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{{Short description|Islamic political party in Iran}}
{{Infobox Political Party
{{Infobox political party
| name = Islamic Iran Participation Front
| name = Islamic Iran Participation Front
| native_name = جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی
| native_name = جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی
| native_name_lang = fa
| native_name_lang = fa
| colorcode = #039
| colorcode = #039
|logo = Islamic Iran Participation Front emblem.png
| party_logo = [[Image:IIPFLogo.jpg|195 px]]
|logo_size = 195px
| general_secretary = [[Mohsen Mirdamadi]]
| general_secretary = [[Mohsen Mirdamadi]]
| spokesperson = Hossein Kashefi
| spokesperson = Hossein Kashefi
| slogan = ''Iran for all Iranians''
| slogan = ''Iran for all Iranians''
| foundation = {{start date|1998|12|5}}<ref name="Baqir al-Ulum">{{cite web|language=fa|url=http://www.pajoohe.com/fa/index.php?Page=definition&UID=43083|title=Islamic Iran Participation Front|publisher=Baqir al-Ulum Research Center|accessdate=21 August 2015|author=Mohammad Ali Zandi}}</ref>
| foundation = {{start date and age|1998|12|5}}<ref name="Baqir al-Ulum">{{cite web|language=fa|url=http://www.pajoohe.com/fa/index.php?Page=definition&UID=43083|title=Islamic Iran Participation Front|publisher=Baqir al-Ulum Research Center|access-date=21 August 2015|author=Mohammad Ali Zandi}}</ref>
| legalised = {{start date|1999|2|19}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parstimes.com/politics/legally_registered_parties.html|work=Khorasan Newspaper|title=List of Legally Registerred Parties in Iran|publisher=Pars Times|accessdate=21 August 2015|number=14759|page=4|date=July 30, 2000}}</ref>
| legalised = {{start date and age|1999|2|19}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parstimes.com/politics/legally_registered_parties.html|work=Khorasan Newspaper|title=List of Legally Registered Parties in Iran|publisher=Pars Times|access-date=21 August 2015|number=14759|page=4|date=July 30, 2000}}</ref>
| banned = April 2010
| headquarters = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| headquarters = [[Tehran]], [[Iran]]
| national = [[Council for coordinating the Reforms Front]]
| national = [[Council for coordinating the Reforms Front]]
| continental = [[International Conference of Asian Political Parties]] (ICAPP)<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.theicapp.org/download.php?filename=icapp_new%2Fcontent%2F13184840351.pdf&ori_fn=ICAPP-4GA-002.pdf|title=The 4 th General Assembly of the International Conference of Asian Political parties: List of Participating Political Parties and Observers|work=International Conference of Asian Political Parties|date=7 September 2006|access-date=4 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801235440/http://www.theicapp.org/download.php?filename=icapp_new%2Fcontent%2F13184840351.pdf&ori_fn=ICAPP-4GA-002.pdf|archive-date=1 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| religion = [[Islam]]
| religion = [[Islam]]
| international = ''None''
| country = Iran
| country = Iran
| newspaper = ''[[Mosharekat]]'' <small>(Official)</small><br><small>Unofficial:</small><br>''[[Eqbal]]''<br>''[[Sobh-e Emrooz]]''<br>''[[Jame'e]]''<br>''[[Toos (newspaper)|Toos]]''<br>''[[Neshat]]''<br>''[[Khordad (newspaper)|Khordad]]''
