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Coordinates: 39°08′31″N 43°54′50″E / 39.14194°N 43.91389°E / 39.14194; 43.91389
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox Turkey place
| type = metro district
<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name = Çaldıran
| name = Çaldıran
| image_skyline =
| image_skyline = Çaldıran street.jpg
| image_caption =
| image_caption = View from vehicle travelling through Çaldıran town
| image_shield =
| image_map = Van location Çaldıran.PNG
| pushpin_map = Turkey
| map_caption = Map showing Çaldıran District in Van Province
| coordinates = {{coord|39|08|31|N|43|54|50|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| latd = 39 |latm = 08 |lats = 31 |latNS = N
| longd = 43 |longm = 54 |longs = 50 |longEW = E
| province = Van
| coordinates_display = inline,title
| leader_party = AKP
| coordinates_format = dms
| leader_name = Şefık Ensari
| subdivision_type = Country
| leader_name1 =
| subdivision_name = {{Flag|Turkey}}
| area_total_km2 = 1478
| elevation_m =
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Turkey|Province]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/>
| subdivision_name1 = [[Van Province|Van]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| population_total = 58635
| subdivision_name2 =
| population_as_of = 2022
| postal_code = 65970
| leader_party = [[Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)|HDP]]
| leader_title = Mayors
| area_code = 0432
| website = {{url|https://www.caldiran.bel.tr/}}
| leader_name = Faruk Demir ([[Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)|HDP]])<br/>Suna Atabay
| leader_title1 = [[Kaymakam]]
| leader_name1 = İbrahim Dündâr
| area_footnotes = {{Turkey district areas|SOURCE}}
| area_blank1_title = District
| area_blank1_km2 = {{Turkey district areas|Van|Çaldıran}}
| population_footnotes = {{Turkey district populations|SOURCE|Van}}
| population_urban = {{Turkey district populations|Van|Çaldıran|şehir}}
| population_as_of = {{Turkey district populations|YEAR}}
| population_blank1_title = District
| population_blank1 = {{Turkey district populations|Van|Çaldıran|toplam}}
| population_density_blank1_km2 = auto
| postal_code_type = Post code
| postal_code = 65750
| website = {{URL| www.caldiran.bel.tr | www.caldiran.bel.tr }}
}}
}}
'''Çaldıran''' ({{langx|ku|Ebex}},<ref>{{cite book|author1=Adem Avcıkıran|url=http://tirsik.net/danegeh/pirtuk/ismail%20bulbul/anamneza%20bi%20kurmanc%C3%AE.pdf|title=Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî|date=2009|page=57|language=tr, ku|accessdate=17 December 2019}}</ref> {{Langx|hy|Աբաղա|translit=Abaġa}}) is a municipality and [[Districts of Turkey|district]] of [[Van Province]], [[Turkey]].<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</ref> Its area is 1,478&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> and its population is 58,635 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=19 September 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref>
[[File:Çaldıran street.jpg|right|400px|thumb|view from vehicle travelling through Çaldıran town]]


As mayor Leyla Atsak from the [[Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)|Peoples' Democratic Party]] (HDP) was elected in the [[2019 Turkish local elections|local elections of March 2019]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabah.com.tr/secim/31-mart-2019-yerel-secim-sonuclari/van/caldiran/ilcesi-yerel-secim-sonuclari|title=Van Çaldıran Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri|website=www.sabah.com.tr|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref> However Leyla Atsak was barred from holding office by the Supreme Election Board (YSK), despite being approved as a candidate by the YSK before the elections due to have being dismissed from public office in the past.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/ysk-bars-dismissed-public-servants-from-serving-142592|title=YSK bars dismissed public servants from serving as mayors - Turkey News|website=Hürriyet Daily News|language=en|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref> Şefık Ensari from the [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] (AKP) who came in second in the elections was given the mayorship instead. Hasan Hüsnü Türker became the [[kaymakam]] in August 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.caldiran.gov.tr/kaymakam-hasan-husnu-turker|title=Çaldıran Kaymakamı Hasan Hüsnü Türker|website=www.caldiran.gov.tr|access-date=29 September 2023}}</ref>
'''Çaldıran''' ({{lang-ku|Ebex}}) is a district and town in [[Van Province]] of [[Turkey]]. The mayor is Faruk Demir ([[Peace and Democracy Party|BDP]]).


