Bipin Rawat: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|First Chief of Defence Staff of India (1958–2021)}} |
{{Short description|First Chief of Defence Staff of India (1958–2021)}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}} |
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{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}} |
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}} |
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| honorific_prefix = [[General (India)|General]] |
| honorific_prefix = [[General (India)|General]] |
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| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|size=100%|country=IND|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|YSM|SM|VSM|ADC}} |
| honorific_suffix = {{Post-nominals|size=100%|country=IND|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|YSM|SM|VSM|ADC}} |
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| image = |
| image = [[File:Bipin Rawat Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).jpg|250px]] |
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[[File:Bipin Rawat Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).jpg|250px]] |
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| alt = |
| alt = |
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| caption = Official portrait, 2020 |
| caption = Official portrait, 2020 |
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| term_end = {{end date|2021|12|08|df=yes}} |
| term_end = {{end date|2021|12|08|df=yes}} |
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| predecessor = ''Office established'' |
| predecessor = ''Office established'' |
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| successor = [[Anil Chauhan]] |
| successor = [[Anil Chauhan]] (2022) |
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| 1blankname = Minister of Defence |
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| 1namedata = [[Rajnath Singh]] |
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| president = [[Ram Nath Kovind]] |
| president = [[Ram Nath Kovind]] |
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| primeminister = [[Narendra Modi]] |
| primeminister = [[Narendra Modi]] |
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| term_start1 = {{start date|2019|09|27|df=yes}} |
| term_start1 = {{start date|2019|09|27|df=yes}} |
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| term_end1 = {{end date|2021|12|08|df=yes}}<br>{{small|(27 September 2019–31 December 2019 as [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|COAS]])<br />(1 January 2020 – 8 December 2021 as [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|CDS]])}} |
| term_end1 = {{end date|2021|12|08|df=yes}}<br>{{small|(27 September 2019–31 December 2019 as [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|COAS]])<br />(1 January 2020 – 8 December 2021 as [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|CDS]])}} |
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| 1blankname1 = Minister of Defence |
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| 1namedata1 = [[Rajnath Singh]] |
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| president1 = [[Ram Nath Kovind]] |
| president1 = [[Ram Nath Kovind]] |
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| primeminister1 = [[Narendra Modi]] |
| primeminister1 = [[Narendra Modi]] |
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| predecessor1 = [[Birender Singh Dhanoa]] |
| predecessor1 = [[Birender Singh Dhanoa]] |
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| successor1 = [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]] ''(acting)''<br>[[Anil Chauhan]] |
| successor1 = [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]] ''(acting)''<br>[[Anil Chauhan]] |
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| office2 = |
| office2 = 27th [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] |
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| term_start2 = {{start date|2016|12|31|df=yes}} |
| term_start2 = {{start date|2016|12|31|df=yes}} |
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| term_end2 = {{end date|2019|12|31|df=yes}} |
| term_end2 = {{end date|2019|12|31|df=yes}} |
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}} |
}} |
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| primeminister2 = [[Narendra Modi]] |
| primeminister2 = [[Narendra Modi]] |
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| 1blankname2 = Minister of Defence |
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| 1namedata2 = {{plainlist| |
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* [[Manohar Parrikar]] |
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* [[Arun Jaitley]] |
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* [[Nirmala Sitharaman]] |
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* [[Rajnath Singh]] |
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}} |
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| predecessor2 = [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]] |
| predecessor2 = [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]] |
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| successor2 = [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/lt-gen-manoj-mukund-naravane-to-be-next-army-chief-11576512004693.html|title=Lt Gen Manoj Mukund Naravane to be next Army Chief|publisher=LiveMint|access-date=16 December 2019|date=16 December 2019}}</ref> |
| successor2 = [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/lt-gen-manoj-mukund-naravane-to-be-next-army-chief-11576512004693.html|title=Lt Gen Manoj Mukund Naravane to be next Army Chief|publisher=LiveMint|access-date=16 December 2019|date=16 December 2019}}</ref> |
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| signature_size = |
| signature_size = |
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| signature_alt = |
| signature_alt = |
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| parents = Lt. Gen. [[Lakshman Singh Rawat]] (father) |
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}} |
}} |
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[[General (India)|General]] '''Bipin Rawat''' {{Post-nominals|country=IND|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|YSM|SM|VSM|ADC}} (16 March 1958 |
[[General (India)|General]] '''Bipin Rawat''' {{Post-nominals|country=IND|PVSM|UYSM|AVSM|YSM|SM|VSM|ADC}} (16 March 1958 – 8 December 2021) was an Indian military officer who was a [[Four-star rank|four-star general]] of the [[Indian Army]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bhaumik|first=Subir|date=8 December 2021|title=Bipin Rawat: India's 'inspiring commander' who died in helicopter crash|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|location=[[Kolkata]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-59578168|access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> He served as the first [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]] (CDS) of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] from January 2020 until his death in [[2021 Indian Air Force Mi-17 crash|a helicopter crash]] in December 2021. Prior to taking over as the CDS, he served as the 57th [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]] (Chairman COSC) of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] as well as 27th [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] (COAS) of the Indian Army.<ref name="Chairman COSC">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/gen-rawat-takes-over-as-chairman-of-chiefs-of-staff-committee/article29528935.ece|title=Gen. Rawat takes over as Chairman of Chiefs of Staff Committee|work=The Hindu|access-date=27 September 2019|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=General Bipin Rawat took over as 27th COAS |url=https://x.com/adgpi/status/815124359287336960 |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=X (formerly Twitter)}}</ref> |
