Marmara Region: Difference between revisions

Marmara

*Marmara Bölgesi*
Marmara Marmara Bölgesi
Region
	Coordinates: 41°00′N 29°00′E / 41.000°N 29.000°E
Country	Turkey
Capital	Istanbul
Provinces	11 Balikesir; Bilecik; Bursa; Çanakkale; Edirne; Istanbul; Kırklareli; Kocaeli; Sakarya; Tekirdağ; Yalova;
Area
• Total	67,000 km2 (26,000 sq mi)
• Rank	6th
Population (Jan. 2022)(INSEE)
• Total	27,050,405
• Rank	1st
• Density	400/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
Demonym	Turkish: Marmaralı
GDP
• Total	US$ 367.040 billion (2022)
• Per capita	US$ 13,569 (2022)
Time zone	UTC+03:00 (TRT)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+03:00 (TRT)
ISO 3166 code	TR-IDF
NUTS Region	TR1
Website	marmara.gov.tr

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The Marmara Region (Turkish: Marmara Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.

Located in East Thrace, it is bordered by Greece and the Aegean Sea to the west, Bulgaria and the Black Sea to the north, the Black Sea Region to the east, and the Aegean Region to the south. At the center of the region is the Sea of Marmara, which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is Istanbul. Other big cities are Bursa, İzmit, Balıkesir, Tekirdağ, Çanakkale and Edirne.

Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara Region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.

Etymology

The name of the region comes from the Marmara Sea which is named after the Marmaros island, now connected to Balıkesir. "Marmaros" means "marble" in Greek. This name was given to the island because of the significant amount of marble found there. Over time, this name also came to be used for the sea itself.

The Greeks named the Marmara Sea "Propontis" by combining two words: "pro" and "pontis". In Greek, "pro" means "before" and "pontis" means "sea." They chose this name because they used to sail on the Sea of Marmara to reach the Black Sea.^[2]

Subdivision

Çatalca - Kocaeli Section (Turkish: Çatalca - Kocaeli Bölümü)
- Adapazarı Area (Turkish: Adapazarı Yöresi)
- Istanbul Area (Turkish: Istanbul Yöresi)
Ergene Section (Turkish: Ergene Yöresi)
Southern Marmara Section (Turkish: Güney Marmara Bölümü)
- Biga - Gallipoli Area (Turkish: Biga - Gelibolu Yöresi)
- Bursa Area (Turkish: Bursa Yöresi)
- Karesi Area (Turkish: Karesi Yöresi)
- Samanlı Area (Turkish: Samanlı Yöresi)
Yıldız Section (Turkish: Yıldız Bölümü)

Ecoregions

Terrestrial

Palearctic

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests

Temperate coniferous forests

Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests (Turkey)

Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub

Provinces

Panoramic view of Istanbul

Provinces that are entirely in the Marmara Region:

Provinces that are mostly in the Marmara Region:

Panoramic view of Edirne from Selimiye Mosque.

Geography

The Yıldız Mountains and Uludağ are in the Marmara Region. Islands in the Aegean Sea are Gökçeada and Bozcaada, and in the Sea of Marmara are Marmara Island, Avşa, Paşalimanı, İmralı and the Princes' Islands of Istanbul.

Climate

The Marmara region has a borderline Mediterranean and humid subtropical climate on the Aegean Sea and south Marmara Sea coasts, and an oceanic climate on the Black Sea coast. Summers are warm to hot and moderately dry whereas winters are cool, wet and sometimes snowy. The coastal climate keeps the temperatures relatively mild.

References

^ "Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts". www.turkstat.gov.tr. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
^ "The Importance of the Marmara Sea and Region for Turkey - Istanbul Property". istanbulproperty.com. Retrieved 2023-11-09.

External links

Golyaka Village, Bursa (in Turkish)

[:1-1] "Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts". www.turkstat.gov.tr. Retrieved 11 May 2023.

