Jerome Tiger: Difference between revisions

Jerome R. Tiger
Jerome R. Tiger
Born	July 8, 1941; Talequah, Oklahoma
Died	August 13, 1967 (aged 26)
Nationality	Muscogee Nation
Other names	Jerome Richard Tiger
Occupation	painter
Years active	1962–1967

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Jerome Richard Tiger (July 8, 1941 – August 13, 1967) was a Muscogee Nation-Seminole painter from Oklahoma.^[1] Tiger produced hundreds of paintings from 1962 until his death in 1967.^[1]^[2]

A fullblood Muscogee Creek-Seminole, Tiger's style is said to be a combination of "spiritual vision, humane understanding, and technical virtuosity" but with traditional subject matter and composition.^[1]

His paintings first gained recognition at the Philbrook Museum of Art.^[2]

Early life

Born in Tahlequah, Oklahoma on July 8, 1941, Tiger attended public schools in Eufaula, Oklahoma and Muskogee, Oklahoma.^[2] English was not his first language.^[1] He was a citizen of the Muscogee Nation^[3] and was also of Seminole descent.

Dropping out of high school at the age of 16, Tiger joined the United States Navy and served in the Naval Reserve from 1958 to 1960.^[2] He also worked as a laborer and prize fighter.^[1] He studied at the Cleveland Engineering Institute in Cleveland, Ohio, but dropped out after one year.^[2] Tiger married Peggy Richmond and they had three children.

Artistic career

In 1962, a friend encouraged Tiger to submit his paintings to the American Indian Artists Annual at the Philbrook Museum of Art in Tulsa, Oklahoma.^[2] He began to produce a prolific number of paintings over the next several years,^[1] winning numerous awards.^[2] In 1966, the Philbrook Museum of Art displayed a solo exhibit of Tiger's art.^[2] During this time, he lived in Muskogee, Oklahoma.^[4]

Tiger was compared to Rembrandt and Francisco Goya because of his ability to draw an object or person after a short glance.^[1] He worked in oil, watercolor, tempera, casein, pencil, and pen and ink.^[4]

Death and legacy

Tiger died from a handgun accident at the age of 26.^[2] In the early hours of August 13, 1967, after a night of shooting at fence posts with friends, a bullet discharged accidentally from his . 22-caliber handgun, killing him instantly and ending his promising career. His art can be found at the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Philbrook and Gilcrease Museums in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the OSU Museum of Art in Stillwater, Oklahoma, the Five Civilized Tribes Museum in Muskogee, Oklahoma, the Woolaroc Museum near Bartlesville, Oklahoma, the Museum of New Mexico in Santa Fe, New Mexico, the Museum of the American Indian and the Bureau of Indian Affairs.^[2]

Jerome's brother Johnny Tiger, Jr. and daughter Dana Tiger^[5] are successful artists. His son Chris, who was a budding artist, was killed in 1990. Jerome's other daughter, Lisa Tiger, is a prominent AIDS educator and activist as well as a motivational speaker.^[6] In addition to his immediate family, many of Tiger's relatives were also artists, including Edmond Joshua, Jr. (1936–2005)^[7] and his brother Lee Roy Joshua (died 2001). Both were primarily painters working in oil, acrylic, watercolor and other media,^[8] and Edmond also worked in sculpture.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Jerome Tiger (1941–1967) Archived December 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Mid-America All Indian Center (accessed May 25, 2010).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Hunt, Dave C., 'Tiger, Jerome Richard (1941–1967) Archived July 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture Archived May 31, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (accessed May 25, 2010).
^ "Muscogee (Creek) Nation Announces Living Legends Honorees". Muscogee Nation. June 19, 2016. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
^ ^a ^b Tiger, Jerome Richard, Native Arts of America (accessed May 25, 2010).
^ "Dana Tiger–Creek Tribe." Native American Art Exhibit. (retrieved May 26, 2010)
^ [1] Archived May 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Lisa Tiger HIV/AIDS Educator (retrieved May 26, 2010)
^ ^a ^b Lester, Patrick D. (1995). The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-8061-9936-8.
^ "Joshua, Lee". Native Arts of America. Archived from the original on January 14, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2015.

External links

Official website, maintained by Dana Tiger
Jerome Tiger (1941–1967), Mid-America All Indian Center
Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Jerome Richard Tiger Archived July 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine

[indiancenter-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Jerome Tiger (1941–1967) Archived December 23, 2010, at the Wayback Machine, Mid-America All Indian Center (accessed May 25, 2010).

