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{{Short description|Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period}}
{{Refimprove|date=January 2008}}
{{Refimprove|date=January 2008}}
{{japanese name|Maeda}}
{{family name hatnote|Maeda|lang=Japanese}}{{Infobox military person
| name = Maeda Toshimasu
⚫
[[Image:Maeda Keijirō.jpg|thumb|An [[ukiyo-e]] print of Maeda Keijirō, by [[Utagawa Yoshiiku]], 19th century.]]
| image = Maeda Keijirō.jpg
⚫
{{nihongo|'''Maeda Toshimasu'''|前田 利益||{{circa|1543}} – 1612}}, better known as '''{{nihongo|Maeda Keiji|前田慶次}}''' or '''Keijirō''' (慶次郎), was a Japanese [[samurai]] of the [[Sengoku period]] through early [[Edo period]].
⚫
| caption = An [[ukiyo-e]] print of Maeda Keijirō, by [[Utagawa Yoshiiku]], 19th Century.
| native_name = 前田利益
| other_name = Maeda Keiji (前田慶次),
Keijirō (慶次郎)
| birth_date = c. 1543
| death_date = 1612
| placeofburial = [[Dōmori Zenkō-ji]], [[Yonezawa]], [[Yamagata Prefecture|Yamagata]]
| relations = [[Takigawa Kazumasu]] (father)
| allegiance = [[File:Japanese_crest_Kaga_Umebachi.svg|15px]] [[Maeda clan]]<br>[[File:Mon-Oda.png|15px]] [[Oda clan]]<br>[[File:Goshichi_no_kiri_inverted.svg|15px]] [[Toyotomi clan]]<br>[[File:Japanese_Crest_Uesugi_Sasa.svg|15px]] [[Uesugi clan]]<br>[[File:大一大万大吉.svg|15px]] [[Battle of Sekigahara|Western Army]]
|battles = [[Battle of Komaki and Nagakute]] (1584)<br>[[Siege of Suemori]] (1584)<br>[[Siege of Odawara (1590)]]<br>[[Siege of Hasedō]] (1600)
}}
⚫
{{nihongo|'''Maeda Toshimasu'''|前田 利益||{{circa|1543}} – 1612}}, better known as '''{{nihongo|Maeda Keiji|前田 慶次}}''' or '''Keijirō''' (慶次郎), was a Japanese [[Samurai|samurai lord]] of the [[Sengoku period]] through early [[Edo period]]. He was the nephew of [[Maeda Toshiie]] and [[Maeda Matsu]]. In legends and fictions, he is one of the most celebrated ''[[kabukimono]]'' (samurai gangster) of the time period who is known for his monstrous height and his peerless strength. Toshimasu's horse and companion, Matsukaze, was one of the most famous warhorses in Japan.


==Biography==
==Biography==
Toshimasu was born in the village of Arako (present-day [[Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya]]), Toshimasu was born to the Takigawa Clan, originally the son of [[Takigawa Kazumasu]]. He was adopted by Maeda Toshihisa, the older brother of [[Maeda Toshiie]]. Toshimasu served under [[Oda Nobunaga]] along with his uncle. Toshimasu was originally intended to inherit Maeda family headship; however, after [[Oda Nobunaga]] replaced Toshihisa with Toshiie as Maeda family head, he lost this position. Perhaps because of this loss of inheritance, Toshimasu is well known for quarreling with his uncle.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}
In 1543, Toshimasu was born in the village of Arako (present-day [[Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya]]), Toshimasu was born to the Takigawa Clan, originally the son of [[Takigawa Kazumasu]]. He was adopted by Maeda Toshihisa, the older brother of [[Maeda Toshiie]]. Toshimasu served under [[Oda Nobunaga]] along with his uncle. Toshimasu was originally intended to inherit Maeda family headship; however, after [[Oda Nobunaga]] replaced Toshihisa with Toshiie as Maeda family head, he lost this position. Perhaps because of this loss of inheritance, Toshimasu is well known for quarreling with his uncle.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}}