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Born in Pauri, Pauri Garhwal district in present-day |
Born in Pauri, Pauri Garhwal district in present-day Uttarakhand to Lieutenant General [[Lakshman Singh Rawat]], he graduated from the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]] and the [[Indian Military Academy]] where he was awarded the Sword of Honour. He was commissioned into his father's unit - [[5/11 Gorkha Rifles|11 Gorkha Rifles]]. He served during the [[1987 Sino-Indian skirmish]] in the [[Sumdorong Chu]] valley. He commanded a company in [[Uri, Jammu and Kashmir|Uri]] and his battalion - 5/11 GR along the [[Line of Actual Control]] in [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. Promoted to the rank of [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]], he commanded 5 sector [[Rashtriya Rifles]] in [[Sopore]]. He subsequently served with the [[United Nations peacekeeping|United Nations]] as the Commander of a Multinational Brigade as part of [[MONUSCO]]. |
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Promoted to [[general officer]], Rawat commanded the [[19th Indian Infantry Division|19 Infantry Division]] at Uri. He then served as the Major General General Staff (MGGS) at Headquarters [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]]. In 2014, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and appointed [[General officer commanding]] (GOC) [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]] at Dimapur. During this tenure, the [[2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar]] took place where units under his command executed cross-border strikes against the [[National Socialist Council of Nagaland|NSCN-K]]. In early 2016, Rawat was promoted to Army Commander grade and appointed [[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command]]. After a short stint, he moved to Army HQ as the [[Vice Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Army Staff]]. In December that year, he was appointed the next [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] superseding two senior generals. As the senior-most chief of staff amongst the three services, he served as the [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]] of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] from September to December |
Promoted to [[general officer]], Rawat commanded the [[19th Indian Infantry Division|19 Infantry Division]] at [[Uri, Jammu and Kashmir|Uri]]. He then served as the [[Major general (India)|Major General]] General Staff (MGGS) at Headquarters [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]]. In 2014, he was promoted to the rank of [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]] and appointed [[General officer commanding]] (GOC) [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]] at [[Dimapur]]. During this tenure, the [[2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar]] took place where units under his command executed cross-border strikes against the [[National Socialist Council of Nagaland|NSCN-K]]. In early 2016, Rawat was promoted to Army Commander grade and appointed [[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command]]. After a short stint, he moved to Army HQ as the [[Vice Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Army Staff]]. In December that year, he was appointed the next [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]] superseding two senior generals. As the senior-most chief of staff amongst the three services, he served as the [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]] of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] from September 2019 to December 2021. He was appointed as the first [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]] (CDS) of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] in January 2020 and served until his death in December 2021.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" /> |
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During Rawat's tenure as the COAS, in 2017, a [[2017 China–India border standoff|73-day military border standoff]] happened at [[Doklam]] between the Indian Armed Forces and the [[People's Liberation Army]]. |
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== Early life and education == |
== Early life and education == |
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Bipin Rawat was born in [[Pauri]] town of [[Pauri Garhwal district]], present-day [[Uttarakhand]] state, on 16 March 1958 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/army-chief-gen-bipin-rawat-set-to-be-indias-first-cds-1.68733228 |title=Army Chief Gen Bipin Rawat set to be India's first CDS |last=Madan |first=Karuna |date=30 December 2019 |website=Gulf News |access-date=9 December 2021 }}</ref> to a [[Hindu]] [[Garhwali people|Garhwali]] [[Rajput]] family.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/top-positions-in-countrys-security-establishments-helmed-by-men-from-ukhand/articleshow/56056880.cms|title=Top positions in country's security establishments helmed by men from Uttarakhand - Times of India|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 December 2016 |access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221184712/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/top-positions-in-countrys-security-establishments-helmed-by-men-from-ukhand/articleshow/56056880.cms|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> His family had been serving in the Indian Army for multiple generations. His father [[Lakshman Singh Rawat]] (1930–2015) was from Sainj village of the Pauri Garhwal district; commissioned into 11 Gorkha Rifles in 1951, he retired as [[Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Army Staff]] in 1988 |
Bipin Rawat was born in [[Pauri]] town of [[Pauri Garhwal district]], present-day [[Uttarakhand]] state, on 16 March 1958 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/india/army-chief-gen-bipin-rawat-set-to-be-indias-first-cds-1.68733228 |title=Army Chief Gen Bipin Rawat set to be India's first CDS |last=Madan |first=Karuna |date=30 December 2019 |website=Gulf News |access-date=9 December 2021 }}</ref> to a [[Hindu]] [[Garhwali people|Garhwali]] [[Rajput]] family.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/top-positions-in-countrys-security-establishments-helmed-by-men-from-ukhand/articleshow/56056880.cms|title=Top positions in country's security establishments helmed by men from Uttarakhand - Times of India|website=[[The Times of India]] |date=19 December 2016 |access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221184712/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/dehradun/top-positions-in-countrys-security-establishments-helmed-by-men-from-ukhand/articleshow/56056880.cms|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> His family had been serving in the Indian Army for multiple generations. His father [[Lakshman Singh Rawat]] (1930–2015) was from Sainj village of the Pauri Garhwal district; commissioned into [[11 Gorkha Rifles|3/11 Gorkha Rifles]] in 1951, he retired as [[Deputy Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Army Staff]] in 1988 in the rank of [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Sen |first=Sudhi Ranjan |date=19 December 2016 |title=India's New Army Chief Walks In The Footsteps Of His Father, Who Was Deputy Chief |url=https://www.huffpost.com/archive/in/entry/indias-new-army-chief-walks-in-the-footsteps-of-his-father-who_a_21630986 |work=HuffPost India |location= |access-date=10 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.webindia123.com/News/Articles/India/20161217/3015239.html|title=Gen