Talk:Race and intelligence: Difference between revisions
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| url2 = http://edition.cnn.com/2013/07/24/tech/web/controversial-wikipedia-pages/index.html |
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| date2 = July 24, 2013 |
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| quote2 = "Circumcision and |
| quote2 = "Circumcision and 'race and intelligence', both with obvious controversy attached, made the list, alongside a possibly more surprising page: a list of professional wrestlers on the roster of World Wrestling Entertainment." |
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| archiveurl3 = https://web.archive.org/web/20180312150230/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/03/12/wikipedia-wars-inside-fight-against-far-right-editors-vandals-and-sock-puppets |
| archiveurl3 = https://web.archive.org/web/20180312150230/https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/03/12/wikipedia-wars-inside-fight-against-far-right-editors-vandals-and-sock-puppets |
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| archivedate3 = March 12, 2018 |
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| quote3 = "In the article on |
| quote3 = "In the article on 'race and intelligence', relatively equal weight is given to the two sides of the debate — hereditarian and environmentalist — though environmentalism is the mainstream perspective in psychology." |
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|author4 = Shuichi Tezuka |
|author4 = Shuichi Tezuka |
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== |
== Piffer (2015) == |
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Piffer (2015) found differing frequencies of cognition and IQ-enhancing genes in different racial populations: |
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{{archive top|An individual writing under the name "Shuichi Tezuka", who purports to be a scholar and doesn't love Wikipedia, published an obloquy about this article in ''Quillette''. In this discussion, the Wikipedia community considers whether Tezuka's hatchet job belongs in the {{tl|Press}} template on this article's talk page.{{pb}}Those in favour argue that {{tl|Press}} just means the article's been mentioned in the press. It doesn't mean the press are talking sense, and indeed the press often don't. Editors taking this view also argue that adding the press template helps people find where Wikipedia is mentioned in outside sources.{{pb}}Those against argue that to call ''Quillette'', which is an Australian right-wing online magazine, a "press outlet" is quite the stretch. According to this view we shouldn't be drawing attention to this kind of pseudoscientific bulldung from an organization that self-acknowledges as hereditarian. It's also alleged that the person writing as Shuichi Tezuka is a community-banned racist LTA.{{pb}}Talk pages are unindexed and don't draw attention to sites mentioned on them, so I give that part of the "against" argument somewhat less weight, but still, my assessment is that both sides are right. Quillette's article is relevant and slightly amusing, and there should be a pointer to it from this talk page, but we don't need to dignify Tezuka's little rant about Wikipedia's oppressive woke orthodoxy by putting it alongside pieces by the BBC and CNN. Editors are at liberty to remove it from {{tl|Press}} and pop it in somewhere else near the top of the page, perhaps wrapped in {{tl|small}}, and perhaps adding whatever context is appropriate, at editorial discretion.{{pb}}I hope this helps, and I hope it fully resolves the dispute. Questions, comments, criticism, and complaints about this close are welcome and should be directed to my talk page.—[[User:S Marshall|<b style="font-family: Verdana; color: Maroon;">S Marshall</b>]] <small>[[User talk:S Marshall|T]]/[[Special:Contributions/S Marshall|C]]</small> 18:30, 10 February 2024 (UTC)|BOTH SIDES ARE RIGHT}} |
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https://gwern.net/doc/iq/2015-piffer.pdf |
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I reverted the good-faith edit that added a quote from ''Quillette'' to the section "This article has been mentioned by multiple media organizations" at the top of the talk-page. Note that ''Quillette'' is listed at RSP as generally unreliable. Not surprisingly, part of the quote is untrue -- the part claiming that RS were replaced by newspaper articles. However, it's reasonable to criticize citations of media sources that should be looked at and possibly removed. I removed a citation to a piece in ''Vox'', and other ac editors are of course welcome to remove other inappropriate uses of media sources if you find any. [[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] ([[User talk:NightHeron|talk]]) 18:53, 11 December 2023 (UTC) |
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[[User:Wiki Crazyman|Wiki Crazyman]] ([[User talk:Wiki Crazyman|talk]]) 23:39, 13 May 2024 (UTC) |
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:@[[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]], I added it and I disagree with your removal. The {{tl|Press}} template is a talk-page thing, it says nothing more than "This coverage exists." [[WP:RS]] does not apply (not that you said it did). That an opinion piece writes what it writes is not a reason to exclude. There is no demand that {{tl|Press}} stuff are "right" or "WP-nice." My view is that ''[[Quillette]]'' is "press/media organization" and fits the talkpage template hand-in-glove. If it helps as a compromise, we can have the template without a quote. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 19:02, 11 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:See [[Intelligence (journal)]] for some well-sourced commentary on the merits of that particular publication. [[User:AndyTheGrump|AndyTheGrump]] ([[User talk:AndyTheGrump|talk]]) 23:53, 13 May 2024 (UTC) |
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::Yes, I agree to that compromise. The problem with giving the quote is that there is no place there for any commentary or refutation of something that is factually incorrect. But your suggested compromise avoids that problem. Thanks. [[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] ([[User talk:NightHeron|talk]]) 20:04, 11 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::The criticism appears to be sourced to a journalistic piece in a progressive political magazine and another in a pop-sci magazine. 'Well-sourced commentary' such as this doesn't weigh heavily when it comes to a highly-regarded, peer-reviewed scientific journal. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 01:42, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::Well, you can always start a discussion like "''[[Quillette]]'' says there are [[WP:BLOGS]] used as sources in this WP-article, are they correct and if so, should we do anything about it?" [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 21:10, 11 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:::'Highly regarded' went out the window when they had white supremacists on the editorial board. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 01:51, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::The ''Quillette'' piece appears to have been authored by a person who was banned from Wikipedia for his obsessive, relentless promotion of white racial superiority. While his views may make him a median contributor to ''Quillette'', they were a poor fit for Wikipedia. It seems a bit dishonest of him not to disclose this history in the ''Quillette'' piece (or maybe he did and I missed it—the article was quite long and unfocused).{{pb}}This person wasted literally thousands of hours of constructive volunteer time pushing racist nonsense. So I guess the argument against including the piece in our header is that it's a continuation of his obsessive litigation by other means, and we shouldn't play along. In fact, its inclusion directly undermines the "DON'T FEED THE TROLLS!" banner at the top of the talk page. And his endorsement of Justapedia is pretty telling. But in the end... whatever. '''[[User:MastCell|MastCell]]''' <sup>[[User Talk:MastCell|Talk]]</sup> 18:43, 13 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::Even the two critical sources stated describe it as 'one of the most respected in its field' and 'a more respected psychology journal'. |
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:::::Do we editorialize like this with similar sections in general? I don’t think we should. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 19:17, 13 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::If any experts in the field of intelligence research have made a case against the journal's reputation, then its reliability could be questioned. As it is we have mixed criticism from two journalists of a well regarded peer-reviewed publication. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 02:11, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::When I add (or expand) these templates on talkpages, my habit is to add something on-topic from the media in the |quote= parameter, if that's what you meant. Not if none of the previous items had quotes, but that wasn't the case here. Editorializing? Well, ''I'' picked the quote from what was available, so if you like. |
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:::::Nah. We can discard a source without needing to meet your personal standard, which doesn't have any relation to Wikipedia's policies so far as I can tell. It is worth mentioning, though, that the [[SPLC]] (noted experts on racism) [https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/03/12/wikipedia-wars-inside-fight-against-far-right-editors-vandals-and-sock-puppets published an article] that spends multiple paragraphs on this specific paper and how it shouldn't be used as a source. A sample quote: {{Tq|Piffer’s credentials, affiliations and the scientific merit of the paper itself are suspect}} - [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 02:54, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::My general opinion is that this is an interesting template to have on talkpages when content is available, and if it contains stuff I disagree with that is fine (that is the nature of "media") and sometimes it even adds a bit of interest. It has some potential value for editors to know what kind of coverage is out there, and the stuff in them may inspire good edits, warn of something (and explain a recent view-spike) or make someone think "Cool, CNN noticed the article I was working on" or "Wow, that pseudonymous writer ''really'' feels neglected about their previous ''Quillette'' article." |
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::::::Based on which Wiki policy are you discarding it as a source? It's used several times in articles related to intelligence research. |
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::::::Fwiw, had I found the BBC, CNN and SP articles first I would have added those here too. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 19:49, 14 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::::Not than an advocacy organization's opinion really is of note when it comes to population genetics, I do note that these several SPLC paragraphs go into no more detail than to state that scientific merit of the paper itself are suspect (no reasons for this assessment or counterarguments given, at all), to question the author's credibility and to state that there are no reliable sources to dispute it. Which adds up to nothing in particular from an organisation with absolutely no standing in scientific matters. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 03:38, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::Correction, I wouldn't have added the BBC, that article doesn't mention this article. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 19:55, 14 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::::If this Piffer article is used several times, please point those usages out specifically because those definitely need to be removed. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 04:10, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::As per my original comment and your response to it, I'm referring to the journal ''Intelligence''. Which seems to have somehow achieved the status of a 'pick-and-choose' source. |
