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{{Rewrite | date = March 2024}}}}{{Infobox character
{{Rewrite | date = March 2024}}}}{{Infobox character
| name = Luigi
| name = Luigi
| caption = Promotional art by Shigehisa Nakaue (2017)
| caption = Luigi, as depicted in promotional artwork of ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U Deluxe]]''
| series = [[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]
| series = [[Mario (franchise)|Mario]]
| image = <!-- DO NOT CHANGE without discussion on talk. See Talk:Mario#Image -->Luigi_by_Shigehisa_Nakaue.png<!-- DO NOT CHANGE without discussion on talk. See Talk:Mario#Image -->
| image = Luigi NSMBUDX.png <!-- Use artwork from the character's main series. Avoid spin-offs! -->
| image_upright = 0.75
| image_upright = 0.75
| alt = 3D render of a cartoon plumber with a mustache, a large round nose, a green cap with the letter L, a green shirt, indigo overalls, and brown shoes.
| alt = 2D art of a cartoon plumber with a mustache, a large round nose, a green cap with the letter L, a green shirt, indigo overalls, and brown shoes.
| creator = [[Shigeru Miyamoto]]
| creator = [[Shigeru Miyamoto]]
| designer = Shigeru Miyamoto
| designer = Shigeru Miyamoto<br>[[Yōichi Kotabe]]
| lbl1 = Voiced by
| lbl1 = Voiced by
| data1 = [[Charles Martinet]] (1992–2023)<br>[[Kevin Afghani]] (2023–present)<ref name="Mario in Real Time">{{cite web|title=Interview with the Voice of Mario|url=http://archive.gamespy.com/interviews/august02/mario/index2.shtml|website=[[GameSpy]]|access-date=May 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041214201633/http://archive.gamespy.com/interviews/august02/mario/index2.shtml|archive-date=December 14, 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| data1 = [[Charles Martinet]] (1992–2023)<ref name="Mario in Real Time">{{cite web|title=Interview with the Voice of Mario|url=http://archive.gamespy.com/interviews/august02/mario/index2.shtml|website=[[GameSpy]]|access-date=May 13, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041214201633/http://archive.gamespy.com/interviews/august02/mario/index2.shtml|archive-date=December 14, 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref><br>[[Kevin Afghani]] (2023–present)
{{Collapsible list
{{Collapsible list
| framestyle=border:none; padding:0; <!-- dirty workaround to not have the title be after [show] -->
| framestyle=border:none; padding:0; <!-- dirty workaround to not have the title be after [show] -->
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{{nihongo|'''Luigi'''|ルイージ|lead=yes}} {{IPAc-en|l|u|ˈ|iː|dʒ|i}} is a character from the [[Mario (franchise)|''Mario'' franchise]]. Luigi is portrayed as a kind-hearted, cowardly Italian plumber, and the younger fraternal twin brother and sidekick of [[Mario]].
{{nihongo|'''Luigi'''|ルイージ; {{IPAc-en|l|u|ˈ|iː|dʒ|i}}|lead=yes}} is a character from the [[Mario (franchise)|''Mario'' franchise]]. Luigi is portrayed as a kind-hearted, cowardly Italian plumber, and the younger fraternal twin brother and sidekick of [[Mario]].


Luigi was created by video game designer [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] and first appeared in ''[[Mario Bros.]]'' in which he was originally designed as a [[palette swap]] of Mario with a green color scheme, Luigi has since appeared in multiple games and other media throughout the ''Mario'' franchise which developed a personality and style of his own. As his role in the ''Mario'' franchise progressed, Luigi evolved into a physically distinct character, and become the main protagonist of ''[[Mario Is Missing!|Mario is Missing!]]'' and the ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' series
Luigi was created by video game designer [[Shigeru Miyamoto]] and first appeared in ''[[Mario Bros.]]'' in which he was originally designed as a [[palette swap]] of Mario with a green color scheme, Luigi has since appeared in multiple games and other media throughout the ''Mario'' franchise which developed a personality and style of his own. As his role in the ''Mario'' franchise progressed, Luigi evolved into a physically distinct character, and become the main protagonist of ''[[Mario Is Missing!|Mario is Missing!]]'' and the ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' series
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==Concept and creation==
==Concept and creation==
[[File:Luigi emblem.svg|150px|thumb|left|This emblem appears on Luigi's hat and as a symbol for him in many game interfaces.]]
[[File:Luigi emblem.svg|150px|thumb|left|This emblem appears on Luigi's hat and as a symbol for him in many game interfaces.]]
The events leading to Luigi's creation began in 1982, during the development of ''[[Donkey Kong (arcade game)|Donkey Kong]]'', where Shigeru Miyamoto had created Mario (then known as "[[Mario#Concept and creation|Jumpman]]"), hoping that he would be able to recast the character in a variety of roles in future games.<ref name="hiscore">Demaria, R: "High Score! The Illustrated History of Electronic Games", page 238. McGraw Hill-Osbourne, 2002</ref> Miyamoto was inspired by ''[[Joust (video game)|Joust]]'' to create a game with a simultaneous two-player mode, which led to his development of the game ''Mario Bros.'' in 1983. In that game, Luigi was given the role of Mario's brother as the second playable character. Miyamoto observed that the Japanese word ''ruiji'' means "similar", thus explaining the similarities in size, shape, and gameplay of Luigi to Mario.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=August 10, 1986 |title=Super Mario: The New Craze in Japan |pages=10 |work=[[New Straits Times]] |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JdRHAAAAIBAJ&pg=2740,2455143&dq=super-mario&hl=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310215225/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JdRHAAAAIBAJ&pg=2740,2455143&dq=super-mario&hl=en |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Luigi's creation began in 1982, during the development of ''[[Donkey Kong (arcade game)|Donkey Kong]]'', where Shigeru Miyamoto had created Jumpman (then later known as Mario), hoping that he would be able to recast the character in a variety of roles in future games. Miyamoto was inspired by ''[[Joust (video game)|Joust]]'' to create a game with a simultaneous two-player mode, which led to his development of the game ''Mario Bros.''<ref name="hiscore">{{Cite book |last=DeMaria |first=Rusel |url=https://archive.org/details/highscoreillustr0000dema/mode/2up |title=High score! : the illustrated history of electronic games |publisher=McGraw Hill-Osbourne |year=2002 |page=238|isbn=978-0-07-222428-3 }}</ref> where Luigi was given the role of Mario's brother as the second playable character, both Mario and Luigi were styled as Italian plumbers in ''Mario Bros.'', on the suggestion of a colleague.<ref name="ignhistory">{{Cite web |last=McLaughlin |first=Rus |date=November 8, 2007 |title=IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros. |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/09/14/ign-presents-the-history-of-super-mario-bros |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214150252/http://au.games.ign.com/articles/833/833615p1.html |archive-date=February 14, 2008 |access-date=May 3, 2022 |website=[[IGN]]}}</ref>