Bipin Rawat known for operational skills and strategic expertise|access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224233624/http://news.webindia123.com/News/Articles/India/20161217/3015239.html|archive-date=24 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2016/dec/19/bipin-rawat-to-have-full-three-years-tenure-1550946.html|title=Bipin Rawat to have full three years tenure|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=8 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221193651/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2016/dec/19/bipin-rawat-to-have-full-three-years-tenure-1550946.html|archive-date=21 December 2016}}</ref> His mother was from the [[Uttarkashi district]] and was the daughter of Kishan Singh Parmar, the ex-[[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] (MLA) from [[Uttarkashi (Uttarakhand Assembly constituency)|Uttarkashi]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Army Chief visits mother's ancestral village |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/army-chief-visits-mother-s-ancestral-village-119092001353_1.html |website=Business Standard India |date=20 September 2019|agency=Press Trust of India }}</ref> |
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Rawat was educated at [[Cambrian Hall]] school in [[Dehradun]] and at the [[St. Edward's School, Shimla]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Service|first=Tribune News|title=Rawat visits alma mater, ARTRAC|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/himachal/rawat-visits-alma-mater-artrac-772528|access-date=8 December 2021|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref> He then joined the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]], Khadakwasla and the [[Indian Military Academy]], [[Dehradun]], from where he graduated first in the order of merit and was awarded the 'Sword of Honour'.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|title=India's first Chief of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat killed in helicopter crash|url=https://indianexpress.com/photos/india-news/cds-general-bipin-rawat-death-helicopter-crash-7662911/|access-date=8 December 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> |
Rawat was educated at [[Cambrian Hall]] school in [[Dehradun]] and at the [[St. Edward's School, Shimla]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Service|first=Tribune News|title=Rawat visits alma mater, ARTRAC|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/himachal/rawat-visits-alma-mater-artrac-772528|access-date=8 December 2021|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref> He then joined the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]], Khadakwasla and the [[Indian Military Academy]], [[Dehradun]], from where he graduated first in the order of merit and was awarded the 'Sword of Honour'.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|title=India's first Chief of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat killed in helicopter crash|url=https://indianexpress.com/photos/india-news/cds-general-bipin-rawat-death-helicopter-crash-7662911/|access-date=8 December 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> |
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== Military career == |
== Military career == |
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=== Early career === |
=== Early career === |
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Rawat was commissioned into the 5th battalion, the [[11 Gorkha Rifles]] (5/11 GR) on 16 December 1978, the same unit as his father.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/|title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat takes over as new Army Commander|date=2 January 2016|access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225044152/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/|archive-date=25 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/In-surprise-move-Lt.-Gen.-Bipin-Rawat-appointed-next-Army-Chief/article16896802.ece|title=In surprise move, Lt. Gen. Bipin Rawat appointed next Army Chief|first=Dinakar|last=Peri|access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221193836/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/In-surprise-move-Lt.-Gen.-Bipin-Rawat-appointed-next-Army-Chief/article16896802.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016|newspaper=The Hindu|date=17 December 2016}}</ref> During the [[1987 Sino-Indian skirmish]] in the [[Sumdorong Chu]] valley, then Captain Rawat's battalion was deployed against the Chinese [[People's Liberation Army]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/army-chief-general-bipin-rawat-bakshi/1/837176.html|title=Why General Rawat made the cut which General Bakshi failed to|access-date=18 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161217204522/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/army-chief-general-bipin-rawat-bakshi/1/837176.html|archive-date=17 December 2016}}</ref> The standoff was the first military confrontation along the disputed [[McMahon Line]] after the [[Sino-Indian War|1962 war]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Flashback from 1986: When India First Stared China in the Eye |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/flashback-from-1986-when-india-first-stared-china-in-the-eye-1454405.html |access-date=8 December 2021 |work=News18 |date=7 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref> |
Rawat was commissioned into the 5th battalion, the [[11 Gorkha Rifles]] (5/11 GR) on 16 December 1978, the same unit as his father.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/|title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat takes over as new Army Commander|date=2 January 2016|access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225044152/http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/|archive-date=25 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/In-surprise-move-Lt.-Gen.-Bipin-Rawat-appointed-next-Army-Chief/article16896802.ece|title=In surprise move, Lt. Gen. Bipin Rawat appointed next Army Chief|first=Dinakar|last=Peri|access-date=1 January 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221193836/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/In-surprise-move-Lt.-Gen.-Bipin-Rawat-appointed-next-Army-Chief/article16896802.ece|archive-date=21 December 2016|newspaper=The Hindu|date=17 December 2016}}</ref> During the [[1987 Sino-Indian skirmish]] in the [[Sumdorong Chu]] valley, then Captain Rawat's battalion was deployed against the Chinese [[People's Liberation Army]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/army-chief-general-bipin-rawat-bakshi/1/837176.html|title=Why General Rawat made the cut which General Bakshi failed to|access-date=18 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161217204522/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/army-chief-general-bipin-rawat-bakshi/1/837176.html|archive-date=17 December 2016}}</ref> The standoff was the first military confrontation along the disputed [[McMahon Line]] after the [[Sino-Indian War|1962 war]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Flashback from 1986: When India First Stared China in the Eye |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/flashback-from-1986-when-india-first-stared-china-in-the-eye-1454405.html |access-date=8 December 2021 |work=News18 |date=7 July 2017 |language=en}}</ref> |