In 1581, Toshimasu was under the command of his uncle, and made a reputation for himself through conflicts within [[Noto Province]] and was rewarded with 5,000 koku. During the [[Battle of Komaki and Nagakute]] three years later, Toshimasu went to [[Sassa Narimasa]]'s rescue when he was attacked at [[Siege of Suemori]]. While in [[Kyoto]], Toshimasu met and befriended [[Naoe Kanetsugu]]. The two became close friends, and Toshimasu agreed to join Kanetsugu at Sekigahara Campaign, in the Uesugi clan's invasion of [[Aizu]], later in 1600, at [[Siege of Hasedō]] Uesugi failed and Toshimasu was appointed to lead the rear guard during the retreat. Riding his horse "Matsukaze" into battle and brandishing a two-pronged spear, he made a splendid show of force. Due in part to Toshimasu's actions, the Uesugi forces were able to retreat largely intact.

⚫
After this, Toshimasu returned to the capital and devoted himself to arts and literature. Keiji was barred from [[Toyotomi clan|Toyotomi's]] Kyushu campaign for his wild ways. When the [[Tokugawa clan|Tokugawa]] challenged the [[Uesugi]] in 1600, he once again fought with Uesugi’s army. In the battle against the [[Mogami clan|Mogami]], legend says he broke through the enemy lines with only eight riders, and shattered their formation.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} After the Uesugi clan's move to the [[Yonezawa Domain]], Toshimasu remained as a retainer and spent half retired life at [[Mukuan]](Toshimasu`s fortified residence).<ref name="Yonezawa"/>


[[Image:Gomai-Do Armor by MAEDA Keiji.jpg|thumb|Toshimasu Maeda's armor]]
[[Image:Gomai-Do Armor by MAEDA Keiji.jpg|thumb|Toshimasu Maeda's armor]]


Keiji's armor can still be seen today at the Miyasaka Museum.<ref name="Yonezawa">{{cite web|url=https://yonezawa-kankou-navi.com/person/keiji.html |title=前田慶次|publisher=米沢観光ナビ|language=Japanese|accessdate=23 August 2019}}</ref>
Keiji's armor can still be seen today at the Miyasaka Museum.<ref name="Yonezawa">{{cite web|url=https://yonezawa-kankou-navi.com/person/keiji.html |title=前田慶次|publisher=米沢観光ナビ|language=Japanese|accessdate=23 August 2019}}</ref>

In 1581, Toshimasu was under the command of his uncle, and made a reputation for himself through conflicts within [[Noto Province]] and was rewarded with 5,000 koku.

In 1584, during the [[Battle of Komaki and Nagakute]], Toshimasu came with [[Maeda Toshiie]]'s to rescue [[Siege of Suemori|Suemori Castle]] when was attacked by [[Sassa Narimasa]].

When Maeda Toshihisa died in 1587, Toshimasu sent his son into the Maeda family's service. Keiji was barred from [[Toyotomi clan|Toyotomi's]] [[Kyushu Campaign]] for his wild ways.

In 1590, he continued to help his uncle in the [[Siege of Odawara (1590)|Odawara campaign]]. After Odawara campaign, Toshimasu returned to the capital and devoted himself to arts and literature. Either after Toshihisa's death or in 1590, relations between him and Toshiie grew sour. He fled from the Maeda family without taking his wife or child. After his escape, he resided in Kyoto. While in [[Kyoto]], Toshimasu met and befriended [[Naoe Kanetsugu]] from [[Uesugi clan]]. The two became close friends, and Toshimasu agreed to join Kanetsugu at Sekigahara Campaign, in the Uesugi clan's invasion of [[Aizu]].