| newspaper = ''[[Mosharekat]]'' <small>(Official)</small><br /><small>Unofficial:</small><br />''[[Eqbal]]''<br />''[[Sobh-e Emrooz]]''<br />''[[Jame'e]]''<br />''[[Toos (newspaper)|Toos]]''<br />''[[Neshat]]''<br />''[[Khordad (newspaper)|Khordad]]''
| ideology = [[Big tent|Catch-all]]<ref name="Ariabarzan">{{cite thesis |last=Mohammadighalehtaki|first=Ariabarzan|date=2012|title=Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat)|type=Ph.D. thesis|publisher=[[Durham University]]|url=http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3507/}}</ref><br>[[Reformism]]<br>[[Islamic democracy]]<ref name=idp/><br>[[Islamic liberalism]]<ref name=idp/>
| ideology = [[Reformism]]<br />[[Islamic democracy]]<ref name=idp/><br />[[Islamic liberalism]]<ref name=idp/>
| position = [[Big tent]]<ref name="Ariabarzan">{{cite thesis |last=Mohammadighalehtaki|first=Ariabarzan|date=2012|title=Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat)|type=Ph.D. thesis|publisher=[[Durham University]]|url=http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3507/}}</ref>
| blank1_title = Spiritual successor
| dissolved = 2009 (banned)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irna.ir/en/News/81728525/|title=New reformist party meets|date=21 August 2015|publisher=[[Islamic Republic News Agency]]|accessdate=21 August 2015}}</ref>
| blank1 = [[Union of Islamic Iran People Party]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/iran-blog/2015/oct/07/how-irans-beleaguered-reformist-party-has-been-reincarnated-once-again|title=How Iran's beleaguered reformist party has been reincarnated once again|date=7 October 2015|publisher=The Guardian|work=Tehran Bureau|access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref>
| successor = [[Union of Islamic Iran People Party]]<ref>{{cite web|language=fa|url=http://www.bbc.com/persian/iran/2015/05/150502_l12_iran_reformist_party_majlis10th|title=نارضایتی محافظه کاران در ایران از تشکیل یک 'حزب اصلاح طلب' جدید|work=[[BBC Persian]]|accessdate=21 August 2015}}</ref>
}}
}}
The '''Islamic Iran Participation Front''' ({{lang-fa|جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی}}; ''Jebheye Mosharekate Iran-e Eslaami'') is a [[Iranian reform movement|reformist]] political [[party]] in [[Iran]]. It is sometimes described as the most dominant member within the [[2nd of Khordad Front]].<ref>[http://www.netnative.com/news/01/jan/1051.html 1/9/2001 2nd Khordad Front must ponder over every aspect of their actions: daily] ''Net Native''</ref>
The '''Islamic Iran Participation Front''' ({{langx|fa|جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی}}; ''Jebheye Mosharekate Iran-e Eslaami'') was a [[Iranian reform movement|reformist]] political [[party]] in [[Iran]]. It was sometimes described as the most dominant member within the [[Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front|2nd of Khordad Front]].<ref>[http://www.netnative.com/news/01/jan/1051.html 1/9/2001 2nd Khordad Front must ponder over every aspect of their actions: daily] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194246/http://www.netnative.com/news/01/jan/1051.html |date=2016-03-03 }} ''Net Native''</ref>