It is currently unconfirmed how Luigi received his name, although there are many theories. ''[[New Straits Times]]'' noted that Miyamoto observed the Japanese word ''ruiji'' means "similar", thus explaining the similarities of Luigi to Mario.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last= |first= |date=August 10, 1986 |title=Super Mario: The New Craze in Japan |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JdRHAAAAIBAJ&pg=2740,2455143&dq=super-mario&hl=en |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310215225/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JdRHAAAAIBAJ&pg=2740,2455143&dq=super-mario&hl=en |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |access-date=November 15, 2020 |work=[[New Straits Times]] |pages=10}}</ref> Rus McLaughlin of ''[[IGN]]'' wrote that the theories from a rhyme on the Japanese word for "analogous" and a pizza parlor near [[Minoru Arakawa]]'s office called Mario & Luigi's were considered. Software constraints at the time of the respective game's origins meant that Luigi's first appearance was restricted to a simple palette swap.<ref name="ignhistory" />
While Miyamoto originally portrayed Mario as a carpenter in ''Donkey Kong'', both Mario and Luigi were styled as Italian plumbers in ''Mario Bros.'', on the suggestion of a colleague.<ref name="ignhistory">{{Cite web |last=McLaughlin |first=Rus |date=November 8, 2007 |title=IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros. |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2010/09/14/ign-presents-the-history-of-super-mario-bros |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214150252/http://au.games.ign.com/articles/833/833615p1.html |archive-date=February 14, 2008 |access-date=May 3, 2022 |website=[[IGN]]}}</ref> Software constraints at the time of the respective game's origins meant that Luigi's first appearance was restricted to a simple palette swap. In terms of graphics and gameplay, the characters were completely identical;<ref name="History of Mario 2">{{Cite web |title=Nintendo's Shining Star: The History of Mario |url=http://www.gamecubicle.com/features-mario-nintendo_shining_star.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120154312/http://gamecubicle.com/features-mario-nintendo_shining_star.htm |archive-date=January 20, 2016 |access-date=December 16, 2006 |publisher=Gamecubicle}}</ref> the green color scheme adopted for Luigi remained one of his defining physical characteristics in subsequent releases.{{Citation needed|date=July 2024}}


After the success of ''Mario Bros.'', Luigi was introduced to a wider audience in 1985 with the release of the console game ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' Once again, his role was restricted to a palette swap and could only be used by the second player. The Japanese version of ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' in 1986, later released in the west as ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'', marked the beginning of Luigi's development toward becoming a more distinguished character. Luigi's movement was no longer identical; he could now jump higher and farther than his brother, at the expense of movement response and precision.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hayward |first=Andrew |date=October 1, 2007 |title=VC Update: Sin and Punishment, Mario: Lost Levels |url=http://www.1up.com/news/update-sin-punishment-mario-lost |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629064034/http://www.1up.com/news/update-sin-punishment-mario-lost |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |website=[[1up.com]]}}</ref>
After the success of ''Mario Bros.'', Luigi was introduced to a wider audience in the 1985 video game ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'',<ref name=":0" /> while ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'', marked the beginning of Luigi's development toward becoming a more distinguished character. Luigi's movement was no longer identical; he could now jump higher and farther than his brother, at the expense of movement response and precision.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hayward |first=Andrew |date=October 1, 2007 |title=VC Update: Sin and Punishment, Mario: Lost Levels |url=http://www.1up.com/news/update-sin-punishment-mario-lost |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629064034/http://www.1up.com/news/update-sin-punishment-mario-lost |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |website=[[1up.com]]}}</ref> Consequently, In 1988, an alternative release was developed to serve as ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' for Western players (and later released in Japan as ''Super Mario USA''); this version played a key role in shaping Luigi's current appearance.<ref name="ignhistory" />

While this version of ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' was released in Japan, it was deemed to be too difficult for American audiences at the time.<ref name="ignhistory" /> Consequently, In 1988, an alternative release was developed to serve as ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' for Western players (and later released in Japan as ''Super Mario USA''); this version played a key role in shaping Luigi's current appearance.<ref name="ignhistory" />


===Actor portrayal===
===Actor portrayal===
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==Appearances==
==Appearances==
{{main|List of Luigi video games}}
{{main|List of Luigi video games}}
Luigi's first appearance was in the 1983 arcade game ''Mario Bros.'' as the character controlled by the second player. He retained this role in ''[[Wrecking Crew (video game)|Wrecking Crew]]''. He later appeared in ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' for the NES,<ref name="ignluigi" /> and again in ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'', ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', and ''[[Super Mario World]]''. ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' introduced Luigi as the taller of the two brothers, as well as the better jumper. ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', and ''Super Mario World'' returned to featuring Luigi as a reskinned Mario. He made a minor appearance in his baby form in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]''. Luigi was conspicuously absent in ''[[Super Mario 64]]'' and ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''. However, the [[Super Mario 64 DS|Nintendo DS remake]] of ''Super Mario 64'' features him as a playable character alongside Mario, [[Yoshi]], and [[Wario]]. He received his own starring role in the [[GameCube]] game ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', where he wins a mansion from a contest he never entered, and saves Mario from King Boo. ''Luigi's Mansion'' has cultivated such a cult following that Nintendo made a sequel to the game nearly a decade after the original game's release date. The sequel is called ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'' and is playable on the [[Nintendo 3DS]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Andrew |date=June 7, 2011 |title=Luigi's Mansion 2 to Haunt Nintendo 3DS |url=https://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/26596/luigis-mansion-2-to-haunt-nintendo-3ds |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127030437/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/26596 |archive-date=November 27, 2011 |access-date=August 4, 2011 |website=Nintendo World Report}}</ref> He reprised his role in the third game, ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]'', on [[Nintendo Switch]].
Luigi's first appearance was in the 1983 arcade game ''Mario Bros.'' as the character controlled by the second player. He retained this role in ''[[Wrecking Crew (video game)|Wrecking Crew]]''. He later appeared in ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' for the NES,<ref name="ignluigi" /> and again in ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels]]'', ''[[Super Mario Bros. 2]]'', ''[[Super Mario Bros. 3]]'', and ''[[Super Mario World]]''. ''Super Mario Bros. 2'' introduced Luigi as the taller of the two brothers, as well as the better jumper. ''Super Mario Bros. 3'', and ''Super Mario World'' returned to featuring Luigi as identical to Mario. He made a minor appearance in his baby form in ''[[Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island]]''. Luigi was conspicuously absent in ''[[Super Mario 64]]'' and ''[[Super Mario Sunshine]]''. However, the [[Super Mario 64 DS|Nintendo DS remake]] of ''Super Mario 64'' features him as a playable character alongside Mario, [[Yoshi]], and [[Wario]].