⚫
Later in 1600, at [[Siege of Hasedō]] against [[Mogami clan]] and [[Date clan]]. He was center garrison of Uesugi forces, after Uesugi failed, Toshimasu was appointed to lead the rear guard during the retreat. Riding his horse "Matsukaze" into battle and brandishing a two-pronged spear, he made a splendid show of force. Due in part to Toshimasu's actions, the Uesugi forces were able to retreat largely intact. Legend says he broke through the enemy lines with only eight riders, and shattered their formation.{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} After the Uesugi clan's move to the [[Yonezawa Domain]], Toshimasu remained as a retainer and spent half retired life at [[Mukuan]] (Toshimasu`s fortified residence).<ref name="Yonezawa"/>


==Matsukaze==
==Matsukaze==
Line 21: Line 40:


== Depictions in fiction ==
== Depictions in fiction ==
{{see|People of the Sengoku period in popular culture#Mazda Hiroshima}}
{{see|People of the Sengoku period in popular culture#Maeda Toshimasu}}


Toshimasu is a playable character from the Western Army in the original ''[[Kessen]]'' and in the ''[[Samurai Warriors]]'', ''[[Warriors Orochi]]'' under the name Keiji.
Toshimasu is a playable character from the Western Army in the original ''[[Kessen]]'' and in ''[[Samurai Warriors]]'' and ''[[Warriors Orochi]]'' under the name Keiji.


He is also playable in ''[[Sengoku Basara|Sengoku BASARA]]'' series, as Maeda Keiji. Keiji is voiced by [[Masakazu Morita]] in Japanese. In English, [[Matthew Mercer]] voiced Toshimasu in ''[[Sengoku Basara: Samurai Heroes]]'' while [[Eric Vale]] voiced him in the anime adaptions.
He is also playable in the ''[[Sengoku Basara]]'' series, as Maeda Keiji.


He is a playable character in ''[[Pokémon Conquest]]'' (Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition in Japan), with his partner [[Pokémon]] being [[Bastiodon]] and [[Terrakion]].<ref name="Pokémon">{{cite web |url=http://www.pokemonconquest.com/en-us/character/keiji |title=Keiji + Bastiodon - Pokemon Conquest characters|accessdate=2012-06-17}}</ref>
He is a playable character in ''[[Pokémon Conquest]]'' (Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition in Japan), with his partner [[Pokémon]] being [[Bastiodon]] and [[Terrakion]].<ref name="Pokémon">{{cite web |url=http://www.pokemonconquest.com/en-us/character/keiji |title=Keiji + Bastiodon - Pokemon Conquest characters|accessdate=2012-06-17}}</ref>


In 2015, [[Tatsuya Fuji]] played Keiji in the [[jidaigeki]] drama [[Kabukimono Keiji]].
In 2015, [[Tatsuya Fuji]] played the role of Toshimasu in the [[jidaigeki]] drama [[Kabukimono Keiji]].


==External links==
==External links==
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[[Category:Maeda clan]]
[[Category:Maeda clan]]
[[Category:Uesugi retainers]]
[[Category:Uesugi retainers]]
[[Category:1543 births]]
[[Category:1540s births]]
[[Category:Warhorses]]<!-- for Matsukaze -->

Latest revision as of 15:15, 11 November 2024

In this Japanese name, the surname is Maeda.
Maeda Toshimasu
An ukiyo-e print of Maeda Keijirō, by Utagawa Yoshiiku, 19th Century.
Native name
前田利益
Other name(s)Maeda Keiji (前田慶次), Keijirō (慶次郎)
Bornc. 1543
Died1612
Buried
Dōmori Zenkō-ji, Yonezawa, Yamagata
Allegiance Maeda clan
Oda clan
Toyotomi clan
Uesugi clan
Western Army
Battles / warsBattle of Komaki and Nagakute (1584)
Siege of Suemori (1584)
Siege of Odawara (1590)
Siege of Hasedō (1600)
RelationsTakigawa Kazumasu (father)

Maeda Toshimasu (前田 利益, c. 1543 – 1612), better known as Maeda Keiji (前田 慶次) or Keijirō (慶次郎), was a Japanese samurai lord of the Sengoku period through early Edo period. He was the nephew of Maeda Toshiie and Maeda Matsu. In legends and fictions, he is one of the most celebrated kabukimono (samurai gangster) of the time period who is known for his monstrous height and his peerless strength. Toshimasu's horse and companion, Matsukaze, was one of the most famous warhorses in Japan.