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:Quillette is a fervent promoter of race pseudoscience and is, [https://areomagazine.com/2023/05/05/claire-lehmann-riding-out-the-media-storm/ by admission of founding editor Claire Lehmann an hereditarian publication]. [[User:Nancygerette|Nancygerette]] ([[User talk:Nancygerette|talk]]) 18:02, 27 January 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::The argument against mention of the Piffer paper, whether it's flawed research or not, requires something more than commentary from a civil rights organisation. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 04:30, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::Yeah, we know. Gråbergs Gråa Sång's position appears to be that we should be including all media coverage of the topic, regardless of quality. Like MastCell and Doug Weller, I find that argument problematic, since we do need to draw the line somewhere. There is after all no shortage of butt-hurt Nazis complaining about this topic online, some of them in the pages of "magazines" like ''Quillette''. Given the likelihood that the author of this piece is one of a handful of banned long-term abusers, providing them with a permanent perch on our talk page header seems counterproductive. Unless someone can provide a policy-based rationale for inclusion, I'm seeing a rough consensus here to remove. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 00:52, 29 January 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::Contrary to what you might imagine, we rely on editor judgement for evaluating source reliability all the time, and Piffer is definitely a fringe source per our guideline. This would be ascertainable even without explicit debunking in a scholarly source. Some pseudo-scholars are too insignificant to draw that kind of attention. That said, [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375636242_Confronting_Scientific_Racism_in_Psychology_Lessons_from_Evolutionary_Biology_and_Genetics here is a fine peer-reviewed source] that explains in no uncertain terms what is so profoundly unscientific about Piffer's methodology. No matter how you squirm, you will get nowhere with this line of argumentation. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 06:38, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::There's no "policy-based rationale" for the bizarre claim that the {{tl|press}} template is "providing a permanent perch". Perhaps you are mistakenly referring to a different template, {{tl|Permanent perch for media coverage that not only exists but is true and correct about everything and we agree with it and we think the author is not only correct in their claims but also a good person}}? The documentation of the press template is itself pretty clear (not to mention based on an actual consensus that isn't just three people saying they think a website suxxxxx). <b style="font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8">[[User:JPxG|<b style="color:#029D74">jp</b>]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|<b style="color: #029D74">g</b>]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]</b> 04:39, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::A preprint is not a fine peer-reviewed anything. |
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:::I think it’s helpful to see that an article has received media attention; the template shouldn’t be treated as an endorsement. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 04:49, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::Our guideline places Piffer as a fringe source based on his conclusions, or is it his associations? |
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::::I cannot imagine ''why'' it would be helpful. I doubt anyone who comes to this talk page and navigates to a collapsed media mention template would be surprised to learn that such nonsense exists somewhere out there on the Internet. This particular Quillette article doesn't seem special as an example. So who, exactly, is helped by linking to it? Linking to the article does editorially indicate that it is worth someone's attention to actually click on the link and read it. Otherwise, what even would the point be? In that sense, a link is form of endorsement, regardless of whether or not we agree with its specific contents. [[User:Grayfell|Grayfell]] ([[User talk:Grayfell|talk]]) 05:56, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::I'm aware that a past RFC prematurely declared the suggestion that genetics plays a role in population group IQ differences to be 'fringe' rather than merely minority. As RFCs aren't binding and consensus can change at any time, hopefully this will be rectified at some point. Though a consensus against it is emerging, the idea hasn't been conclusively refuted and research is ongoing. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 08:10, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::In what sense, the sense where cats have fins? |
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::::::::::The author of that paper is Kevin Bird. Kevin Bird also said: "The past isn't an indication of how the future behaves...I do science because I find it intellectually engaging, to be completely honest...I do it with not as much interest in attaining or discovering truth." He then said that he is "not interested in discovering truth". It is completely impossible to take a person like that seriously. And that paper's not peer reviewed. [[User:Oort1|Hi!]] ([[User talk:Oort1|talk]]) 05:38, 29 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::Yes, it's worth someone's attention to see what people are saying about us on another website, regardless of whether we agree with it or we think they are a good person. It's especially relevant if a bunch of people start coming here from the other website, in which case we can see what information they've been given before hand. If you really, genuinely think that acknowledging the existence of something is an endorsement (rather than just making this argument out of personal distaste for the website in question), I will wait here while you go open AfDs for "[[murder]]", "[[indigestion]]", "[[tax fraud]]" and "[[Ku Klux Klan]]", or remove all mention of the subjects from their talk pages, et cetera, and we can see how that shakes out. <b style="font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8">[[User:JPxG|<b style="color:#029D74">jp</b>]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|<b style="color: #029D74">g</b>]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]</b> 02:03, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::[https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Famp0001228 Bird et al.] has now been published by ''[[American Psychologist]]'', the flagship journal of the [[American Psychological Association]]. It is no longer a preprint. As to your gotcha quote about "truth"... [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Aaymp0ZRpc Dr. Tyree's philosophy class is right down the hall.] [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 05:57, 29 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::Arguing with this level of disrespect and incivility is 1) disrespectful and uncivil (wow!), and 2) never going to convince anyone. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 02:36, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::Thanks for the updated cite. But an Indiana Jones meme? What am I supposed to take away from that? [[User:Oort1|Hi!]] ([[User talk:Oort1|talk]]) 06:24, 29 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::If attempts to explain something diplomatically are ignored, there is little alternative but to phrase it directly. The {{tl|press}} template does not require that sources are reliable. There's no basis for the claim that it does. This has been litigated again and again and again; outside of truly egregious situations like harassment sites that dox editors, it has been repeatedly determined that there's no benefit to policing talk page header press mention templates. The documentation for the template, which was determined after an attempt to gain broad consensus over a period of months, confirms this. Our policies confirm this. If you know of a way of explaining this that is less offensive, let me know. <b style="font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8">[[User:JPxG|<b style="color:#029D74">jp</b>]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|<b style="color: #029D74">g</b>]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]</b> 04:59, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::::That your attempt to smear Bird is thoroughly unconvincing. Also see [[Wikipedia:Verifiability, not truth]]. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 12:20, 29 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::To me it's helpful for the same reason that any media alert is helpful. On Wikipedia, we cite all sorts of primary and secondary sources that most editors certainly have no interest in endorsing. That's the nature of the encyclopedia; we get all the information. That spirit extends to the talk page. If an article's reception of media attention is significant (and there is apparent consensus that it is, since this template exists and is in wide use across the project), then this instance of media attention ought to be included. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 02:41, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::The SPLC aren't experts on genetics, and they don't cite any scientific publications in their article to critique Piffer. The closest they come is citing a non-peer-reviewed book review of a book Piffer didn't write. [[User:Oort1|Hi!]] ([[User talk:Oort1|talk]]) 05:40, 29 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::Zanahary, thanks for demonstrating that reasonable minds can disagree respectfully on this matter. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 16:39, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::The SPLC may be experts on racism, but is there any evidence that they're experts on science? [[User:Wiki Crazyman|Wiki Crazyman]] ([[User talk:Wiki Crazyman|talk]]) 23:21, 25 August 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::When making changes like [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Race_and_intelligence&diff=prev&oldid=1200197128] it would be useful to consider not just whether local consensus can support such a change, but also whether it's the type of change that will likely cause a public embarrassment for Wikipedia. In the past year, Wikipedia's coverage of everything related to human intelligence has become a laughingstock among professional psychologists and also on social media. The removal of the link to the Quillette article is exactly the type of change that probably would produce such mockery. In fact, the Quillette article has a section about unjustified removals from Wikipedia articles related to intelligence. When that is part of its subject matter, how could anyone be unaware of how absurd it looks to ''un-ironically remove the Quillette article itself''? |
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:::::::Correctly identifying racist pseudoscience is part of their expertise, yes. It's not like they're commenting on an article about astronomy. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 23:43, 25 August 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::{{ping|JPxG|Zanahary}} if you've read the two Quillette articles from last December and from July 2022, you'll possibly have some understanding how how things turned out this way, and my comment [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Case&diff=prev&oldid=1147266767 here] described another similar incident. I'm mentioning the background just in case some of the uninvolved editors showing up in this discussion care enough to address the broader issues that cause incidents like this current one. But I won't hold it against you if you'd rather just acknowledge the problem and then move on to other things, which is what ArbCom usually has done when these situations are brought to them. [[User:Tickle me|tickle]] [[User_talk:Tickle me|me]] 12:15, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::Pseudoscience is that which does not employ the scientific method. Neither the SPLC nor Bird have made such an extreme claim about the Piffer paper. Bird may have the expertise to critique the methodology employed, but anything of the sort is well beyond the SPLC's realm of expertise. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 14:42, 9 September 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::::The right wing in the U.S. frequently attacks and ridicules Wikipedia, and I don't see why this should cause us to be upset and change the way Wikipedia does things. If the right wing did ''not'' attack Wikipedia, we'd have reason to worry. Over the years the U.S. far right has increasingly been promoting fringe POVs, including white supremacist views of intelligence. Treating such views as fringe and sources that promote them as unreliable was '''not''' the result of "local" consensus, but rather was the conclusion of two widely-publicized RFCs within the last four years. [[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] ([[User talk:NightHeron|talk]]) 12:33, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:Please also read [[OpenPsych]] concerning the journal co-founded by Davide Piffer. [[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] ([[User talk:NightHeron|talk]]) 23:57, 13 May 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::::+ 1 to this. Becoming impervious to PROFRINGE media is precisely how Wikipedia has ''increased'' its reputation for reliability among both subject-matter experts and the general public, and how it maintains its status as [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/rule-ambiguity-institutional-clashes-and-population-loss-how-wikipedia-became-the-last-good-place-on-the-internet/FC3F7B9CBF951DD30C2648E7DEFB65EE the Last Good Place on the Internet]. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 16:39, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::: (reply to Grayfell) I'll quote my view from earlier in this thread: ''"It has some potential value for editors to know what kind of coverage is out there, and the stuff in them may inspire good edits, warn of something (and explain a recent view-spike) or make someone think "Cool, CNN noticed the article I was working on" or "Wow, that pseudonymous writer really feels neglected about their previous Quillette article.""'' [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 18:06, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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I have literally no idea what you guys are talking about. What do you think is the point of the {{tl|press}} template? It's not an endorsement of the things that get linked in it. The main purpose is to indicate -- ''to us editors'' -- when our editorial processes and discussions have been the subject of attention by the media. It is to indicate, to the editors of the encyclopedia who comment on talk pages, if there is some high-traffic website that mentions the talk page, which is likely to be the origin of many people reading it and coming here to leave comments about it. Why are you acting like it's some kind of trophy that we should take away from people to punish them? It makes no sense. <b style="font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8">[[User:JPxG|<b style="color:#029D74">jp</b>]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|<b style="color: #029D74">g</b>]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]</b> 04:34, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:Much of the press we are getting in recent years is treating [[Larry Sanger]] as some kind of topic expert, or treating vandalised bio articles as major topics, regardless of how fast they were corrected. It is not a trophy, nor a badge of honor when the press turns its attention to Wikipedia. [[User:Dimadick|Dimadick]] ([[User talk:Dimadick|talk]]) 14:41, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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== Notification about [[Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Ashkenazi_Jewish_intelligence_(3rd_nomination)]] == |
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Press on this article exists. Existence ought to be sufficient to list an item with the {{tl|press}} template. But no. [[WP:NONAZIS]]! This episode is some amazing meta-level commentary on the ideological corruption rampant in these parts of Wikipedia. [[User:Jweiss11|Jweiss11]] ([[User talk:Jweiss11|talk]]) 07:16, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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I posted already on [[WP:FTN]], but would like more eyes on the discussion to provide more perspectives. |
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:Of course! What we needed all along was some ''ideologically pure'' editors to come along and waggle their fingers about how NONAZIS is corrupting the youth. |
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: |
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:But seriously, y'all linking {{tl|press}} seem to have missed the paragraph where it explicitly urges us to '''{{tq|Use common sense}}''' when assessing inclusion. Sure, the normal rules for reliability do not ''necessarily'' apply, but this is far from a blanket call for the indiscriminate inclusion of any and all coverage. You may reasonably disagree with where MastCell, Doug Weller and I draw the line –– that linking an article by someone we've almost certainly banned from Wikipedia for disrupting this topic area goes against common sense –– but please don't pretend that our views are somehow beyond the pale, or that our arguments are of the "this suxxx" variety. The arguments we've presented are only compounded by the low editorial standard of ''Quillette''; I see only one (very inexperienced) user arguing for exclusion solely on that basis. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 23:57, 1 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::To this I'll just add [[WP:PROFRINGE]] as another decidedly common-sense reason for exclusion that goes well beyond mere reliability. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 17:06, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::That is a view. Mine is that as '''Unwarranted promotion of fringe theories''' goes, it's very weak such (and fwiw, not why I added it). And that guideline, like [[WP:RS]], is about article content. Basically, we are in '''[[Wikipedia:Arguments_to_avoid_on_discussion_pages#Personal_taste|personal taste]]''' territory (and that was an ''essay'' I just linked). Removal of "annoying" media/opinion like this from <nowiki>{{</nowiki>[[Template:Press|press]]<nowiki>}}</nowiki> appears to me like [[bowdlerization]]. ''[[Quillette]]'' is also media. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 22:15, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::I'm glad that we're able to disagree in a civil manner on these points. You and I really do have different ideas about what '''{{tq|Use common sense}}''' entails in this instance, and that's fine. Frankly the only thing I find "annoying" is the mischaracterizations and uncivil behavior of some of our colleagues here. But that too is no big deal. Perhaps additional voices will care to weigh in and a consensus for inclusion will become clear. Otherwise, [[WP:ONUS]] will prevail and the link will go. Either way the encyclopedia will be served if we remain committed to civility, as you've done. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 22:57, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::WP:ONUS and the policy of which it is part is also about mainspace. What we can get here is [[WP:CONSENSUS]], like in a discussion about which of 2 relatively equal pics should be used as leadimage. If the discussion dies down a bit, shall we ask for closure at [[WP:RFCL]]? [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 23:20, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::Look, I'm not going to edit war over it, but [[WP:ONUS]] is policy <s>and it makes no special reference to mainspace</s>: {{tq|The responsibility for achieving consensus for inclusion is on those seeking to include disputed content.}} If you believe strongly in maintaining the link, you'll have to persuade others. I too am persuadable. And yes, I would support requesting closure at [[WP:RFCL]].[[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 23:24, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::"''While information must be verifiable for inclusion in an '''article''', not all verifiable information must be included. Consensus may determine that certain information does not improve an '''article'''. Such information should be omitted or presented instead in a different '''article'''.''" My emphasis. Also, part of [[WP:V]]. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 23:29, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::I stand corrected on the explicit language of ONUS. See below, however, regarding its common-sense applicability to the present dispute. Over and out. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 23:38, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::One final comment on the substance of your argument, Gråbergs Gråa Sång: {{tl|press}} explicitly calls for us to '''{{tq|Be mindful of guidelines}}''' when assessing inclusion, and even suggests the Reliable Sources Noticeboard as a venue for discussing this. So even if the standards for inclusion in a press header are lower than for inclusion in article space, considering other guidelines like [[WP:PROFRINGE]] makes perfect sense. |
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::::::I'm going to take a step back from this thread now to make room for others. If anyone would like to discuss on my talk page or by email, feel free. Cheers, [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 23:28, 3 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::Here is, in full, what the documentation says: |
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::::::::{{tq|This template automatically adds articles to Category:Wikipedia pages referenced by the press. Oftentimes, the purpose of this is to contextualize talk page discussions about ongoing coverage of editorial disputes, and press coverage listed here may come from sources otherwise considered unreliable.}} |
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::::::::{{tq|Use common sense, and do not use this template to link to outing of Wikipedia editors (e.g. forum threads where people are trying to dox users). Be mindful of guidelines such as WP:LINKLOVE and WP:ELBLP, as well as the biographies of living persons policy (which applies to all pages, including talk pages). When in doubt, discuss the appropriateness of the template and sources on the article's talk page, or consider seeking input at the Biographies of Living Persons Noticeboard or the Reliable Sources Noticeboard.}} |
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:::::::This specific wording is the product of discussion at [[Template talk:Press]] following a series of incidents in which people claimed that the template was somehow required to be curated to exclude bad (i.e. bad for mainspace) sources. <b style="font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8">[[User:JPxG|<b style="color:#029D74">jp</b>]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|<b style="color: #029D74">g</b>]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]</b> 22:18, 5 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::JPxG, I hear you, and I understand why you might be frustrated after a hard-fought consensus at Template talk. Indeed, I was unaware of that background before this discussion. But I do think that my reading of the consensus text at {{tl|press}} is reasonable –– even if reasonable minds can disagree. And I am very keenly aware of some other background pertinent to this contentious topic area which I feel is equally important to consider. We'll have to leave it to others, and ultimately to the closer, to determine how much weight to give to each of our positions. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 18:14, 7 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::Cosigned! [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 03:23, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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: It's absurd to accuse editors of "ideological corruption" in response to not wanting to link to a badly-written troll article on a talk page. It would be an [[WP:AGF]] violation if it weren't so silly. [[User:Grayfell|Grayfell]] ([[User talk:Grayfell|talk]]) 22:42, 2 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::Yeah, "ideological corruption" is... not nice. Or helpful. "badly-written troll article" is not that nice either, but I've read it, and I see how one can arrive on that conclusion. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 10:34, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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Also I tried editing the article, to give it more substance, but this is not my area of expertise. Please feel free to clean it up anyway you want. [[User:Bluethricecreamman|Bluethricecreamman]] ([[User talk:Bluethricecreamman|talk]]) 05:20, 31 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:Personally I can see very little merit in including the ''Quillette'' piece in the 'mentioned' header. It is clearly editorialising and written to further the writer's own personal agenda. It should be noted that ''Quillette'' solicits for and accepts submissions from "Interested authors" [https://quillette.com/contribute/] and that the author appears to have only ever written for the website on the one topic. I see nothing to suggest that their views are even those of ''Quillette'' itself - this is essentially no more significant than a blog post from an anonymous individual. [[User:AndyTheGrump|AndyTheGrump]] ([[User talk:AndyTheGrump|talk]]) 03:40, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:: This does have a whiff of blocked users slooooowly forum-shopping an op-ed. Quillette is a recent minor site with prolific fringe-y opinion pieces, which I wouldn't normally class as "media" in the sense of the template. A pseudonymous piece from it feels disproportionate alongside the BBC and CNN. Even the SPLC summary is borderline, but that's at least a named writer from a 400-person organization with a clear editorial practice and global audience. The Quillette piece is not "a random [annoying] article that got social media attention", it is by a pseudo that exclusively publishes on this topic and on alleged biases of Wikipedia, giving extensive positive attention to the work of the editors sanctioned in the AC case originally affecting this topic. With minimal benefit from inclusion, I'd leave it out. <span style="color:#666">– [[User:Sj|SJ]][[User Talk:Sj|<span style="color:#f90;"> +</span>]]</span> 03:55, 4 February 2024 (UTC) TLDR: What Andy said (beat me to it!). <span style="color:#666">– [[User:Sj|SJ]][[User Talk:Sj|<span style="color:#f90;"> +</span>]]</span> 03:56, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::Fwiw, ''I'' added the item under discussion when I found it on google. Nobody told/asked me to, on or off WP. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 10:16, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::: That was clear! The "forum shopping" comment referred to the author getting that [pair of] piece[s] published in Quillette. If an actual journalist w/ topical expertise wrote something similar in a piece on the topic in, say, Newsweek (to pick a long-standing media outlet not considered generally reliable anymore), I could see an argument for its relevance. But this seems like the same small community that was edit-warring about this a decade ago continuing to do so in opinion pieces and entire forks of wikipedia; it may be an indicator that flame wars are eternal, but not an indicator that "media organizations" are talking about this. <span style="color:#666">– [[User:Sj|SJ]][[User Talk:Sj|<span style="color:#f90;"> +</span>]]</span> 23:18, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::What counts as media-org/press for our purposes in this day and age can be disagreed on by reasonable people. My view is that ''[[Quilette]]'' fits the description, my December thinking was something like ''"Quilette? Never heard of it. Ah, it has a non-awful-looking WP-article that doesn't say "blog", then it fits the talk-page."'' [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 05:53, 5 February 2024 (UTC) |
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== Test scores == |
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* Quillette only publishes opinion; in this case it's the opinion of someone with no relevant expertise, which immediately makes [[WP:DUE]] weight a hard sell. On top of that it's a [[WP:BIASED]] group whose biases reflect fairly out-there views (they wear their rejection of the academic consensus on the issues they weigh in as a badge of pride, but it's an obvious problem when considering due weight on Wikipedia.) In the right situation, biased sources ''can'' be used, and opinion pieces can be included, especially when they come from respected subject-matter experts; but we have to measure all these things together when weighing due weight, and in this case it all adds up to something that is obviously [[WP:UNDUE]] as opinion without substantial secondary coverage. --[[User:Aquillion|Aquillion]] ([[User talk:Aquillion|talk]]) 11:11, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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*:I was thinking of mentioning [[WP:NPOV]] myself, in my view excluding the item goes a little, maybe, perhaps, against the ''spirit'' of NPOV in this context. But like almost every PAG etc that's been linked in this thread, NPOV/DUE is about mainspace. IMO [[Wikipedia:Arguments_to_avoid_on_discussion_pages#Personal_taste|personal taste]] is much more on point than DUE. Consensus will be what it will be. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 12:21, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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*:For the article, or for the auto-collapsed expandable eighth box out of ten in the header on the talk page of the article? <b style="font-family: monospace; color:#E35BD8">[[User:JPxG|<b style="color:#029D74">jp</b>]]×[[Special:Contributions/JPxG|<b style="color: #029D74">g</b>]][[User talk:JPxG|🗯️]]</b> 22:22, 5 February 2024 (UTC) |
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* Per Aquillion and AndyTheGrump, this is not a source that bears mention alongside the likes of BBC and CNN. It is clearly problematic, as articulated above, and the selection of this source for curation is (quite unintentionally) not a neutral action. Curation itself can be POV unless carried out under clear guidelines, and [[WP:UNDUE]] is an appropriate guideline here. This one should not have been selected. [[User:Sirfurboy|Sirfurboy🏄]] ([[User talk:Sirfurboy|talk]]) 11:38, 4 February 2024 (UTC) |
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The Test Scores section has a paragraph discussing disparities in academic achievement and math test scores in the UK, but surely those are a less reliable measurement of intelligence than general mental ability (GMA) tests, such as those discussed here?<ref>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/1359432X.2024.2377780?needAccess=true</ref> Is there any objection to replacing this paragraph with the results from this meta-analysis of GMA tests? [[User:Stonkaments|Stonkaments]] ([[User talk:Stonkaments|talk]]) 04:03, 3 August 2024 (UTC) |
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I've asked for closure of this discussion at [[Wikipedia:Closure requests]]. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 21:40, 6 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:There is no reason to remove the current text or the sources used, but feel free to suggest additional text sourced to [1] for discussion here to reach consensus. How to define ''intelligence'' and what's a less or more reliable way to measure it are controversial. Many believe that ''intelligence'' includes many disparate capacities and that there cannot be a numerical value that measures general intelligence. |
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:Note that the reliability of your source [1] is very questionable, since all three authors are closely associated with either ''[[Mankind Quarterly]]'' (see also [[Jan te Nijenhuis]]) or ''[[OpenPsych]]''. [[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] ([[User talk:NightHeron|talk]]) 06:39, 3 August 2024 (UTC) |
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:* '''Note to closer:''' Folks in the "exclude" camp have been cagey about the evidence that the author of the ''Quillette'' article is a community-banned LTA. That has been both to avoid [[WP:OUTING]] and to avoid giving the LTAs tips for block evasion. Please email me if you have any questions or to request additional background. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 16:37, 7 February 2024 (UTC) |
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===Side discussion on removing non-academic sources from article=== |
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:If it's closed can we then go back to {{u|NightHeron}}'s constructive beginning to this thread before the distraction? The ''Vox'' piece was removed and the remaining seems to be confined to "note a" cites to ''New Statesman'', ''The Guardian'', and ''The Independent''. I would just remove the entire note along with the text in the "Test Bias" section. It's a bit of cherry-picking from [https://www-sciencedirect-com.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/S0160289608000305 Reeve and Charles]. The most appropriate text in their paper for this article is probably the paragraph at the end of section 4.2 which is weaker and more cautioning. Dump the lot and problem solved. [[User:Fiveby|fiveby]]([[User talk:Fiveby|zero]]) 18:27, 7 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::Good idea. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 19:14, 7 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::This article still includes citations to various other non academic sources, which violate the restriction to only cite "peer-reviewed scholarly journals and academically focused books by reputable publishers." For example, in the "Health and nutrition" section sources 86 through 91 all are to articles published in The Guardian. But I don't know if this is the right time to try to make the article comply with that restriction. |
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:::Do you not find it contradictory that you have modified this article based on the Quillette article's criticism of its citations to newspaper sources, yet also you do not want that article linked to in the talk page header? It would be one thing if the Quillette article's criticism were baseless and we were disregarding it. But we are already giving the Quillette article exposure indirectly, by removing some of the newspaper sources that it criticizes this article for citing. When we are already doing that, it is not really giving the article ''more'' exposure to link to it in the talk page header, as a way to identify the origin of the criticism that these edits were based on. [[User:Tickle me|tickle]] [[User_talk:Tickle me|me]] 01:42, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::Apologies for not finding those. I think the ground here is covered by p. 101 and elsewhere of Nisbett and it looks like those ''Guardian'' articles, which reference papers and a conference presentation, were probably added in an effort to improve the sourcing. What is this restriction you're referring to? I'm not sure ''[[Intelligence and How to Get It]]'' would pass the bar? It's from a prominent author but written for a general audience and not academics. Probably some improvement in the citations could be made here but not sure what needs done. I see the ArbCom ruling "Correct use of sources" in the talk headers, but not anything about this other restriction you mentioned. [[User:Fiveby|fiveby]]([[User talk:Fiveby|zero]]) 03:23, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::fiveby: there's a header when you edit the article that stipulates {{tq|Only high quality sources may be used, specifically peer-reviewed scholarly journals and academically focused books by reputable publishers.}} That's what's being referred to. |
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:::::I'm not sure when those ''Guardian'' sources were added. I don't think anyone would object if someone wanted to replace them with the actual studies they're reporting on. They are all, as far as I can tell, reporting on peer-reviewed studies that ''would'' pass muster. We just have to cite them directly. |
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:::::As to tickle me's argument: the ''Quillette'' article's criticism was indeed baseless because it claimed that editors were "replacing" higher-quality sources with journalistic ones. They were not. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 04:43, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::Update: I went and substituted out all the ''Guardian'' refs for relevant peer-reviewed sources: [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Race_and_intelligence&diff=1204867367&oldid=1204695409]. I also cut the citation of Nisbett's book in that paragraph. It didn't seem necessary in that case. Elsewhere the book is cited where it's being quoted by Mackintosh (''IQ and Human Intelligence'', Oxford University Press, 2011), a secondary source, so I think that's appropriate. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 06:30, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Race_and_intelligence&diff=prev&oldid=1204852543] [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Race_and_intelligence&diff=prev&oldid=1204856905] [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Race_and_intelligence&diff=prev&oldid=1204867367] Generalrelative, you are not looking carefully enough at the sources you cite. [https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1911264116 This study] is about how early childhood deprivation reduced intelligence in Romanian children, [https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1003213 this study] is about how green space affected intelligence in Belgium, and [https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1809474115 this study] is about how air quality affected intelligence in China. These sources say nothing about African Americans or about the topic of race and intelligence. Your citing these sources to support the statement "The African American population of the United States is statistically more likely to be exposed to many detrimental environmental factors" misrepresents the sources. The support for this sentence from its other citations also is dubious, but those three sources are misrepresented the most egregiously. It also is an action prohibited by another part of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Editnotices/Page/Race_and_intelligence sourcing restriction]: "Anyone found to be misrepresenting a source, either in the article or on the talk page, will be subject to escalating topic bans." [[User:Tickle me|tickle]] [[User_talk:Tickle me|me]] 12:58, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::That's probably my fault for trying to get rid of the news sources, and i was not objecting Nisbett at all, just trying to understand the source restriction. The content is i think on very solid ground and Nisbett's work covers all the bases and should address any kind SYNTH concerns. The goal here should be to improve the citations so that editors agree they support the text and to serve the read (if any actually bother to look). In my opinion Nisbett is excellent citation for readers, and it's unproductive for editors to demand shrubbery or play gotcha games with the source restrictions. What exactly would you like to see for citations for this passage? [[User:Fiveby|fiveby]]([[User talk:Fiveby|zero]]) 14:55, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::Thanks fiveby, but I'll hand it to tickle me: this is an effective gotcha. I was obviously trying to help by going back to the ''Guardian'' articles and substituting in the studies they were reporting on. But given that there are LTAs like the ''Quillette'' author who are obsessed with finding fault with editors in this topic area, and if I were to self-revert I ''would'' technically be replacing peer-reviewed sources with journalistic ones, I'll go ahead and remove the offending sentence for now. If anyone has time to work collaboratively and ensure that the refs are supporting what they're supposed to (or wants to argue for the Nisbett book being allowable), please feel free to add back in an appropriately referenced sentence. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 15:04, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::Happily, the section reads just fine without this sentence: [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Race_and_intelligence&diff=1204984750&oldid=1204867367]. If anything, it was a bit redundant. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 15:09, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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{{archive bottom}} |
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== Lede's prose on scientific consensus == |
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I think that {{tq|modern science has concluded that race is a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,}} would be better reworded to match the section on race further into the article. |
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From this article's 'Race' section: |
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{{tq|The majority of anthropologists today consider race to be a sociopolitical phenomenon rather than a biological one, a view supported by considerable genetics research. The current mainstream view in the social sciences and biology is that race is a social construction based on folk ideologies that construct groups based on social disparities and superficial physical characteristics...}} |
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This wording, which present race's social construction as a consensus view among scientists, rather than something which has been shown or concluded by ''science'', is more in line with the wordings and contexts of reliable sources, like the consensus reports by [[National Academies of Science]] ([https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/26902/chapter/1 here]) and the [[American Association of Biological Anthropologists]] ([https://bioanth.org/about/position-statements/aapa-statement-race-and-racism-2019/ here]), which present arguments to support their consensus, but not scientifically-derived conclusions that would be appropriately reported with the {{tq|modern science has concluded...}} verbiage. Similarly, [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/race-is-a-social-construct-scientists-argue/ this SciAm piece] presents race's social construction as a consensus view, again presenting arguments to support it, rather than as a scientific finding ''per se'': |
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{{tq|Today, the mainstream belief among scientists is that race is a social construct without biological meaning.}} |
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From ''[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5299519/ Anthropologists' views on race, ancestry, and genetics]'': |
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{{tq|Results demonstrate consensus that there are no human biological races and recognition that race exists as lived social experiences that can have important effects on health.}} |
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From ''[https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMms2025768 Misrepresenting Race — The Role of Medical Schools in Propagating Physician Bias]'': |
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{{tq|Most scholars in the biologic and social sciences converge on the view that racism shapes social experiences and has biologic consequences and that race is not a meaningful scientific construct in the absence of context.}} |
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All of these sources report race's social construction as a consensus view held broadly by scientists, and not as a finding that has been shown or concluded by ''science''. None of them report it as a something that ''science'' has ''found'', ''shown'', or ''concluded''. Among all of these, the current lede prose stands out—which, given that Wikipedia's role is to follow consensus of reliable secondary sources, it shouldn't. |
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I propose the following options, or similar: |
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{{tq|...modern scientific consensus regards race to be a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,}} |
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{{tq|...modern scientific consensus considers race to be a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,}} |
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{{tq|...the consensus in modern science is that race is a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,}} |
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{{tq|...the prevailing view in contemporary science is that race is a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,}} |
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{{tq|...scientists generally agree today that race is a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,}} [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 23:44, 17 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:I'll start by pointing out to anyone who may just be stumbling on this thread that Zanahary and I (and {{u|MrOllie}}) have [[Talk:Race_and_intelligence/Archive_103#Lede_problem|already discussed this sentence]]. My view is that the sources do indeed present the view that race is a social construct rather than a biological reality as a ''finding'' or ''conclusion'' reached in the genomics era, rather than a mere convention. Here's how [[Ewan Birney]] et al. explain it: [https://ewanbirney.com/2019/10/race-genetics-and-pseudoscience-an-explainer.html] |
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:{{talkquote|Research in the 20th century found that the crude categorisations used colloquially (black, white, East Asian etc.) were not reflected in actual patterns of genetic variation, meaning that differences and similarities in DNA between people did not perfectly match the traditional racial terms. The conclusion drawn from this observation is that race is therefore a socially constructed system, where we effectively agree on these terms, rather than their existing as essential or objective biological categories. Some people claim that the exquisitely detailed picture of human variation that we can now obtain by sequencing whole genomes contradicts this. Recent studies, they argue, actually show that the old notions of races as biological categories were basically correct in the first place. As evidence for this they often point to the images produced by analyses in studies that seem to show natural clustering of humans into broadly continental groups based on their DNA. But these claims misinterpret and misrepresent the methods and results of this type of research. Populations do show both genetic and physical differences, but the analyses that are cited as evidence for the concept of race as a biological category actually undermine it.}} |
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:Yes, convention also plays a role because of garbage-in/garbage-out concerns, as is emphasized by the [https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/26902/chapter/1 2023 consensus report] I suggested in our previous conversation on this language. But the basic fact that race serves as a "weak proxy for genetic diversity" was a genuine discovery that had to wait for the era of DNA sequencing to become settled science. That's why I stand behind "...modern science has concluded..." as a perfectly accurate way to phrase this. |
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:I do thank you, though, for pointing out that the body needed to comport better with the lead. It really was out of date, so I've made an effort to update it. Cheers, [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 01:15, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::I think the update you've made to the Race section is great! The new verbiage is specific and contextualizes the view as one of consensus. I hope that the lede can follow it, even verbatim or nearly so.{{pb}}For ease, the new verbiage in the Race section: {{tq|The consensus view among geneticists, biologists and anthropologists is that race is sociopolitical phenomenon rather than a biological one, a view supported by considerable genetics research.}}{{pb}}For anyone stumbling upon this now, I've started this discussion with a more specific aim (matching reliable sources), and with sources to support my proposed verbiage, than my previous started discussion, which I'd initiated with less context and editing experience. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 02:47, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:::Thanks Zanahary. I contemplated a more thorough revision (not sure if we really need more than the first two paragraphs of the "Race" section to convey the necessary information to the reader of this article), but for the time being decided not to be so BOLD. I'd be curious to hear what you think of that suggestion though. |
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:::Wrt the lead sentence on scientific consensus, it may be that you and I just have slightly different intuitions about how best to summarize the sources. Let's see what others have to say, and if no one else here wants to weigh in there is always the option of posting at [[WP:NPOVN]]. The best thing about Wikipedia (in my view) is being able to tap into the wisdom of crowds –– in our case, thankfully, crowds of very well informed editors who have been doing this for a while. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 03:12, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::The Race section, in my opinion, is definitely sufficient to convey the necessary context for unfamiliar readers to understand what follows. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 04:26, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::Ah, I wasn't clear. My idea is to cut all but the first two paragraphs of the section. Those two paragraphs are where we highlight the consensus statements from the major scientific organizations. The rest of the section seems to get into the weeds in a way that I'm not sure is especially helpful. Maybe it's best to just leave it to readers who want to learn more to click through the "Main articles" header to [[Race (human categorization)]] or [[Race and genetics]]? |
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:::::I'm not especially committed to this idea. It's just something that occurred to me when reading through the section with fresh eyes. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 04:53, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::::Ah, gotcha. In that case, I think it should stay. The self-report is an important piece of context for the reader to interpret all the statistical references that follow. The clustering part is good too, though I'm going to go ahead and switch its place with the self-report paragraph, since I think it more naturally belongs after paragraphs about scientific conceptions and treatments of race than a paragraph about collection methods. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 05:38, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::::I like what you did there. You're right: the section does flow much better now. |
