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{{Short description|Argentine sculptor (1866–1936)}}
{{BLP sources|date=December 2011}}
{{one source|date=December 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| name = Lola Mora
| name = Lola Mora
| image = Lola mora.jpg
| image = Lola Mora 1905.jpg
| caption = Lola Mora in 1903
| caption = Mora in 1903
| birth_name = Dolores Candelaria Mora Vega
| birth_name = Dolores Candelaria Mora Vega
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1866|11|17}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1866|11|17|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[El Tala]], [[Argentina]]
| birth_place = [[San Miguel de Tucumán]], Tucumán, Argentina
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1936|6|7|1866|11|17}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1936|6|7|1866|11|17|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina
| death_place = Buenos Aires, Argentina
| resting_place = [[La Chacarita Cemetery]]
| resting_place = [[La Chacarita Cemetery]]
⚫
| field = Sculpture
| resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LON|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} -->
⚫
| field = [[Sculpture]]
| training = [[Giulio Monteverde]]
| training = [[Giulio Monteverde]]
| movement = [[Classicism]]
| movement = [[Classicism]]
| works =
| works = ''[[Landmarks in Buenos Aires#Las Nereidas|Las Nereidas]]''
| patrons =
| patrons =
| awards =
| awards =
| memorials =
| memorials =
| elected =
| elected =
| website = <!-- {{URL|Example.com}} -->
| bgcolour =
| bgcolour =
| module =
| module =
}}
}}
'''Dolores Candelaria Mora Vega de Hernández''' or '''Dolores Mora Vega''' (17 November 1866 – 7 June 1936), known as '''Lola Mora''', was a [[sculpture|sculptor]], born in a barn in the {{province|Salta|Argentina}}, though generally considered native to [[Trancas, Tucumán|Trancas]], province of [[Tucumán Province|Tucumán]], where she was recorded and baptized. She is known today as a rebel and a pioneer of women in her artistic field.


'''Dolores Candelaria Mora Vega''' (17 November 1866 – 7 June 1936), known professionally as '''Lola Mora''', was an Argentine sculptor. She is known today as a cultural rebel and a pioneer of women in her artistic field.
==Biography==
Lola Mora was the daughter of Romualdo Alejandro Mora, a prosperous landowner of Tucumán and Regina Vega. She was also a goddaughter of [[Nicolás Avellaneda]] and a protégé of [[Julio Argentino Roca]].[[Image:Estatuas de Lola Mora 5.jpg|thumb|left|Monument to the ''[[gaucho]]'', one of a series along the Monument to the Flag, [[Rosario, Argentina|Rosario]].]][[Image:Buenos Aires - Las Nereidas.jpg|thumb|240px|''The Nereids Fountain'', Buenos Aires, Argentina]]
⚫
At 20 years of age she began painting [[portrait]]s, but soon turned to sculpting [[marble]] and [[granite]]. She studied art in her home province and then, with a scholarship, in [[Rome]], [[Italy]], where she created her greatest works, some of them by request of the Argentine government. In 1900 she was charged with creating two bas-reliefs for the [[Historical House of Tucumán]] (seat of Argentina's Declaration of Independence of 1816).


==Early life==
⚫
Her style and exposure were controversial and rebellious. In 1903 her ''The Nereids Fountain'', created for the city of [[Buenos Aires]], met bureaucratic problems at the city's Deliberative Council, which had the sculpture moved from place to place.
[[file:Lola mora young.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Mora in the 1890s]]
Dolores was the daughter of Romualdo Alejandro Mora, a prosperous landowner of [[Tucumán Province]] of Spanish origin and Regina Vega. She was the third born of seven children, three boys and four girls. Her parents decided that the girls should also have the best education possible (unusual behavior for the time). In 1870, her parents moved the family to San Miguel del Tucumán when Lola was four years old. At seven years of age, she was a boarding school pupil at Colegio Sarmiento de Tucumán Province. In 1885, both her parents died within two days. Her older sister Paula Mora Vega married the engineer Guillermo Rucker, and together took care of the orphans.<ref>{{Cite book|title = Lola Mora: Vida y obra de la primera escultora argentina|last = Haedo|first = Oscar Félix|publisher = Eudeba|year = 1974}}</ref>


==Education==
⚫
Near the end of her life, she did some extravagant business (such as financing [[petroleum]] surveys in [[Salta Province|Salta]]), and then retired with only a [[pension]] to support herself. After her death in Buenos Aires, in poverty and obscurity, friends of hers burned her letters, mementos and personal diaries.
⚫
At 20 years of age she began painting [[portrait]]s, but soon turned to sculpting [[marble]] and [[granite]]. She studied art in her home province and then, with a scholarship, in [[Rome]], [[Italy]], studying under [[Costantino Barbella]] and [[Giulio Monteverde]].<ref>Encyclopedia of Contemporary Latin American and Caribbean Cultures, edited by Daniel Balderston, Mike Gonzalez, Ana M. Lopez, 2002, page 994</ref> In 1900 she returned to Argentina and, with government connections, was commissioned to create two [[bas-relief]]s for the [[Casa de Tucumán|Historical House of Tucumán]].