Luigi has been associated with the more difficult second acts of multiple ''Super Mario'' games.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeremy Parish |date=June 25, 2013 |title=New Super Luigi U Review |url=http://www.usgamer.net/articles/new-super-luigi-u-review |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122081922/http://www.usgamer.net/articles/new-super-luigi-u-review |archive-date=January 22, 2015 |access-date=April 3, 2015 |website=[[USGamer]] }}</ref> These include ''The Lost Levels'', ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]'', ''[[New Super Luigi U]]'' and the new game plus in ''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]'', which offer more challenging elaborations on their respective predecessors and allow the player to use Luigi as the main character, with whom reduced friction and higher jumping is consistent in all of these games. Luigi became playable in the [[Nintendo DS]] game ''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]'' as a hidden character, and as a hidden character in the Wii game ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''. In its sequel, ''Super Mario Galaxy 2'', the player can switch out for Luigi throughout the game.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Gilbert |first=Henry |date=April 23, 2010 |title=Luigi in Mario Galaxy 2? Official Japanese site says yes, Super Mario Galaxy 2 Wii News |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/luigi-in-mario-galaxy-2-official-japanese-site-says-yes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203061217/https://www.gamesradar.com/luigi-in-mario-galaxy-2-official-japanese-site-says-yes/ |archive-date=February 3, 2022 |access-date=May 4, 2022 |work=[[GamesRadar+]]}}</ref> He also appears as a playable character in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'', where four players can play at once cooperatively as Mario, Luigi, and two [[Toad (Nintendo)|Toad]]s. He also appears in ''Super Mario 3D Land'' as a playable character as well as ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' and ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'', the latter having a DLC mode, where he is the main character, called ''New Super Luigi U''. It has levels altered to his specific play abilities, including higher jumping. The DLC is also available as a standalone retail version. Luigi also appeared in ''[[Super Mario 3D World]]'' along with his brother, Peach, Rosalina and Toad.
Luigi has been associated with the more difficult second acts of multiple ''Super Mario'' games.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeremy Parish |date=June 25, 2013 |title=New Super Luigi U Review |url=http://www.usgamer.net/articles/new-super-luigi-u-review |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122081922/http://www.usgamer.net/articles/new-super-luigi-u-review |archive-date=January 22, 2015 |access-date=April 3, 2015 |website=[[USGamer]] }}</ref> These include ''The Lost Levels'', ''[[Super Mario Galaxy 2]]'', ''[[New Super Luigi U]]'' and the new game plus in ''[[Super Mario 3D Land]]'', which offer more challenging elaborations on their respective predecessors and allow the player to use Luigi as the main character, with whom reduced friction and higher jumping is consistent in all of these games. Luigi became playable in the [[Nintendo DS]] game ''[[New Super Mario Bros.]]'' as a hidden character, and as a hidden character in the Wii game ''[[Super Mario Galaxy]]''. In its sequel, ''Super Mario Galaxy 2'', the player can switch out for Luigi throughout the game.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Gilbert |first=Henry |date=April 23, 2010 |title=Luigi in Mario Galaxy 2? Official Japanese site says yes, Super Mario Galaxy 2 Wii News |url=https://www.gamesradar.com/luigi-in-mario-galaxy-2-official-japanese-site-says-yes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203061217/https://www.gamesradar.com/luigi-in-mario-galaxy-2-official-japanese-site-says-yes/ |archive-date=February 3, 2022 |access-date=May 4, 2022 |work=[[GamesRadar+]]}}</ref> He also appears as a playable character in ''[[New Super Mario Bros. Wii]]'', where four players can play at once cooperatively as Mario, Luigi, and two [[Toad (Nintendo)|Toad]]s. He also appears in ''Super Mario 3D Land'' as a playable character as well as ''[[New Super Mario Bros. 2]]'' and ''[[New Super Mario Bros. U]]'', the latter having a DLC mode, where he is the main character, called ''New Super Luigi U''. It has levels altered to his specific play abilities, including higher jumping. The DLC is also available as a standalone retail version. Luigi also appeared in ''[[Super Mario 3D World]]'' along with his brother, Peach, Rosalina and Toad.


Luigi appears in many of the ''Mario'' spin-offs, including ''[[Mario Kart]]'', ''[[Mario Party]]'', and all of the [[List of Mario sports games|''Mario'' sports titles]]. He also appears in all five installments of the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series; in the first three installments and ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate|Ultimate]]'', he is an unlockable character.
Luigi appears in many of the ''Mario'' spin-off games, including ''[[Mario Kart]]'', ''[[Mario Party]]'', and all of the [[List of Mario sports games|''Mario'' sports games]]. He also appears in all five installments of the ''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' series; in the first three installments and ''[[Super Smash Bros. Ultimate|Ultimate]]'', he is an unlockable character. Luigi received his own starring role in the 2001 video game ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'', where he wins a mansion from a contest he never entered, and saves Mario from King Boo. He reprised his role in the installments ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'' and ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brown |first=Andrew |date=June 7, 2011 |title=Luigi's Mansion 2 to Haunt Nintendo 3DS |url=https://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/26596/luigis-mansion-2-to-haunt-nintendo-3ds |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111127030437/http://www.nintendoworldreport.com/news/26596 |archive-date=November 27, 2011 |access-date=August 4, 2011 |website=Nintendo World Report}}</ref>



<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Mario and Luigi Paper Jam Luigi.png|150px|thumb|right|Luigi as he appears in the ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series]] -->Luigi has appeared in every [[Mario role-playing games|''Mario'' role-playing games]]. While he originally made a cameo appearance in the end credits of ''[[Super Mario RPG]]'', he appears more prominently in the ''Paper Mario'' series. He is a non-playable character in the original ''[[Paper Mario]]''. In the sequel ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', he appears yet again as a [[non-player character]], going on a separate adventure from Mario's. ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'' features him as a playable character after he is initially brainwashed into working for the antagonist under the name "{{visible anchor|Mr. L}}". In ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]'' and ''[[Paper Mario: Color Splash]]'', Luigi plays a minor role and can be found in the background of certain levels for a coin reward. In ''Color Splash'', Luigi appears at the end of the game driving a kart and helps Mario reach Bowser's Castle. In ''[[Paper Mario: The Origami King]]'', he once again helps Mario by retrieving the keys of Peach's Castle himself.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paper Mario: The Origami King |url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Nintendo-Switch/Paper-Mario-The-Origami-King-1782440.html |access-date=June 13, 2020 |website=Nintendo of Europe GmbH |language=en-GB |archive-date=January 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128151823/https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Nintendo-Switch-games/Paper-Mario-The-Origami-King-1782440.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series features Luigi as a main protagonist; the events of the games focus on him and his brother Mario. He has appeared in all seven ''Mario & Luigi'' games.
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Mario and Luigi Paper Jam Luigi.png|150px|thumb|right|Luigi as he appears in the ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series]] -->Luigi has appeared in every [[Mario role-playing games|''Mario'' role-playing games]]. While he originally made a cameo appearance in the end credits of ''[[Super Mario RPG]]'', he appears more prominently in the ''Paper Mario'' series. He is a non-playable character in the original ''[[Paper Mario]]''. In the sequel ''[[Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door]]'', he appears yet again as a [[non-player character]], going on a separate adventure from Mario's. ''[[Super Paper Mario]]'' features him as a playable character after he is initially brainwashed into working for the antagonist under the name "{{visible anchor|Mr. L}}". In ''[[Paper Mario: Sticker Star]]'' and ''[[Paper Mario: Color Splash]]'', Luigi plays a minor role and can be found in the background of certain levels for a coin reward. In ''Color Splash'', Luigi appears at the end of the game driving a kart and helps Mario reach Bowser's Castle. In ''[[Paper Mario: The Origami King]]'', he once again helps Mario by retrieving the keys of Peach's Castle himself.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paper Mario: The Origami King |url=https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Nintendo-Switch/Paper-Mario-The-Origami-King-1782440.html |access-date=June 13, 2020 |website=Nintendo of Europe GmbH |language=en-GB |archive-date=January 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240128151823/https://www.nintendo.co.uk/Games/Nintendo-Switch-games/Paper-Mario-The-Origami-King-1782440.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The ''[[Mario & Luigi]]'' series features Luigi as a main protagonist; the events of the games focus on him and his brother Mario. He has appeared in all seven ''Mario & Luigi'' games.