[2] "The Importance of the Marmara Sea and Region for Turkey - Istanbul Property". istanbulproperty.com. Retrieved 2023-11-09.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 61: / Line 61: @@
 | population_density_km2   = auto
 | population_rank          = 1st
-| population_demonym       = {{lang-tr|Marmaralı}}
+| population_demonym       = {{langx|tr|Marmaralı}}
+| demographics_type1       = GDP
-| timezone1                = [[Central European Time|CET]]
+| demographics1_footnotes  = <ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Statistics by Theme > National Accounts > Regional Accounts |url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/ilgosterge/?locale=tr |access-date=11 May 2023 |website=www.turkstat.gov.tr}}</ref>
+|demographics1_title1     = Total
+|demographics1_info1      = US$ 367.040 billion (2022)
+| demographics1_title2     = Per capita
+|demographics1_info2      = US$ 13,569 (2022)
+| timezone1                = [[Turkish Time|TRT]]
 | utc_offset1              = +03:00
-| timezone1_DST            = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
+| timezone1_DST            = [[Turkish Time|TRT]]
 | utc_offset1_DST          = +03:00
 | blank_name_sec2          = [[First level NUTS of the European Union#France|NUTS Region]]
@@ Line 75: / Line 81: @@
 The '''Marmara Region''' ([[Turkish language|Turkish]]: ''Marmara Bölgesi'') is a [[Geographical regions of Turkey|geographical region]] of [[Turkey]].
-Located in northwestern Turkey, it is bordered by [[Greece]] and the [[Aegean Sea]] to the west, [[Bulgaria]] and the [[Black Sea]] to the north, the [[Black Sea Region (geographical)|Black Sea Region]] to the east, and the [[Aegean Region (geographical)|Aegean Region]] to the south. At the center of the region is the [[Sea of Marmara]], which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is [[Istanbul]]. Other big cities are [[Bursa]], [[İzmit]], [[Balıkesir]], [[Tekirdağ]], [[Çanakkale]] and [[Edirne]].
+Located in [[East Thrace]], it is bordered by [[Greece]] and the [[Aegean Sea]] to the west, [[Bulgaria]] and the [[Black Sea]] to the north, the [[Black Sea Region (geographical)|Black Sea Region]] to the east, and the [[Aegean Region (geographical)|Aegean Region]] to the south. At the center of the region is the [[Sea of Marmara]], which gives the region its name. The largest city in the region is [[Istanbul]]. Other big cities are [[Bursa]], [[İzmit]], [[Balıkesir]], [[Tekirdağ]], [[Çanakkale]] and [[Edirne]].
 Among the seven geographical regions, the Marmara Region has the second-smallest area, yet the largest population; it is the most densely populated region in the country.
-== Etymology of the Marmara Region ==
+== Etymology ==
-The name of the region comes from the Marmara Sea which is named after the Marmaros island , now connected to [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]]. "Marmaros" means "marble" in Greek. This name was given to the island because of the significant amount of marble found there. Over time, this name also came to be used for the sea itself
+The name of the region comes from the Marmara Sea which is named after the Marmaros island, now connected to [[Balıkesir Province|Balıkesir]]. "Marmaros" means "marble" in Greek. This name was given to the island because of the significant amount of marble found there. Over time, this name also came to be used for the sea itself.
