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{{Short description|Canadian film director (1930–2009)}}
{{other people||Alan King (disambiguation)}}
{{other people||Alan King (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
Line 7: Line 8:
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1930|02|06}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1930|02|06}}
| birth_name = Allan Winton King
| birth_name = Allan Winton King
| death_place = [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]], Canada
| death_place = [[Toronto|Toronto, Ontario]], Canada
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2009|06|15|1930|02|06}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2009|06|15|1930|02|06}}
| nationality = [[Canadians|Canadian]]
| nationality = [[Canadians|Canadian]]
| occupation = [[Film director]]<br>[[Film producer]]
| occupation = [[Film director]]<br>[[Film producer]]
| yearsactive = [[1956 in film|1956]] – [[2006 in film|2006]]
| yearsactive = [[1956 in film|1956]] – [[2006 in film|2006]]
| spouse = Phyllis April (1952-before 1970)<br/>Patricia Watson (1970-before 1987)<br/>[[Colleen Murphy]] (1987–2009)
| spouse = Phyllis Leiterman (1952-before 1970)<br/>[[Patricia Watson]] (1970-before 1987)<br/>[[Colleen Murphy (filmmaker)|Colleen Murphy]] (1987–2009)
| awards = [[Order of Canada]]
| awards = [[Order of Canada]]
}}
}}


'''Allan Winton King''', {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC}} (February 6, 1930 – June 15, 2009)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://toronto.ctv.ca/servlet/an/local/CTVNews/20090615/allan_king_090615/20090615/?hub=TorontoNewHome|title=Documentary filmmaker Allan King dead at 79|publisher=CTV.ca|date=2009-06-15|accessdate=2009-06-15}}</ref> was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] film director.
'''Allan Winton King''', {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|OC}} (February 6, 1930 – June 15, 2009),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/documentary-filmmaker-allan-king-dead-at-79-1.408117|title=Documentary filmmaker Allan King dead at 79|publisher=CTV.ca|date=2009-06-15|access-date=2009-06-15}}</ref> was a [[Canadians|Canadian]] film director.


==Life==
==Life==
Born in [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]] during the [[Great Depression|Depression]], King attended [[Henry Hudson Elementary School]] in [[Kitsilano]].<ref name="King">[http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-27271419_ITM ''Memories of Maria: A Contribution to the Discussion on "The Image of the Working Class in Canadian Media"''], Allan King, ''Take One'', December 1, 2001</ref> He says he became a documentary filmmaker because, "I used to have a fantasy everyone would see my films and be changed for the better. That's why you want to make films."{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}
Born in [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]], during the [[Great Depression]], King attended [[Henry Hudson Elementary School]], in [[Kitsilano]].<ref name="King">[http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-27271419_ITM ''Memories of Maria: A Contribution to the Discussion on "The Image of the Working Class in Canadian Media"''], Allan King, ''Take One'', December 1, 2001</ref>


With documentary filmmakers [[Don Haig]] and [[Beryl Fox]], King was a partner in Film Arts, a [[Toronto]]-based [[post-production]] company which worked on their film projects, as well as the television series ''[[This Hour Has Seven Days]]'', ''[[The National Dream (TV miniseries)|The National Dream]]'' and ''[[W5 (TV series)|W5]]''.<ref name=archives>[https://archive.is/20130910090145/http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&lang=eng&rec_nbr=192814&rec_nbr_list=192814 Haig-King Film Arts Ltd.] fonds at [[Library and Archives Canada]].</ref>
With documentary filmmakers [[Don Haig]] and [[Beryl Fox]], King was a partner in Film Arts, a [[Toronto]]-based [[post-production]] company that worked on their film projects and the television series ''[[This Hour Has Seven Days]]'', ''[[The National Dream (TV miniseries)|The National Dream]]'' and ''[[W5 (TV series)|W5]]''.<ref name=archives>[https://archive.today/20130910090145/http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&lang=eng&rec_nbr=192814&rec_nbr_list=192814 Haig-King Film Arts Ltd.] fonds at [[Library and Archives Canada]].</ref>