The town is in an earthquake prone area; 3,840 people were killed by a 7.2 magnitude [[1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye earthquake|earthquake in 1976]].<ref>[http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/id/25291276/ Daha önce de büyük depremler yaşandı] ''[[NTV (Turkey)|NTV]]'' 23 October 2011</ref>
The battle of Bagiri Pass occurred here, in which Armenians fleeing from Van during the [[Armenian Genocide]] were intercepted by Kurdish Tribals, who killed many.{{fact|date=January 2016}}


In the district was found an archaeological site of a former building on a hill 2000 m above sea level.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/castle-like-structure-discovered-on-hill-in-van--96330|title=Castle-like structure discovered on hill in Van|website=Hürriyet Daily News|language=en|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>
The town is in an earthquake prone area; 3,840 people were killed by a 7.2 magnitude [[1976 Çaldıran-Muradiye earthquake|earthquake in 1976]].<ref>[http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/id/25291276/ Daha önce de büyük depremler yaşandı] ''[[NTV (Turkey)|NTV]]'' 23 October 2011</ref>

==Archaeology==
In June 2022, Turkish-Mongolian archaeologists led by Ersel Çağlıtütuncigil announced the discovery of the ruins of a summer palace ([[caravanserai]]) thought to have been constructed by the [[Mongols|Mongol]] [[Ilkhanate]] State ruler [[Hulagu Khan]] and decorated with [[swastika]] or "[[tamga]]" shaped roof tiles in the 1260s. [[Ceramic]] [[kiln]]s, tricolor-glazed ceramics, [[brick]]s, glazed roof tiles, [[porcelain]] were also among the finds.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Agency |first=Anadolu |date=2022-06-26 |title=Turkish, Mongolian scientists trace Ilkhanid palace in Turkey's Van |url=https://www.dailysabah.com/arts/turkish-mongolian-scientists-trace-ilkhanid-palace-in-turkeys-van/news |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=Daily Sabah |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Aton |first1=Francesca |date=2022-08-02 |title=Archaelogists Discovered 800-Year-Old Ancient Palace That May Have Belonged To Genghis Khan's Grandson |url=https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/ancient-palace-possibly-built-by-hulagu-khan-1234635647/ |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=ARTnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author1=Owen Jarus |date=2022-07-22 |title=Archaeologists may have discovered the palace of Genghis Khan's grandson |url=https://www.livescience.com/hulagu-khan-palace |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Composition==
There are 70 [[mahalle|neighbourhoods]] in Çaldıran District:<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Mahalle], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=12em}}
* Akbaşak
* Alakaya
* Alikelle
* Altıyol
* Aşağı Çanak
* Aşağı Dikme
* Aşağı Gülderen
* Aşağı Kuyucak
* Aşağı Mutlu
* Aşağı Yanıktaş
* Avcıbaşı
* Ayrancılar
* Başeğmez
* Baydoğan
* Beyazıt
* Bezirhane
* Buğulukaynak
* Burçakalan
* Çayırköy
* Çubuklu
* Cumhuriyet
* Demircik
* Direkli
* Doyumalan
* Erginler
* Evciler
* Fatih
* Gülyolu
* Güngören
* Hangediği
* Hanköy
* İncealan
* İsmailbaba
* Kalkandelen
* Karadulda
* Kaşım
* Kılavuz
* Kilimli
* Koçovası
* Kurtoğlan
* Kuskunkıran
* Osmanlı
* Recep Tayip Erdoğan
* Salhane
* Sarıçimen
* Sarıharman
* Şehit Jandarma Binbaşı Kıvanç Cesur
* Sellik
* Serpmetaş
* Soğuksu
* Sungur
* Tekindere
* Temrenli
* Toprakseven
* Umuttepe
* Yağıbasan
* Yassıtepe
* Yavuzselim
* Yaykılıç
* Yeniyaka
* Yücelen
* Yukarı Çanak
* Yukarı Dikme
* Yukarı Gülderen
* Yukarı Kuyucak
* Yukarı Mutlu
* Yukarı Sağmallı
* Yukarı Yanıktaş
* Yuvacık
* Zülfibulak
{{div col end}}