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Early in his career, Rawat had an instructional tenure at the [[Indian Military Academy]], [[Dehradun]]. He had much experience in high-altitude warfare and spent ten years conducting [[counter-insurgency]] operations.<ref name=":2" /> He commanded a [[Company (military unit)|company]] in [[Uri, Jammu and Kashmir|Uri]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] as a Major. He attended the [[Defence Services Staff College]], [[Wellington Cantonment|Wellington]]. After the course, he was appointed General Staff Officer, Grade 2 (GSO2) at the Military Operations Directorate at Army headquarters. He also served as a logistics staff officer of a Re-organised Army Plains Infantry Division (RAPID) in Central India. He attended the Higher Command Course at the [[United States Army Command and General Staff College]] (USACGSC) at [[Fort Leavenworth]], [[Kansas]]. |
Early in his career, Rawat had an instructional tenure at the [[Indian Military Academy]], [[Dehradun]]. He had much experience in high-altitude warfare and spent ten years conducting [[counter-insurgency]] operations.<ref name=":2" /> He commanded a [[Company (military unit)|company]] in [[Uri, Jammu and Kashmir|Uri]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] as a Major. He attended the [[Defence Services Staff College]], [[Wellington Cantonment|Wellington]]. After the course, he was appointed General Staff Officer, Grade 2 (GSO2) at the Military Operations Directorate at Army headquarters. He also served as a logistics staff officer of a Re-organised Army Plains Infantry Division (RAPID) in Central India. He attended the Higher Command Course at the [[United States Army Command and General Staff College]] (USACGSC) at [[Fort Leavenworth]], [[Kansas]]. |
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As a [[Colonel (India)| |
As a [[Colonel (India)|colonel]], Rawat commanded his battalion, the 5th [[battalion]], the [[11 Gorkha Rifles]], in the eastern sector along the [[Line of Actual Control]] at [[Kibithu]]. For his command of 5/11 GR, he was awarded the [[Vishisht Seva Medal]] on 26 January 2001.<ref name="VSM">{{cite web |title=The Gazette of India |url=https://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2001/O-2378-2001-0021-110697.pdf |website=egazette.nic.in |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> He also served as Colonel Military Secretary (Col MS) and Deputy Military Secretary in the Military Secretary's Branch and as a Senior Instructor in the Junior Command Wing.<ref name="Experience 2016 Express" /><ref name="Rawat Highlights NDTV" /> |
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On 26 January 2005, he was awarded the [[Sena Medal]] for devotion to duty.<ref name="SM">{{cite web |title=The Gazette of India |url=https://ia800102.us.archive.org/20/items/in.gazette.2005.138/W_15_2011_112_text.pdf |website=us.archive.org |access-date=18 February 2023}}</ref> Promoted to the rank of [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]], he commanded 5 Sector [[Rashtriya Rifles]] in [[Sopore]]. He was awarded the [[Yudh Seva Medal]] for his command of 5 Sector RR.<ref name="YSM">{{cite web |title=Republic Day Gallantry and other Defence Decorations |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=46977 |website=archive.pib.gov.in. |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> |
On 26 January 2005, he was awarded the [[Sena Medal]] for devotion to duty.<ref name="SM">{{cite web |title=The Gazette of India |url=https://ia800102.us.archive.org/20/items/in.gazette.2005.138/W_15_2011_112_text.pdf |website=us.archive.org |access-date=18 February 2023}}</ref> Promoted to the rank of [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]], he commanded 5 Sector [[Rashtriya Rifles]] in [[Sopore]]. He was awarded the [[Yudh Seva Medal]] for his command of 5 Sector RR.<ref name="YSM">{{cite web |title=Republic Day Gallantry and other Defence Decorations |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=46977 |website=archive.pib.gov.in. |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> |
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Rawat commanded [[MONUSCO]] (a Multinational Brigade in a Chapter VII mission in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]). Within two weeks of deployment in the DRC, the Brigade faced a major offensive in the east which threatened the regional capital of [[North Kivu]], [[Goma]]. The offensive also threatened to destabilise the country as a whole. The situation demanded a rapid response and North Kivu Brigade was reinforced, where it was responsible for over 7,000 men and women, representing nearly half of the total MONUSCO force. Whilst simultaneously engaged in offensive kinetic operations against the CNDP and other armed groups, Rawat (then [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]]) carried out tactical support to the Congolese Army ([[Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|FARDC]]), He sensitised programmes with the local population and detailed coordination to ensure that all were informed about the situation and worked together in the progress of operations. He was responsible for the protection of the vulnerable population. |
Rawat commanded [[MONUSCO]] (a Multinational Brigade in a Chapter VII mission in the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]). Within two weeks of deployment in the DRC, the Brigade faced a major offensive in the east which threatened the regional capital of [[North Kivu]], [[Goma]]. The offensive also threatened to destabilise the country as a whole. The situation demanded a rapid response and North Kivu Brigade was reinforced, where it was responsible for over 7,000 men and women, representing nearly half of the total MONUSCO force. Whilst simultaneously engaged in offensive kinetic operations against the CNDP and other armed groups, Rawat (then [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]]) carried out tactical support to the Congolese Army ([[Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo|FARDC]]), He sensitised programmes with the local population and detailed coordination to ensure that all were informed about the situation and worked together in the progress of operations. He was responsible for the protection of the vulnerable population. |
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This operational period |
This operational period lasted for four months. Goma never fell, the East stabilized and the main armed group was motivated to the negotiating table and has since been integrated into the FARDC. He was also tasked to present the Revised Charter of Peace Enforcement to the Special Representatives of the Secretary-General and Force Commanders of all the UN missions in a special conference at [[Wilton Park]], London, on 16 May 2009.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-lt-gen-bipin-rawat-changed-the-face-of-un-peacekeeping-in-conflict-hit-congo/story-RLHFqcvPhzvZzeLdiL1u8M.html|title=How Lt Gen Rawat changed the face of UN peacekeeping in conflict-hit Congo|date=18 December 2016|newspaper=hindustantimes.com|access-date=19 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218200919/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/how-lt-gen-bipin-rawat-changed-the-face-of-un-peacekeeping-in-conflict-hit-congo/story-RLHFqcvPhzvZzeLdiL1u8M.html|archive-date=18 December 2016}}</ref> Rawat was twice awarded the Force Commander's Commendation.<ref name="Experience 2016 Express">{{cite news |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat: An experienced hand in high altitude warfare, counter insurgency ops |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/general-bipin-rawat-army-chief-4432529/ |access-date=8 December 2021 |work=The Indian Express |date=17 December 2016 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Rawat Highlights NDTV" /> |
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=== General officer === |
=== General officer === |