In 2002, he was made an Officer of the [[Order of Canada]]. A collection of ten of King's films was released <!-- when? --> as a collection representing various stages of life. His work was also the focus of a [[retrospective]] at the [[2002 Toronto International Film Festival]]. In 2007 [[New York City]]'s [[Museum of Modern Art]] hosted a retrospective of his work.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2007/04/24/king-retrosp-moma.html "MoMA retrospective celebrates veteran filmmaker Allan King"]. [[CBC News]], April 24, 2007.</ref> In 2009, there were similar tributes to King's work at Vancouver's [[Pacific Cinematheque]] and the [[Vancouver International Film Centre]] <ref>[https://www.straight.com/article-257546/knowledges-rudy-buttignol-reminisces-about-canadian-documentary-great-allan-king "Rudy Buttignol reminisces about Canadian documentary great Allan King"]. ''[[The Georgia Straight]]'', September 16, 2009.</ref>
In 2002, he was made an Officer of the [[Order of Canada]]. Ten of King's films were released <!-- when? --> as a collection representing various stages of his life. King's work was also the focus of a [[retrospective]] at the [[2002 Toronto International Film Festival]]. In 2007 [[New York City]]'s [[Museum of Modern Art]] hosted a retrospective of his work.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121103131326/http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2007/04/24/king-retrosp-moma.html "MoMA retrospective celebrates veteran filmmaker Allan King"]. [[CBC News]], April 24, 2007.</ref> In 2009, there were similar tributes to King's work at Vancouver's [[Pacific Cinematheque]] and the [[Vancouver International Film Centre]].<ref>[https://www.straight.com/article-257546/knowledges-rudy-buttignol-reminisces-about-canadian-documentary-great-allan-king "Rudy Buttignol reminisces about Canadian documentary great Allan King"]. ''[[The Georgia Straight]]'', September 16, 2009.</ref>


King was married three times during his life, first to [[Phyllis April King]] in 1952, then to screenwriter Patricia Watson in 1970, and finally to screenwriter [[Colleen Murphy]] in 1987.<ref name=archives /> He collaborated with both Watson and Murphy on film projects, cowriting ''[[Who Has Seen the Wind (1977 film)|Who Has Seen the Wind]]'' with Watson in 1976<ref name=archives /> and directing Murphy's screenplay for ''[[Termini Station (film)|Termini Station]]'' in 1989.
King married three times: first to Phyllis Leiterman in 1952, then to screenwriter [[Patricia Watson]] in 1970, and finally to screenwriter [[Colleen Murphy (filmmaker)|Colleen Murphy]] in 1987.<ref name=archives /> He collaborated with both Watson and Murphy on film projects. He wrote ''[[Who Has Seen the Wind (1977 film)|Who Has Seen the Wind]]'' with Watson in 1976<ref name=archives /> and directed Murphy's screenplay for ''[[Termini Station (film)|Termini Station]]'' in 1989.


==Preeminent documentarian==
==Pre-eminent documentarian==
King was a leader of the documentary technique known as [[cinema-verite]]. {{Citation needed|date=June 2009}} He ran Allan King Films Limited in [[Toronto]]. King describes his style as ''"actuality drama – filming the drama of everyday life as it happens, spontaneously without direction, interviews or narrative"''. He says he strives to ''"serve the action as unobtrusively as possible"'' and does so by becoming very familiar with the environment and people he films, by paying particular attention to movement patterns, routines and light quality.
For his films, King used the documentary technique [[cinema-verite]]. He ran Allan King Films Limited in [[Toronto]]. King described his style as "actuality drama – filming the drama of everyday life as it happens, spontaneously without direction, interviews or narrative." He said that he wanted to "serve the action as unobtrusively as possible" by becoming very familiar with both the environment and the people he filmed by paying particular attention to movement patterns, routines, and light quality.


===''Warrendale''===
==''Warrendale''==
The film tells about emotionally disturbed children who live in a Toronto institution known as Warrendale. The school practiced an experimental "holding" technique of safely restraining a child when she or he loses control because of fear, rage or grief. the therapy is designed to push children to verbalize their emotions so they learn to identify and deal with them. Holding is employed instead of drugs or other techniques. The documentary is not an expose of the restraining technique. It neither chastises or applauds the approach. Rather, ''Warrendale'' is an absorbing, empathetic glimpse of children in distress.
''Warrendale'' was a film about emotionally-disturbed children who lived in a Toronto institution with the same name. Warrendale used an experimental "holding" technique of safely restraining children who lost control because of fear, rage, or grief. The therapy was designed to push children to verbalize their emotions so that they would learn to identify and deal with their emotions, and it was also supposed to replace drugs or other techniques. The film was not an exposé of holding and neither chastised nor applauded the school's approach, but it was instead an absorbing, empathetic glimpse of children in distress.