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:::::::The one part that still strikes me as muddled is the final bit: everything from {{tq|Hunt and Carlson disagreed...}} onward. I'm not sure what an ordinary reader is meant to take away from this. And is it really DUE to mention a disagreement among psychologists about how to read a genetics paper? In any case, if others think it ''is'' DUE, it should probably be revised for clarity. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 16:32, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::::::Unsure why the philosophers Jonathan Kaplan and Rasmus Winther get some much space, they seemingly argue "both Lewontin and Edwards are right", but the article hasn't yet introduced [[Human Genetic Diversity: Lewontin's Fallacy]] to the reader (who might wonder who they could be) and probably not the place to do that? [[User:Fiveby|fiveby]]([[User talk:Fiveby|zero]]) 17:53, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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:::::::::Wow, good catch. I've made some edits, and marked a confusing sentence for clarification. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 19:14, 18 December 2023 (UTC) |
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::::Since it looks like the party's all here, would anyone care to give their input on the conclusion/finding/consensus/etc. verbiage question? @[[User:Sj|Sj]] @[[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] @[[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] @[[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] @[[User:Steve Quinn|Steve Quinn]] @[[User:Fiveby|Fiveby]]<br>(Apologies if it's considered ugly to ping) [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 17:59, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::I don't have an informed opinion. [[User:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|Gråbergs Gråa Sång]] ([[User talk:Gråbergs Gråa Sång|talk]]) 20:13, 8 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::I like that wording much better, including for the lead - [[User:DFlhb|DFlhb]] ([[User talk:DFlhb|talk]]) 10:25, 9 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::I am reading the linked sources that are provided above. I'll have to get back to you on this. I will say, however, that saying ''<u>modern scientific consensus says such and such</u>'', is the same as saying ''<u>modern science has concluded such and such</u>.'' |
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::::A mainstream consensus is the position that ''<u>science</u>'' takes on an issue. This ''<u>position</u>'' seems to be the same as reaching a ''<u>conclusion</u>'' on an issue — especially on an issue such as this, where the scientific consensus is probably overwhelming. I am not sure the wording needs to be changed, but I will get back to you on this - hopefully within a few days, after I explore the material. ---[[User:Steve Quinn|Steve Quinn]] ([[User talk:Steve Quinn|talk]]) 23:58, 9 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::So, saying "{{tq|modern science has concluded that race is a socially constructed phenomenon rather than a biological reality,"}} appears to be succinct, clear and accurate, There is no need to try to water down the message here or muddy the waters. And as I said, let me get back to you on this. ---[[User:Steve Quinn|Steve Quinn]] ([[User talk:Steve Quinn|talk]]) 00:13, 10 February 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::I didn't see it as a watering down, if anything it seemed stronger; but I'm interested in your thoughts - [[User:DFlhb|DFlhb]] ([[User talk:DFlhb|talk]]) 00:24, 10 February 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::Another issue with the use of the term "consensus" is that on controversial topics, there can be significant differences between public and private views. Publicly stating an unpopular opinion on a controversial race issue can have disastrous consequences for a scientist's career. The Wikipedia article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_IQ_Controversy,_the_Media_and_Public_Policy is not referenced in this article but probably should be, as it surveyed intelligence researchers anonymously. Below is a relevant two-paragraph excerpt: |
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::::::The question regarding this in the survey asked "Which of the following best characterizes your opinion of the heritability of black-white differences in IQ?" Amongst the 661 returned questionnaires, 14% declined to answer the question, 24% said that there was insufficient evidence to give an answer, 1% said that the gap was "due entirely to genetic variation", 15% voted that it was "due entirely to environmental variation" and 45% said that it was a "product of genetic and environmental variation". According to Snyderman and Rothman, this contrasts greatly with the coverage of these views as represented in the media, where the reader is led to draw the conclusion that "only a few maverick 'experts' support the view that genetic variation plays a significant role in individual or group difference, while the vast majority of experts believe that such differences are purely the result of environmental factors." |
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::::::In their analysis of the survey results, Snyderman and Rothman state that the experts who described themselves as agreeing with the "controversial" partial-genetic views of [[Arthur Jensen]] did so only on the understanding that their identity would remain unknown in the published report. This was due, claim the authors, to fears of suffering the same kind of castigation experienced by Jensen for publicly expressing views on the correlation between race and intelligence which are privately held in the wider academic community.<sup>[''[[Wikipedia:Reliable sources|unreliable source?]]'']</sup> [[User:Bws92082|Bws92082]] ([[User talk:Bws92082|talk]]) 14:20, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::You've left out that Snyderman and Rothman's results are themselves largely rejected by the relevant experts. 'Everyone secretly agrees with me but won't say so' is sometimes used as a debate tactic by scientific minorities, but it as unconvincing here as it is everywhere else it is used. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 14:27, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::Your entirely dismissive response is not justified by the content of that Wikipedia entry. If Wikipedia felt it was worthy of an entry of its own, then clearly it would be relevant to the 'Race and intelligence' article, and should be referenced. [[User:Bws92082|Bws92082]] ([[User talk:Bws92082|talk]]) 14:49, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::Wikipedia also thinks that [[Modern flat Earth beliefs]] deserve an entry of their own, but you will find they are not mentioned on articles about astronomy. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 14:56, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::If [[Modern flat Earth beliefs]] were shown to be largely accepted in a poll of published astronomy researchers, then it most certainly should be mentioned in articles about astronomy. [[User:Bws92082|Bws92082]] ([[User talk:Bws92082|talk]]) 15:05, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::If there were flaws in the polling, we'd probably mention it in its own article, and perhaps in a history article (like, say, [[History of the race and intelligence controversy]]). We wouldn't (and per [[WP:GEVAL]] could not) use it to try to undercut higher quality sources. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 15:17, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::There are other sources that support Snyderman and Rothman's view that there is no real consensus among intelligence researchers on the cause of the Black/White IQ gap. For example, see https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160289619301886?via%3Dihub |
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::::::::::::In closing, I will note that the 'Race and Intelligence' article's quote that "genetics does not explain differences in IQ test performance between groups, and that observed differences are environmental in origin" is truly an extraordinary scientific claim (which would require extraordinary evidence to confirm). It rules out ''any'' genetic contribution to group differences allowing ''only'' for a 100% environmental effect. All human groups, in other words, have ''identical'' native intelligence. This may well be true, but any suggestion that researchers are anywhere close to demonstrating this as a scientific fact would be highly questionable. [[User:Bws92082|Bws92082]] ([[User talk:Bws92082|talk]]) 16:44, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::::Rindermann's survey has been discussed extensively in the talk pages archives. It's not surprising that he got the results that he did, since he surveyed the members of ISIR, who we knew very well would give the results he was looking for. Then he published it in a journal known for publishing racist pseudoscience. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 17:07, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::::Like it or not, ISIR's flagship publication 'Intelligence' is a leading journal in its field. The world-renowned behavioral geneticist Robert Plomin, for example, publishes papers here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289624000278 . Again your totally dismissive attitude is unwarranted. Excluding all ISIR opinions cannot be justified. [[User:Bws92082|Bws92082]] ([[User talk:Bws92082|talk]]) 17:41, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::::::That journal isn't immune to publishing papers that are controversial and contested, something the [[Intelligence (journal)]] article already points out. [[User:Harryhenry1|Harryhenry1]] ([[User talk:Harryhenry1|talk]]) 17:59, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::::::::::::::Being "immune to publishing papers that are controversial and contested" is not an appropriate requirement for a truth-seeking scientific journal. [[User:Bws92082|Bws92082]] ([[User talk:Bws92082|talk]]) 19:09, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::::::::::::::Perhaps, perhaps not. Keeping white supremacists off the editorial board is an appropriate requirement, though. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 21:18, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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{{od}} I recently added a source<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bird |first=Kevin |last2=Jackson |first2=John P. |last3=Winston |first3=Andrew S. |date=November 2023 |title=Confronting Scientific Racism in Psychology: Lessons from Evolutionary Biology and Genetics |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375636242_Confronting_Scientific_Racism_in_Psychology_Lessons_from_Evolutionary_Biology_and_Genetics |journal=American Psychologist |quote=}}</ref> which should clear up any uncertainty as to where the scientific consensus stands on the matter: {{talkquote|Recent articles claim that the folk categories of race are genetically meaningful divisions, and that evolved genetic differences among races and nations are important for explaining immutable differences in cognitive ability, educational attainment, crime, sexual behavior, and wealth; all claims that are opposed by a '''strong scientific consensus''' to the contrary. ... Despite the veneer of modern science, RHR [racial hereditarian research] psychologists’ recent efforts merely repeat '''discredited''' racist ideas of a century ago. The issue is truly one of scientific standards; if psychology embraced the scientific practices of evolutionary biology and genetics, current forms of RHR would not be publishable in reputable scholarly journals.}} [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 16:37, 13 July 2024 (UTC) |
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{{reflist-talk}} |
{{reflist-talk}} |
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== Anyone around who can check recent edits for Richard Lynn? == |
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==Many parts of the world== |
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In the lead there is this sentence: "{{tq|Pseudoscientific claims of inherent differences in intelligence between races have played a central role in the history of scientific racism in many parts of the world.}}" I think there is no need to for the added phrase "{{tq|...in many parts the world}}." The phrase seems to make this lead sentence too wordy and detracts from conciseness. Any agreement on this matter? ---[[User:Steve Quinn|Steve Quinn]] ([[User talk:Steve Quinn|talk]]) 00:54, 10 February 2024 (UTC) |