[okhist-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Hunt, Dave C., 'Tiger, Jerome Richard (1941–1967) Archived July 19, 2010, at the Wayback Machine," Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture Archived May 31, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (accessed May 25, 2010).

[3] "Muscogee (Creek) Nation Announces Living Legends Honorees". Muscogee Nation. June 19, 2016. Retrieved August 30, 2023.

[native-4] Tiger, Jerome Richard, Native Arts of America (accessed May 25, 2010).

[5] "Dana Tiger–Creek Tribe." Native American Art Exhibit. (retrieved May 26, 2010)

[6] [1] Archived May 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Lisa Tiger HIV/AIDS Educator (retrieved May 26, 2010)

[Lester_(1995)-7] Lester, Patrick D. (1995). The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 275. ISBN 978-0-8061-9936-8.

[Lee_Joshua_bio-8] "Joshua, Lee". Native Arts of America. Archived from the original on January 14, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2015.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2021}}
-[[File:Jerome tiger painting.jpg|thumb|240px|''[[Stomp Dance]]'', painting by Jerome Tiger, 1967, [[Oklahoma History Center]]]]
+{{Short description|American painter}}
-'''Jerome Richard Tiger''' (1941–1967) was a highly influential Native American [[painting|painter]] from [[Oklahoma]].<ref name="indiancenter">[http://www.theindiancenter.org/Museum/Artists/jerometiger.htm Jerome Tiger (1941-1967)], [http://www.theindiancenter.org/ Mid-America All Indian Center] (accessed May 25, 2010).</ref> Tiger produced hundreds of paintings from 1962 until his death in 1967.<ref name="indiancenter"/><ref name="okhist"/>
+{{Infobox person
+| name          = <!-- include middle initial, if not specified in birth_name -->Jerome R. Tiger
+| image         = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
+| alt           = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
+| caption       =
+| birth_name    = <!-- only use if different from name -->
+| birth_date    = <!-- {{birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. -->July 8, 1941
+| birth_place   = [[Talequah, Oklahoma]]
+| death_date    = {{Death date and age|1967|08|13|1941|07|08}}
+| death_place   =
+| nationality   = [[Muscogee Nation]]
+| other_names   = Jerome Richard Tiger
+| occupation    = painter
+| years_active  = 1962–1967
+| known_for     =
+| notable_works =
+}}[[File:Jerome tiger painting.jpg|thumb|240px|''[[Stomp Dance]]'', painting by Jerome Tiger, 1967, [[Oklahoma History Center]]]]
+'''Jerome Richard Tiger''' (July 8, 1941 – August 13, 1967) was a [[Muscogee Nation]]-[[Seminole]] [[painting|painter]] from [[Oklahoma]].<ref name="indiancenter">[http://www.theindiancenter.org/Museum/Artists/jerometiger.htm Jerome Tiger (1941–1967)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223220428/http://theindiancenter.org/Museum/Artists/jerometiger.htm |date=December 23, 2010 }}, [http://www.theindiancenter.org/ Mid-America All Indian Center] (accessed May 25, 2010).</ref> Tiger produced hundreds of paintings from 1962 until his death in 1967.<ref name="indiancenter" /><ref name="okhist" />
-A fullblood [[Muscogee Creek]]-[[Seminole]], Tiger's style is said to be a combination of "spiritual vision, humane understanding, and technical virtuosity" but with traditional subject matter and composition.<ref name="indiancenter"/>
+A fullblood [[Muscogee Creek]]-[[Seminole]], Tiger's style is said to be a combination of "spiritual vision, humane understanding, and technical virtuosity" but with traditional subject matter and composition.<ref name="indiancenter" />
-His paintings first gained recognition at the [[Philbrook Museum of Art]].<ref name="okhist"/>
+His paintings first gained recognition at the [[Philbrook Museum of Art]].<ref name="okhist" />
 ==Early life==
-Born in [[Tahlequah, Oklahoma]] on July 8, 1941, Tiger attended public schools in [[Eufaula, Oklahoma]] and [[Muskogee, Oklahoma]].<ref name="okhist">Hunt, Dave C., '[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TI001.html Tiger, Jerome Richard (1941-1967)]," ''[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture]'' (accessed May 25, 2010).</ref> English was not his first language.<ref name="indiancenter"/>