[[File:Lola Mora en Taller con modelo.jpg|thumb|left|Mora working at her studio in 1903]]
⚫
Although it is not commonly known, Lola Mora obtained various patents. One included a system to project [[film]]s without a screen (using a column of [[vapor]]), as well as systems for [[mining]].<ref>[http://www.infobae.com/notas/nota.php?Idx=187075&IdxSeccion=100438 ''Los mejores inventos argentinos de la historia''] {{es}}</ref>
⚫
As her career developed, her sensual style and her status as a female artist made her controversial. In 1903 her ''[[Nereids]] Fountain'', created for the city of [[Buenos Aires]], met bureaucratic problems at the city's Deliberative Council, which had the sculpture moved around from place to place.

⚫
Near the end of her life, she entered into some extravagant business (such as financing [[petroleum]] surveys in [[Salta Province|Salta]]), and then retired with only a [[pension]] to support herself. After her death in Buenos Aires, in poverty and obscurity, her friends burned her letters, mementos, and personal diaries.

⚫
Mora obtained various patents. One included a system to project [[film]]s without a screen (using a column of [[vapor]]), as well as systems for [[mining]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.infobae.com/notas/nota.php?Idx=187075&IdxSeccion=100438|title=''Los mejores inventos argentinos de la historia''}}</ref>

Mora was the subject of the 1996 film ''{{ill|Lola Mora (film)|es|Lola Mora (película)}}'', directed by Argentine director {{ill|Javier Torre|es}}.<ref>http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1054987-javier-torre-refleja-la-violencia-actual (Spanish-language)</ref>
{{clear}}


==Works==
==Works==
Mora's works include (in Buenos Aires unless otherwise noted):
⚫
[[Image:Estatuas de Lola Mora 2.jpg|thumb|left|Monument to Liberty along the Monument to the Flag in [[Rosario]].]]
⚫
* two bas-reliefs at the House of Tucumán, with the themes of the [[May Revolution]]'s First National Government and the Declaration of Independence, 1900
Some of Lola Mora's works are:
* the [[Landmarks in Buenos Aires#Las Nereidas|Nereids Fountain]], now located at [[Puerto Madero]], 1903
⚫
* The above mentioned bass-reliefs at the House of Tucumán, with the themes of the [[May Revolution]]'s First National Government and the Declaration of Independence.
* two major sculptural groups flanking the entrance, and other interior and exterior work, [[Palace of the Argentine National Congress]], inaugurated 1906 (four allegorical sculptures of ''Peace, Justice, Liberty'' and ''Progress'' were moved to the grounds of the Government House of [[San Salvador de Jujuy]])
⚫
* A Statue of Liberty, also in [[San Miguel de Tucumán]].
⚫
* several sculpture groups placed along the "Oath Passage" in the historic centre of [[Rosario]], leading to the [[National Flag Memorial (Argentina)|National Flag Memorial]]
* The Nereids Fountain, now located at Costanera Sur, Buenos Aires, and the Avellaneda Memorial.
* female figure for the crypt of Ramon Lopez Lecube, [[La Recoleta Cemetery]], circa 1912<ref>City of Angels: The History of Recoleta Cemetery : a Guide to Its Treasures, OLMO Ediciones, 2002, page 71</ref>
⚫
* Several sculpture groups placed in the historic center of [[Rosario]], flanking the way to the propylaeum of the [[National Flag Memorial (Argentina)|National Flag Memorial]].
* Avellaneda Memorial, Plaza Alsina, Avellaneda, 1913
* Four [[allegory|allegoric]] sculptures called Peace, Justice, Liberty and Progress, originally created for the National Congress building, but then placed around the building of the Government House of [[San Salvador de Jujuy]].
⚫
* ''Liberty'', Independence Square, [[San Miguel de Tucumán]]
* Monument to [[Francisco Narciso de Laprida]], [[San José de Jáchal]]