The party took 189 of the 290 seats (65%) in the Sixth [[Islamic Consultative Assembly|Majlis]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Women and Political Leadership in an Authoritarian Context: A Case Study of the Sixth Parliament in the Islamic Republic of Iran|url=http://www.womanstats.org/research_articles/MoghadamPoliticsAndGender.pdf|author=Valentine M. Moghadam, Fatemeh Haghighatjoo|journal=Politics & Gender|publisher=The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association|volume=12|issue=1|pages=168–197|date=March 2016|doi=10.1017/S1743923X15000598|s2cid=147214983}}</ref>

In the aftermath of the [[2009–2010 Iranian election protests|Green Movement protests]], its license was revoked and the party was subsequently barred from contesting elections.<ref>{{citation|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/11/04/175366.html|title=Iran bans three reformist parties from participating in upcoming polls|work=Al Arabiya|access-date=11 August 2022|author=Najah Mohammad Ali|date=4 November 2011}}</ref>


==History and profile==
==History and profile==
Founded in late 1998,<ref>{{cite web|title=Jebheh-ye Mosharekat-e Iran-e Islami|url=http://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/iipfprofile.pdf|publisher=Syracuse University|accessdate=10 May 2016}}</ref> the main motto of the IIPF is "Iran for all Iranians" (ایران برای همه ایرانیان in Persian).<ref name=idp/> While still backing [[Islam]], the [[state religion]] of Iran, the party is among the evangelizers of [[democracy]] in Iran. It was led by former [[Secretary-General]] of the party, [[Mohammad Reza Khatami]] (the brother of [[Mohammad Khatami]], the fifth [[President of Iran]]) before the election of [[Mohsen Mirdamadi]] as new [[Secretary-General]] in 9th congress.
Founded in late 1998,<ref>{{cite web|title=Jebheh-ye Mosharekat-e Iran-e Islami|url=http://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/iipfprofile.pdf|publisher=Syracuse University|access-date=10 May 2016}}</ref> the main motto of the IIPF is "Iran for all Iranians" ({{langx|fa|ایران برای همه ایرانیان}}).<ref name=idp/> While still backing [[Islam]], the [[state religion]] of Iran, the party is among the evangelizers of [[democracy]] in Iran. Some members of the front however belong to different factions and ideologies, as described by [[Saeed Hajjarian]] it is "''the party of between the two Abbas''" ({{langx|fa|حزب بین‌العباسین}}, referring to the gap between right-winger [[Abbas Duzduzani]] and left-winger [[Abbas Abdi]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aftabir.com/articles/view/politics/iran/c1c1180452388_iran_p1.php/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8-%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA |title=اصلاح طلب کیست, اصلاح طلبی چیست |access-date=2016-09-18 |archive-date=2016-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927094746/http://www.aftabir.com/articles/view/politics/iran/c1c1180452388_iran_p1.php/%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%da%a9%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad-%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8%db%8c-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa |url-status=dead }}</ref>


It was led by former [[Secretary-General]] of the party, [[Mohammad Reza Khatami]] (the brother of [[Mohammad Khatami]], the fifth [[President of Iran]]) before the election of [[Mohsen Mirdamadi]] as new [[Secretary-General]] in 9th congress.
In 2004, Mohammad Reza Khatami, along with other prominent members such as [[Elaheh Koulaei]], [[Mohsen Mirdamadi]], and [[Ali Shakouri-Rad]] were barred from standing in the [[Iran Majlis election, 2004|parliament elections]] by the [[Council of Guardians]].


In 2004, Mohammad Reza Khatami, along with other prominent members such as [[Elaheh Koulaei]], [[Mohsen Mirdamadi]], and [[Ali Shakouri-Rad]] were barred from standing in the [[2004 Iran Majlis election|parliament elections]] by the [[Council of Guardians]].
In spring of 2005, this party supported [[Mostafa Moin]] in the presidential election together with its unofficial daily ''[[Eqbal]]'' which was disestablished in July 2005.<ref name=idp>{{cite web|title=Islamic Iran Participation Front|url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/parties/mosharekat/iipfprofile.pdf|work=Iran Data Portal|accessdate=13 October 2013|year=2009}}</ref>


In spring of 2005, this party supported [[Mostafa Moin]] in the presidential election together with its unofficial daily ''[[Eqbal]]'' which was disestablished in July 2005.<ref name=idp>{{cite web|title=Islamic Iran Participation Front|url=http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/parties/mosharekat/iipfprofile.pdf|work=Iran Data Portal|access-date=13 October 2013|year=2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115913/http://www.princeton.edu/irandataportal/parties/mosharekat/iipfprofile.pdf|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The decision center of the party is the Central Council, which has thirty members. Some of the members are:<ref name="Ariabarzan"/>

==Members==
The decision center of the party is the Central Council, which has thirty members. Some of the members include:<ref name="Ariabarzan"/>
* [[Mohammad Reza Khatami]]
* [[Mohammad Reza Khatami]]
* [[Saeed Hajjarian]]
* [[Saeed Hajjarian]]
Line 43: Line 54:
* [[Davoud Soleymani]]
* [[Davoud Soleymani]]
* [[Saeed Shirkavand]]
* [[Saeed Shirkavand]]