Unlike [[Frederick Wiseman]], who spends a short period exploring an institution before he begins filming, King spends a significant amount of time with subjects before filming to develop trust with his subjects. King spent four weeks at the Warrendale school with 12 children and then another two weeks there with his camera crew before filming began. The crew had complete access to all aspects of the home/school situation at Warrendale – including one meeting where the top school administrator gently admonishes a counselor for using the holding technique at an inappropriate time. King lit the entire home and replaced dark paneling in a hallway with lighter paneling to improve the lights. Filming lasted eight weeks. Getting to know people before filming and staying with situations for a significant chunk of time is essential, he had said, ''"because in order for anything significant to occur in action or drama the subjects must make a huge leap of faith in the filmmaker"''. {{Citation needed|date=June 2009}}
Unlike [[Frederick Wiseman]], who spent only a short time exploring an institution before he began filming, King spent much time with subjects beforehand so that he would develop trust with his subjects. King spent four weeks at Warrendale with 12 children and another two weeks there with his camera crew before filming began.


⚫
The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]], which commissioned the film, refused to show it because the children often swore and uttered such words as "fuck" and "bullshit," which were not then permitted on Canadian television. Instead, it allowed King to show the film in cinemas. Shown in the Parallel Section at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in 1967, the film won the ''Prix d'art et d'essai'' and also shared [[BAFTA]]'s Best Foreign Film Award with Michaelangelo Antonioni's ''[[Blowup]]'' and the New York Critics' Circle Award (1968) with Luis Buñuel's ''[[Belle de jour (film)|Belle de Jour]]''.
The pivotal moment in ''Warrendale'' is when the counselors break the news to the children that their cook Dorothy has died suddenly. Children with emotional illnesses often believe their thoughts and feelings cause trauma and tragedy. The filming is intimate during the most tense and tender moments – with the camera sometimes inches from pained faces as they scream and cry – all the while being restrained by counselors. The cook's death happened early on during the filming, but King made it the film's climax.


⚫
==''A Married Couple''==
Upon seeing ''Warrendale'', director [[Jean Renoir]] wrote, ''"Allan King is a great artist. His remarkable work exposes one of the most suspenseful action I have ever seen on a screen."'' {{Citation needed|date=June 2009}}
⚫
Despite censorship, King continued to push cultural taboos. In 1969, he directed ''[[A Married Couple (1969 film)|A Married Couple]]'', which explored a crisis in a real marriage and the issue of choice. ''[[The New York Times]]'' ' critic [[Clive Barnes (critic)|Clive Barnes]] described ''A Married Couple'' as "quite simply one of the best films I have ever seen."{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} The film was issued by the Criterion Collection in a set titled Eclipse series 24: The Actuality Dramas of Allan King.

⚫
The [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]], which commissioned the film, refused to show it because the children often swore, uttering such words as "fuck" and "bullshit" that were not permitted on Canadian television at the time. Instead, the CBC allowed King to show ''Warrendale'' in cinemas. Shown in the Parallel Section at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in 1967, it won the Prix d'art et d'essai. It also shared [[BAFTA]]'s Best Foreign Film Award with Michaelangelo Antonioni's ''[[Blowup]]'' and the New York Critics' Circle Award (1968) with Luis Buñuel's ''[[Belle de jour (film)|Belle de Jour]]''.

⚫
===''A Married Couple''===
⚫
Despite censorship, King continued to push cultural taboos, and in 1969 directed ''A Married Couple'' which explores a crisis in a real marriage and the issue of choice. ''[[New York Times]]'' ' critic [[Clive Barnes (critic)|Clive Barnes]] described ''A Married Couple'' as ''"quite simply one of the best films I have ever seen"''. {{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} ''A Married Couple'' was issued by the Criterion Collection.


==Other genres==
==Other genres==
During more than 50 years of filmmaking, King worked in every film genre except animation, creating an enormous and diverse portfolio. To support his documentaries, King has also directed episodic television and feature films. His first dramatic feature film, ''Who Has Seen the Wind'' (1976), based on the novel by [[W. O. Mitchell]], won the Grand Prix at the Paris International Film Festival and the [[Golden Reel Award (Canada)|Golden Reel Award]] for the highest-grossing Canadian film of the year. The many television dramas he has directed have won top awards.
During more than 50 years of filmmaking, King worked in every film genre except animation, creating an enormous and diverse portfolio. To support his documentaries, King also directed episodic television and feature films. His first dramatic feature film, ''Who Has Seen the Wind'' (1976), based on the novel by [[W. O. Mitchell]], won the Grand Prix at the Paris International Film Festival and the [[Golden Reel Award (Canada)|Golden Reel Award]] for the highest-grossing Canadian film of the year. Many television dramas that he directed won top awards.