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Promoted to the rank of [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]], he was appointed General Officer Commanding [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]], headquartered in [[Dimapur]]. In June 2015, eighteen Indian soldiers were killed in an [[2015 Manipur ambush|ambush]] by militants belonging to the [[United Liberation Front of Western South East Asia]] (UNLFW) in [[Manipur]]. The [[Indian Army]] responded with [[2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar|cross-border strikes]] in which units of the 21st battalion of the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]] struck an NSCN-K base in [[Myanmar]]. [[Para (Special Forces)|21 Para]] was under the operational control of the [[Dimapur]] based [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]], which was then commanded by Rawat.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://scroll.in/article/824529/rawats-appointment-as-army-chief-is-in-line-with-modis-aggressive-foreign-policy|title=Rawat's appointment as Army chief is in line with Modi's aggressive foreign policy|last=Datta|first=Saikat|newspaper=Scroll.in|language=en-US|access-date=19 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219123814/http://scroll.in/article/824529/rawats-appointment-as-army-chief-is-in-line-with-modis-aggressive-foreign-policy|archive-date=19 December 2016}}</ref> For his command of III Corps, he was awarded the [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal]] on 26 January 2016.<ref name="UYSM">{{cite web |title=The Official Home Page of the Indian Army |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=dmnJ7MTotYWS1m0Pus4r/g==&ParentID=QPKy4/HwEbaYs3LeT/iw/g==&flag=qIhMdI6E5m5D+DyHsKR3Pw== |website=www.indianarmy.nic.in |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> |
Promoted to the rank of [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]], he was appointed General Officer Commanding [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]], headquartered in [[Dimapur]]. In June 2015, eighteen Indian soldiers were killed in an [[2015 Manipur ambush|ambush]] by militants belonging to the [[United Liberation Front of Western South East Asia]] (UNLFW) in [[Manipur]]. The [[Indian Army]] responded with [[2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar|cross-border strikes]] in which units of the 21st battalion of the [[Parachute Regiment (India)|Parachute Regiment]] struck an NSCN-K base in [[Myanmar]]. [[Para (Special Forces)|21 Para]] was under the operational control of the [[Dimapur]] based [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]], which was then commanded by Rawat.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://scroll.in/article/824529/rawats-appointment-as-army-chief-is-in-line-with-modis-aggressive-foreign-policy|title=Rawat's appointment as Army chief is in line with Modi's aggressive foreign policy|last=Datta|first=Saikat|newspaper=Scroll.in|language=en-US|access-date=19 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219123814/http://scroll.in/article/824529/rawats-appointment-as-army-chief-is-in-line-with-modis-aggressive-foreign-policy|archive-date=19 December 2016}}</ref> For his command of III Corps, he was awarded the [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal]] on 26 January 2016.<ref name="UYSM">{{cite web |title=The Official Home Page of the Indian Army |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=dmnJ7MTotYWS1m0Pus4r/g==&ParentID=QPKy4/HwEbaYs3LeT/iw/g==&flag=qIhMdI6E5m5D+DyHsKR3Pw== |website=www.indianarmy.nic.in |access-date=2 March 2023}}</ref> |
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=== Army Commander === |
=== Army Commander === |
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After relinquishing command of III Corps, Rawat was appointed General Officer Commanding Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area, headquartered in Mumbai.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat takes over as new Army Commander |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=2 March 2023 |language=en |date=2 January 2016}}</ref> |
After relinquishing command of [[III Corps (India)|III Corps]], Rawat was appointed General Officer Commanding Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area, headquartered in Mumbai.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat takes over as new Army Commander |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/lt-gen-bipin-rawat-takes-over-as-new-army-commander/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=2 March 2023 |language=en |date=2 January 2016}}</ref> |
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After a short stint, he was promoted to the Army Commander grade and assumed the post of [[General officer commanding#Usage in the Indian Army|General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] (GOC-in-C) [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]] on 1 January 2016.<ref name="Experience 2016 Express" /><ref name="Rawat Highlights NDTV">{{cite news |title=General Bipin Rawat: Five Highlights Of An Outstanding Career |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/general-bipin-rawat-dead-in-chopper-crash-five-highlights-of-an-outstanding-career-2642632 |access-date=8 December 2021 |work=NDTV.com |date=8 December 2021}}</ref> After an eight-month tenure, he assumed the post of [[Vice Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Army Staff]] on 1 September 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/lt-general-campose-takes-over-as-army-vice-chief-611232|title=Lt General Bipin singh rawat Takes over as Army Vice Chief|date=5 August 2014|work=[[NDTV]]|access-date=24 May 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624111658/http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/lt-general-campose-takes-over-as-army-vice-chief-611232|archive-date=24 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat to take over as the VCOAS |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=149410 |website=pibarchive.nic.in}}</ref> |
After a short stint, he was promoted to the Army Commander grade and assumed the post of [[General officer commanding#Usage in the Indian Army|General Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] (GOC-in-C) [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]] on 1 January 2016.<ref name="Experience 2016 Express" /><ref name="Rawat Highlights NDTV">{{cite news |title=General Bipin Rawat: Five Highlights Of An Outstanding Career |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/general-bipin-rawat-dead-in-chopper-crash-five-highlights-of-an-outstanding-career-2642632 |access-date=8 December 2021 |work=NDTV.com |date=8 December 2021}}</ref> After an eight-month tenure, he assumed the post of [[Vice Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Vice Chief of the Army Staff]] on 1 September 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/lt-general-campose-takes-over-as-army-vice-chief-611232|title=Lt General Bipin singh rawat Takes over as Army Vice Chief|date=5 August 2014|work=[[NDTV]]|access-date=24 May 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624111658/http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/lt-general-campose-takes-over-as-army-vice-chief-611232|archive-date=24 June 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat to take over as the VCOAS |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=149410 |website=pibarchive.nic.in}}</ref> |
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=== Chief of the Army Staff === |
=== Chief of the Army Staff === |
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[[File:Bipin Rawat Baton.jpg|thumb|right|General [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]] handing over the baton to Rawat at Army HQ]] |