In June 2009 Mohsen Mirdamadi and [[Saeed Hajjarian]] were arrested during the aftermath of the [[Iranian presidential election, 2009|2009 presidential elections]] and subsequent [[2009 Iranian election protests|protests]].
== Ban ==
{{Update|section|updated 27 July 2017|date=November 2021}}
Following [[2009 Iranian presidential election protests|2009 post-poll protests]], the government suspended the party along with the [[Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization]] in April 2010.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/20/world/middleeast/20iran.html|title=Iran Mutes A Chorus of Voices for Reform|work=The New York Times|author=Robert F. Worth|access-date=21 June 2017|date=19 April 2010}}</ref> A few weeks later in March, [[Iranian Judiciary]] banned the party and closed down its office when it had scheduled to hold its annual meeting. The party called the action "an illegal act".<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/Iran_Said_To_Ban_Largest_Reformist_Party/1984541.html|title=Iran Said To Ban Activities Of Largest Reformist Party|newspaper=Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty |agency=Reuters|access-date=21 June 2017|date=15 March 2010|via=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty}}</ref> In October, the party declared that Branch 27 of Tehran General Court overturned the decision of the [[Ministry of Interior (Iran)|Ministry of Interior]]'s Article 10 Commission, responsible for licensing political parties in Iran.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.roozonline.com/english/news3/newsitem/article/court-denies-mosharekat-partys-dissolution.html|title=Court Denies Mosharekat Party's Dissolution|work=RoozOnline|author=Arash Bahmani|access-date=21 June 2017|date=8 October 2010}}</ref>
On 27 September 2010, prosecutor-general told press that the party is dissolved and not allowed to have any activities. The party announced it had received no notification of any such court verdict and thus could not be enforced, calling for a chance to appeal.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/middle-east/iran-bans-two-leading-reformist-political-parties|title=Iran bans two leading reformist political parties|work=The National|author=Michael Theodoulou|access-date=21 June 2017|date=29 September 2010}}</ref> In November 2011, the interior ministry declared that the party is unable to run for parliament seats in the [[2012 Iranian legislative election|2012 elections]] because its license is revoked.<ref>{{citation|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2011/11/04/175366.html|title=Iran bans three reformist parties from participating in upcoming polls|work=Al Arabiya|access-date=21 June 2017|author=Najah Mohammad Ali|date=4 November 2011}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Islamic political parties]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Iran defunct parties}}
{{Authority control}}


==External links==
*[http://www.norooznews.ir/ IIPF News Network]
{{Iranian political parties}}
{{Green Movement}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Islamic Iran Participation Front}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Islamic Iran Participation Front}}
[[Category:1998 establishments in Iran]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in Iran]]
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[[Category:Reformist political groups in Iran]]
[[Category:Reformist political groups in Iran]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1998]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1998]]
[[Category:2009 disestablishments in Iran]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 2009]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in Iran]]
[[Category:Islamic democratic political parties]]
[[Category:Islamic democratic political parties]]
[[Category:Islamic political parties]]

Latest revision as of 01:31, 2 November 2024

Islamic Iran Participation Front
جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی
General SecretaryMohsen Mirdamadi
SpokespersonHossein Kashefi
FoundedDecember 5, 1998; 26 years ago (1998-12-05)[1]
LegalisedFebruary 19, 1999; 25 years ago (1999-02-19)[2]
BannedApril 2010
HeadquartersTehran, Iran
NewspaperMosharekat (Official)
Unofficial:
Eqbal
Sobh-e Emrooz
Jame'e
Toos
Neshat
Khordad
IdeologyReformism
Islamic democracy[3]
Islamic liberalism[3]
Political positionBig tent[4]
ReligionIslam
National affiliationCouncil for coordinating the Reforms Front
Continental affiliationInternational Conference of Asian Political Parties (ICAPP)[5]
SloganIran for all Iranians
Spiritual successorUnion of Islamic Iran People Party[6]

The Islamic Iran Participation Front (Persian: جبهه مشارکت ایران اسلامی; Jebheye Mosharekate Iran-e Eslaami) was a reformist political party in Iran. It was sometimes described as the most dominant member within the 2nd of Khordad Front.[7]

The party took 189 of the 290 seats (65%) in the Sixth Majlis.[8]

In the aftermath of the Green Movement protests, its license was revoked and the party was subsequently barred from contesting elections.[9]

History and profile

[edit]

Founded in late 1998,[10] the main motto of the IIPF is "Iran for all Iranians" (Persian: ایران برای همه ایرانیان).[3] While still backing Islam, the state religion of Iran, the party is among the evangelizers of democracy in Iran. Some members of the front however belong to different factions and ideologies, as described by Saeed Hajjarian it is "the party of between the two Abbas" (Persian: حزب بین‌العباسین, referring to the gap between right-winger Abbas Duzduzani and left-winger Abbas Abdi).[11]

It was led by former Secretary-General of the party, Mohammad Reza Khatami (the brother of Mohammad Khatami, the fifth President of Iran) before the election of Mohsen Mirdamadi as new Secretary-General in 9th congress.

