Stylobate: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Base of a Greek temple's colonnades}} |
{{Short description|Base of a Greek temple's colonnades}} |
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[[File:Stylobate-stereobate-crepidoma.svg|thumb|upright=2.0]] |
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[[Image:Segesta-bjs-5.jpg|thumb|right|Triple-stepped [[crepidoma]] with stylobate at top, in the [[Doric order|Doric]] Temple of [[Segesta]], [[Sicily]]]] |
[[Image:Segesta-bjs-5.jpg|thumb|right|Triple-stepped [[crepidoma]] with stylobate at top, in the [[Doric order|Doric]] Temple of [[Segesta]], [[Sicily]]]] |
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[[File:MaisonCarrée.jpeg|right|thumb|The Roman [[Maison Carrée]], [[Nîmes]], illustrating the Roman version of a stylobate.]] |
[[File:MaisonCarrée.jpeg|right|thumb|The Roman [[Maison Carrée]], [[Nîmes]], illustrating the Roman version of a stylobate.]] |
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[[File:ARCHITECTURE ORDERS Greeks Etruscan Roman (Doric Ionic Corinthian Tuscan Composite) by Paolo Villa ENG edition.pdf|thumb|Use stylobate compared with [[Doric order|Doric]], [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]], [[Ionic order|Ionic]], [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] and [[Composite order|Composite]] orders]] |
[[File:ARCHITECTURE ORDERS Greeks Etruscan Roman (Doric Ionic Corinthian Tuscan Composite) by Paolo Villa ENG edition.pdf|thumb|Use stylobate compared with [[Doric order|Doric]], [[Tuscan order|Tuscan]], [[Ionic order|Ionic]], [[Corinthian order|Corinthian]] and [[Composite order|Composite]] orders]] |
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In [[Architecture of Ancient Greece|classical Greek architecture]], a '''stylobate''' ({{ |
In [[Architecture of Ancient Greece|classical Greek architecture]], a '''stylobate''' ({{langx|el|στυλοβάτης}}) is the top step of the [[crepidoma]]{{r|ofda}}, the stepped platform upon which [[colonnade]]s of temple columns are placed (it is the floor of the temple).{{Sfn|Curl|2006|p=751}} The platform was built on a leveling course that flattened out the ground immediately beneath the temple. |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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The term ''stylobate'' comes from the [[Ancient Greek]] στυλοβάτης, consisting of στῦλος stylos, "column", and |
The term ''stylobate'' comes from the [[Ancient Greek]] {{lang|grc|[[wikt:στυλοβάτης|στυλοβάτης]]}}, consisting of {{lang|grc|[[wikt:στῦλος|στῦλος]]}} (stylos), "column", and {{lang|grc|[[wikt:βαίνω|βαίνειν]]}} (bainein), "to stride, walk".<ref> |
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{{cite encyclopedia |
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| access-date = 2024-11-11 |
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| encyclopedia = Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary |
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| publisher = Merriam-Webster |
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| title = Stylobate |
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| url = https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stylobate |
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}} |
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</ref> |
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==Terminology== |
==Terminology== |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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{{Reflist |
{{Reflist|refs= |
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<ref name="ofda"> |
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{{cite encyclopedia |
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| access-date = 2014-11-15 |
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| encyclopedia = The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture |
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| publisher = Oxford University Press |
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| title = stylobate |
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| url = https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191918742.001.0001/acref-9780191918742-e-4530. |
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| year = 2021 |
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}} |
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</ref> |
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}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*{{Cite book |last1=Conway |first1=Hazel |last2=Roenisch |first2=Rowan |url=https://www.academia.edu/35385051 |title=Understanding Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=2006}} |
*{{Cite book |last1=Conway |first1=Hazel |last2=Roenisch |first2=Rowan |url=https://www.academia.edu/35385051 |title=Understanding Architecture |publisher=Routledge |year=2006}} |
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*{{Cite book |last=Curl |first= James Stevens |url={{GBurl|jIWr0IO9dYIC|p=751}} |chapter=Stylobate |title=A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2006}} |
*{{Cite book |last=Curl |first= James Stevens |url={{GBurl|jIWr0IO9dYIC|p=751}} |chapter=Stylobate |title=A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2006}} |
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*{{Cite book|last=Lord|first=John|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6839|title=The Old Roman World|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2004 | |
*{{Cite book|last=Lord|first=John|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6839|title=The Old Roman World|publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year=2004 |orig-date=first published 1867}} |
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Latest revision as of 07:43, 19 November 2024
In classical Greek architecture, a stylobate (Greek: στυλοβάτης) is the top step of the crepidoma[1], the stepped platform upon which colonnades of temple columns are placed (it is the floor of the temple).[2] The platform was built on a leveling course that flattened out the ground immediately beneath the temple.
Etymology
[edit]The term stylobate comes from the Ancient Greek στυλοβάτης, consisting of στῦλος (stylos), "column", and βαίνειν (bainein), "to stride, walk".[3]
Terminology
[edit]Some methodologies use the word stylobate to describe only the topmost step of the temple's base, while stereobate is used to describe the remaining steps of the platform beneath the stylobate and just above the leveling course. Others, like John Lord,[4] use the term to refer to the entire platform.
Architectural use
[edit]The stylobate was often designed to relate closely to the dimensions of other elements of the temple. In Greek Doric temples, the length and width of the stylobate were related, and in some early Doric temples the column height was one third the width of the stylobate.[5] The Romans, following Etruscan architectural tradition, took a different approach in using a much higher stylobate that typically had steps only in the front, leading to the portico.[4]
In modern architecture the stylobate is the upper part of the stepped basement of the building, or the common basement floor, combining several buildings. Today, stylobates are popular in use in the construction of high-rise buildings.
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ "stylobate". The Oxford Dictionary of Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2021. Retrieved 2014-11-15.
- ^ Curl 2006, p. 751.
- ^ "Stylobate". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 2024-11-11.
- ^ a b Lord 2004.
- ^ Conway & Roenisch 2006, p. 65.
References
[edit]- Conway, Hazel; Roenisch, Rowan (2006). Understanding Architecture. Routledge.
- Curl, James Stevens (2006). "Stylobate". A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. Oxford University Press.
- Lord, John (2004) [first published 1867]. The Old Roman World. Kessinger Publishing.