[[File:Bipin Rawat Baton.jpg|thumb|right|General [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]] handing over the baton to Rawat at Army HQ]] |
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On 17 December 2016, the Government of India appointed Rawat as the 27th [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], superseding two more senior [[Lieutenant General]]s, [[Praveen Bakshi]] and [[Pattiarimal Mohamadali Hariz|P. M. Hariz]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://abclive.in/india-army-china-border-experienced-general/|title=India Army Gets China Border Experienced General|publisher=ABC Live|issue=online|agency=ABC Live|last1=Jatinder|first1=Kaur|access-date=18 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220153709/http://abclive.in/india-army-china-border-experienced-general/|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref> The appointment made by [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] ruled Government was politically controversial.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat's appointment by Modi government creates unease: Here's why |
On 17 December 2016, the Government of India appointed Rawat as the 27th [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], superseding two more senior [[Lieutenant General]]s, [[Praveen Bakshi]] ([[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command|Eastern Army Commander]]) and [[Pattiarimal Mohamadali Hariz|P. M. Hariz]] ([[General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command|Southern Army Commander]]).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://abclive.in/india-army-china-border-experienced-general/|title=India Army Gets China Border Experienced General|publisher=ABC Live|issue=online|agency=ABC Live|last1=Jatinder|first1=Kaur|access-date=18 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220153709/http://abclive.in/india-army-china-border-experienced-general/|archive-date=20 December 2016}}</ref> The appointment made by [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] ruled Government was politically controversial.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lt Gen Bipin Rawat's appointment by Modi government creates unease: Here's why |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/lt-gen-bipin-rawats-appointment-by-modi-government-creates-unease-heres-why-3164708.html |access-date=10 December 2021 |work=Firstpost |date=20 December 2016 |language=en}}</ref> Rawat was accused of [[nepotism]] and gratuitously politicising the appointment, by the senior serving and retired military officers.<ref name="Blunt Fault Wire" /> |
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He took office of Chief of the Army Staff as the 27th COAS on 31 December 2016, after retirement of General [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The path of glory: exploits of the 11 Gorkha Rifles|publisher=Allied Publishers|year=1988|author=Gautam Sharma}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=149410|title=Press Information Bureau|access-date=21 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222082340/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=149410|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref> He was the third officer from the [[Gorkha regiments (India)|Gorkha Brigade]] to become the [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], after [[Sam Manekshaw]] and Suhag. |
He took office of Chief of the Army Staff as the 27th COAS on 31 December 2016, after retirement of General [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The path of glory: exploits of the 11 Gorkha Rifles|publisher=Allied Publishers|year=1988|author=Gautam Sharma}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=149410|title=Press Information Bureau|access-date=21 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222082340/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=149410|archive-date=22 December 2016}}</ref> He was the third officer from the [[Gorkha regiments (India)|Gorkha Brigade]] to become the [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], after [[Sam Manekshaw]] and Suhag. |
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Rawat had been criticized by the opposition party leaders for making political statements during the [[Citizenship Amendment Act protests]].<ref name="Tenure Telegraph" /> |
Rawat had been criticized by the opposition party leaders for making political statements during the [[Citizenship Amendment Act protests]].<ref name="Tenure Telegraph" /> |
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On his visit to the United States in 2019, General Rawat was inducted to the [[United States Army Command and General Staff College]] International Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite news|title=General Rawat inducted into his alma mater's International Hall of Fame in US|newspaper=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/general-rawat-inducted-into-his-alma-mater-s-international-hall-of-fame-in-us-119040500337_1.html|publisher=Business Standard|date=5 April 2019|access-date=9 July 2020}}</ref> He was also an honorary General of [[Nepalese Army]] in accordance with the tradition between the Indian and Nepali armies to confer the honorary rank of General upon each other's chiefs to signify their close and special military ties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/general-bipin-rawat-nepal-army-bidhya-devi-bhandari-968426-2017-03-29|title=General Bipin Rawat made honorary General of Nepal Army|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref> |
On his visit to the United States in 2019, General Rawat was inducted to the [[United States Army Command and General Staff College]] International Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite news|title=General Rawat inducted into his alma mater's International Hall of Fame in US|newspaper=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/general-rawat-inducted-into-his-alma-mater-s-international-hall-of-fame-in-us-119040500337_1.html|publisher=Business Standard|date=5 April 2019|access-date=9 July 2020}}</ref> He was also an honorary General of [[Nepalese Army]] in accordance with the tradition between the Indian and Nepali armies to confer the honorary rank of General upon each other's chiefs to signify their close and special military ties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/general-bipin-rawat-nepal-army-bidhya-devi-bhandari-968426-2017-03-29|title=General Bipin Rawat made honorary General of Nepal Army|website=India Today|date=29 March 2017 |language=en|access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref> |
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Rawat served as the 57th [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]].<ref name="Chairman COSC" /> |
Rawat served as the 57th [[Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee]].<ref name="Chairman COSC" /> |
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==== Doklam standoff with Chinese army ==== |
==== Doklam standoff with Chinese army ==== |