===Other media===
===Other media===
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Luigi made an appearance in the 1986 film ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach!]]'' in which he was voiced by [[Yū Mizushima]]. He was not given his consistent color scheme, sporting a yellow shirt and a blue hat and overalls. In the film, Luigi was a greedy character, and even left Mario at one point to look for coins. He was also a little more serious, but less courageous, than his brother Mario, who constantly daydreamed about Princess Peach.<ref name=":02">{{cite news |last1=Plunkett |first1=Luke |date=April 19, 2012 |title=There was a Good Super Mario Bros. Movie. Let's Watch it! |url=https://kotaku.com/there-was-a-good-super-mario-bros-movie-lets-watch-it-5903602 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007131408/https://kotaku.com/there-was-a-good-super-mario-bros-movie-lets-watch-it-5903602 |archive-date=7 October 2020 |accessdate=4 October 2020 |work=Kotaku}}</ref> Luigi later made an appearance in the OVA ''[[Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.]]'' released in 1989, in which the ''Mario'' characters portrayed in the story of [[Snow White]]. He appears at the end of the video to save Mario and Peach from the Wicked Queen, portrayed by [[Bowser|Koopa]].
{{more sources|section|date=September 2023}}
⚫
Luigi made an appearance in the 1986 film ''[[Super Mario Bros.: The Great Mission to Save Princess Peach!]]'' in which he was voiced by [[Yū Mizushima]]. He was not given his consistent color scheme, sporting a yellow shirt and a blue hat and overalls. In the film, Luigi was a greedy character, and even left Mario at one point to look for coins. He was also a little more serious, but less courageous, than his brother Mario, who constantly daydreamed about Princess Peach.{{citation needed|date=December 2009}} Luigi later made an appearance in the OVA ''[[Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros.]]'' released in 1989, in which the ''Mario'' characters portrayed in the story of [[Snow White]]. He appears at the end of the video to save Mario and Peach from the Wicked Queen, portrayed by [[Bowser|Koopa]].


Luigi regularly appeared in ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', airing from 1989 to 1990, which cast [[Danny Wells]] as both his live-action portrayal and voice. Like his brother, Luigi's voice actor changed in later cartoons, in his case to [[Tony Rosato]]. Even though he was not the starring character in the show, Luigi appeared in all 91 episodes of the three [[DiC]] Mario cartoons, in one of which his brother himself did not appear ("Life's Ruff" from ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'').
Luigi regularly appeared in ''[[The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!]]'', airing from 1989 to 1990, which cast [[Danny Wells]] as both his live-action portrayal and voice. Like his brother, Luigi's voice actor changed in later cartoons, in his case to [[Tony Rosato]]. Even though he was not the starring character in the show, Luigi appeared in all 91 episodes of the three [[DiC]] [[List of non-video game media featuring Mario#Television|''Mario'' television animated series]], in one of which his brother himself did not appear ("Life's Ruff" from ''[[The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3]]'').


Luigi played a different role in the [[Super Mario Bros. (film)|''Super Mario Bros.'' film]], where he was portrayed by [[John Leguizamo]].<ref name="smbfilm">{{Cite web |title=At the Movies: Super Mario Bros. |url=http://bventertainment.go.com/tv/buenavista/ebertandroeper/index2.html?sec=6&subsec=Super+Mario+Bros. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080921125750/http://bventertainment.go.com/tv/buenavista/ebertandroeper/index2.html?sec=6&subsec=Super+Mario+Bros. |archive-date=September 21, 2008 |access-date=January 25, 2010 |website=Bventertainment}}</ref> He is depicted as a more easy-going character in contrast to the cynical Mario, portrayed by [[Bob Hoskins]].<ref name="smbfilm" /> In the film, Luigi is not Mario's twin, but is much younger to the point that Mario is said to have been like a surrogate father to him since their parents' deaths, and his romantic relationship with Daisy is one of the film's main plot elements. Luigi appears in [[The Super Mario Bros. Movie|the 2023 film adaptation]] voiced by [[Charlie Day]]. Luigi, alongside his brother Mario, are residents of Brooklyn who recently began their own plumbing business. Both stumble upon a Pipe, and while Mario is transported to the Mushroom Kingdom, Luigi is transported to Dark Land where he is captured by Bowser and his forces. He later reunites with Mario near the film's climax to defeat Bowser.
Luigi played a different role in the [[Super Mario Bros. (film)|''Super Mario Bros.'' film]], where he was portrayed by [[John Leguizamo]].<ref name="smbfilm">{{Cite web |title=At the Movies: Super Mario Bros. |url=http://bventertainment.go.com/tv/buenavista/ebertandroeper/index2.html?sec=6&subsec=Super+Mario+Bros. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080921125750/http://bventertainment.go.com/tv/buenavista/ebertandroeper/index2.html?sec=6&subsec=Super+Mario+Bros. |archive-date=September 21, 2008 |access-date=January 25, 2010 |website=Bventertainment}}</ref> He is depicted as a more easy-going character in contrast to the cynical Mario, portrayed by [[Bob Hoskins]].<ref name="smbfilm" /> In the film, Luigi is not Mario's twin, but is much younger to the point that Mario is said to have been like a surrogate father to him since their parents' deaths, and his romantic relationship with Daisy is one of the film's main plot elements. Luigi appears in [[The Super Mario Bros. Movie|the 2023 film adaptation]] voiced by [[Charlie Day]]. Luigi, alongside his brother Mario, are residents of Brooklyn who recently began their own plumbing business. Both stumble upon a Pipe, and while Mario is transported to the Mushroom Kingdom, Luigi is transported to Dark Land where he is captured by Bowser and his forces. He later reunites with Mario near the film's climax to defeat Bowser.

