/politics/%E9%99%B3%E7%8E%89%E5%A8%A5%E9%87%8D%E5%87%BA%E6%B1%9F%E6%B9%96-%E5%87%BA%E6%88%B0%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%B1%E8%A3%9C%E9%81%B8/|work=立場新聞|date=2018-01-16}}</ref> |
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[[Christine Fong Kwok-shan]], a [[Sai Kung District Council]]lor and [[New Territories East by-election, 2016|2016 by-election]] and general election candidate, ran under the banner of "Livelihood First".<ref>{{cite web|title=2018 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL BY-ELECTION NOMINATIONS FOR NEW TERRITORIES EAST GEOGRAPHICAL CONSTITUENCY (NOMINATION PERIOD: 16-29 JANUARY 2018)|work=Electoral Affairs Commission|url=http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2018by/pdf/LC5_e.html?time=0.41209960239843313}}</ref> |
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Joyce Chiu Pui-yuk, member of the Family School SODO (Sexual Orientation Discrimination Ordinance) Concern Group, also ran in the election.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://thestandnews.com/politics/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8%E5%90%8C%E6%84%8F%E7%94%B1%E8%A2%81%E6%B5%B7%E6%96%87%E4%BB%BB%E5%A7%9A%E6%9D%BE%E7%82%8E%E7%9A%84%E5%BE%8C%E5%82%99%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88-%E4%B8%8B%E5%91%A8%E4%B8%80%E5%A0%B1%E5%90%8D/|title=民主黨同意由袁海文任姚松炎的後備方案 下周一報名|date=2018-01-25|work=立場新聞}}</ref> |
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Other individuals who expressed interest but did not stand included [[Andrew Cheng Kar-foo]], former Democratic Party member and Legislative Council member and Au chun-wah, a Democrat [[Tai Po District Council]]lor.<ref name="Cheng">{{cite news|title=鄭家富棄戰新東補選 非建制三人競爭 范國威或佔優|work=蘋果日報|date=2017-11-07|url=https://hk.news.appledaily.com/local/daily/article/20171107/20206752}}</ref> |
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==Pro-democracy primary== |
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[[File:香港民主派公佈立法會補選初選安排5.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Three candidates of the pro-democracy primary, [[Kwok Wing-kin]], [[Tommy Cheung Sau-yin|Tommy Cheung]] and [[Gary Fan]].]] |
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The [[Power for Democracy]] which was responsible for co-ordinating the pro-democracy candidates in elections held a primary between Gary Fan, Tommy Cheung and Kwok Wing-kin from December 2017 to January 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.hk01.com/%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E/129661/-%E7%AB%8B%E6%9C%83%E8%A3%9C%E9%81%B8-%E9%A6%96%E8%A8%ADPlan-B%E6%A9%9F%E5%88%B6%E7%A2%BA%E4%BF%9D%E5%85%A5%E9%96%98-%E6%B3%9B%E6%B0%9112%E6%9C%88%E8%BE%A6%E5%88%9D%E9%81%B8%E6%B1%B0%E5%BC%B1%E7%95%99%E5%BC%B7|title=【立會補選】首設Plan B機制確保入閘 泛民12月辦初選汰弱留強|work=HK01|date=2017-10-31}}</ref> |
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The primary was conducted in three parts: telephone polls, a generic ballot vote on 14 January 2018 and voting by parties and civil groups that participated in the primary. The first two parts counted for 45 per cent each, and the last part counted for 10 per cent in the final result.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pro-democracy camp primary for legislative by-elections to be conducted via polls, general ballot vote|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2017/12/05/pro-democracy-camp-primary-legislative-elections-conducted-via-polls-general-ballot-vote/|date=5 December 2017|work=Hong Kong Free Press}}</ref> |
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On 8 January 2018, Tommy Cheung was reportedly assaulted in Tai Wai by two men that left him hospitalised. He said that he was punched, kicked and attacked with an umbrella.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pro-democracy election hopeful Tommy Cheung says he was punched, kicked and attacked with umbrella|url=https://www.hongkongfp.com/2018/01/09/pro-democracy-election-hopeful-tommy-cheung-says-punched-kicked-attacked-umbrella/|date=9 January 2018|newspaper=Hong Kong Free Press}}</ref> |
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More than 26,000 registered voters cast their ballots in the 14 January primary, 13,699 of which turned out for at five polling stations in New Territories East.<ref>{{cite news|title=More than 26,000 voters turn out for Hong Kong pro-democracy camp primary to choose candidates for Legco by-elections|url=http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/2128188/more-10300-hong-kong-voters-primary-pro-democracy-camp#comments|newspaper=South China Morning Post|date=14 January 2018}}</ref> Gary Fan received the most votes in the generic votes as well as the overall scores in the primary, becoming the pro-democracy representative in the by-election. |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |
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! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Party || rowspan=2 | Candidate || colspan=3 | Telephone polls || colspan=3 | Generic ballots || colspan=3 | Group votes || rowspan=2| Total<br>scores |
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|- |
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! Results || % || Scores || Results || % || Scores || Results || % || Scores |
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{{Party colour|Neo Democrats}} |
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| align=left| {{nowrap|[[Neo Democrats]]}} |
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| align=left| [[Gary Fan Kwok-wai]] || '''923''' || '''60.92''' || '''27.40''' || '''8,089''' || '''59.45''' || '''26.75''' || 34 || 29.57 || 2.96 || '''57.11''' |
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|- |
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{{Party name with colour|Labour Party (Hong Kong)}} |
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| align=left| [[Kwok Wing-kin]] || 287 || 18.94 || 8.53 || 3,058 || 22.47 || 10.11 || '''56''' || '''48.70''' || '''4.87''' || 23.51 |
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|- |
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{{Party name with colour|Independent (politician)}} |
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| align=left| {{nowrap|[[Tommy Cheung Sau-yin]]}} || 305 || 20.13 || 9.06 || 2,460 || 18.08 || 8.14 || 25 || 21.74 || 2.17 || 19.37 |