+Born in [[Tahlequah, Oklahoma]] on July 8, 1941, Tiger attended public schools in [[Eufaula, Oklahoma]] and [[Muskogee, Oklahoma]].<ref name="okhist">Hunt, Dave C., '[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TI001.html Tiger, Jerome Richard (1941–1967)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719162831/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TI001.html |date=July 19, 2010 }}," ''[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100531193517/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/ |date=May 31, 2010 }}'' (accessed May 25, 2010).</ref> English was not his first language.<ref name="indiancenter" /> He was a citizen of the [[Muscogee Nation]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.muscogeenation.com/2016/06/19/living-legends-awards/ |title=Muscogee (Creek) Nation Announces Living Legends Honorees |date=June 19, 2016 |publisher=[[Muscogee Nation]] |accessdate=2023-08-30}}</ref> and was also of [[Seminole]] descent.
-Dropping out of high school at the age of 16, Tiger joined the [[United States Navy]] and served in the Naval Reserve from 1958 to 1960.<ref name="okhist"/> He also worked as a laborer and prize fighter.<ref name="indiancenter"/> He studied at the Cleveland Engineering Institute in [[Cleveland, Ohio]], but dropped out after one year.<ref name="okhist"/>
+Dropping out of high school at the age of 16, Tiger joined the [[United States Navy]] and served in the Naval Reserve from 1958 to 1960.<ref name="okhist" /> He also worked as a laborer and prize fighter.<ref name="indiancenter" /> He studied at the Cleveland Engineering Institute in [[Cleveland, Ohio]], but dropped out after one year.<ref name="okhist" /> Tiger married [[Peggy Tiger|Peggy Richmond]] and they had three children.
 ==Artistic career==
-In 1962, a friend encouraged Tiger to submit his paintings to the American Indian Artists Annual at the Philbrook Museum of Art in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]].<ref name="okhist"/> He began to produce a prolific number of paintings over the next several years,<ref name="indiancenter"/> winning numerous awards.<ref name="okhist"/> In 1966, the Philbrook Museum of Art displayed a solo exhibit of Tiger's art.<ref name="okhist"/> During this time, he lived in [[Muskogee, Oklahoma]].<ref name="native">[http://www.nativeartsofamerica.com/artists/tiger-jerome-richard Tiger, Jerome Richard], [http://www.nativeartsofamerica.com/ Native Arts of America] (accessed May 25, 2010).</ref>
+In 1962, a friend encouraged Tiger to submit his paintings to the American Indian Artists Annual at the Philbrook Museum of Art in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]].<ref name="okhist" /> He began to produce a prolific number of paintings over the next several years,<ref name="indiancenter" /> winning numerous awards.<ref name="okhist" /> In 1966, the Philbrook Museum of Art displayed a solo exhibit of Tiger's art.<ref name="okhist" /> During this time, he lived in [[Muskogee, Oklahoma]].<ref name="native">[http://www.nativeartsofamerica.com/artists/tiger-jerome-richard Tiger, Jerome Richard], [http://www.nativeartsofamerica.com/ Native Arts of America] (accessed May 25, 2010).</ref>
-Tiger was compared to [[Rembrandt]] and [[Francisco Goya]] because of his ability to draw an object or person after a short glance.<ref name="indiancenter"/> He worked in oil, watercolor, tempera, casein, pencil, and pen and ink.<ref name="native"/>
+Tiger was compared to [[Rembrandt]] and [[Francisco Goya]] because of his ability to draw an object or person after a short glance.<ref name="indiancenter" /> He worked in oil, watercolor, tempera, casein, pencil, and pen and ink.<ref name="native" />
 ==Death and legacy==
-Tiger died from a handgun accident on August 13, 1967, at the age of 26.<ref name="okhist"/> His art can be found at the Philbrook and [[Gilcrease Museum]]s in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]], the [[Five Civilized Tribes Museum]] in [[Muskogee, Oklahoma]], the [[Woolaroc Museum]] near [[Bartlesville, Oklahoma]], the [[Museum of New Mexico]] in [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]], the [[Museum of the American Indian]] and the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]].<ref name="okhist"/>
+Tiger died from a handgun accident at the age of 26.<ref name="okhist" /> In the early hours of August 13, 1967, after a night of shooting at fence posts with friends, a bullet discharged accidentally from his . 22-caliber handgun, killing him instantly and ending his promising career. His art can be found at the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Philbrook and [[Gilcrease Museum]]s in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]], the OSU Museum of Art in Stillwater, Oklahoma, the [[Five Civilized Tribes Museum]] in [[Muskogee, Oklahoma]], the [[Woolaroc Museum]] near [[Bartlesville, Oklahoma]], the [[Museum of New Mexico]] in [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]], the [[Museum of the American Indian]] and the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]].<ref name="okhist" />