⚫
Luigi has also appeared in unofficial media such as several ''[[Robot Chicken]]'' sketches,{{Citation needed|date=September 2011}} and In 2015, game designer Josh Millard released ''[[Ennuigi]]'' which relates the story of Luigi's inability to come to terms with the lack of narrative in the original ''Super Mario Bros''.<ref name="Billock 2015">{{Cite web |last=Billock |first=Jennifer |date=August 6, 2015 |title=One of the Mario Bros. has an existential crisis in the new game Ennuigi |url=https://www.avclub.com/one-of-the-mario-bros-has-an-existential-crisis-in-the-1798282735 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160831000522/http://www.avclub.com/article/one-mario-bros-has-existential-crisis-new-game-enn-223496 |archive-date=August 31, 2016 |access-date=May 4, 2022 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref><ref name="Maiberg 2015">{{Cite web |last=Maiberg |first=Emanuel |date=August 17, 2015 |title=Uh Oh, Luigi Read Some Derrida and Now He's 'Ennuigi' |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/vvbwgj/uh-oh-luigi-read-some-derrida-and-now-hes-ennuigi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108130755/https://www.vice.com/en/article/vvbwgj/uh-oh-luigi-read-some-derrida-and-now-hes-ennuigi |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=May 3, 2022 |website=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]}}</ref><ref name="Schneider 2015">{{Cite web |last=Schneider |first=Martin |date=August 6, 2015 |title='Ennuigi': Nintendo for pretentious existentialists |url=http://dangerousminds.net/comments/ennuigi_nintendo_for_pretentious_existentialists |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903010105/http://dangerousminds.net/comments/ennuigi_nintendo_for_pretentious_existentialists |archive-date=September 3, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |website=Dangerous Minds |publisher=DangerousMinds.net}}</ref> Reception regarding Luigi's character in ''Ennuigi'' ranged from "depressed",<ref name="Good 2016">{{Cite web |last=Good |first=Owen S. |date=August 27, 2016 |title=Bored? I'll show you boredom. Play 'Ennuigi' |url=http://www.polygon.com/2016/8/27/12672544/ennuigi-flash-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830053117/http://www.polygon.com/2016/8/27/12672544/ennuigi-flash-game |archive-date=August 30, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |website=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]}}</ref> "laconic",<ref name="Gera 2015">{{Cite web |last=Gera |first=Emily |date=August 16, 2015 |title=Ennuigi: Bringing Existential Angst To Super Mario |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ennuigi-existential-game|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617034124/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/08/16/ennuigi-existential-game/ |archive-date=June 17, 2016 |access-date=May 4, 2022|website=[[Rock Paper Shotgun]] }}</ref> "perpetually miserable",<ref name="Prell 2015">{{Cite web |last=Prell |first=old Emma |date=August 12, 2015 |title=A chain-smoking Luigi is your forlorn guide through life in Ennuigi |url=http://www.gamesradar.com/chain-smoking-luigi-ennuigi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012195154/http://www.gamesradar.com/chain-smoking-luigi-ennuigi/ |archive-date=October 12, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |website=[[GamesRadar]]}}</ref> to "an angsty teenager who just finished writing a book report about [[Albert Camus]]' ''[[The Stranger (Camus novel)|The Stranger]]''."<ref name="Maiberg 2015" /> In a [[Reddit]] thread, Millard commented "I [...] think it's a pretty weird implied narrative once you step back and look at it, and enjoyed funneling some thoughts about all that into a recharacterization of Luigi as a guy who's as legitimately confused and distressed by his strange life as you'd expect a person to be once removed from the bubble of cartoony context of the franchise."<ref name="Messner 2016">{{Cite magazine |last=Messner |first=Steven |date=August 29, 2016 |title=In Ennuigi you play a depressed, chain-smoking Luigi who's lost all hope |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/ennuigi-mario-flash-game/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901124530/http://www.pcgamer.com/ennuigi-mario-flash-game/ |archive-date=September 1, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |magazine=[[PC Gamer]]}}</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
Line 96: Line 90:


On March 19, 2013, Nintendo began the "Year of Luigi". This included a year of Luigi-themed games like ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'', ''[[Dr. Luigi]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]'', and ''[[New Super Luigi U]]''. A ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' statue was released on [[Club Nintendo]]. On March 19, 2014, the Year of Luigi ended.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaston |first=Martin |date=February 18, 2014 |title=Miyamoto puts an official end to the Year of Luigi |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/miyamoto-puts-an-official-end-to-the-year-of-luigi/1100-6417820/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710041824/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/miyamoto-puts-an-official-end-to-the-year-of-luigi/1100-6417820/ |archive-date=July 10, 2017 |access-date=December 30, 2016 |website=[[GameSpot]]}}</ref> On October 4, 2019, Nintendo declared that the entire month of October would be the Month of Luigi. This was done to celebrate ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]'', which was released on October 31, 2019. The Month of Luigi ended on November 1, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Craddock |first=Ryan |date=October 4, 2019 |title=October 2019 Is Officially The Month Of Luigi |url=http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/10/october_2019_is_officially_the_month_of_luigi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007134212/http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/10/october_2019_is_officially_the_month_of_luigi |archive-date=October 7, 2019 |access-date=October 7, 2019 |website=[[Nintendo Life]] |language=en-GB}}</ref>
On March 19, 2013, Nintendo began the "Year of Luigi". This included a year of Luigi-themed games like ''[[Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon]]'', ''[[Dr. Luigi]]'', ''[[Mario & Luigi: Dream Team]]'', and ''[[New Super Luigi U]]''. A ''[[Luigi's Mansion]]'' statue was released on [[Club Nintendo]]. On March 19, 2014, the Year of Luigi ended.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gaston |first=Martin |date=February 18, 2014 |title=Miyamoto puts an official end to the Year of Luigi |url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/miyamoto-puts-an-official-end-to-the-year-of-luigi/1100-6417820/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170710041824/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/miyamoto-puts-an-official-end-to-the-year-of-luigi/1100-6417820/ |archive-date=July 10, 2017 |access-date=December 30, 2016 |website=[[GameSpot]]}}</ref> On October 4, 2019, Nintendo declared that the entire month of October would be the Month of Luigi. This was done to celebrate ''[[Luigi's Mansion 3]]'', which was released on October 31, 2019. The Month of Luigi ended on November 1, 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Craddock |first=Ryan |date=October 4, 2019 |title=October 2019 Is Officially The Month Of Luigi |url=http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/10/october_2019_is_officially_the_month_of_luigi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007134212/http://www.nintendolife.com/news/2019/10/october_2019_is_officially_the_month_of_luigi |archive-date=October 7, 2019 |access-date=October 7, 2019 |website=[[Nintendo Life]] |language=en-GB}}</ref>