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|- |
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| colspan=3| '''Rejected''' || 241 || || || 92 || || || 0 || || || |
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|- |
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| colspan=3| '''Total''' || 1,756 || 100 || 45 || 13,699 || 100 || 45 || 115 || 100 || 10 || 100 |
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|} |
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==Opinion polling== |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;line-height:14px" |
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|- |
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!! style="width:75px;"| Date(s)<br/>conducted!! style="width:180px;"|Polling organisation/client!! class="unsortable" style="width:75px;"| Sample size!! class="unsortable" style="background:{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}; width:60px;"| [[Christine Fong|<span style="color:black;">Fong]]</span> !! class="unsortable" style="background:{{Neo Democrats/meta/color}}; width:60px;"| [[Gary Fan|<span style="color:Black;">Fan</span>]]!! class="unsortable" style="background:{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}; width:60px;"| J Chan !! class="unsortable" style="background:{{HKFTU/meta/color}}; width:60px;"| [[Tang Ka-piu|<span style="color:White;">Tang</span>]]!! class="unsortable" style="background:{{Labour Party (Hong Kong)/meta/color}}; width:60px;"| [[Kwok Wing-kin|<span style="color:White;">Kwok</span>]] !! class="unsortable" style="background:{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}; width:60px;"| [[Tommy Cheung Sau-yin|<span style="color:black;">Cheung]]</span> !! class="unsortable" style="background:gray; width:60px;"| <span style="color:White;">Others</span> !! class="unsortable" style="background:gray; width:60px;"| <span style="color:White;">None of above/<br>Undecided</span> !! class="unsortable" style="width:85px;"| Lead |
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|- |
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| 20 Dec–6 Jan || [http://rahk.org/research/1558/1558chart.pdf HKRA] || 2,503 || 11% || 17% || 1% || style="background:#ff9a9a"| '''18%''' || 12% || 14% || 6% || 21% || style="background:{{HKFTU/meta/color}}; color:white;"| 1% <small>over Fan</small> |
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|- |
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|} |
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<!--==Result== |
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{{Election box begin | title=New Territories East by-election 2018}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link| |
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|party = Independent (politician) |
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|candidate = Estella Chan Yuet-ngor |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link| |
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|party = Nonpartisan |
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|candidate = Joyce Chiu Pui-yuk |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link| |
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|party = Neo Democrats |
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|candidate = [[Gary Fan Kwok-wai]] |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate| |
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|party = Livelihood First |
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|candidate = [[Christine Fong Kwok-shan]] |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate for alliance| |
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|party = Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions |
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|side = Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong |
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|candidate = [[Tang Ka-piu]] |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box candidate with party link| |
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|party = Nonpartisan |
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|candidate = [[Wong Sing-chi]] |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box majority |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box total valid |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box rejected| |
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|votes = |
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|percentage = |
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|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box turnout| |
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|votes = |
|||
|percentage = |
|||
|change = |
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}} |
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{{Election box Registered electors |
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|reg. electors = |
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}} |
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{{Election box gain with party link| |
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|winner = |
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|loser = Youngspiration |
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|swing = |
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}} |
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{{Election box end}}--> |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of Hong Kong by-elections]] |
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* [[New Territories East by-election, 2016]] |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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{{By-elections to the HK Legco}} |
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[[Category:2018 in Hong Kong]] |
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[[Category:2018 elections in China]] |
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[[Category:By-elections in Hong Kong|2018]] |
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[[Category:March 2018 events in Asia]] |
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Latest revision as of 12:57, 29 June 2019
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