1987 West German federal election: Difference between revisions

Co-optation of Volkskammer members into the Bundestag
	All 641 seats in the Bundestag; 321 seats needed for a majority
Third Kohl cabinet; CDU/CSU–FDP	Third Kohl cabinet; CDU/CSU–FDP–DSU

1987 West German federal election
← outgoing members elected members →
All 497 seats in the Bundestag; 249 seats needed for a majority
Registered	45,327,982 2.8%
Turnout	38,225,294 (84.3%) 4.8pp
	The left side shows the winning party vote in the constituencies, the right side shows the seats won by parties in each of the states. The pie chart over West Berlin shows the partisan composition of its legislature.
Government before election; Second Kohl cabinet; CDU/CSU–FDP	Government after election ; Third Kohl cabinet; CDU/CSU–FDP

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Revision as of 06:29, 12 September 2024

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 25 January 1987 to elect the members of the 11th Bundestag. This was the last federal election held in West Germany before German reunification.

Issues and campaign

The SPD nominated Johannes Rau, their vice chairman and the Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia, as their candidate for Chancellor. However, the SPD suffered from internal divisions and competition with the Greens.^{[citation needed]} It was also unclear as to how they would form a government, as the Greens were divided over whether to take part in governments.^{[citation needed]}

One of the major issues in this election was the environment, after the Chernobyl disaster and other accidents.^{[citation needed]}

Results



Party		Party-list			Constituency			Seats
Party		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Elected	West Berlin	Total	+/–
	Social Democratic Party	14,025,763	37.04	107	14,787,953	39.18	79	186	7	193	–9
	Christian Democratic Union	13,045,745	34.45	50	14,168,527	37.54	124	174	11	185	–17
	Christian Social Union	3,715,827	9.81	4	3,859,244	10.23	45	49	0	49	–4
	Free Democratic Party	3,440,911	9.09	46	1,760,496	4.66	0	46	2	48	+13
	The Greens	3,126,256	8.26	42	2,649,459	7.02	0	42	2	44	+16
	National Democratic Party	227,054	0.60	0	182,880	0.48	0	0	0	0	0
	Ecological Democratic Party	109,152	0.29	0	40,765	0.11	0	0	0	0	0
	The Women	62,904	0.17	0				0	0	0	New
	Bavaria Party	26,367	0.07	0	8,024	0.02	0	0	0	0	0
	Responsible Citizens	24,630	0.07	0	611	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Patriots for Germany	22,732	0.06	0	27,352	0.07	0	0	0	0	New
	Centre Party	19,035	0.05	0	4,020	0.01	0	0	0	0	New
	Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany	13,422	0.04	0	596	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Christian Bavarian People's Party	5,282	0.01	0	741	0.00	0	0	0	0	0
	All Social Insurants and Pensioners	1,834	0.00	0	3,151	0.01	0	0	0	0	New
	Free German Workers' Party	405	0.00	0	349	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Humanist Party				788	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Solidarity				754	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Independent Workers' Party				352	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Family Party				130	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Free Social Union				110	0.00	0	0	0	0	New
	Independents and voter groups				246,511	0.65	0	0	0	0	0
Total		37,867,319	100.00	249	37,742,813	100.00	248	497	22	519	–1

Valid votes		37,867,319	99.06		37,742,813	98.74
Invalid/blank votes		357,975	0.94		482,481	1.26
Total votes		38,225,294	100.00		38,225,294	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		45,327,982	84.33		45,327,982	84.33
Source: Bundeswahlleiter

Results by state

Constituency seats

State	Total seats	Seats won
		CDU	SPD	CSU

Baden-Württemberg	37	36	1
Bavaria	45			45
Bremen	3		3
Hamburg	7	2	5
Hesse	22	14	8
Lower Saxony	31	18	13
North Rhine-Westphalia	71	33	38
Rhineland-Palatinate	16	11	5
Saarland	5	2	3
Schleswig-Holstein	11	8	3
Total	248	124	79	45

List seats

State	Total seats	Seats won
		SPD	CDU	FDP	Grüne	CSU

Baden-Württemberg	37	21		9	7
Bavaria	42	24		7	7	4
Bremen	4		2	1	1
Hamburg	7	1	3	1	2
Hesse	23	10	5	4	4
Lower Saxony	32	13	8	6	5
North Rhine-Westphalia	72	24	25	12	11
Rhineland-Palatinate	16	7	4	3	2
Saarland	5	1	2	1	1
Schleswig-Holstein	11	6	1	2	2
Total	249	107	50	46	42	4

Aftermath

The coalition between the CDU/CSU and the FDP returned to government, with Helmut Kohl as Chancellor. The Greens came into parliament for the second time and seemed to be established on federal level.