In 2004, Mohammad Reza Khatami, along with other prominent members such as Elaheh Koulaei, Mohsen Mirdamadi, and Ali Shakouri-Rad were barred from standing in the parliament elections by the Council of Guardians.

In spring of 2005, this party supported Mostafa Moin in the presidential election together with its unofficial daily Eqbal which was disestablished in July 2005.[3]

Members

[edit]

The decision center of the party is the Central Council, which has thirty members. Some of the members include:[4]

Ban

[edit]

Following 2009 post-poll protests, the government suspended the party along with the Mojahedin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran Organization in April 2010.[12] A few weeks later in March, Iranian Judiciary banned the party and closed down its office when it had scheduled to hold its annual meeting. The party called the action "an illegal act".[13] In October, the party declared that Branch 27 of Tehran General Court overturned the decision of the Ministry of Interior's Article 10 Commission, responsible for licensing political parties in Iran.[14] On 27 September 2010, prosecutor-general told press that the party is dissolved and not allowed to have any activities. The party announced it had received no notification of any such court verdict and thus could not be enforced, calling for a chance to appeal.[15] In November 2011, the interior ministry declared that the party is unable to run for parliament seats in the 2012 elections because its license is revoked.[16]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Mohammad Ali Zandi. "Islamic Iran Participation Front" (in Persian). Baqir al-Ulum Research Center. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  2. ^ "List of Legally Registered Parties in Iran". Khorasan Newspaper. Pars Times. July 30, 2000. p. 4. Retrieved 21 August 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d "Islamic Iran Participation Front" (PDF). Iran Data Portal. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
  4. ^ a b Mohammadighalehtaki, Ariabarzan (2012). Organisational Change in Political Parties in Iran after the Islamic Revolution of 1979. With Special Reference to the Islamic Republic Party (IRP) and the Islamic Iran Participation Front Party (Mosharekat) (Ph.D. thesis). Durham University.
  5. ^ "The 4 th General Assembly of the International Conference of Asian Political parties: List of Participating Political Parties and Observers" (PDF), International Conference of Asian Political Parties, 7 September 2006, archived from the original (PDF) on 1 August 2017, retrieved 4 April 2017
  6. ^ "How Iran's beleaguered reformist party has been reincarnated once again". Tehran Bureau. The Guardian. 7 October 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  7. ^ 1/9/2001 2nd Khordad Front must ponder over every aspect of their actions: daily Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Net Native
  8. ^ Valentine M. Moghadam, Fatemeh Haghighatjoo (March 2016). "Women and Political Leadership in an Authoritarian Context: A Case Study of the Sixth Parliament in the Islamic Republic of Iran" (PDF). Politics & Gender. 12 (1). The Women and Politics Research Section of the American Political Science Association: 168–197. doi:10.1017/S1743923X15000598. S2CID 147214983.
  9. ^ Najah Mohammad Ali (4 November 2011), "Iran bans three reformist parties from participating in upcoming polls", Al Arabiya, retrieved 11 August 2022
  10. ^ "Jebheh-ye Mosharekat-e Iran-e Islami" (PDF). Syracuse University. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  11. ^ "اصلاح طلب کیست, اصلاح طلبی چیست". Archived from the original on 2016-09-27. Retrieved 2016-09-18.
  12. ^ Robert F. Worth (19 April 2010), "Iran Mutes A Chorus of Voices for Reform", The New York Times, retrieved 21 June 2017
  13. ^ "Iran Said To Ban Activities Of Largest Reformist Party", Radiofreeeurope/Radioliberty, Reuters, 15 March 2010, retrieved 21 June 2017 – via Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
  14. ^ Arash Bahmani (8 October 2010), "Court Denies Mosharekat Party's Dissolution", RoozOnline, retrieved 21 June 2017
  15. ^ Michael Theodoulou (29 September 2010), "Iran bans two leading reformist political parties", The National, retrieved 21 June 2017
  16. ^ Najah Mohammad Ali (4 November 2011), "Iran bans three reformist parties from participating in upcoming polls", Al Arabiya, retrieved 21 June 2017