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{{Short description|Punjabi language revitalisation movement}} |
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{{Punjabis}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Punjabiyat''', meaning "Punjabiness",<ref>{{cite journal|last=Ayres|first=Alyssa|date=August 2008|title=Language, the Nation, and Symbolic Capital: The Case of Punjab|journal=The Journal of Asian Studies|publisher=The Association for Asian Studies, Inc.|volume=67|issue=3|pages=917–946|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=1956644&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S0021911808001204|doi=10.1017/s0021911808001204|s2cid=56127067 }}</ref> is a movement amongst [[Punjabis]] that supports closer links with their [[Punjabi culture|cultural traditions]] and lifestyle. It also supports [[language revitalization]] of [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Khurana |first=Jasbir Singh |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/847493566 |title=Punjabiyat: the cultural heritage and ethos of the people of Punjab |publisher=Hemkunt Publishers |year=2013 |isbn=9788170103950 |location=New Delhi, India |oclc=847493566}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kalra |first1=Virinder S |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1240306094 |title=Beyond religion in India and Pakistan: gender and caste, borders and boundaries |last2=Purewal |first2=Navtej Kaur |publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-350-26630-8 |location=London |pages=32 |language=en |oclc=1240306094}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Mir |first=Farina |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1005177574 |title=The social space of language: vernacular culture in British colonial Punjabi |publisher=[[University of California Press]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-520-26269-0 |location=Berkeley; Los Angeles; London |pages=193 |language=en |oclc=1005177574}}</ref> |
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== Aims and goals == |
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In [[Pakistan]], its goal is a better status of Punjabi language along with [[Urdu]] at state level.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ayres |first=Alyssa |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1025774985 |title=Speaking like a state: language and nationalism in Pakistan |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-521-51931-1 |location=Cambridge |pages=102 |language=en |oclc=1025774985}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jayal |first1=Niraja Gopal |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/548626393 |title=The Oxford companion to politics in India |last2=Mehta |first2=Pratap Bhanu |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-566976-3 |location=Oxford |pages=183 |language=en |oclc=548626393}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1967 |title=Indian journal of politics. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1680822 |journal=Indian Journal of Politics |language=en |volume=39-40 |pages=163 |issn=0303-9951 |oclc=1680822}}</ref> In |
In [[Pakistan]], its goal is a better status of Punjabi language along with [[Urdu]] at state level.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ayres |first=Alyssa |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1025774985 |title=Speaking like a state: language and nationalism in Pakistan |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-521-51931-1 |location=Cambridge |pages=102 |language=en |oclc=1025774985}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Jayal |first1=Niraja Gopal |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/548626393 |title=The Oxford companion to politics in India |last2=Mehta |first2=Pratap Bhanu |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-566976-3 |location=Oxford |pages=183 |language=en |oclc=548626393}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1967 |title=Indian journal of politics. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1680822 |journal=Indian Journal of Politics |language=en |volume=39-40 |pages=163 |issn=0303-9951 |oclc=1680822}}</ref> In India, its goal is to bring together the Sikh, Hindu and Muslim communities.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Silverman |first1=Helaine |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0072-2 |title=Intangible Heritage Embodied |last2=Ruggles |first2=D. Fairchild |publisher=Springer New York |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4419-0071-5 |location=New York, NY |pages=51 |doi=10.1007/978-1-4419-0072-2 |language=en |oclc=1012557811}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Tellis |first1=Ashley J |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1131478348 |title=Strategic Asia 2007-08: domestic political change and grand strategy |last2=Wills |first2=Michael |last3=Bisley |first3=Nick |publisher=National Bureau of Asian Research |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-9713938-8-2 |location=Seattle, WA; Washington D.C. |pages=188 |language=en |oclc=1131478348}}</ref> |
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The movement's supporters in the [[Punjabi diaspora]] focus on the promotion of a shared cultural heritage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apnaorg.com/articles/preetam-singh/|title=The idea of Punjabiyat|last=Singh|first=Pritam|publisher=Academy of the Punjab in North America|accessdate=16 December 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lawrence |first=Michael R |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1165396323 |title=Indian film stars: new critical perspectives |publisher=London BFI 2020 |year=2020 |isbn=978-1-84457-855-9 |pages=140 |language=en |oclc=1165396323}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Goh |first=Robbie B. H |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1009182992 |title=Protestant Christianity in the Indian diaspora: abjected identities, Evangelical relations, and Pentecostal visions |publisher=[[State University of New York Press]] |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-4384-6943-0 |location=Albany, NY |pages=180 |language=en |oclc=1009182992}}</ref> |
The movement's supporters in the [[Punjabi diaspora]] focus on the promotion of a shared cultural heritage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apnaorg.com/articles/preetam-singh/|title=The idea of Punjabiyat|last=Singh|first=Pritam|publisher=Academy of the Punjab in North America|accessdate=16 December 2011|archive-date=11 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011113208/http://apnaorg.com/articles/preetam-singh/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lawrence |first=Michael R |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1165396323 |title=Indian film stars: new critical perspectives |publisher=London BFI 2020 |year=2020 |isbn=978-1-84457-855-9 |pages=140 |language=en |oclc=1165396323}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Goh |first=Robbie B. H |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1009182992 |title=Protestant Christianity in the Indian diaspora: abjected identities, Evangelical relations, and Pentecostal visions |publisher=[[State University of New York Press]] |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-4384-6943-0 |location=Albany, NY |pages=180 |language=en |oclc=1009182992}}</ref> |
