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Coordinates: 41°00′N 29°00′E / 41.000°N 29.000°E / 41.000; 29.000
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Cleanup|date=February 2007}}
| name = Marmara
[[Image:Turkey marmara.jpg|thumb|right|250px|<br>Marmara Region]]
Marmara Region, Turkey|Marmara Region (Marmara Bölgesi)
| native_name = ''Marmara Bölgesi''
| native_name_lang = tr
==Provinces==
| settlement_type = [[Regions of Turkey|Region]]
[[Image:Turkey marmara region.png|thumb|right|250px|Marmara Region]]
| image_skyline = {{multiple image|total_width=280px|perrow=1/2/2/1|border=infobox
*[[Balıkesir Province]]
| image1 = Bosphorus Bridge (235499411).jpeg
*[[Bilecik Province]]
| alt1 = Bosphorus Bridge
*[[Bursa Province]]
| image2 = Turkey-3019 - Hagia Sophia (2216460729).jpg
*[[Çanakkale Province]]
| alt2 = Hagia Sophia
*[[Edirne Province]]
| image3 = Maiden tower.JPG
*[[İstanbul Province]]
| alt3 = Maiden Tower in Istanul
*[[Kırklareli Province]]
| image4 = Istanbul asv2020-02 img61 Ortaköy Mosque.jpg
*[[Kocaeli Province]]
| alt4 = Ortaköy Mosque in Istanbul
*[[Sakarya Province]]
| image5 = View of Levent financial district from Istanbul Sapphire.jpg
*[[Tekirdağ Province]]
| alt5 = Levent financial district from Istanbul Sapphire
*[[Yalova Province]]
| image6 = Istanbul asv2020-02 img47 Galata Tower.jpg
{{clear}}
| alt6 = Galata towwer in Istanbul
}}
| image_flag =
| flag_size =
| image_shield =
| shield_size =
| blank_emblem_type =
| image_map = Marmara Region in Turkey.svg
| map_caption =
| motto =
| coordinates = {{Coord|41|00|N|29|00|E|type:adm1st_region:TR|display=it}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Turkey]]
| seat_type = Capital
| seat = [[Istanbul]]
| parts_type = [[Provinces of Turkey|Provinces]]
| parts_style = list
| parts = 11
| p1 = [[Balikesir]]
| p2 = [[Bilecik]]
| p3 = [[Bursa]]
| p4 = [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]]
| p5 = [[Edirne]]
| p6 = [[Istanbul]]
| p7 = [[Kırklareli]]
| p8 = [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]]
| p9 = [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]]
| p10 = [[Tekirdağ]]
| p11 = [[Yalova]]
| p12 =
| p13 =
| p14 =
| leader_party =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 67,000
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_rank = 6th
| population_footnotes = (INSEE)
| population_total = 27,050,405
| population_as_of = Jan. 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank = 1st
| population_demonym = {{langx|tr|Marmaralı}}
| demographics_type1 = GDP
| demographics1_footnotes = <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts |url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/ilgosterge/?locale=tr |access-date=11 May 2023 |website=www.turkstat.gov.tr}}</ref>
|demographics1_title1 = Total
|demographics1_info1 = US$ 367.040 billion (2022)
| demographics1_title2 = Per capita
|demographics1_info2 = US$ 13,569 (2022)
| timezone1 = [[Turkish Time|TRT]]
| utc_offset1 = +03:00
| timezone1_DST = [[Turkish Time|TRT]]
| utc_offset1_DST = +03:00
| blank_name_sec2 = [[First level NUTS of the European Union#France|NUTS Region]]
| blank_info_sec2 = TR1
| website = {{url|https://marmara.gov.tr}}
| iso_code = TR-IDF
| footnotes =
}}


The '''Marmara Region''' ([[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''Marmara Bölgesi'') is a [[Geographical regions of Turkey|geographical region]] of [[Turkey]].
==Population==


Located in [[East Thrace]], it is bordered by [[Greece]] and the [[Aegean Sea]] to the west, [[Bulgaria]] and the [[Black Sea]] to the north, the [[Black Sea Region (geographical)|Black Sea Region]] to the east, and the [[Aegean Region (geographical)|Aegean Region]] to the south. At the center of the region is the [[Sea of Marmara]], which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is [[Istanbul]]. Other big cities are [[Bursa]], [[İzmit]], [[Balıkesir]], [[Tekirdağ]], [[Çanakkale]] and [[Edirne]].

Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara Region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.

== Etymology ==
The name of the region comes from the Marmara Sea which is named after the Marmaros island, now connected to [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]]. "Marmaros" means "marble" in Greek. This name was given to the island because of the significant amount of marble found there. Over time, this name also came to be used for the sea itself.