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In 2017, at [[Doklam]] a [[2017 China–India border standoff|73-day military border standoff]] happened between the Indian Armed Forces and the [[People's Liberation Army]] of China over Chinese construction of a road in Doklam near a trijunction border area between Bhutan, China and India.<ref name="nytimes Doklam">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/26/world/asia/dolam-plateau-china-india-bhutan.html |title=How India and China Have Come to the Brink Over a Remote Mountain Pass |last1=Barry |first1=Steven Lee Myers, Ellen |date=26 July 2017 |work=The New York Times |last2=Fisher |first2=Max |issn=0362-4331 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827150313/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/26/world/asia/dolam-plateau-china-india-bhutan.html |archive-date=27 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="reuters Doklam">{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-india-idUSKBN19O109 |title=China says India violates 1890 agreement in border stand-off |date=3 July 2017 |work=Reuters |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815072409/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-india-idUSKBN19O109 |archive-date=15 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> After the standoff ended Rawat said China had begun 'flexing its muscles' and was trying to 'nibble away' territory held by India in a gradual manner to test the limits of thresholds. He stated, India had to be "wary about" China, "and remain prepared for situations that could develop into conflicts".<ref name="Blunt Fault Wire" /> |
In 2017, at [[Doklam]] a [[2017 China–India border standoff|73-day military border standoff]] happened between the Indian Armed Forces and the [[People's Liberation Army]] of China over Chinese construction of a road in Doklam near a trijunction border area between [[Bhutan]], [[China]] and [[India]].<ref name="nytimes Doklam">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/26/world/asia/dolam-plateau-china-india-bhutan.html |title=How India and China Have Come to the Brink Over a Remote Mountain Pass |last1=Barry |first1=Steven Lee Myers, Ellen |date=26 July 2017 |work=The New York Times |last2=Fisher |first2=Max |issn=0362-4331 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827150313/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/26/world/asia/dolam-plateau-china-india-bhutan.html |archive-date=27 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="reuters Doklam">{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-india-idUSKBN19O109 |title=China says India violates 1890 agreement in border stand-off |date=3 July 2017 |work=Reuters |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815072409/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-india-idUSKBN19O109 |archive-date=15 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> After the standoff ended Rawat said China had begun 'flexing its muscles' and was trying to 'nibble away' territory held by India in a gradual manner to test the limits of thresholds. He stated, India had to be "wary about" China, "and remain prepared for situations that could develop into conflicts".<ref name="Blunt Fault Wire" /> |
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==== On Pakistan ==== |
==== On Pakistan ==== |
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Rawat said that India did not "see any scope for reconciliation with Pakistan as its military, polity and people have decided that India wants to break their country into pieces". Rawat suspected Pakistan could "swing into action to take advantage of |
Rawat said that India did not "see any scope for reconciliation with Pakistan as its military, polity and people have decided that India wants to break their country into pieces". Rawat suspected Pakistan could "swing into action to take advantage of India's preoccupation with China". Rawat thus highlighted a two-front war situation without offering a solution or remedy.<ref name="Blunt Fault Wire" /> |
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==== Two front War ==== |
==== Two front War ==== |
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* Bilateral meetings with President, Prime Minister and Chiefs of Sri Lankan Armed Forces |
* Bilateral meetings with President, Prime Minister and Chiefs of Sri Lankan Armed Forces |
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* Visited the [[Sri Lanka Military Academy]], Diyatalawa and military establishments at [[Kandy]] and [[Trincomalee]] |
* Visited the [[Sri Lanka Military Academy]], Diyatalawa and military establishments at [[Kandy]] and [[Trincomalee]] |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2018/05/11/chief-of-staff-of-the-indian-army-general-rawat-to-visit-sri-lanka/|title=Chief of Staff of the Indian Army General Rawat to visit Sri Lanka {{!}} The Sunday Leader|website=thesundayleader.lk|language=en-US|access-date=11 May 2018}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=179251|title=Visit of Coas to Sri Lanka|website=pib.nic.in|access-date=13 May 2018}}</ref> |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2018/05/11/chief-of-staff-of-the-indian-army-general-rawat-to-visit-sri-lanka/|title=Chief of Staff of the Indian Army General Rawat to visit Sri Lanka {{!}} The Sunday Leader|website=thesundayleader.lk|language=en-US|access-date=11 May 2018|archive-date=11 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511174045/http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2018/05/11/chief-of-staff-of-the-indian-army-general-rawat-to-visit-sri-lanka/|url-status=dead}}</ref><br /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=179251|title=Visit of Coas to Sri Lanka|website=pib.nic.in|access-date=13 May 2018}}</ref> |
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=== Chief of Defence Staff === |
=== Chief of Defence Staff === |
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[[File:CDS General Bipin Rawat with COAS General Manoj Mukund Naravane, CNS Admiral Karambir Singh and CAS Air Chief Marshal R.K.S. Bhadauria after the ceremonial Guard of Honour, in New Delhi on January 01, 2020.jpg|CDS General Bipin Rawat with COAS General [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]], [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|CNS]] [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] [[Karambir Singh]] and [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|CAS]] [[Air chief marshal (India)|Air Chief Marshal]] [[R. K. S. Bhadauria]] after the ceremonial Guard of Honour, in New Delhi on 1 January 2020 |thumb|250px]] |
[[File:CDS General Bipin Rawat with COAS General Manoj Mukund Naravane, CNS Admiral Karambir Singh and CAS Air Chief Marshal R.K.S. Bhadauria after the ceremonial Guard of Honour, in New Delhi on January 01, 2020.jpg|CDS General Bipin Rawat with [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|COAS]] General [[Manoj Mukund Naravane]], [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|CNS]] [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] [[Karambir Singh]] and [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|CAS]] [[Air chief marshal (India)|Air Chief Marshal]] [[R. K. S. Bhadauria]] after the ceremonial Guard of Honour, in New Delhi on 1 January 2020 |thumb|250px]] |
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He served as the first [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]] (CDS) of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] from January 2020 until his death in December 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=196194|title=General Bipin Rawat Appointed as Chief of Defence Staff|date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/india/story/general-bipin-rawat-first-chief-of-defence-staff-1632572-2019-12-30|title=Army chief General Bipin Rawat named India's first Chief of Defence Staff|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https:// |
He served as the first [[Chief of Defence Staff (India)|Chief of Defence Staff]] (CDS) of the [[Indian Armed Forces]] from January 2020 until his death in December 2021.<ref name=":3">{{cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=196194|title=General Bipin Rawat Appointed as Chief of Defence Staff|date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/india/story/general-bipin-rawat-first-chief-of-defence-staff-1632572-2019-12-30|title=Army chief General Bipin Rawat named India's first Chief of Defence Staff|website=India Today|date=30 December 2019 |language=en|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/a-brief-look-at-general-bipin-rawat-indias-first-cds/articleshow/73029309.cms|title=Who is Bipin Rawat: A brief look at General Bipin Rawat, India's first CDS|website=m-economictimes-com.cdn.ampproject.org|access-date=30 December 2019}}</ref> |