<gallery>
==Sources==
⚫
File:Estatuas de Lola Mora 2.jpg|Monument to [[Liberty (goddess)|Liberty]] along the Monument to the Flag in [[Rosario]]
⚫
* [http://visitetuc.8m.com/info_adicional/lola_mora.htm VisiteTuc.com] - A site about Tucumán.
File:Fuente de las Nereidas by Lola Mora 06.JPG|''The Nereids Fountain'', Buenos Aires
⚫
* [http://www.practicosas.com.ar/curiosidades/mujarg.htm Practicosas.com.ar] - A women's site with a romantic biography.
File:El Progreso.JPG|Progress
⚫
* [http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/gobernacion/drpublicas/informacion1.htm#esculturas Municipality of Jujuy] - Official website.
File:Recoleta 011.jpg|Grave in [[La Recoleta Cemetery]]
⚫
* [http://www.unr.edu.ar/rosario/depaseo/fotos4/fotos4.htm Universidad Nacional de Rosario] - Pictures of the Oath Passage in Rosario, flanked by Lola Mora's sculptures.
File:Estatuas de Lola Mora en el Congreso Nacional (lado Norte).JPG|Statues in the [[National Congress of Argentina|National Congress]]
File:Estatuas de Lola Mora 6.jpg|[[Grenadier]] ([[Argentine Army]])
File:La Justicia.JPG|[[Lady Justice]]
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|refs = 1- Haedo, Oscar Félix (1974) Lola Mora: Vida y obra de la primera escultora argentina. Eudeba.}}
{{reflist|Lola Mora, by Moira Soto. Editorial Planeta publisher, Buenos Aires, 1992. ISBN 950-742-135-1.}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons-inline|Lola Mora}}
{{commons category|Lola Mora}}
⚫
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20061101162446/http://visitetuc.8m.com/info_adicional/lola_mora.htm VisiteTuc.com] - A site about Tucumán
⚫
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051028041126/http://www.practicosas.com.ar/curiosidades/mujarg.htm Practicosas.com.ar] - A women's site with a romantic biography
⚫
* [http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/gobernacion/drpublicas/informacion1.htm#esculturas Municipality of Jujuy] - Official website
⚫
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051107085506/http://www.unr.edu.ar/rosario/depaseo/fotos4/fotos4.htm Universidad Nacional de Rosario] - Pictures of the Oath Passage in Rosario, flanked by Lola Mora's sculptures


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Mora, Lola}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mora, Lola}}
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[[Category:Argentine sculptors]]
⚫
[[Category:People from Salta Province]]
[[Category:1866 births]]
[[Category:1866 births]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:Argentine inventors]]
[[Category:Argentine inventors]]
⚫
[[Category:Argentine women sculptors]]
⚫
[[Category:People from Salta Province]]
[[Category:People from Tucumán Province]]
[[Category:People from Tucumán Province]]
[[Category:Argentine women artists]]
[[Category:19th-century Argentine sculptors]]
[[Category:Women sculptors]]
[[Category:20th-century Argentine sculptors]]
[[Category:19th-century Argentine women artists]]
[[Category:20th-century Argentine women artists]]
[[Category:Women inventors]]
[[Category:20th-century women sculptors]]

Latest revision as of 09:34, 31 October 2024

Lola Mora
Mora in 1903
Born
Dolores Candelaria Mora Vega

(1866-11-17)17 November 1866
San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
Died7 June 1936(1936-06-07) (aged 69)
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Resting placeLa Chacarita Cemetery
EducationGiulio Monteverde
Known forSculpture
Notable workLas Nereidas
MovementClassicism

Dolores Candelaria Mora Vega (17 November 1866 – 7 June 1936), known professionally as Lola Mora, was an Argentine sculptor. She is known today as a cultural rebel and a pioneer of women in her artistic field.

Early life

[edit]
Mora in the 1890s

Dolores was the daughter of Romualdo Alejandro Mora, a prosperous landowner of Tucumán Province of Spanish origin and Regina Vega. She was the third born of seven children, three boys and four girls. Her parents decided that the girls should also have the best education possible (unusual behavior for the time). In 1870, her parents moved the family to San Miguel del Tucumán when Lola was four years old. At seven years of age, she was a boarding school pupil at Colegio Sarmiento de Tucumán Province. In 1885, both her parents died within two days. Her older sister Paula Mora Vega married the engineer Guillermo Rucker, and together took care of the orphans.[1]

Education

[edit]

At 20 years of age she began painting portraits, but soon turned to sculpting marble and granite. She studied art in her home province and then, with a scholarship, in Rome, Italy, studying under Costantino Barbella and Giulio Monteverde.[2] In 1900 she returned to Argentina and, with government connections, was commissioned to create two bas-reliefs for the Historical House of Tucumán.

Mora working at her studio in 1903

As her career developed, her sensual style and her status as a female artist made her controversial. In 1903 her Nereids Fountain, created for the city of Buenos Aires, met bureaucratic problems at the city's Deliberative Council, which had the sculpture moved around from place to place.

Near the end of her life, she entered into some extravagant business (such as financing petroleum surveys in Salta), and then retired with only a pension to support herself. After her death in Buenos Aires, in poverty and obscurity, her friends burned her letters, mementos, and personal diaries.

Mora obtained various patents. One included a system to project films without a screen (using a column of vapor), as well as systems for mining.[3]

Mora was the subject of the 1996 film Lola Mora (film) [es], directed by Argentine director Javier Torre [es].[4]

Works

[edit]

Mora's works include (in Buenos Aires unless otherwise noted):

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Haedo, Oscar Félix (1974). Lola Mora: Vida y obra de la primera escultora argentina. Eudeba.
  2. ^ Encyclopedia of Contemporary Latin American and Caribbean Cultures, edited by Daniel Balderston, Mike Gonzalez, Ana M. Lopez, 2002, page 994
  3. ^ "Los mejores inventos argentinos de la historia".
  4. ^ http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1054987-javier-torre-refleja-la-violencia-actual (Spanish-language)
  5. ^ City of Angels: The History of Recoleta Cemetery : a Guide to Its Treasures, OLMO Ediciones, 2002, page 71
[edit]
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