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{{short description|Russian breed of light riding horse}} |
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{{Unreferenced|date=February 2007}} |
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| image_alt = a slim silver-grey horse trotting |
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|image_caption=Tersk stallion |
| image_caption= Tersk stallion |
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|country= [[Russia]] |
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| status = [[FAO]] (2007): endangered{{r|barb|page=139}} |
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| altname = {{ubl|{{lang-ru|Терская|italic=no}}|Terskaya|Tersky}} |
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| distribution = [[Stavropol Krai]] |
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| use = [[riding horse]] |
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| colour = grey, dark colours{{r|cabi|page=507}} |
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| height = |
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| male_height = 160 cm{{r|dmit|page=301}} |
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| female_height = 157 cm{{r|dmit|page=301}} |
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[[File:Marshal Zhukov at 1945 Moscow Victory Parade.jpg|thumb|Marshal [[Georgy Zhukov]] riding a Tersk horse in the [[Moscow Victory Parade of 1945|Moscow Victory Parade]] on 24 June 1945]] |
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The '''Tersk''' or '''Tersky''' is a Russian [[list of horse breeds|breed]] of light [[riding horse]] of [[Arab horse|Arab]] type. It was bred at the [[Tersk Stud]] in [[Stavropol Krai]] in the [[North Caucasus]] between about 1925 and 1940.{{r|cabi|page=507|dmit|page2=300}} |
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The '''Tersk''' is a breed of [[horse]], developed in Russia in the 1920s. |
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The [[Tersk Stud]] was established by [[Semyon Budyonny]] in 1921 with the aim of re-establishing the horse population of Russia, which was depleted after the events of the [[Russian Revolution]] of 1917. |
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The Tersk was first developed in the 1920s and 1940s at the [[Tersk Stud|Tersk]] and Stavropol Studs in the Northern Caucasus mountains in Russia. Marshal [[Semyon Budyonny|S. M. Budyonny]] (who the [[Budyonny (horse)|Budyonny]] breed is named after) had great input on the breed. |
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Among the horses brought there in 1925 were two stallions and a few mares of the Ukrainian [[Strelets Arab|Strelets]] breed;{{r|edwards|page=89}} this breed, now extinct, was a part-bred [[Arab horse|Arab]] with some influence of [[Orlov Trotter]], [[Russian Don|Don]] and [[Kabardin (horse)|Kabardin]].{{r|cabi|page=507}} The two stallions, Tsenitel and Tsilindr, were used on cross-bred mares with Arab, Don, Kabardin and Strelets blood. To create the Tersk breed, the resulting mares were put to Arab stallions, among them Koheilan IV, Marosh, and Nasim.{{r|dmit|page=300}} The intent was to create a riding horse of Arab type, but larger and better adapted to [[extensive management]] in the [[taboon]] system.{{r|cabi|page=507|dmit|page2=300}} The breed was officially recognised in 1948.{{r|imh}} |
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The Tersk was formed mainly from the Strelets Arabians, bred at the Strelets stud in Ukraine and virtually extinct by the 1920s. The Strelets was produced by crossing pure [[Arabian horse|Arabians]] with high-quality [[Orlov Trotter]]s and [[Anglo-Arabian]]s. A little [[Thoroughbred]] blood was also added. The resulting horse had an Arabian look, but was larger than the pure-breds. The remaining Strelets, including the two stallions Tsenitel and Tsilindr, were taken to the [[Tersk Stud]] in an attempt to increase their numbers. At the stud, the stallions were mated with [[Arabian horse|Arabian]], [[Russian Don|Don]], Strelets, Kabarda, and various cross-bred mares, including Strelets x [[Kabardin]] and [[Arabian horse|Arabian]] x [[Russian Don|Don]]. Early crosses produced a successful Arabian-type horse. It was further improved by three Arabian stallions: Marosh, Nasim, and Koheilan. The Tersk has also been continually improved by [[Kabardin]], [[Thoroughbred]], [[Arabian horse|Arabian]], and [[Russian Don]] blood. By 1948, the breed was officially recognized. |
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In 2007 the [[conservation status]] of the Tersk in Europe was listed by the [[FAO]] as "endangered".{{r|barb|page=139}} |
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The horses are known for their endurance, demonstrated when several horses were entered in a 192-mile ride and every Tersk finished in good time and shape, and so are good for [[endurance riding]]. The Tersk's graceful Arabian stride makes them good for [[dressage]], and their bold nature and athleticism suits them for [[show jumping]]. They are also very fast, and frequently raced against Arabians. |
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== Characteristics == |
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Although the Tersk looks fragile and has a very thin coat, they cope well in their harsh climate. They are very beautiful, and have great endurance. The horses have a calm temperament, and are intelligent and quick learners. The Tersk has a refined head with large, expressive eyes, and medium-length ears. The neck is muscular and high-set. The horses have sloped shoulders, a deep chest, strong back with muscular loins, and a flattish croup. The legs are fine with well-defined tendons. The horses are light-framed, and light in bone, although the breed standard calls for a measurement of 7.5 inches. |
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The Tersk is similar in conformation to the Arab. It has a light head with straight profile; the shoulders are sloped, the chest broad, the back straight, the [[croup (horse)|croup]] rounded, and the legs slender but strong. The tail is set on high. The skin is fine, as is the hair of the coat, mane and tail.{{r|elise|page=258}} The coat is often a silvery [[grey (coat)|grey]], but may also be [[bay (coat)|bay]] or [[chestnut (coat)|chestnut]].{{r|elise|page=258}} |
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Mares stand up to 14.3 hh, stallions up to 15 hh. The horses are almost always gray or "white" with a silvery sheen, although there is the occasional chestnut. |