-The [[Greeks]] named the Marmara Sea "Propontis" by combining two words: "pro" and "pontis" .In [[Greek language|Greek]], "pro" means "before" and "pontis" means "sea." They chose this name because they used to sail on the [[Sea of Marmara]] to reach the [[Black Sea]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Importance of the Marmara Sea and Region for Turkey - Istanbul Property |url=https://istanbulproperty.com/blog/living-in-turkey/the-importance-of-the-marmara-sea-and-region-for-turkey |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=istanbulproperty.com}}</ref>.[[File:Istanbul panorama (16293921746).jpg|thumb|Panorama of [[Istanbul]] taken from [[Galata Tower]]. From left to right you can see the asian side of the city, [[Topkapı Palace|Topkapi Palace]], [[Hagia Sophia]], the [[Blue Mosque, Istanbul|Blue Mosque]], [[Galata Bridge]] and the [[New Mosque, Istanbul|New Mosque]].]]
+The [[Greeks]] named the Marmara Sea "Propontis" by combining two words: "pro" and "pontis". In [[Greek language|Greek]], "pro" means "before" and "pontis" means "sea." They chose this name because they used to sail on the [[Sea of Marmara]] to reach the [[Black Sea]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Importance of the Marmara Sea and Region for Turkey - Istanbul Property |url=https://istanbulproperty.com/blog/living-in-turkey/the-importance-of-the-marmara-sea-and-region-for-turkey |access-date=2023-11-09 |website=istanbulproperty.com}}</ref>[[File:Istanbul panorama (16293921746).jpg|thumb|Panorama of [[Istanbul]] taken from [[Galata Tower]]. From left to right you can see the asian side of the city, [[Topkapı Palace|Topkapi Palace]], [[Hagia Sophia]], the [[Blue Mosque, Istanbul|Blue Mosque]], [[Galata Bridge]] and the [[New Mosque, Istanbul|New Mosque]].]]
 [[File:View of Bursa from the hills of Mount Uludag.jpg|thumb|View of [[Bursa]] from the hills near [[Uludağ|Mount Uludağ]], the ancient [[Mysia]]n [[Mount Olympus|Olympus]]]]
 [[File:Izmit genel.jpg|thumb|[[İzmit|Izmit]] General View]]
@@ Line 89: / Line 95: @@
 == Subdivision ==
-* '''Çatalca - Kocaeli''' Section ({{lang-tr|Çatalca - Kocaeli Bölümü}})
+* '''Çatalca - Kocaeli''' Section ({{langx|tr|Çatalca - Kocaeli Bölümü}})
-** '''Adapazarı''' Area ({{lang-tr|Adapazarı Yöresi}})
+** '''Adapazarı''' Area ({{langx|tr|Adapazarı Yöresi}})
-** '''Istanbul''' Area ({{lang-tr|Istanbul Yöresi}})
+** '''Istanbul''' Area ({{langx|tr|Istanbul Yöresi}})
-* '''Ergene''' Section ({{lang-tr|Ergene Yöresi}})
+* '''Ergene''' Section ({{langx|tr|Ergene Yöresi}})
-* '''Southern Marmara''' Section ({{lang-tr|Güney Marmara Bölümü}})
+* '''Southern Marmara''' Section ({{langx|tr|Güney Marmara Bölümü}})
-** '''Biga - Gallipoli''' Area ({{lang-tr|Biga - Gelibolu Yöresi}})
+** '''Biga - Gallipoli''' Area ({{langx|tr|Biga - Gelibolu Yöresi}})
-** '''Bursa''' Area ({{lang-tr|BursaYöresi}})
+** '''Bursa''' Area ({{langx|tr|Bursa Yöresi}})
-** '''Karesi''' Area ({{lang-tr|Karesi Yöresi}})
+** '''Karesi''' Area ({{langx|tr|Karesi Yöresi}})
-** '''Samanlı''' Area ({{lang-tr|Samanlı Yöresi}})
+** '''Samanlı''' Area ({{langx|tr|Samanlı Yöresi}})
-* '''Yıldız''' Section ({{lang-tr|Yıldız Bölümü}})
+* '''Yıldız''' Section ({{langx|tr|Yıldız Bölümü}})
 == Ecoregions ==
@@ Line 143: / Line 149: @@
 ===Climate===
-The Marmara region has a hybrid [[mediterranean climate]]/[[humid subtropical climate]] on the Aegean Sea coast and the south Marmara Sea coast, an [[oceanic climate]] on the Black Sea coast and a [[humid continental climate]] in the interior. Summers are warm to hot and moderately dry whereas winters are cool, wet and sometimes snowy. The coastal climate keeps the temperatures relatively mild.
+The Marmara region has a borderline [[mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]] and [[humid subtropical climate]] on the Aegean Sea and south Marmara Sea coasts, and an [[oceanic climate]] on the Black Sea coast. Summers are warm to hot and moderately dry whereas winters are cool, wet and sometimes snowy. The coastal climate keeps the temperatures relatively mild.
 ==See also==