⚫
In 2015, game designer Josh Millard released ''[[Ennuigi]]'' which relates the story of Luigi's inability to come to terms with the lack of narrative in the original ''Super Mario Bros''.<ref name="Billock 2015">{{Cite web |last=Billock |first=Jennifer |date=August 6, 2015 |title=One of the Mario Bros. has an existential crisis in the new game Ennuigi |url=https://www.avclub.com/one-of-the-mario-bros-has-an-existential-crisis-in-the-1798282735 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160831000522/http://www.avclub.com/article/one-mario-bros-has-existential-crisis-new-game-enn-223496 |archive-date=August 31, 2016 |access-date=May 4, 2022 |website=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref><ref name="Maiberg 2015">{{Cite web |last=Maiberg |first=Emanuel |date=August 17, 2015 |title=Uh Oh, Luigi Read Some Derrida and Now He's 'Ennuigi' |url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/vvbwgj/uh-oh-luigi-read-some-derrida-and-now-hes-ennuigi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108130755/https://www.vice.com/en/article/vvbwgj/uh-oh-luigi-read-some-derrida-and-now-hes-ennuigi |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |access-date=May 3, 2022 |website=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]}}</ref><ref name="Schneider 2015">{{Cite web |last=Schneider |first=Martin |date=August 6, 2015 |title='Ennuigi': Nintendo for pretentious existentialists |url=http://dangerousminds.net/comments/ennuigi_nintendo_for_pretentious_existentialists |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903010105/http://dangerousminds.net/comments/ennuigi_nintendo_for_pretentious_existentialists |archive-date=September 3, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |website=Dangerous Minds |publisher=DangerousMinds.net}}</ref> Reception regarding Luigi's character in ''Ennuigi'' ranged from "depressed",<ref name="Good 2016">{{Cite web |last=Good |first=Owen S. |date=August 27, 2016 |title=Bored? I'll show you boredom. Play 'Ennuigi' |url=http://www.polygon.com/2016/8/27/12672544/ennuigi-flash-game |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830053117/http://www.polygon.com/2016/8/27/12672544/ennuigi-flash-game |archive-date=August 30, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |website=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]]}}</ref> "laconic",<ref name="Gera 2015">{{Cite web |last=Gera |first=Emily |date=August 16, 2015 |title=Ennuigi: Bringing Existential Angst To Super Mario |url=https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ennuigi-existential-game |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617034124/https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/2015/08/16/ennuigi-existential-game/ |archive-date=June 17, 2016 |access-date=May 4, 2022 |website=[[Rock Paper Shotgun]]}}</ref> "perpetually miserable",<ref name="Prell 2015">{{Cite web |last=Prell |first=old Emma |date=August 12, 2015 |title=A chain-smoking Luigi is your forlorn guide through life in Ennuigi |url=http://www.gamesradar.com/chain-smoking-luigi-ennuigi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012195154/http://www.gamesradar.com/chain-smoking-luigi-ennuigi/ |archive-date=October 12, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |website=[[GamesRadar]]}}</ref> to "an angsty teenager who just finished writing a book report about [[Albert Camus]]' ''[[The Stranger (Camus novel)|The Stranger]]''."<ref name="Maiberg 2015" /> In a [[Reddit]] thread, Millard commented "I [...] think it's a pretty weird implied narrative once you step back and look at it, and enjoyed funneling some thoughts about all that into a recharacterization of Luigi as a guy who's as legitimately confused and distressed by his strange life as you'd expect a person to be once removed from the bubble of cartoony context of the franchise."<ref name="Messner 2016">{{Cite magazine |last=Messner |first=Steven |date=August 29, 2016 |title=In Ennuigi you play a depressed, chain-smoking Luigi who's lost all hope |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/ennuigi-mario-flash-game/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901124530/http://www.pcgamer.com/ennuigi-mario-flash-game/ |archive-date=September 1, 2016 |access-date=August 31, 2016 |magazine=[[PC Gamer]]}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 20:25, 31 August 2024

This article is about the Nintendo character. For other people named Luigi, see Luigi (given name). For other uses, see Luigi (disambiguation).

Luigi
Mario character
2D art of a cartoon plumber with a mustache, a large round nose, a green cap with the letter L, a green shirt, indigo overalls, and brown shoes.
Promotional art by Shigehisa Nakaue (2017)
First gameMario Bros. (Game & Watch) (1983)
Created byShigeru Miyamoto
Designed byShigeru Miyamoto
Yōichi Kotabe
Voiced byCharles Martinet (1992–2023)[1]
Kevin Afghani (2023–present)
Others:
Portrayed byDanny Wells (The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!)
John Leguizamo (Super Mario Bros.)
In-universe information
FamilyMario (Brother)
NationalityItalian (games)
Italian-American (other media)

Luigi (Japanese: ルイージ; /luˈiːdʒi/) is a character from the Mario franchise. Luigi is portrayed as a kind-hearted, cowardly Italian plumber, and the younger fraternal twin brother and sidekick of Mario.

Luigi was created by video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto and first appeared in Mario Bros. in which he was originally designed as a palette swap of Mario with a green color scheme, Luigi has since appeared in multiple games and other media throughout the Mario franchise which developed a personality and style of his own. As his role in the Mario franchise progressed, Luigi evolved into a physically distinct character, and become the main protagonist of Mario is Missing! and the Luigi's Mansion series

Nintendo called the period of March 2013 to March 2014 as the Year of Luigi to commemorate the thirtieth anniversary of the character's existence. Correspondingly, games released in 2013 emphasized Luigi. An unlockable Luigi-themed version of Mario Bros., titled Luigi Bros., was also included with Super Mario 3D World.

Concept and creation

This emblem appears on Luigi's hat and as a symbol for him in many game interfaces.

Luigi's creation began in 1982, during the development of Donkey Kong, where Shigeru Miyamoto had created Jumpman (then later known as Mario), hoping that he would be able to recast the character in a variety of roles in future games. Miyamoto was inspired by Joust to create a game with a simultaneous two-player mode, which led to his development of the game Mario Bros.[7] where Luigi was given the role of Mario's brother as the second playable character, both Mario and Luigi were styled as Italian plumbers in Mario Bros., on the suggestion of a colleague.[8]

It is currently unconfirmed how Luigi received his name, although there are many theories. New Straits Times noted that Miyamoto observed the Japanese word ruiji means "similar", thus explaining the similarities of Luigi to Mario.[9] Rus McLaughlin of IGN wrote that the theories from a rhyme on the Japanese word for "analogous" and a pizza parlor near Minoru Arakawa's office called Mario & Luigi's were considered. Software constraints at the time of the respective game's origins meant that Luigi's first appearance was restricted to a simple palette swap.[8]

After the success of Mario Bros., Luigi was introduced to a wider audience in the 1985 video game Super Mario Bros.,[9] while Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, marked the beginning of Luigi's development toward becoming a more distinguished character. Luigi's movement was no longer identical; he could now jump higher and farther than his brother, at the expense of movement response and precision.[10] Consequently, In 1988, an alternative release was developed to serve as Super Mario Bros. 2 for Western players (and later released in Japan as Super Mario USA); this version played a key role in shaping Luigi's current appearance.[8]