== Climate ==
At {{convert|2050|m|0|abbr=on}} above sea level, Çaldıran has a [[humid continental climate]], with [[Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]] influences (''Dsb'', according to the Köppen climate classification). Summers are mild and dry and winters are cold and snowy, with very low temperatures, due to its elevation. The lowest temperature recorded in Çaldıran is -46.4&nbsp;°C on 9 January 1990 and It is also the lowest temperature recorded in Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Türkiye'de ve Dünyada Kaydedilen En Düşük ve En Yüksek Değerler |url=https://www.mgm.gov.tr/genel/sss.aspx?s=sicaklikenleri2}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = Çaldıran, Van, Turkey
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan high C = -1.8
| Feb high C = -0.9
| Mar high C = 3.5
| Apr high C = 10.8
| May high C = 16.4
| Jun high C = 21.9
| Jul high C = 27.3
| Aug high C = 27.3
| Sep high C = 23.1
| Oct high C = 15.0
| Nov high C = 7.7
| Dec high C = 0.6
| year high C =
| Jan mean C = -6.7
| Feb mean C = -5.9
| Mar mean C = -1.1
| Apr mean C = 5.5
| May mean C = 10.3
| Jun mean C = 14.6
| Jul mean C = 19.4
| Aug mean C = 19.2
| Sep mean C = 14.8
| Oct mean C = 8.3
| Nov mean C = 2.5
| Dec mean C = -3.7
| year mean C =
| Jan low C = -11.6
| Feb low C = -10.8
| Mar low C = -5.6
| Apr low C = 0.3
| May low C = 4.2
| Jun low C = 7.4
| Jul low C = 11.6
| Aug low C = 11.1
| Sep low C = 6.5
| Oct low C = 1.6
| Nov low C = -2.6
| Dec low C = -8.0
| year low C =
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 31
| Feb precipitation mm = 37
| Mar precipitation mm = 41
| Apr precipitation mm = 58
| May precipitation mm = 61
| Jun precipitation mm = 39
| Jul precipitation mm = 17
| Aug precipitation mm = 13
| Sep precipitation mm = 15
| Oct precipitation mm = 49
| Nov precipitation mm = 41
| Dec precipitation mm = 37
| year precipitation mm =
| source 1 = Climate-data.org (unofficial, modelled data)<ref>[https://en.climate-data.org/asia/turkey/van/caldıran-15374/ Climate data: Çaldıran - Climate-data.org]</ref>
| date = September 2013
}}


The lowest temperature recorded in Çaldıran is -46.4°C on 9th January 1990. It is also the lowest temperature recorded in Turkey.
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
Line 50: Line 177:


{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Van|sortkey=Caldiran}}
{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Van|sortkey=Caldiran}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Caldiran}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Caldiran}}
[[Category:Populated places in Van Province]]
[[Category:Populated places in Van Province]]
[[Category:Districts of Van Province]]
[[Category:Districts of Van Province]]
[[Category:Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey]]

[[Category:Kurdish settlements in Turkey]]
{{Van-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 01:12, 2 November 2024

Çaldıran
District and municipality
View from vehicle travelling through Çaldıran town
View from vehicle travelling through Çaldıran town
Map showing Çaldıran District in Van Province
Map showing Çaldıran District in Van Province
Çaldıran is located in Turkey
Çaldıran
Çaldıran
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 39°08′31″N 43°54′50″E / 39.14194°N 43.91389°E / 39.14194; 43.91389
CountryTurkey
ProvinceVan
Government
 • MayorŞefık Ensari (AKP)
Area
1,478 km2 (571 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
58,635
 • Density40/km2 (100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code
65970
Area code0432
Websitewww.caldiran.bel.tr

Çaldıran (Kurdish: Ebex,[2] Armenian: Աբաղա, romanized: Abaġa) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey.[3] Its area is 1,478 km2,[4] and its population is 58,635 (2022).[1]

As mayor Leyla Atsak from the Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was elected in the local elections of March 2019.[5] However Leyla Atsak was barred from holding office by the Supreme Election Board (YSK), despite being approved as a candidate by the YSK before the elections due to have being dismissed from public office in the past.[6] Şefık Ensari from the Justice and Development Party (AKP) who came in second in the elections was given the mayorship instead. Hasan Hüsnü Türker became the kaymakam in August 2021.[7]

The town is in an earthquake prone area; 3,840 people were killed by a 7.2 magnitude earthquake in 1976.[8]

In the district was found an archaeological site of a former building on a hill 2000 m above sea level.[9]

Archaeology

[edit]

In June 2022, Turkish-Mongolian archaeologists led by Ersel Çağlıtütuncigil announced the discovery of the ruins of a summer palace (caravanserai) thought to have been constructed by the Mongol Ilkhanate State ruler Hulagu Khan and decorated with swastika or "tamga" shaped roof tiles in the 1260s. Ceramic kilns, tricolor-glazed ceramics, bricks, glazed roof tiles, porcelain were also among the finds.[10][11][12]

Composition

[edit]

There are 70 neighbourhoods in Çaldıran District:[13]