Co-option of East German Volkskammer after reunification

In order to determine the composition of the East German representatives in the Bundestag between German reunification and the first post-reunification elections in December 1990, the results of the 1990 East German general election were recounted, using the new states of Germany as constituencies. This was possible since the original election results were declared on the Kreis level, and the states were re-established by simply amalgamating Kreise together. The results in each Kreis forming a state were summed up to determine the statewide result. The recount fixed the number of Volkskammer members from each party who would be co-opted into the Bundestag elected in 1987.^[1] The 22 Non-voting representatives of West Berlin already became full voting members on 8 June 1990, in advance of unification.

Co-optation results

Seats

State		Total seats	Seats won
			CDU	SPD	PDS	FDP	DSU	B90/G	VL

Brandenburg		22	8	7	4	1	1	1
Berlin	Total	33	13	11	2	3		1	1
	East	11	2	4	2	1		1	1
	West	22	11	7		2		2
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern		17	7	4	4	1		1
Saxony		43	20	7	6	3	5	2
Saxony-Anhalt		27	12	7	4	2	1	1
Thuringia		24	14	4	3	1	1	1
Total (East Germany Only)		144	63	33	23	9	8	7	1
Total (Including West Berlin)		166	74	40	23	11	8	9	1

Notes

^ As well as 22 non-voting delegates for West Berlin, elected by the West Berlin Legislature.
^ As well as 11 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.
^ As well as 7 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.
^ As well as 2 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.
^ As well as 2 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.

References

^ Mandatsverteilung der ehemaligen Volkskammerabgeordneten im XI. Bundestag am 03.10.1990 Archived 2022-10-03 at the Wayback Machine Wahlen in Deutschland

Sources

[1] As well as 22 non-voting delegates for West Berlin, elected by the West Berlin Legislature.

[2] As well as 11 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.

[3] As well as 7 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.

[4] As well as 2 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.

[5] As well as 2 non-voting delegates for West Berlin.

[6] Mandatsverteilung der ehemaligen Volkskammerabgeordneten im XI. Bundestag am 03.10.1990 Archived 2022-10-03 at the Wayback Machine Wahlen in Deutschland

[a]

[b]

[c]

[d]

[e]