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Richard_Lynn&action=history] Thanks. [[User:Doug Weller|<span style="color:#070">Doug Weller</span>]] [[User talk:Doug Weller|talk]] 13:00, 13 December 2024 (UTC) |
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:I agree. Even if there are sources that will allow us to expand the scope of this article, the phrase seems unnecessary. [[User:Generalrelative|Generalrelative]] ([[User talk:Generalrelative|talk]]) 01:14, 10 February 2024 (UTC) |
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== Genome-wide association study recent changes == |
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== Article scope == |
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Editors who follow this page will probably take an interest in recent edits over at [[Genome-wide association study]]. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 21:46, 8 January 2025 (UTC) |
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I think this article should contain content about the well-covered stereotypes relating to race and intelligence, and social notions relating to race and intelligence. As it stands, the article seems to be ~only about the notions and controversies in science and pseudoscience relating to race and intelligence. Would these proposed additions be out of scope? [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 23:52, 1 March 2024 (UTC) |
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:By the way, I remember seeing another editor raise an idea like this earlier. Sorry if this is redundant; I can't find the earlier discussion. [[User:Zanahary|Zanahary]] ([[User talk:Zanahary|talk]]) 23:54, 1 March 2024 (UTC) |
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== Piffer (2015) == |
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Piffer (2015) found differing frequencies of cognition and IQ-enhancing genes in different racial populations: |
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https://gwern.net/doc/iq/2015-piffer.pdf |
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[[User:Wiki Crazyman|Wiki Crazyman]] ([[User talk:Wiki Crazyman|talk]]) 23:39, 13 May 2024 (UTC) |
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:See [[Intelligence (journal)]] for some well-sourced commentary on the merits of that particular publication. [[User:AndyTheGrump|AndyTheGrump]] ([[User talk:AndyTheGrump|talk]]) 23:53, 13 May 2024 (UTC) |
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::The criticism appears to be sourced to a journalistic piece in a progressive political magazine and another in a pop-sci magazine. 'Well-sourced commentary' such as this doesn't weigh heavily when it comes to a highly-regarded, peer-reviewed scientific journal. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 01:42, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::'Highly regarded' went out the window when they had white supremacists on the editorial board. [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 01:51, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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::::Even the two critical sources stated describe it as 'one of the most respected in its field' and 'a more respected psychology journal'. |
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::::If any experts in the field of intelligence research have made a case against the journal's reputation, then its reliability could be questioned. As it is we have mixed criticism from two journalists of a well regarded peer-reviewed publication. [[User:Elisha'o'Mine|Elisha'o'Mine]] ([[User talk:Elisha'o'Mine|talk]]) 02:11, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:::::Nah. We can discard a source without needing to meet your personal standard, which doesn't have any relation to Wikipedia's policies so far as I can tell. It is worth mentioning, though, that the [[SPLC]] (noted experts on racism) [https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/03/12/wikipedia-wars-inside-fight-against-far-right-editors-vandals-and-sock-puppets published an article] that spends multiple paragraphs on this specific paper and how it shouldn't be used as a source. A sample quote: {{Tq|Piffer’s credentials, affiliations and the scientific merit of the paper itself are suspect}} - [[User:MrOllie|MrOllie]] ([[User talk:MrOllie|talk]]) 02:54, 20 July 2024 (UTC) |
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:Please also read [[OpenPsych]] concerning the journal co-founded by Davide Piffer. [[User:NightHeron|NightHeron]] ([[User talk:NightHeron|talk]]) 23:57, 13 May 2024 (UTC) |
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This article has been mentioned by multiple media organizations:
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Is there really a scientific consensus that there is no evidence for a genetic link between race and intelligence?
Yes, and for a number of reasons. Primarily:
Isn't it true that different races have different average IQ test scores?
On average and in certain contexts, yes, though these differences have fluctuated and in many cases steadily decreased over time. Crucially, the existence of such average differences today does not mean what racialists have asserted that it means (i.e. that races can be ranked according to their genetic predisposition for intelligence). Most IQ test data comes from North America and Europe, where non-White individuals represent ethnic minorities and often carry systemic burdens which are known to affect test performance. Studies which purport to compare the IQ averages of various nations are considered methodologically dubious and extremely unreliable. Further, important discoveries in the past several decades, such as the Flynn effect and the steady narrowing of the gap between low-scoring and high-scoring groups, as well as the ways in which disparities such as access to prenatal care and early childhood education affect IQ, have led to an understanding that environmental factors are sufficient to account for observed between-group differences. And isn't IQ a measure of intelligence?
Not exactly. IQ tests are designed to measure intelligence, but it is widely acknowledged that they measure only a very limited range of an individual's cognitive capacity. They do not measure mental adaptability or creativity, for example. You can read more about the limitations of IQ measurements here. These caveats need to be kept in mind when extrapolating from IQ measurements to statements about intelligence. But even if we were to take IQ to be a measure of intelligence, there would still be no good reason to assert a genetic link between race and intelligence (for all the reasons stated elsewhere in this FAQ). Isn't there research showing that there are genetic differences between races?
Yes and no. A geneticist could analyze a DNA sample and then in many cases make an accurate statement about that person's race, but no single gene or group of genes has ever been found that defines a person's race. Such variations make up a minute fraction of the total genome, less even than the amount of genetic material that varies from one individual to the next. It's also important to keep in mind that racial classifications are socially constructed, in the sense that how a person is classified racially depends on perceptions, racial definitions, and customs in their society and can often change when they travel to a different country or when social conventions change over time (see here for more details). So how can different races look different, without having different genes?
They do have some different genes, but the genes that vary between any two given races will not necessarily vary between two other races. Race is defined phenotypically, not genotypically, which means it's defined by observable traits. When a geneticist looks at the genetic differences between two races, there are differences in the genes that regulate those traits, and that's it. So comparing Africans to Europeans will show differences in genes that regulate skin color, hair texture, nose and lip shape, and other observable traits. But the rest of the genetic code will be essentially the same. In fact, there is much less genetic material that regulates the traits used to define the races than there is that regulates traits that vary from person to person. In other words, if you compare the genomes of two individuals within the same race, the results will likely differ more from each other than a comparison of the average genomes of two races. If you've ever heard people saying that the races "are more alike than two random people" or words to that effect, this is what they were referring to. Why do people insist that race is "biologically meaningless"?
Mostly because it is. As explained in the answer to the previous question, race isn't defined by genetics. Race is nothing but an arbitrary list of traits, because race is defined by observable features. The list isn't even consistent from one comparison to another. We distinguish between African and European people on the basis of skin color, but what about Middle Eastern, Asian, and Native American people? They all have more or less the same skin color. We distinguish African and Asian people from European people by the shape of some of their facial features, but what about Native American and Middle Eastern people? They have the same features as the European people, or close enough to engender confusion when skin color is not discernible. Australian Aborigines share numerous traits with African people and are frequently considered "Black" along with them, yet they are descended from an ancestral Asian population and have been a distinct cultural and ethnic group for fifty thousand years. These standards of division are arbitrary and capricious; the one drop rule shows that visible differences were not even respected at the time they were still in use. But IQ is at least somewhat heritable. Doesn't that mean that observed differences in IQ test performance between ancestral population groups must have a genetic component?
This is a common misconception, sometimes termed the "hereditarian fallacy". [1] In fact, the heritability of differences between individuals and families within a given population group tells us nothing about the heritability of differences between population groups. [2] [3] As geneticist and neuroscientist Kevin Mitchell explains:
What about all the psychometricians who claim there's a genetic link?
The short answer is: they're not geneticists. The longer answer is that there remains a well-documented problem of scientific racism, which has infiltrated psychometry (see e.g. [5] and [6]). Psychometry is a field where people who advocate scientific racism can push racist ideas without being constantly contradicted by the very work they're doing. And when their data did contradict their racist views, many prominent advocates of scientific racism simply falsified their work or came up with creative ways to explain away the problems. See such figures as Cyril Burt, J. Phillipe Rushton, Richard Lynn, and Hans Eysenck, who are best known in the scientific community today for the poor methodological quality of their work, their strong advocacy for a genetic link between race and intelligence, and in some cases getting away with blatant fraud for many years. Isn't it a conspiracy theory to claim that psychometricians do this?
No. It is a well-documented fact that there is an organized group of psychometricians pushing for mainstream acceptance of racist, unscientific claims. See this, this and this, as well as our article on scientific racism for more information. Isn't this just political correctness?
No, it's science. As a group of scholars including biological anthropologists Agustín Fuentes of Princeton and Jonathan M. Marks of the University of North Carolina explain: "while it is true that most researchers in the area of human genetics and human biological diversity no longer allocate significant resources and time to the race/IQ discussion, and that moral concerns may play an important role in these decisions, an equally fundamental reason why researchers do not engage with the thesis is that empirical evidence shows that the whole idea itself is unintelligible and wrong-headed". These authors compare proponents of a genetic link between race and IQ to creationists, vaccine skeptics, and climate change deniers. [7] At the same time, researchers who choose to pursue this line of inquiry have in no way been hindered from doing so, as is made clear by this article: [8]. It's just that all the evidence they find points to environmental rather than genetic causes for observed differences in average IQ-test performance between racial groups. What about the surveys which say that most "intelligence experts" believe in some degree of genetic linkage between race and IQ?
Is there really no evidence at all for a genetic link between race and intelligence?