  • Akbaşak
  • Alakaya
  • Alikelle
  • Altıyol
  • Aşağı Çanak
  • Aşağı Dikme
  • Aşağı Gülderen
  • Aşağı Kuyucak
  • Aşağı Mutlu
  • Aşağı Yanıktaş
  • Avcıbaşı
  • Ayrancılar
  • Başeğmez
  • Baydoğan
  • Beyazıt
  • Bezirhane
  • Buğulukaynak
  • Burçakalan
  • Çayırköy
  • Çubuklu
  • Cumhuriyet
  • Demircik
  • Direkli
  • Doyumalan
  • Erginler
  • Evciler
  • Fatih
  • Gülyolu
  • Güngören
  • Hangediği
  • Hanköy
  • İncealan
  • İsmailbaba
  • Kalkandelen
  • Karadulda
  • Kaşım
  • Kılavuz
  • Kilimli
  • Koçovası
  • Kurtoğlan
  • Kuskunkıran
  • Osmanlı
  • Recep Tayip Erdoğan
  • Salhane
  • Sarıçimen
  • Sarıharman
  • Şehit Jandarma Binbaşı Kıvanç Cesur
  • Sellik
  • Serpmetaş
  • Soğuksu
  • Sungur
  • Tekindere
  • Temrenli
  • Toprakseven
  • Umuttepe
  • Yağıbasan
  • Yassıtepe
  • Yavuzselim
  • Yaykılıç
  • Yeniyaka
  • Yücelen
  • Yukarı Çanak
  • Yukarı Dikme
  • Yukarı Gülderen
  • Yukarı Kuyucak
  • Yukarı Mutlu
  • Yukarı Sağmallı
  • Yukarı Yanıktaş
  • Yuvacık
  • Zülfibulak

Climate

[edit]

At 2,050 m (6,726 ft) above sea level, Çaldıran has a humid continental climate, with Mediterranean influences (Dsb, according to the Köppen climate classification). Summers are mild and dry and winters are cold and snowy, with very low temperatures, due to its elevation. The lowest temperature recorded in Çaldıran is -46.4 °C on 9 January 1990 and It is also the lowest temperature recorded in Turkey.[14]

Climate data for Çaldıran, Van, Turkey
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −1.8
(28.8) 		−0.9
(30.4) 		3.5
(38.3) 		10.8
(51.4) 		16.4
(61.5) 		21.9
(71.4) 		27.3
(81.1) 		27.3
(81.1) 		23.1
(73.6) 		15.0
(59.0) 		7.7
(45.9) 		0.6
(33.1) 		12.6
(54.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) −6.7
(19.9) 		−5.9
(21.4) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		5.5
(41.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		14.6
(58.3) 		19.4
(66.9) 		19.2
(66.6) 		14.8
(58.6) 		8.3
(46.9) 		2.5
(36.5) 		−3.7
(25.3) 		6.4
(43.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −11.6
(11.1) 		−10.8
(12.6) 		−5.6
(21.9) 		0.3
(32.5) 		4.2
(39.6) 		7.4
(45.3) 		11.6
(52.9) 		11.1
(52.0) 		6.5
(43.7) 		1.6
(34.9) 		−2.6
(27.3) 		−8.0
(17.6) 		0.3
(32.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 31
(1.2) 		37
(1.5) 		41
(1.6) 		58
(2.3) 		61
(2.4) 		39
(1.5) 		17
(0.7) 		13
(0.5) 		15
(0.6) 		49
(1.9) 		41
(1.6) 		37
(1.5) 		439
(17.3)
Source: Climate-data.org (unofficial, modelled data)[15]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  2. ^ Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 57. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  3. ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  4. ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  5. ^ "Van Çaldıran Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart 2019 Yerel Seçimleri". www.sabah.com.tr. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  6. ^ "YSK bars dismissed public servants from serving as mayors - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  7. ^ "Çaldıran Kaymakamı Hasan Hüsnü Türker". www.caldiran.gov.tr. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  8. ^ Daha önce de büyük depremler yaşandı NTV 23 October 2011
  9. ^ "Castle-like structure discovered on hill in Van". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 2020-04-12.
  10. ^ Agency, Anadolu (2022-06-26). "Turkish, Mongolian scientists trace Ilkhanid palace in Turkey's Van". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  11. ^ Aton, Francesca (2022-08-02). "Archaelogists Discovered 800-Year-Old Ancient Palace That May Have Belonged To Genghis Khan's Grandson". ARTnews.com. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  12. ^ Owen Jarus (2022-07-22). "Archaeologists may have discovered the palace of Genghis Khan's grandson". livescience.com. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  13. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  14. ^ "Türkiye'de ve Dünyada Kaydedilen En Düşük ve En Yüksek Değerler".
  15. ^ Climate data: Çaldıran - Climate-data.org

See also

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Çaldıran,_Van&oldid=1254855435"