The [[Greeks]] named the Marmara Sea "Propontis" by combining two words: "pro" and "pontis". In [[Greek language|Greek]], "pro" means "before" and "pontis" means "sea." They chose this name because they used to sail on the [[Sea of Marmara]] to reach the [[Black Sea]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Importance of the Marmara Sea and Region for Turkey - Istanbul Property |url=https://istanbulproperty.com/blog/living-in-turkey/the-importance-of-the-marmara-sea-and-region-for-turkey |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=istanbulproperty.com}}</ref>[[File:Istanbul panorama (16293921746).jpg|thumb|Panorama of [[Istanbul]] taken from [[Galata Tower]]. From left to right you can see the asian side of the city, [[Topkapı Palace|Topkapi Palace]], [[Hagia Sophia]], the [[Blue Mosque, Istanbul|Blue Mosque]], [[Galata Bridge]] and the [[New Mosque, Istanbul|New Mosque]].]]
[[File:View of Bursa from the hills of Mount Uludag.jpg|thumb|View of [[Bursa]] from the hills near [[Uludağ|Mount Uludağ]], the ancient [[Mysia]]n [[Mount Olympus|Olympus]]]]
[[File:Izmit genel.jpg|thumb|[[İzmit|Izmit]] General View]]
[[File:Ayvalık, Balıkesir.jpg|thumb|[[Ayvalık]], [[Balıkesir]]]]
[[File:Havadan cnk.jpg|thumb|[[Çanakkale]]]]

== Subdivision ==
* '''Çatalca - Kocaeli''' Section ({{langx|tr|Çatalca - Kocaeli Bölümü}})
** '''Adapazarı''' Area ({{langx|tr|Adapazarı Yöresi}})
** '''Istanbul''' Area ({{langx|tr|Istanbul Yöresi}})
* '''Ergene''' Section ({{langx|tr|Ergene Yöresi}})
* '''Southern Marmara''' Section ({{langx|tr|Güney Marmara Bölümü}})
** '''Biga - Gallipoli''' Area ({{langx|tr|Biga - Gelibolu Yöresi}})
** '''Bursa''' Area ({{langx|tr|Bursa Yöresi}})
** '''Karesi''' Area ({{langx|tr|Karesi Yöresi}})
** '''Samanlı''' Area ({{langx|tr|Samanlı Yöresi}})
* '''Yıldız''' Section ({{langx|tr|Yıldız Bölümü}})

== Ecoregions ==
{{Main|List of ecoregions in Turkey}}

=== Terrestrial ===

==== [[Palearctic]] ====
===== [[Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests]] =====

* [[Balkan mixed forests]]
* [[Euxine-Colchic deciduous forests]]

===== [[Temperate coniferous forests]] =====
* [[Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests]] ([[Turkey]])

===== [[Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub]] =====
* [[Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests]]
* [[Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests]]

== Provinces ==
{{wide image|Istanbul panorama and skyline.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of Istanbul}}

Provinces that are entirely in the Marmara Region:

* [[Edirne Province|Edirne]]
* [[İstanbul Province|İstanbul]]
* [[Kırklareli Province|Kırklareli]]
* [[Kocaeli Province|Kocaeli]]
* [[Tekirdağ Province|Tekirdağ]]
* [[Yalova Province|Yalova]]

Provinces that are mostly in the Marmara Region:

* [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]]
* [[Bilecik Province|Bilecik]]
* [[Bursa Province|Bursa]]
* [[Çanakkale Province|Çanakkale]]
* [[Sakarya Province|Sakarya]]
{{wide image|20120604 Edirne view from the top of the Minaret of Selimiye Mosque Edirne Turkey Panoramic.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of [[Edirne]] from [[Selimiye Mosque, Edirne|Selimiye Mosque]].}}
==Geography==
==Geography==
There are Yıldız (Star) Mountains in Marmara Region. Climate of Marmara Region is maki and wood.
The [[Yıldız Mountains]] and [[Uludağ]] are in the Marmara Region. Islands in the Aegean Sea are [[Gökçeada]] and [[Bozcaada]], and in the Sea of Marmara are [[Marmara Island]], [[Avşa]], [[Paşalimanı]], [[İmralı]] and the [[Princes' Islands]] of [[Istanbul]].


==Climate and Nature==
===Climate===

The Marmara region has a borderline [[mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]] and [[humid subtropical climate]] on the Aegean Sea and south Marmara Sea coasts, and an [[oceanic climate]] on the Black Sea coast. Summers are warm to hot and moderately dry whereas winters are cool, wet and sometimes snowy. The coastal climate keeps the temperatures relatively mild.