Actor portrayal

Much like his appearance, Luigi's vocal portrayal has fluctuated over the years. Mario Kart 64, in which many characters were voiced for the first time, some characters, including Luigi, had two different voices; the North American and European versions of the game feature a low-pitched voice for Luigi, provided by Charles Martinet, who also voiced Mario, Wario, and Waluigi. The Japanese version uses a high-pitched, falsetto voice, provided by the then French translator at Nintendo Julien Bardakoff. Inconsistent voice acting continued with many Nintendo 64 games; all versions of Mario Party feature Bardakoff's high-pitched clips from Mario Kart 64.[1]

Luigi retained this higher voice in Mario Party 2. In Mario Golf, Mario Tennis, and Mario Party 3, his voice returned to a lower state. Since then, with the exceptions of Mario Kart: Super Circuit and Super Smash Bros. Melee, Luigi has consistently had a medium-pitched voice, performed by Martinet. In Mario Kart: Super Circuit, Luigi's voice was the same high-pitched voice from the Japanese version of Mario Kart 64. In Super Smash Bros. and Super Smash Bros. Melee, Luigi's voice is made up of clips from Mario's voice taken from Super Mario 64, with raised pitches. In Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U, and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, he has his own voice (which is medium-pitched) instead of a pitched-up version of Mario's.[citation needed] Luigi was voiced by Charlie Day in the 2023 film adaptation.[5]

Characteristics

The arcade version of Mario Bros., released in 1983, featured Luigi (right) in his debut appearance as a palette swap of Mario (left).

Luigi is portrayed as the taller, younger brother of Mario, and is usually seen dressed in a green shirt, dark blue overalls, and a green hat with a green "L" insignia. Although Luigi is a plumber like Mario,[11] other facets of his personality vary from game to game; Luigi always seems nervous and timid, but is good-natured and can keep his temper better than his brother. A baby version of the character named Baby Luigi debuted in Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, who is held captive by Kamek. He also appeared in Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time as a playable character along with Baby Mario. He is voiced by Charles Martinet, just like his adult self. Being the younger twin of Mario, Luigi is presumed to be also 24 years old.[12]

While it has not been made official, Daisy has been rumored to be Luigi's romantic interest. In Mario Kart Wii they are seen in statue dancing together. She was his caddy in NES Open Tournament Golf,[13] as Peach was to Mario. Also on Daisy's trophy in Super Smash Bros. Melee, it says that she is possibly Luigi's answer to Mario's Peach.[14] Nintendo did not initially give Luigi a surname. The first notable use of "Luigi Mario" was in the 1993 live-action film adaptation. In September 2015, at the Super Mario Bros. 30th Anniversary festival, Miyamoto stated that Mario's full name was Mario Mario. As a result, this indirectly confirms Luigi's full name to be Luigi Mario.[15]

Appearances

Main article: List of Luigi video games

Luigi's first appearance was in the 1983 arcade game Mario Bros. as the character controlled by the second player. He retained this role in Wrecking Crew. He later appeared in Super Mario Bros. for the NES,[11] and again in Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels, Super Mario Bros. 2, Super Mario Bros. 3, and Super Mario World. Super Mario Bros. 2 introduced Luigi as the taller of the two brothers, as well as the better jumper. Super Mario Bros. 3, and Super Mario World returned to featuring Luigi as identical to Mario. He made a minor appearance in his baby form in Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island. Luigi was conspicuously absent in Super Mario 64 and Super Mario Sunshine. However, the Nintendo DS remake of Super Mario 64 features him as a playable character alongside Mario, Yoshi, and Wario.

Luigi has been associated with the more difficult second acts of multiple Super Mario games.[16] These include The Lost Levels, Super Mario Galaxy 2, New Super Luigi U and the new game plus in Super Mario 3D Land, which offer more challenging elaborations on their respective predecessors and allow the player to use Luigi as the main character, with whom reduced friction and higher jumping is consistent in all of these games. Luigi became playable in the Nintendo DS game New Super Mario Bros. as a hidden character, and as a hidden character in the Wii game Super Mario Galaxy. In its sequel, Super Mario Galaxy 2, the player can switch out for Luigi throughout the game.[17] He also appears as a playable character in New Super Mario Bros. Wii, where four players can play at once cooperatively as Mario, Luigi, and two Toads. He also appears in Super Mario 3D Land as a playable character as well as New Super Mario Bros. 2 and New Super Mario Bros. U, the latter having a DLC mode, where he is the main character, called New Super Luigi U. It has levels altered to his specific play abilities, including higher jumping. The DLC is also available as a standalone retail version. Luigi also appeared in Super Mario 3D World along with his brother, Peach, Rosalina and Toad.

Luigi appears in many of the Mario spin-off games, including Mario Kart, Mario Party, and all of the Mario sports games. He also appears in all five installments of the Super Smash Bros. series; in the first three installments and Ultimate, he is an unlockable character. Luigi received his own starring role in the 2001 video game Luigi's Mansion, where he wins a mansion from a contest he never entered, and saves Mario from King Boo. He reprised his role in the installments Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon and Luigi's Mansion 3.[18]

Luigi has appeared in every Mario role-playing games. While he originally made a cameo appearance in the end credits of Super Mario RPG, he appears more prominently in the Paper Mario series. He is a non-playable character in the original Paper Mario. In the sequel Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, he appears yet again as a non-player character, going on a separate adventure from Mario's. Super Paper Mario features him as a playable character after he is initially brainwashed into working for the antagonist under the name "Mr. L". In Paper Mario: Sticker Star and Paper Mario: Color Splash, Luigi plays a minor role and can be found in the background of certain levels for a coin reward. In Color Splash, Luigi appears at the end of the game driving a kart and helps Mario reach Bowser's Castle. In Paper Mario: The Origami King, he once again helps Mario by retrieving the keys of Peach's Castle himself.[19] The Mario & Luigi series features Luigi as a main protagonist; the events of the games focus on him and his brother Mario. He has appeared in all seven Mario & Luigi games.

Other media

Luigi made an appearance in the 1986 film Super Mario Bros.: The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach! in which he was voiced by Yū Mizushima. He was not given his consistent color scheme, sporting a yellow shirt and a blue hat and overalls. In the film, Luigi was a greedy character, and even left Mario at one point to look for coins. He was also a little more serious, but less courageous, than his brother Mario, who constantly daydreamed about Princess Peach.[20] Luigi later made an appearance in the OVA Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros. released in 1989, in which the Mario characters portrayed in the story of Snow White. He appears at the end of the video to save Mario and Peach from the Wicked Queen, portrayed by Koopa.

Luigi regularly appeared in The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, airing from 1989 to 1990, which cast Danny Wells as both his live-action portrayal and voice. Like his brother, Luigi's voice actor changed in later cartoons, in his case to Tony Rosato. Even though he was not the starring character in the show, Luigi appeared in all 91 episodes of the three DiC Mario television animated series, in one of which his brother himself did not appear ("Life's Ruff" from The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3).