In 2003, he produced the documentary, ''Dying at Grace'', a docudrama about five people in their final days at the Palliative Care Unit of the [[Salvation Army]] [[Toronto Grace Health Centre]] as they come to terms with their deaths. It won awards at film festivals in Toronto and Berlin.
In 2003, he produced ''[[Dying at Grace]]'', a documentary about five people in their final days at the Palliative Care Unit of the [[Salvation Army]] [[Toronto Grace Health Centre]] as they came to terms with their deaths. It won awards at film festivals in Toronto and Berlin.


==Death==
==Death==
King died from brain cancer on June 15, 2009, age 79, at his home in Toronto.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/film/story/2009/06/15/allan-king.html "Canadian documentary maker Allan King dies at 79"]. [[CBC News]], June 15, 2009.</ref>
King died from [[brain cancer]] on June 15, 2009, at 79, in his home in Toronto.<ref>[https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/canadian-documentary-maker-allan-king-dies-at-79-1.797594 "Canadian documentary maker Allan King dies at 79"]. [[CBC News]], June 15, 2009.</ref>


==Filmography==
==Filmography==

===Films and telefilms===
===Films and telefilms===
* ''[[Skid Row (film)|Skid Row]]'' (1956)
* ''[[Skid Row (film)|Skid Row]]'' (1956)
Line 65: Line 61:
* ''[[Running Away Backwards]]'' (1964)
* ''[[Running Away Backwards]]'' (1964)
* ''[[Children in Conflict: A Talk with Irene]]'' (1967)
* ''[[Children in Conflict: A Talk with Irene]]'' (1967)
* ''[[Warrendale]]'' (1967)
* ''[[Warrendale (film)|Warrendale]]'' (1967)
* ''[[A Married Couple (1969 film)|A Married Couple]]'' (1969)
* ''[[A Married Couple (1969 film)|A Married Couple]]'' (1969)
* ''[[Come on Children]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Come on Children]]'' (1973)
* ''[[Red Emma (film)|Red Emma]]'' (1974) (TV)
* ''[[Red Emma (film)|Red Emma]]'' (1974) (TV)
* ''Baptizing'' (1975) (TV)
* ''[[Maria (1977 film)|Maria]]'' (1977) (TV)
* ''[[Maria (1977 film)|Maria]]'' (1977) (TV)
* ''[[Who Has Seen the Wind (1977 film)|Who Has Seen the Wind]]'' (1977)
* ''[[Who Has Seen the Wind (1977 film)|Who Has Seen the Wind]]'' (1977)
Line 85: Line 82:
* ''[[Philip Marlowe, Private Eye]]'' (1986 episode)
* ''[[Philip Marlowe, Private Eye]]'' (1986 episode)
* ''[[Friday the 13th: The Series]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Friday the 13th: The Series]]'' (1987)
* ''[[The New Twilight Zone|The Twilight Zone]]'' (1988 episode)
* ''[[The Twilight Zone (1985 TV series)|The Twilight Zone]]'' (1988 episode)
* ''[[Bordertown (1989 TV series)|Bordertown]]'' (1989 episode)
* ''[[Bordertown (1989 TV series)|Bordertown]]'' (1989 episode)
* ''[[Road to Avonlea]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Road to Avonlea]]'' (1989)
Line 118: Line 115:
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:2009 deaths]]
[[Category:2009 deaths]]
[[Category:Deaths from brain tumor]]
[[Category:Deaths from brain cancer in Canada]]
[[Category:Canadian film directors]]
[[Category:Canadian documentary film directors]]
[[Category:Canadian documentary filmmakers]]
[[Category:Film directors from Vancouver]]
[[Category:Film directors from Vancouver]]
[[Category:Canadian Screen Award winning people]]
[[Category:Canadian Screen Award winners]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Canada]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Ontario]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Ontario]]
[[Category:Best Director Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Director Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners]]
[[Category:Producers of Best Picture Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners]]

Latest revision as of 02:44, 3 September 2024

For other people with the same name, see Alan King (disambiguation).
Allan King
Born
Allan Winton King

(1930-02-06)February 6, 1930
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
DiedJune 15, 2009(2009-06-15) (aged 79)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
NationalityCanadian
Occupation(s)Film director
Film producer
Years active1956 – 2006
Spouse(s)Phyllis Leiterman (1952-before 1970)
Patricia Watson (1970-before 1987)
Colleen Murphy (1987–2009)
AwardsOrder of Canada

Allan Winton King, OC (February 6, 1930 – June 15, 2009),[1] was a Canadian film director.