==Agriculture and stockbreeding==
==Underground resources==
==Industry==
==Tourism==
==See also==
==See also==
*[[Provinces of Turkey]]
* [[East Thrace]]
* [[Sea of Marmara]]
==External links==
* [[Dardanelles]]
* [[Bosporus]]
* [[Turkish Straits]]
* [[Geographical regions of Turkey]]
* [[Provinces of Turkey]]

==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Regions of Turkey}}


==External links==
[[Category:Regions of Turkey]]
{{Wikivoyage|Marmara (region)}}
* [http://www.golyaka.org/ Golyaka Village, Bursa] {{in lang|tr}}


{{Regions of Turkey}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Marmara Region| ]]
{{Turkey-stub}}
[[Category:Regions of Turkey]]

[[sl:Marmara, Turčija]]

Latest revision as of 04:20, 1 November 2024

Marmara
Marmara Bölgesi
Region
Bosphorus Bridge
Hagia Sophia
Maiden Tower in Istanul
Ortaköy Mosque in Istanbul
Levent financial district from Istanbul Sapphire
Galata towwer in Istanbul
Coordinates: 41°00′N 29°00′E / 41.000°N 29.000°E / 41.000; 29.000
CountryTurkey
CapitalIstanbul
Provinces
11
Area
 • Total67,000 km2 (26,000 sq mi)
 • Rank6th
Population
 (Jan. 2022)(INSEE)
 • Total27,050,405
 • Rank1st
 • Density400/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
DemonymTurkish: Marmaralı
GDP
[1]
 • TotalUS$ 367.040 billion (2022)
 • Per capitaUS$ 13,569 (2022)
Time zoneUTC+03:00 (TRT)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+03:00 (TRT)
ISO 3166 codeTR-IDF
NUTS RegionTR1
Websitemarmara.gov.tr

The Marmara Region (Turkish: Marmara Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.

Located in East Thrace, it is bordered by Greece and the Aegean Sea to the west, Bulgaria and the Black Sea to the north, the Black Sea Region to the east, and the Aegean Region to the south. At the center of the region is the Sea of Marmara, which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is Istanbul. Other big cities are Bursa, İzmit, Balıkesir, Tekirdağ, Çanakkale and Edirne.

Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara Region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.

Etymology

[edit]

The name of the region comes from the Marmara Sea which is named after the Marmaros island, now connected to Balıkesir. "Marmaros" means "marble" in Greek. This name was given to the island because of the significant amount of marble found there. Over time, this name also came to be used for the sea itself.

The Greeks named the Marmara Sea "Propontis" by combining two words: "pro" and "pontis". In Greek, "pro" means "before" and "pontis" means "sea." They chose this name because they used to sail on the Sea of Marmara to reach the Black Sea.[2]

Panorama of Istanbul taken from Galata Tower. From left to right you can see the asian side of the city, Topkapi Palace, Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, Galata Bridge and the New Mosque.
View of Bursa from the hills near Mount Uludağ, the ancient Mysian Olympus
Izmit General View
Ayvalık, Balıkesir
Çanakkale

Subdivision

[edit]
  • Çatalca - Kocaeli Section (Turkish: Çatalca - Kocaeli Bölümü)
    • Adapazarı Area (Turkish: Adapazarı Yöresi)
    • Istanbul Area (Turkish: Istanbul Yöresi)
  • Ergene Section (Turkish: Ergene Yöresi)
  • Southern Marmara Section (Turkish: Güney Marmara Bölümü)
    • Biga - Gallipoli Area (Turkish: Biga - Gelibolu Yöresi)
    • Bursa Area (Turkish: Bursa Yöresi)
    • Karesi Area (Turkish: Karesi Yöresi)
    • Samanlı Area (Turkish: Samanlı Yöresi)
  • Yıldız Section (Turkish: Yıldız Bölümü)

Ecoregions

[edit]
Main article: List of ecoregions in Turkey

Terrestrial

[edit]

Palearctic

[edit]
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
[edit]
Temperate coniferous forests
[edit]
Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
[edit]

Provinces

[edit]
Panoramic view of Istanbul

Provinces that are entirely in the Marmara Region:

Provinces that are mostly in the Marmara Region:

Panoramic view of Edirne from Selimiye Mosque.

Geography

[edit]

The Yıldız Mountains and Uludağ are in the Marmara Region. Islands in the Aegean Sea are Gökçeada and Bozcaada, and in the Sea of Marmara are Marmara Island, Avşa, Paşalimanı, İmralı and the Princes' Islands of Istanbul.

Climate

[edit]

The Marmara region has a borderline Mediterranean and humid subtropical climate on the Aegean Sea and south Marmara Sea coasts, and an oceanic climate on the Black Sea coast. Summers are warm to hot and moderately dry whereas winters are cool, wet and sometimes snowy. The coastal climate keeps the temperatures relatively mild.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts". www.turkstat.gov.tr. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  2. ^ "The Importance of the Marmara Sea and Region for Turkey - Istanbul Property". istanbulproperty.com. Retrieved 2023-11-09.
[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Marmara (region).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marmara_Region&oldid=1254680042"