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== Use == |
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{{Equine|state=collapsed}} |
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The Tersk is well suited to use in [[eventing]], in [[cross-country riding]], in [[dressage]] and in [[show-jumping]].{{r|elise|page=258}} It may be used for [[endurance riding]], in which it excels; in one race over {{convert|310|km|mi|abbr=on|-1}}, all participating Tersk horses finished the course without difficulty.{{r|dmit|page=301}} The horses are often used in circuses.{{r|edwards|page=89}} |
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Tersk stallions have been used for [[cross-breeding]] with other breeds such as the [[Lokai]] and the [[Deliboz]] in the hope of improving them.{{r|dmit|page=301}} |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist|45em|refs= |
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<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1250e/a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{ISBN|9789251057629}}. Accessed October 2014.</ref> |
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<ref name=cabi>Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.com/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ ''Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding''] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{ISBN|9781780647944}}.</ref> |
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<ref name=dmit>N.G. Dmitriev, L.K. Ernst (1989). [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20091113044601/ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ah759e/ah759e.pdf ''Animal genetic resources of the USSR'']. FAO animal production and health paper 65. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{ISBN|9251025827}}. Archived 13 November 2009. Also available [https://web.archive.org/web/20170929123942/http://www.fao.org:80/docrep/009/ah759e/AH759E13.htm here], archived 29 September 2017.</ref> |
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<ref name=edwards>Elwyn Hartley Edwards (1994). ''The Encyclopedia of the Horse''. London; New York; Stuttgart; Moscow: Dorling Kindersley. {{ISBN|0751301159}}.</ref> |
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<ref name=elise>Élise Rousseau, Yann Le Bris, Teresa Lavender Fagan (2017). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Eus9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA176 ''Horses of the World'']. Princeton: Princeton University Press. {{ISBN|9780691167206}}.</ref> |
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<ref name=imh>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200128190230/http://imh.org/exhibits/online/breeds-of-the-world/europe/tersky-horse-and-streletsky-horse/ Tersky Horse and Streletsky Horse]. Lexington, Kentucky: International Museum of the Horse. Archived 28 January 2020.</ref> |
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}} |
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{{Horse breeds of the Russian Federation}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Tersk Horse}} |
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Revision as of 16:35, 31 August 2024
 Tersk stallion | |
| Conservation status | FAO (2007): endangered[1]: 139 |
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| Other names |
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| Country of origin | Russian Federation |
| Distribution | Stavropol Krai |
| Use | riding horse |
| Traits | |
| Height | |
| Colour | grey, dark colours[3]: 507 |
The Tersk or Tersky is a Russian breed of light riding horse of Arab type. It was bred at the Tersk Stud in Stavropol Krai in the North Caucasus between about 1925 and 1940.[3]: 507 [2]: 300
History
The Tersk Stud was established by Semyon Budyonny in 1921 with the aim of re-establishing the horse population of Russia, which was depleted after the events of the Russian Revolution of 1917.
Among the horses brought there in 1925 were two stallions and a few mares of the Ukrainian Strelets breed;[4]: 89 this breed, now extinct, was a part-bred Arab with some influence of Orlov Trotter, Don and Kabardin.[3]: 507 The two stallions, Tsenitel and Tsilindr, were used on cross-bred mares with Arab, Don, Kabardin and Strelets blood. To create the Tersk breed, the resulting mares were put to Arab stallions, among them Koheilan IV, Marosh, and Nasim.[2]: 300 The intent was to create a riding horse of Arab type, but larger and better adapted to extensive management in the taboon system.[3]: 507 [2]: 300 The breed was officially recognised in 1948.[5]
In 2007 the conservation status of the Tersk in Europe was listed by the FAO as "endangered".[1]: 139
Characteristics
The Tersk is similar in conformation to the Arab. It has a light head with straight profile; the shoulders are sloped, the chest broad, the back straight, the croup rounded, and the legs slender but strong. The tail is set on high. The skin is fine, as is the hair of the coat, mane and tail.[6]: 258 The coat is often a silvery grey, but may also be bay or chestnut.[6]: 258
Use
The Tersk is well suited to use in eventing, in cross-country riding, in dressage and in show-jumping.[6]: 258 It may be used for endurance riding, in which it excels; in one race over 310 km (190 mi), all participating Tersk horses finished the course without difficulty.[2]: 301 The horses are often used in circuses.[4]: 89
Tersk stallions have been used for cross-breeding with other breeds such as the Lokai and the Deliboz in the hope of improving them.[2]: 301
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tersk horse.
- ^ a b Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Accessed October 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g N.G. Dmitriev, L.K. Ernst (1989). Animal genetic resources of the USSR. FAO animal production and health paper 65. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9251025827. Archived 13 November 2009. Also available here, archived 29 September 2017.
- ^ a b c d Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
- ^ a b Elwyn Hartley Edwards (1994). The Encyclopedia of the Horse. London; New York; Stuttgart; Moscow: Dorling Kindersley. ISBN 0751301159.
- ^ Tersky Horse and Streletsky Horse. Lexington, Kentucky: International Museum of the Horse. Archived 28 January 2020.
- ^ a b c Élise Rousseau, Yann Le Bris, Teresa Lavender Fagan (2017). Horses of the World. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691167206.