-Jerome's brother, [[Johnny Tiger, Jr.]] and daughter, Dana Tiger. <ref>[http://www.artnatam.com/dtiger/bio.html "Dana Tiger - Creek Tribe."] ''Native American Art Exhibit.'' (retrieved 26 May 2010)</ref> are successful artists. Jerome's other daughter, Lisa Tiger, is a prominent AIDS educator and activist as well as a motivational speaker. <ref>[http://www.lisatiger.com/] ''Lisa Tiger HIV/AIDS Educator'' (retrieved 26 May 2010)</ref>
+Jerome's brother [[Johnny Tiger, Jr.]] and daughter [[Dana Tiger]]<ref>[http://www.artnatam.com/dtiger/bio.html "Dana Tiger–Creek Tribe."] ''Native American Art Exhibit.'' (retrieved May 26, 2010)</ref> are successful artists. His son Chris, who was a budding artist, was killed in 1990. Jerome's other daughter, Lisa Tiger, is a prominent AIDS educator and activist as well as a motivational speaker.<ref>[http://www.lisatiger.com/] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100514110831/http://lisatiger.com/ |date=May 14, 2010 }} ''Lisa Tiger HIV/AIDS Educator'' (retrieved May 26, 2010)</ref> In addition to his immediate family, many of Tiger's relatives were also artists, including [[Edmond Joshua, Jr.]] (1936–2005)<ref name="Lester (1995)">{{Cite book |last=Lester |first=Patrick D. |url=https://archive.org/details/biographicaldire0000lest |title=The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters |publisher=University of Oklahoma Press |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-8061-9936-8 |location=Norman, Oklahoma |page=[https://archive.org/details/biographicaldire0000lest/page/275 275] |url-access=registration}}</ref> and his brother [[Lee Roy Joshua]] (died 2001). Both were primarily painters working in oil, acrylic, watercolor and other media,<ref name="Lee Joshua bio">{{Cite web |title=Joshua, Lee |url=http://www.nativeartsofamerica.com/artists/joshua-lee |publisher=Native Arts of America |accessdate=September 30, 2015 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140114004123/http://www.nativeartsofamerica.com/artists/joshua-lee |archivedate=January 14, 2014}}</ref> and Edmond also worked in sculpture.<ref name="Lester (1995)" />
 ==See also==
 *[[Bacone school]]
-*[[Muscogee (Creek) Nation]]
 *[[List of Native American artists from Oklahoma]]
-*[[Seminole Tribe of Oklahoma]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 31: / Line 47: @@
 ==Further reading==
-* Tiger, Peggy and Molly Babcock. ''The Life and Art of Jerome Tiger: From War to Peace, Death to Life.'' Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1980. ISBN 0806116560.
+* Peggy Tiger and Molly Babcock. ''The Life and Art of Jerome Tiger: From War to Peace, Death to Life.'' Norman: University of Oklahoma, 1980. {{ISBN|0-8061-1656-0}}.
 ==External links==
-*[http://www.theindiancenter.org/Museum/Artists/jerometiger.htm Jerome Tiger (1941 - 1967)], Mid-America All Indian Center
+* [http://www.tigerartgallery.com/art-gallery/jerome-tiger-1941-1967/ Official website], maintained by [[Dana Tiger]]
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101223220428/http://theindiancenter.org/Museum/Artists/jerometiger.htm Jerome Tiger (1941–1967)], Mid-America All Indian Center
-*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TI001.html Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Jerome Richard Tiger]
+*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TI001.html Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Jerome Richard Tiger] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100719162831/http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/T/TI001.html |date=July 19, 2010 }}
+{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:20th-century Native American painters]]
-[[Category:Painters from Oklahoma]]
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Tiger, Jerome}}
 [[Category:1941 births]]
 [[Category:1967 deaths]]
-[[Category:Seminole tribe]]
+[[Category:People from Tahlequah, Oklahoma]]
-[[Category:People from Cherokee County, Oklahoma]]
+[[Category:Native American painters]]
+[[Category:Painters from Oklahoma]]
+[[Category:American people of Seminole descent]]
 [[Category:Accidental deaths in Oklahoma]]
 [[Category:Deaths by firearm in Oklahoma]]
-[[Category:United States Navy personnel]]
+[[Category:United States Navy sailors]]
-[[Category:20th-century Indigenous painters of the Americas]]
+[[Category:United States Navy reservists]]
+[[Category:Firearm accident victims in the United States]]
+[[Category:Native American military personnel]]
+[[Category:Muscogee (Creek) Nation people]]
+[[Category:Muscogee male artists]]
+[[Category:Muscogee artists]]

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