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Location of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands

The twin summit of Sofia and Great Needle Peaks from Bransfield Strait

Topographic map of Livingston Island and Smith Island

Sofia Peak from Kuzman Knoll, with Helmet Peak in the background

The twin peak of Sofia and Great Needle Peaks from Lyaskovets Peak, with Levski Peak in the foreground and Helmet Peak in the left background

Sofia Peak (Template:Lang-bg, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈsɔfijɐ]) is the ice-covered peak rising to 1655 m in Levski Ridge, central Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 470 m northwest of the summit point of Great Needle Peak with which it forms a twin peak. The feature is named after the capital city of Bulgaria.^[1]

History

The first ascent and GPS survey of Sofia Peak was made on 8 January 2015 by the Bulgarian mountaineers Doychin Boyanov, Nikolay Petkov and Aleksander Shopov from Camp Academia locality (541 m) via Lozen Saddle (437 m) and Plana Peak (740 m).^[2]^[3]

Location

Sofia Peak is located at 62°40′04.2″S 60°03′44.6″W / 62.667833°S 60.062389°W / -62.667833; -60.062389, which is 3 km northeast of Silistra Knoll, 1.25 km east-southeast of St. Ivan Rilski Col, 1.84 km south-southeast Plana Peak, 1.6 km south of Tutrakan Peak and 2.23 km southwest of Helmet Peak.^[1] Bulgarian mapping in 2005, 2009 and 2017.

Maps

L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005
L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009
L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov. Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:25000 map. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2023. ISBN 978-619-90008-6-1

Notes

^ ^a ^b Sofia Peak, SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica
^ M. Dimitrova. Our mountaineers have conquered Great Needle Peak. Politika Weekly, 16–22 January 2015. ISSN 1312-3734 (in Bulgarian)
^ N. Petkov and D. Boyanov. Report of the project The Peaks of Tangra Mountains. Sofia, 2015. (in Bulgarian)

References

Sofia Peak. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer

This article includes information from the Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria which is used with permission.

[CGA-1] Sofia Peak, SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica

[2] M. Dimitrova. Our mountaineers have conquered Great Needle Peak. Politika Weekly, 16–22 January 2015. ISSN 1312-3734 (in Bulgarian)

[3] N. Petkov and D. Boyanov. Report of the project The Peaks of Tangra Mountains. Sofia, 2015. (in Bulgarian)

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Ice covered peak in Antarctica}}
 [[File:Tangra-Mountains-location-map.png|thumb|Location of Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands]]
+[[File:Serdica-Peak.jpg|thumb|The twin summit of Sofia and [[Great Needle Peak|Great Needle]] Peaks from [[Bransfield Strait]]]][[File:Livingston-Island-Map-2010-15.png|thumb|Topographic map of [[Livingston Island]] and [[Smith Island (South Shetland Islands)|Smith Island]]]]
 [[File:Tangra-Great-Needle.jpg|thumb|right|Sofia Peak from [[Kuzman Knoll]], with [[Helmet Peak, Livingston Island|Helmet Peak]] in the background]]
-[[File:Livingston-Island-Map-2010-15.png|thumb|Topographic map of [[Livingston Island]] and [[Smith Island (South Shetland Islands)|Smith Island]]]]
 [[File:Levski-Tangra.jpg|thumb|The twin peak of Sofia and [[Great Needle Peak|Great Needle]] Peaks from [[Lyaskovets Peak]], with [[Levski Peak (Antarctica)|Levski Peak]] in the foreground and [[Helmet Peak (Antarctica)|Helmet Peak]] in the left background]]
-'''Sofia Peak''' ({{lang-bg|връх София}}, ‘Vrah Sofia’ \'vr&h 'so-fi-ya\) is the ice covered peak rising to 1655&nbsp;m in [[Levski Ridge]], central [[Tangra Mountains]] on [[Livingston Island]] in the [[South Shetland Islands]], [[Antarctica]], 470&nbsp;m northwest of the summit point of [[Great Needle Peak]] with which it forms a twin peak. The feature is named after the capital city of Bulgaria.
+'''Sofia Peak''' ({{lang-bg|връх София|vrah Sofiya}}, {{IPA|bg|ˈvrɤx ˈsɔfijɐ|IPA}}) is the ice-covered peak rising to 1655&nbsp;m in [[Levski Ridge]], central [[Tangra Mountains]] on [[Livingston Island]] in the [[South Shetland Islands]], [[Antarctica]], 470&nbsp;m northwest of the summit point of [[Great Needle Peak]] with which it forms a twin peak. The feature is named after [[Sofia|the capital city of Bulgaria]].<ref name=CGA/>
 ==History==
@@ Line 9: / Line 10: @@
 ==Location==
-Sofia Peak is located at {{coord|62|40|04.2|S|60|03|44.6|W|display=inline,title}}, which is 3&nbsp;km northeast of [[Silistra Knoll]], 1.25&nbsp;km east-southeast of [[St. Ivan Rilski Col]], 1.84&nbsp;km south-southeast [[Plana Peak]], 1.6&nbsp;km south of [[Tutrakan Peak]] and 2.23&nbsp;km southwest of [[Helmet Peak, Livingston Island|Helmet Peak]].<ref>[https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=139133 [[Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica]]]</ref> Bulgarian mapping in 2005, 2009 and 2017.
+Sofia Peak is located at {{coord|62|40|04.2|S|60|03|44.6|W|display=inline,title}}, which is 3&nbsp;km northeast of [[Silistra Knoll]], 1.25&nbsp;km east-southeast of [[St. Ivan Rilski Col]], 1.84&nbsp;km south-southeast [[Plana Peak]], 1.6&nbsp;km south of [[Tutrakan Peak]] and 2.23&nbsp;km southwest of [[Helmet Peak, Livingston Island|Helmet Peak]].<ref name=CGA>[https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=139133 Sofia Peak], SCAR [[Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica]]</ref> Bulgarian mapping in 2005, 2009 and 2017.
 ==Maps==
@@ Line 16: / Line 17: @@
 * L.L. Ivanov. [[:commons:File:Livingston-Island-Map-2010-15.png|Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island]]. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017
 * [http://www.add.scar.org Antarctic Digital Database (ADD).] Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
+* A. Kamburov and L. Ivanov. [[:commons:File:Bowles_Ridge_and_Tangra_Mountains.png|Bowles Ridge and Central Tangra Mountains: Livingston Island, Antarctica.]] Scale 1:25000 map. Sofia: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2023. {{ISBN| 978-619-90008-6-1}}
 ==Notes==
@@ Line 22: / Line 24: @@
 ==References==
 * [https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=139133 Sofia Peak.] [[Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research|SCAR]] [[Composite Antarctic Gazetteer]]
+{{Bulgarian-named Antarctic place}}
-{{Bulgarian-named Antarctic place}}
 [[Category:Tangra Mountains]]
-{{Climbing-stub}}
-{{LivingstonIsland-geo-stub}}