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== Link to Sikh nationalism == |
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Panjabiyat also has close links to [[Khalistan movement|Sikh |
Panjabiyat also has close links to [[Khalistan movement|Sikh nationalism]] due to the religious significance of [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and [[Gurmukhi]] script in [[Sikhism]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-28 |title=Gurmukhi Script: An artistic tradition that captures Punjab's soul and spirit |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/art-culture/gurmukhi-script-an-artistic-tradition-that-captures-punjabs-soul-and-spirit-101682667393078.html |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> With the advent of the notion of [[Devanagari]] script and [[Hindi]] or [[Sanskrit]] as a language associated with [[Hindu nationalism]] and [[Arya Samaj]] advancing the cause of [[Devanagari]] in the late 19th century, the cause of [[Gurmukhi]] was advanced by [[Singh Sabha Movement]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-18 |title=RSS and Sikhs: defining a religion, and how their relationship has evolved |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/rss-and-sikhs-defining-a-religion-and-how-their-relationship-has-evolved-6075272/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jones |first=Kenneth W. |date=1973 |title=Ham Hindu Nahin: Arya-Sikh Relations, 1877–1905 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2052684 |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=457–475 |doi=10.2307/2052684 |jstor=2052684 |s2cid=163885354 |issn=0021-9118}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Gupte |first=Pranay |date=1985-09-08 |title=THE PUNJAB: TORN BY TERROR |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/08/magazine/the-punjab-torn-by-terror.html |access-date=2023-05-14 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> This later culminated in [[Punjabi Suba movement|Punjabi Suba]] movement where [[Sikhs]] who mostly identified [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] as their mother tongue, while [[Hindus]] identifying with [[Hindi]] in the census, leading to [[Punjabi Suba movement|trifurcation of state]] on a linguistic basis in 1966 and the formation of a Sikh majority, Punjabi speaking state in India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-05-17 |title=How Punjab was won |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/how-punjab-was-won/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> During the [[Khalistan movement]], [[Kharku]]s were known to enforce Punjabi language, [[Gurmukhi]] script and traditional [[Punjabi clothing|Punjabi cultural dress]] in Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Militants tell villagers in Punjab to mention Punjabi as their mother tongue |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19910228-militants-tell-villagers-in-punjab-to-mention-punjabi-as-their-mother-tongue-814095-1991-02-27 |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|SGPC]] in its 1946 Sikh State resolution declared the [[Punjab]] region as the natural homeland of the Sikhs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-15 |title=SGPC's 1946 resolution on 'Sikh state': What Simranjit Singh Mann missed |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/sgpcs-1946-resolution-sikh-state-what-simranjit-singh-mann-missed-7918440/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Vasudeva |first=Vikas |date=2022-05-12 |title=SGPC urged to support pro-Khalistan resolution |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/sgpc-urged-to-support-pro-khalistan-resolution/article65408126.ece |access-date=2023-05-14 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[Anandpur Sahib Resolution]] also links [[Sikhism]] to [[Punjab]] as a [[Khalistan movement|Sikh homeland]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-16 |title=Anandpur Sahib Resolution 1973 – JournalsOfIndia |url=https://journalsofindia.com/anandpur-sahib-resolution-1973/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Punjabi language topics}} |
{{Punjabi language topics}} |
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[[Category:Punjab]] |
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[[Category:Punjab, Pakistan]] |
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[[Category:Punjabi culture]] |
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[[Category:Punjabi language]] |
[[Category:Punjabi language]] |
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[[Category:Punjabi nationalism]] |
[[Category:Punjabi nationalism]] |
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{{IndoAryan-lang-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 11:54, 12 December 2024
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Punjabiyat, meaning "Punjabiness",[1] is a movement amongst Punjabis that supports closer links with their cultural traditions and lifestyle. It also supports language revitalization of Punjabi.[2][3][4]
Aims and goals
[edit]In Pakistan, its goal is a better status of Punjabi language along with Urdu at state level.[5][6][7] In India, its goal is to bring together the Sikh, Hindu and Muslim communities.[8][9]
The movement's supporters in the Punjabi diaspora focus on the promotion of a shared cultural heritage.[10][11][12]
Link to Sikh nationalism
[edit]Panjabiyat also has close links to Sikh nationalism due to the religious significance of Punjabi and Gurmukhi script in Sikhism.[13] With the advent of the notion of Devanagari script and Hindi or Sanskrit as a language associated with Hindu nationalism and Arya Samaj advancing the cause of Devanagari in the late 19th century, the cause of Gurmukhi was advanced by Singh Sabha Movement.[14][15][16] This later culminated in Punjabi Suba movement where Sikhs who mostly identified Punjabi as their mother tongue, while Hindus identifying with Hindi in the census, leading to trifurcation of state on a linguistic basis in 1966 and the formation of a Sikh majority, Punjabi speaking state in India.[17] During the Khalistan movement, Kharkus were known to enforce Punjabi language, Gurmukhi script and traditional Punjabi cultural dress in Punjab.[18] SGPC in its 1946 Sikh State resolution declared the Punjab region as the natural homeland of the Sikhs.[19][20] Anandpur Sahib Resolution also links Sikhism to Punjab as a Sikh homeland.[21]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Ayres, Alyssa (August 2008). "Language, the Nation, and Symbolic Capital: The Case of Punjab". The Journal of Asian Studies. 67 (3). The Association for Asian Studies, Inc.: 917–946. doi:10.1017/s0021911808001204. S2CID 56127067.