[1]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2013}}
 {{Infobox election
-| country = Burkina Faso
+| country = West Germany
 | type = parliamentary
+| previous_election = 1983 West German federal election
-| ongoing = no
+| previous_year = 1983
-| previous_election = 1949 West German federal election
+| election_date = {{Start date|df=yes|1987|01|25}}
-| previous_year = 1949
+| next_election = 1990 German federal election
-| election_date = {{Start date|1953|09|06|df=y}}
+| next_year = 1990<br>{{small|(reunification)}}
-| next_election = 1957 West German federal election
+| outgoing_members = List of members of the 10th Bundestag
-| next_year = 1957
-| outgoing_members = List of members of the 1st Bundestag
+| elected_members = List of members of the 11th Bundestag
+| seats_for_election = All 497 seats in the [[Bundestag]]{{Efn|As well as 22 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]], elected by the West Berlin Legislature.}}
-| elected_members = List of members of the 2nd Bundestag
+| majority_seats = 249
-| seats_for_election = All 487 seats in the [[Bundestag]]{{Efn|As well as the 22 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]], elected by the West Berlin Legislature.}}
+| registered = 45,327,982 {{increase}} 2.8%
-| majority_seats = 244
+| turnout = 38,225,294 (84.3%) {{decrease}} 4.8[[percentage point|pp]]
-| registered = 33,120,940 {{increase}} 6.1%
-| turnout = 28,479,550 (86.0%) {{increase}} 7.5[[percentage point|pp]]
+| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F074398-0021 Kohl (cropped).jpg|bSize = 128|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
-<!-- KPD -->
+| candidate1 = [[Helmut Kohl]]
-| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Bundesarchiv Bild 183-S99067, Berlin, III. SED-Parteitag (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
+| party1 = CDU/CSU
-| candidate1 = [[Max Reimann]]
+| last_election1 = 48.8%, 244 seats
-| party1 = Communist Party of Germany
+| seats1 = '''223'''{{Efn|As well as 11 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
-| last_election1 = 5.7%, 15 seats
+| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 21
-| seats1 = 487{{Efn|As well as 11 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
+| popular_vote1 = '''16,761,572'''
-| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 472
+| percentage1 = '''44.3%'''
-| popular_vote1 = 28,358,987
+| swing1 = {{decrease}} 4.5pp
-| percentage1 = 99.5%
-| swing1 = {{decrease}} 0.4pp
+| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F073494-0025, Bundespressekonferenz, Bundestagswahlkampf, Rau.jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
-<!-- SPD -->
+| candidate2 = [[Johannes Rau]]
-| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Bundesarchiv Bild 183-21272-0001, Erich Ollenhauer.jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
-| candidate2 = [[Erich Ollenhauer]]
 | party2 = Social Democratic Party of Germany
-| last_election2 = 29.2%, 131 seats
+| last_election2 = 38.2%, 193 seats
-| seats2 = 151{{Efn|As well as 11 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
+| seats2 = 186{{Efn|As well as 7 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
-| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 20
+| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 7
-| popular_vote2 = 64,346
+| popular_vote2 = 14,025,763
-| percentage2 = 0.2%
+| percentage2 = 37.0%
-| swing2 = {{decrease}} 0.4pp
+| swing2 = {{decrease}} 1.2pp
+| image4 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-F052010-0020, Kiel, FDP-Bundesparteitag, Bangemann.jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 10|oLeft = 0}}
-<!-- FDP -->
+| candidate4 = [[Martin Bangemann]]
-| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Bundesarchiv B 145 Bild-P001512, Franz Blücher 2.jpg|bSize = 125|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 2}}
+| party4 = Free Democratic Party (Germany)
-| candidate3 = [[Franz Blücher]]
+| last_election4 = 6.9%, 34 seats
-| party3 = Free Democratic Party (Germany)
+| seats4 = 46{{Efn|As well as 2 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
-| last_election3 = 11.9%, 52 seats
+| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 12
-| seats3 = 48{{Efn|As well as 5 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
+| popular_vote4 = 3,440,911
-| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 4
-| popular_vote3 = 0
+| percentage4 = 9.1%
+| swing4 = {{increase}} 2.2pp
-| percentage3 = 0.2%
-| swing3 = {{decrease}} 2.0p
+| image5 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Petra Kelly, 1987 (cropped).jpg|bSize = 120|cWidth = 120|cHeight = 160|oTop = 0|oLeft = 0}}
+| candidate5 = [[Petra Kelly]]
+| party5 = Alliance 90/The Greens
+| last_election5 = 5.6%, 27 seats
+| seats5 = 42{{Efn|As well as 2 [[:de:Berliner Bundestagsabgeordneter|non-voting delegates for West Berlin]].}}
+| seat_change5 = {{increase}} 15
+| popular_vote5 = 3,126,256
+| percentage5 = 8.3%
+| swing5 = {{increase}} 2.7pp
 <!-- Map -->
-| map_image = 1953 German federal election - Results by constituency.svg
+| map_image = 1987 German federal election - Results by constituency.svg
-| map_size = 333px
 | map_caption = The left side shows the winning party vote in the constituencies, the right side shows the seats won by parties in each of the states. The pie chart over West Berlin shows the partisan composition of its legislature.
 <!-- Result -->
 | title = [[Cabinet of Germany|Government]]
-| before_election = [[First Adenauer cabinet]]
+| before_election = [[Second Kohl cabinet]]
-| before_party = [[CDU/CSU]]–[[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]]–[[German Party (1947)|DP]]
+| before_party = [[CDU/CSU]]–[[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]]
 | posttitle = Government after election
-| after_election = [[Second Adenauer cabinet]]
+| after_election = [[Third Kohl cabinet]]
-| after_party = [[CDU/CSU]]–[[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]]–[[All-German Bloc/League of Expellees and Deprived of Rights|GB/BHE]]–[[German Party (1947)|DP]]
+| after_party = [[CDU/CSU]]–[[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|FDP]]
+}}{{politics of Germany}}
-}}
+[[Federal elections in Germany|Federal elections]] were held in [[West Germany]] on 25 January 1987 to elect the members of the 11th [[Bundestag]]. This was the last federal election held in West Germany before [[German reunification]].
 ==Issues and campaign==
 {{More citations needed section|date=September 2021}}

v t e Elections and referendums in Germany
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See also: Elections and referendums in Baden-Württemberg Bavaria Berlin Brandenburg Bremen Hamburg Hesse Lower Saxony Mecklenburg-Vorpommern North Rhine-Westphalia Rhineland-Palatinate Saarland Saxony Saxony-Anhalt Schleswig-Holstein Thuringia former: East Germany Free State of Prussia East Prussia