Luigi played a different role in the Super Mario Bros. film, where he was portrayed by John Leguizamo.[21] He is depicted as a more easy-going character in contrast to the cynical Mario, portrayed by Bob Hoskins.[21] In the film, Luigi is not Mario's twin, but is much younger to the point that Mario is said to have been like a surrogate father to him since their parents' deaths, and his romantic relationship with Daisy is one of the film's main plot elements. Luigi appears in the 2023 film adaptation voiced by Charlie Day. Luigi, alongside his brother Mario, are residents of Brooklyn who recently began their own plumbing business. Both stumble upon a Pipe, and while Mario is transported to the Mushroom Kingdom, Luigi is transported to Dark Land where he is captured by Bowser and his forces. He later reunites with Mario near the film's climax to defeat Bowser.

Legacy

Main article: Year of Luigi

On March 19, 2013, Nintendo began the "Year of Luigi". This included a year of Luigi-themed games like Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon, Dr. Luigi, Mario & Luigi: Dream Team, and New Super Luigi U. A Luigi's Mansion statue was released on Club Nintendo. On March 19, 2014, the Year of Luigi ended.[22] On October 4, 2019, Nintendo declared that the entire month of October would be the Month of Luigi. This was done to celebrate Luigi's Mansion 3, which was released on October 31, 2019. The Month of Luigi ended on November 1, 2019.[23]

In 2015, game designer Josh Millard released Ennuigi which relates the story of Luigi's inability to come to terms with the lack of narrative in the original Super Mario Bros.[24][25][26] Reception regarding Luigi's character in Ennuigi ranged from "depressed",[27] "laconic",[28] "perpetually miserable",[29] to "an angsty teenager who just finished writing a book report about Albert Camus' The Stranger."[25] In a Reddit thread, Millard commented "I [...] think it's a pretty weird implied narrative once you step back and look at it, and enjoyed funneling some thoughts about all that into a recharacterization of Luigi as a guy who's as legitimately confused and distressed by his strange life as you'd expect a person to be once removed from the bubble of cartoony context of the franchise."[30]

References

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  2. ^ "Mario Is Missing!". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  3. ^ "Super Mario Bros. Movie - Audio Poster Pack". YouTube. November 2, 2012. Retrieved September 13, 2023.
  4. ^ "Hotel Mario". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.
  5. ^ a b Murphy, J. Kim (September 23, 2021). "Nintendo Direct: Chris Pratt Will Voice Mario in the Super Mario Bros. Movie". IGN. Archived from the original on September 23, 2021. Retrieved September 24, 2021.
  6. ^ "News Release : Nov. 30, 2022 "Illumination and Nintendo Announce Second Trailer and the Japanese voice cast for The Super Mario Bros. Movie"". Nintendo Co., Ltd. Archived from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved November 29, 2022.
  7. ^ DeMaria, Rusel (2002). High score! : the illustrated history of electronic games. McGraw Hill-Osbourne. p. 238. ISBN 978-0-07-222428-3.
  8. ^ a b c McLaughlin, Rus (November 8, 2007). "IGN Presents: The History of Super Mario Bros". IGN. Archived from the original on February 14, 2008. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
  9. ^ a b "Super Mario: The New Craze in Japan". New Straits Times. August 10, 1986. p. 10. Archived from the original on March 10, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  10. ^ Hayward, Andrew (October 1, 2007). "VC Update: Sin and Punishment, Mario: Lost Levels". 1up.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011.
  11. ^ a b "Luigi Biography". IGN. Archived from the original on August 17, 2009. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  12. ^ Mendelsohn, Tom (September 30, 2016). "Mario is only 24 years old, according to creator Shigeru Miyamoto". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on August 6, 2018. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
  13. ^ "IGN: Princess Daisy Biography". IGN. July 7, 2010. Archived from the original on November 29, 2007. Retrieved August 10, 2010.
  14. ^ 2002. Nintendo. "Trophy Gallery" on Super Smash Bros. Melee game disc.
  15. ^ 【衝撃事実】ついに任天堂公式のマリオの本名が判明！任天堂の代表取締役・宮本茂氏が明かす [[Impact] fact finally found real name of Nintendo official of Mario! Reveal the representative director, Shigeru Miyamoto of Nintendo] (in Japanese). September 14, 2015. Archived from the original on June 16, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2016.
  16. ^ Jeremy Parish (June 25, 2013). "New Super Luigi U Review". USGamer. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  17. ^ Gilbert, Henry (April 23, 2010). "Luigi in Mario Galaxy 2? Official Japanese site says yes, Super Mario Galaxy 2 Wii News". GamesRadar+. Archived from the original on February 3, 2022. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  18. ^ Brown, Andrew (June 7, 2011). "Luigi's Mansion 2 to Haunt Nintendo 3DS". Nintendo World Report. Archived from the original on November 27, 2011. Retrieved August 4, 2011.
  19. ^ "Paper Mario: The Origami King". Nintendo of Europe GmbH. Archived from the original on January 28, 2024. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  20. ^ Plunkett, Luke (April 19, 2012). "There was a Good Super Mario Bros. Movie. Let's Watch it!". Kotaku. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
  21. ^ a b "At the Movies: Super Mario Bros". Bventertainment. Archived from the original on September 21, 2008. Retrieved January 25, 2010.
  22. ^ Gaston, Martin (February 18, 2014). "Miyamoto puts an official end to the Year of Luigi". GameSpot. Archived from the original on July 10, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
  23. ^ Craddock, Ryan (October 4, 2019). "October 2019 Is Officially The Month Of Luigi". Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on October 7, 2019. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
  24. ^ Billock, Jennifer (August 6, 2015). "One of the Mario Bros. has an existential crisis in the new game Ennuigi". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on August 31, 2016. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  25. ^ a b Maiberg, Emanuel (August 17, 2015). "Uh Oh, Luigi Read Some Derrida and Now He's 'Ennuigi'". Vice. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
  26. ^ Schneider, Martin (August 6, 2015). "'Ennuigi': Nintendo for pretentious existentialists". Dangerous Minds. DangerousMinds.net. Archived from the original on September 3, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  27. ^ Good, Owen S. (August 27, 2016). "Bored? I'll show you boredom. Play 'Ennuigi'". Polygon. Archived from the original on August 30, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  28. ^ Gera, Emily (August 16, 2015). "Ennuigi: Bringing Existential Angst To Super Mario". Rock Paper Shotgun. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  29. ^ Prell, old Emma (August 12, 2015). "A chain-smoking Luigi is your forlorn guide through life in Ennuigi". GamesRadar. Archived from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  30. ^ Messner, Steven (August 29, 2016). "In Ennuigi you play a depressed, chain-smoking Luigi who's lost all hope". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on September 1, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
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