- ^ Khurana, Jasbir Singh (2013). Punjabiyat: the cultural heritage and ethos of the people of Punjab. New Delhi, India: Hemkunt Publishers. ISBN 9788170103950. OCLC 847493566.
- ^ Kalra, Virinder S; Purewal, Navtej Kaur (2021). Beyond religion in India and Pakistan: gender and caste, borders and boundaries. London: Bloomsbury Academic. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-350-26630-8. OCLC 1240306094.
- ^ Mir, Farina (2010). The social space of language: vernacular culture in British colonial Punjabi. Berkeley; Los Angeles; London: University of California Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-520-26269-0. OCLC 1005177574.
- ^ Ayres, Alyssa (2009). Speaking like a state: language and nationalism in Pakistan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-521-51931-1. OCLC 1025774985.
- ^ Jayal, Niraja Gopal; Mehta, Pratap Bhanu (2010). The Oxford companion to politics in India. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-19-566976-3. OCLC 548626393.
- ^ "Indian journal of politics". Indian Journal of Politics. 39–40: 163. 1967. ISSN 0303-9951. OCLC 1680822.
- ^ Silverman, Helaine; Ruggles, D. Fairchild (2009). Intangible Heritage Embodied. New York, NY: Springer New York. p. 51. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0072-2. ISBN 978-1-4419-0071-5. OCLC 1012557811.
- ^ Tellis, Ashley J; Wills, Michael; Bisley, Nick (2007). Strategic Asia 2007-08: domestic political change and grand strategy. Seattle, WA; Washington D.C.: National Bureau of Asian Research. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-9713938-8-2. OCLC 1131478348.
- ^ Singh, Pritam. "The idea of Punjabiyat". Academy of the Punjab in North America. Archived from the original on 11 October 2011. Retrieved 16 December 2011.
- ^ Lawrence, Michael R (2020). Indian film stars: new critical perspectives. London BFI 2020. p. 140. ISBN 978-1-84457-855-9. OCLC 1165396323.
- ^ Goh, Robbie B. H (2018). Protestant Christianity in the Indian diaspora: abjected identities, Evangelical relations, and Pentecostal visions. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-1-4384-6943-0. OCLC 1009182992.
- ^ "Gurmukhi Script: An artistic tradition that captures Punjab's soul and spirit". Hindustan Times. 2023-04-28. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ "RSS and Sikhs: defining a religion, and how their relationship has evolved". The Indian Express. 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ Jones, Kenneth W. (1973). "Ham Hindu Nahin: Arya-Sikh Relations, 1877–1905". The Journal of Asian Studies. 32 (3): 457–475. doi:10.2307/2052684. ISSN 0021-9118. JSTOR 2052684. S2CID 163885354.
- ^ Gupte, Pranay (1985-09-08). "THE PUNJAB: TORN BY TERROR". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ "How Punjab was won". The Indian Express. 2010-05-17. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ "Militants tell villagers in Punjab to mention Punjabi as their mother tongue". India Today. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ "SGPC's 1946 resolution on 'Sikh state': What Simranjit Singh Mann missed". The Indian Express. 2022-05-15. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ Vasudeva, Vikas (2022-05-12). "SGPC urged to support pro-Khalistan resolution". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
- ^ "Anandpur Sahib Resolution 1973 – JournalsOfIndia". 2021-02-16. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
Sources
[edit]- Jolly, Schona (March 1, 2011). "Bringing Punjabiyat Back". The Caravan. Archived from the original on 2011-03-04. Retrieved 16 December 2011.