No evidence for such a link has ever been presented in the scientific community. Much data has been claimed to be evidence by advocates of scientific racism, but each of these claims has been universally rejected by geneticists. Statistical arguments claiming to detect the signal of such a difference in polygenic scores have been refuted as fundamentally methodologically flawed (see e.g. [9]), and neither genetics nor neuroscience are anywhere near the point where a mechanistic explanation could even be meaningfully proposed (see e.g. [10]). This is why the question of a genetic link between race and intelligence is largely considered pseudoscience; it is assumed to exist primarily by advocates of scientific racism, and in these cases the belief is based on nothing but preconceived notions about race. What is the current state of the science on a link between intelligence and race?
Please see the article itself for an outline of the scientific consensus. What is the basis for Wikipedia's consensus on how to treat the material?
Wikipedia editors have considered this topic in detail and over an extended period. In short, mainstream science treats the claim that genetics explains the observable differences in IQ between races as a fringe theory, so we use our own guidelines on how to treat such material when editing our articles on the subject. Please refer to the following past discussions:
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Piffer (2015)
Piffer (2015) found differing frequencies of cognition and IQ-enhancing genes in different racial populations:
https://gwern.net/doc/iq/2015-piffer.pdf
Wiki Crazyman (talk) 23:39, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
- See Intelligence (journal) for some well-sourced commentary on the merits of that particular publication. AndyTheGrump (talk) 23:53, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
- The criticism appears to be sourced to a journalistic piece in a progressive political magazine and another in a pop-sci magazine. 'Well-sourced commentary' such as this doesn't weigh heavily when it comes to a highly-regarded, peer-reviewed scientific journal. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 01:42, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- 'Highly regarded' went out the window when they had white supremacists on the editorial board. MrOllie (talk) 01:51, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- Even the two critical sources stated describe it as 'one of the most respected in its field' and 'a more respected psychology journal'.
- If any experts in the field of intelligence research have made a case against the journal's reputation, then its reliability could be questioned. As it is we have mixed criticism from two journalists of a well regarded peer-reviewed publication. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 02:11, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- Nah. We can discard a source without needing to meet your personal standard, which doesn't have any relation to Wikipedia's policies so far as I can tell. It is worth mentioning, though, that the SPLC (noted experts on racism) published an article that spends multiple paragraphs on this specific paper and how it shouldn't be used as a source. A sample quote:
Piffer’s credentials, affiliations and the scientific merit of the paper itself are suspect
- MrOllie (talk) 02:54, 20 July 2024 (UTC)- Based on which Wiki policy are you discarding it as a source? It's used several times in articles related to intelligence research.
- Not than an advocacy organization's opinion really is of note when it comes to population genetics, I do note that these several SPLC paragraphs go into no more detail than to state that scientific merit of the paper itself are suspect (no reasons for this assessment or counterarguments given, at all), to question the author's credibility and to state that there are no reliable sources to dispute it. Which adds up to nothing in particular from an organisation with absolutely no standing in scientific matters. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 03:38, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- If this Piffer article is used several times, please point those usages out specifically because those definitely need to be removed. MrOllie (talk) 04:10, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- As per my original comment and your response to it, I'm referring to the journal Intelligence. Which seems to have somehow achieved the status of a 'pick-and-choose' source.
- The argument against mention of the Piffer paper, whether it's flawed research or not, requires something more than commentary from a civil rights organisation. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 04:30, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- Contrary to what you might imagine, we rely on editor judgement for evaluating source reliability all the time, and Piffer is definitely a fringe source per our guideline. This would be ascertainable even without explicit debunking in a scholarly source. Some pseudo-scholars are too insignificant to draw that kind of attention. That said, here is a fine peer-reviewed source that explains in no uncertain terms what is so profoundly unscientific about Piffer's methodology. No matter how you squirm, you will get nowhere with this line of argumentation. Generalrelative (talk) 06:38, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- A preprint is not a fine peer-reviewed anything.
- Our guideline places Piffer as a fringe source based on his conclusions, or is it his associations?
- I'm aware that a past RFC prematurely declared the suggestion that genetics plays a role in population group IQ differences to be 'fringe' rather than merely minority. As RFCs aren't binding and consensus can change at any time, hopefully this will be rectified at some point. Though a consensus against it is emerging, the idea hasn't been conclusively refuted and research is ongoing. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 08:10, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- The author of that paper is Kevin Bird. Kevin Bird also said: "The past isn't an indication of how the future behaves...I do science because I find it intellectually engaging, to be completely honest...I do it with not as much interest in attaining or discovering truth." He then said that he is "not interested in discovering truth". It is completely impossible to take a person like that seriously. And that paper's not peer reviewed. Hi! (talk) 05:38, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- Bird et al. has now been published by American Psychologist, the flagship journal of the American Psychological Association. It is no longer a preprint. As to your gotcha quote about "truth"... Dr. Tyree's philosophy class is right down the hall. Generalrelative (talk) 05:57, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- Thanks for the updated cite. But an Indiana Jones meme? What am I supposed to take away from that? Hi! (talk) 06:24, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- That your attempt to smear Bird is thoroughly unconvincing. Also see Wikipedia:Verifiability, not truth. MrOllie (talk) 12:20, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- Thanks for the updated cite. But an Indiana Jones meme? What am I supposed to take away from that? Hi! (talk) 06:24, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- Bird et al. has now been published by American Psychologist, the flagship journal of the American Psychological Association. It is no longer a preprint. As to your gotcha quote about "truth"... Dr. Tyree's philosophy class is right down the hall. Generalrelative (talk) 05:57, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- Contrary to what you might imagine, we rely on editor judgement for evaluating source reliability all the time, and Piffer is definitely a fringe source per our guideline. This would be ascertainable even without explicit debunking in a scholarly source. Some pseudo-scholars are too insignificant to draw that kind of attention. That said, here is a fine peer-reviewed source that explains in no uncertain terms what is so profoundly unscientific about Piffer's methodology. No matter how you squirm, you will get nowhere with this line of argumentation. Generalrelative (talk) 06:38, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- If this Piffer article is used several times, please point those usages out specifically because those definitely need to be removed. MrOllie (talk) 04:10, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- The SPLC aren't experts on genetics, and they don't cite any scientific publications in their article to critique Piffer. The closest they come is citing a non-peer-reviewed book review of a book Piffer didn't write. Hi! (talk) 05:40, 29 July 2024 (UTC)
- The SPLC may be experts on racism, but is there any evidence that they're experts on science? Wiki Crazyman (talk) 23:21, 25 August 2024 (UTC)
- Correctly identifying racist pseudoscience is part of their expertise, yes. It's not like they're commenting on an article about astronomy. MrOllie (talk) 23:43, 25 August 2024 (UTC)
- Pseudoscience is that which does not employ the scientific method. Neither the SPLC nor Bird have made such an extreme claim about the Piffer paper. Bird may have the expertise to critique the methodology employed, but anything of the sort is well beyond the SPLC's realm of expertise. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 14:42, 9 September 2024 (UTC)
- Correctly identifying racist pseudoscience is part of their expertise, yes. It's not like they're commenting on an article about astronomy. MrOllie (talk) 23:43, 25 August 2024 (UTC)
- Nah. We can discard a source without needing to meet your personal standard, which doesn't have any relation to Wikipedia's policies so far as I can tell. It is worth mentioning, though, that the SPLC (noted experts on racism) published an article that spends multiple paragraphs on this specific paper and how it shouldn't be used as a source. A sample quote:
- 'Highly regarded' went out the window when they had white supremacists on the editorial board. MrOllie (talk) 01:51, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- The criticism appears to be sourced to a journalistic piece in a progressive political magazine and another in a pop-sci magazine. 'Well-sourced commentary' such as this doesn't weigh heavily when it comes to a highly-regarded, peer-reviewed scientific journal. Elisha'o'Mine (talk) 01:42, 20 July 2024 (UTC)
- Please also read OpenPsych concerning the journal co-founded by Davide Piffer. NightHeron (talk) 23:57, 13 May 2024 (UTC)
I posted already on WP:FTN, but would like more eyes on the discussion to provide more perspectives.
Also I tried editing the article, to give it more substance, but this is not my area of expertise. Please feel free to clean it up anyway you want. Bluethricecreamman (talk) 05:20, 31 July 2024 (UTC)
Test scores
The Test Scores section has a paragraph discussing disparities in academic achievement and math test scores in the UK, but surely those are a less reliable measurement of intelligence than general mental ability (GMA) tests, such as those discussed here?[1] Is there any objection to replacing this paragraph with the results from this meta-analysis of GMA tests? Stonkaments (talk) 04:03, 3 August 2024 (UTC)
- There is no reason to remove the current text or the sources used, but feel free to suggest additional text sourced to [1] for discussion here to reach consensus. How to define intelligence and what's a less or more reliable way to measure it are controversial. Many believe that intelligence includes many disparate capacities and that there cannot be a numerical value that measures general intelligence.
- Note that the reliability of your source [1] is very questionable, since all three authors are closely associated with either Mankind Quarterly (see also Jan te Nijenhuis) or OpenPsych. NightHeron (talk) 06:39, 3 August 2024 (UTC)
References
Anyone around who can check recent edits for Richard Lynn?
[11] Thanks. Doug Weller talk 13:00, 13 December 2024 (UTC)
Genome-wide association study recent changes
Editors who follow this page will probably take an interest in recent edits over at Genome-wide association study. MrOllie (talk) 21:46, 8 January 2025 (UTC)
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