Life

[edit]

Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, during the Great Depression, King attended Henry Hudson Elementary School, in Kitsilano.[2]

With documentary filmmakers Don Haig and Beryl Fox, King was a partner in Film Arts, a Toronto-based post-production company that worked on their film projects and the television series This Hour Has Seven Days, The National Dream and W5.[3]

In 2002, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. Ten of King's films were released as a collection representing various stages of his life. King's work was also the focus of a retrospective at the 2002 Toronto International Film Festival. In 2007 New York City's Museum of Modern Art hosted a retrospective of his work.[4] In 2009, there were similar tributes to King's work at Vancouver's Pacific Cinematheque and the Vancouver International Film Centre.[5]

King married three times: first to Phyllis Leiterman in 1952, then to screenwriter Patricia Watson in 1970, and finally to screenwriter Colleen Murphy in 1987.[3] He collaborated with both Watson and Murphy on film projects. He wrote Who Has Seen the Wind with Watson in 1976[3] and directed Murphy's screenplay for Termini Station in 1989.

Pre-eminent documentarian

[edit]

For his films, King used the documentary technique cinema-verite. He ran Allan King Films Limited in Toronto. King described his style as "actuality drama – filming the drama of everyday life as it happens, spontaneously without direction, interviews or narrative." He said that he wanted to "serve the action as unobtrusively as possible" by becoming very familiar with both the environment and the people he filmed by paying particular attention to movement patterns, routines, and light quality.

Warrendale

[edit]

Warrendale was a film about emotionally-disturbed children who lived in a Toronto institution with the same name. Warrendale used an experimental "holding" technique of safely restraining children who lost control because of fear, rage, or grief. The therapy was designed to push children to verbalize their emotions so that they would learn to identify and deal with their emotions, and it was also supposed to replace drugs or other techniques. The film was not an exposé of holding and neither chastised nor applauded the school's approach, but it was instead an absorbing, empathetic glimpse of children in distress.

Unlike Frederick Wiseman, who spent only a short time exploring an institution before he began filming, King spent much time with subjects beforehand so that he would develop trust with his subjects. King spent four weeks at Warrendale with 12 children and another two weeks there with his camera crew before filming began.

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, which commissioned the film, refused to show it because the children often swore and uttered such words as "fuck" and "bullshit," which were not then permitted on Canadian television. Instead, it allowed King to show the film in cinemas. Shown in the Parallel Section at the Cannes Film Festival in 1967, the film won the Prix d'art et d'essai and also shared BAFTA's Best Foreign Film Award with Michaelangelo Antonioni's Blowup and the New York Critics' Circle Award (1968) with Luis Buñuel's Belle de Jour.

A Married Couple

[edit]

Despite censorship, King continued to push cultural taboos. In 1969, he directed A Married Couple, which explored a crisis in a real marriage and the issue of choice. The New York Times ' critic Clive Barnes described A Married Couple as "quite simply one of the best films I have ever seen."[citation needed] The film was issued by the Criterion Collection in a set titled Eclipse series 24: The Actuality Dramas of Allan King.

Other genres

[edit]

During more than 50 years of filmmaking, King worked in every film genre except animation, creating an enormous and diverse portfolio. To support his documentaries, King also directed episodic television and feature films. His first dramatic feature film, Who Has Seen the Wind (1976), based on the novel by W. O. Mitchell, won the Grand Prix at the Paris International Film Festival and the Golden Reel Award for the highest-grossing Canadian film of the year. Many television dramas that he directed won top awards.

In 2003, he produced Dying at Grace, a documentary about five people in their final days at the Palliative Care Unit of the Salvation Army Toronto Grace Health Centre as they came to terms with their deaths. It won awards at film festivals in Toronto and Berlin.

Death

[edit]

King died from brain cancer on June 15, 2009, at 79, in his home in Toronto.[6]

Filmography

[edit]

Films and telefilms

[edit]

Television series

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Seth Feldman, ed., Allan King: Filmmaker, Indiana University Press 2002, ISBN 0-9689132-1-0
  • Stanley Kaufmann, Children of Our Time, 1967;
  • Nik Sheehan, Crisis, What Crisis, 2002)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Documentary filmmaker Allan King dead at 79". CTV.ca. 2009-06-15. Retrieved 2009-06-15.
  2. ^ Memories of Maria: A Contribution to the Discussion on "The Image of the Working Class in Canadian Media", Allan King, Take One, December 1, 2001
  3. ^ a b c Haig-King Film Arts Ltd. fonds at Library and Archives Canada.
  4. ^ "MoMA retrospective celebrates veteran filmmaker Allan King". CBC News, April 24, 2007.
  5. ^ "Rudy Buttignol reminisces about Canadian documentary great Allan King". The Georgia Straight, September 16, 2009.
  6. ^ "Canadian documentary maker Allan King dies at 79". CBC News, June 15, 2009.
[edit]
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