Biography

[edit]

In 1543, Toshimasu was born in the village of Arako (present-day Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya), Toshimasu was born to the Takigawa Clan, originally the son of Takigawa Kazumasu. He was adopted by Maeda Toshihisa, the older brother of Maeda Toshiie. Toshimasu served under Oda Nobunaga along with his uncle. Toshimasu was originally intended to inherit Maeda family headship; however, after Oda Nobunaga replaced Toshihisa with Toshiie as Maeda family head, he lost this position. Perhaps because of this loss of inheritance, Toshimasu is well known for quarreling with his uncle.[citation needed]

Toshimasu Maeda's armor

Keiji's armor can still be seen today at the Miyasaka Museum.[1]

In 1581, Toshimasu was under the command of his uncle, and made a reputation for himself through conflicts within Noto Province and was rewarded with 5,000 koku.

In 1584, during the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, Toshimasu came with Maeda Toshiie's to rescue Suemori Castle when was attacked by Sassa Narimasa.

When Maeda Toshihisa died in 1587, Toshimasu sent his son into the Maeda family's service. Keiji was barred from Toyotomi's Kyushu Campaign for his wild ways.

In 1590, he continued to help his uncle in the Odawara campaign. After Odawara campaign, Toshimasu returned to the capital and devoted himself to arts and literature. Either after Toshihisa's death or in 1590, relations between him and Toshiie grew sour. He fled from the Maeda family without taking his wife or child. After his escape, he resided in Kyoto. While in Kyoto, Toshimasu met and befriended Naoe Kanetsugu from Uesugi clan. The two became close friends, and Toshimasu agreed to join Kanetsugu at Sekigahara Campaign, in the Uesugi clan's invasion of Aizu.

Later in 1600, at Siege of Hasedō against Mogami clan and Date clan. He was center garrison of Uesugi forces, after Uesugi failed, Toshimasu was appointed to lead the rear guard during the retreat. Riding his horse "Matsukaze" into battle and brandishing a two-pronged spear, he made a splendid show of force. Due in part to Toshimasu's actions, the Uesugi forces were able to retreat largely intact. Legend says he broke through the enemy lines with only eight riders, and shattered their formation.[citation needed] After the Uesugi clan's move to the Yonezawa Domain, Toshimasu remained as a retainer and spent half retired life at Mukuan (Toshimasu`s fortified residence).[1]

Matsukaze

[edit]

Matsukaze ("wind in the pines") was Toshimasu's famous mount. According to the legend, he was bred of only the finest horses, but he refused to let anyone ride him and eventually ran away. Toshimasu managed to tame the wild horse, possibly due to Toshimasu's own wild personality. Since then, the two were never seen apart.

Matsukaze was said to be a horse of immense strength, able to carry his master's large frame for days. Supposedly, Matsukaze ran away after his master's death, never seen again.

Depictions in fiction

[edit]
Further information: People of the Sengoku period in popular culture § Maeda Toshimasu

Toshimasu is a playable character from the Western Army in the original Kessen and in Samurai Warriors and Warriors Orochi under the name Keiji.

He is also playable in the Sengoku Basara series, as Maeda Keiji.

He is a playable character in Pokémon Conquest (Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition in Japan), with his partner Pokémon being Bastiodon and Terrakion.[2]

In 2015, Tatsuya Fuji played the role of Toshimasu in the jidaigeki drama Kabukimono Keiji.

[edit]

[3] [4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "前田慶次" (in Japanese). 米沢観光ナビ. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  2. ^ "Keiji + Bastiodon - Pokemon Conquest characters". Retrieved 2012-06-17.
  3. ^ Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo early modern chronology database "Kaga historical materials" P930-943
  4. ^ Domori Zenkoji


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