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India as of 2021 had service–specific commands system.<ref name="Understanding integrated command">{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Sushant|date=10 May 2017|title=Joint operations vs integrated command: Understanding a new way to fight wars|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/joint-operations-vs-integrated-command-understanding-a-new-way-to-fight-wars-4648574/|access-date=24 October 2020|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> [[Joint warfare|joint]] and integrated commands, also known as [[Unity of command|unified commands]]; and further divided into [[Theater (warfare)|theatre]] or functional commands, have been set up and more are proposed.<ref name="unified air defence">{{Cite web|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=27 August 2020|title=India likely to set up unified air defence command in October|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-likely-to-set-up-unified-air-defence-command-in-october/articleshow/77785824.cms|access-date=23 October 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> In February 2020, Rawat said two to five [[Integrated Theatre Commands of the Indian Armed Forces|theatre commands]] may be set up.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=17 February 2020|title=CDS Gen Bipin Rawat announces plan to create Peninsula Command|url=http://www.newsonair.com/Main-News-Details.aspx?id=381457|access-date=26 October 2020|website=www.newsonair.com|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029174947/http://www.newsonair.com/Main-News-Details.aspx?id=381457|url-status=dead}}</ref> The completion of the creation of theatre commands, both integrated and joint commands, will take a number of years.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dutta|first=Amrita Nayak|date=4 February 2020|title=India's joint military theatre command process to finish in 3 years, says CDS Bipin Rawat|url=https://theprint.in/defence/indias-joint-military-theatre-command-process-to-finish-in-3-years-says-cds-bipin-rawat/359711/|access-date=6 October 2020|website=ThePrint|language=en-US}}</ref> Indian Air Force opposed the formation of unified theatre commands citing limitation of resources.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ahmed Siddiqui |first=Imran |date=24 August 2021 |title=Indian Air Force opposes unified theatre commands again |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/indian-air-force-opposes-unified-theatre-commands-again/cid/1827696 |work=The Telegraph |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828160257/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/indian-air-force-opposes-unified-theatre-commands-again/cid/1827696 |archive-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> |
India as of 2021 had service–specific commands system.<ref name="Understanding integrated command">{{Cite web|last=Singh|first=Sushant|date=10 May 2017|title=Joint operations vs integrated command: Understanding a new way to fight wars|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/joint-operations-vs-integrated-command-understanding-a-new-way-to-fight-wars-4648574/|access-date=24 October 2020|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> [[Joint warfare|joint]] and integrated commands, also known as [[Unity of command|unified commands]]; and further divided into [[Theater (warfare)|theatre]] or functional commands, have been set up and more are proposed.<ref name="unified air defence">{{Cite web|last=Pandit|first=Rajat|date=27 August 2020|title=India likely to set up unified air defence command in October|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/india-likely-to-set-up-unified-air-defence-command-in-october/articleshow/77785824.cms|access-date=23 October 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> In February 2020, Rawat said two to five [[Integrated Theatre Commands of the Indian Armed Forces|theatre commands]] may be set up.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=17 February 2020|title=CDS Gen Bipin Rawat announces plan to create Peninsula Command|url=http://www.newsonair.com/Main-News-Details.aspx?id=381457|access-date=26 October 2020|website=www.newsonair.com|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029174947/http://www.newsonair.com/Main-News-Details.aspx?id=381457|url-status=dead}}</ref> The completion of the creation of theatre commands, both integrated and joint commands, will take a number of years.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dutta|first=Amrita Nayak|date=4 February 2020|title=India's joint military theatre command process to finish in 3 years, says CDS Bipin Rawat|url=https://theprint.in/defence/indias-joint-military-theatre-command-process-to-finish-in-3-years-says-cds-bipin-rawat/359711/|access-date=6 October 2020|website=ThePrint|language=en-US}}</ref> [[Indian Air Force]] opposed the formation of unified theatre commands citing limitation of resources.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ahmed Siddiqui |first=Imran |date=24 August 2021 |title=Indian Air Force opposes unified theatre commands again |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/indian-air-force-opposes-unified-theatre-commands-again/cid/1827696 |work=The Telegraph |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828160257/https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/indian-air-force-opposes-unified-theatre-commands-again/cid/1827696 |archive-date=28 August 2021}}</ref> |
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==== Comments on supremacy of Army ==== |
==== Comments on supremacy of Army ==== |
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[[File:The Chief of Army Staff, General Bipin Rawat and Mrs. Madhulika Rawat with the Cadets from North-East Region, at the NCC Reception, in New Delhi on January 16, 2018.jpg|thumb|320x150px|Madhulika Rawat and then [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|COAS]] Bipin Rawat at the NCC Reception, in New Delhi on 16 January 2018.]] |
[[File:The Chief of Army Staff, General Bipin Rawat and Mrs. Madhulika Rawat with the Cadets from North-East Region, at the NCC Reception, in New Delhi on January 16, 2018.jpg|thumb|320x150px|Madhulika Rawat and then [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|COAS]] Bipin Rawat at the NCC Reception, in New Delhi on 16 January 2018.]] |
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In 1985, Rawat married Madhulika Rawat (née Raje Singh). A descendant of an erstwhile princely family, she was the daughter of ''Kunwar'' Mrigendra Singh, sometime ''Riyasatdar'' of the ''[[pargana]]'' of [[Sohagpur]] Riyasat in [[Shahdol district]] and an [[Indian National Congress]] MLA from the district in 1967 and 1972.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date=8 December 2021 |title=Chopper crash: Madhya Pradesh loses daughter Madhulika and son-in-law General Bipin Rawat |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/dec/08/chopper-crash-madhya-pradesh-loses-daughter-madhulika-and-son-in-law-general-bipin-rawat-2393268.html |work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> She was educated at Scindia Kanya Vidyalaya in Gwalior and graduated in psychology at [[University of Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=ABP News|date=8 December 2021|title=Madhulika Rawat, Wife Of Bipin Rawat, Belonged To A Royal Family In Madhya Pradesh|url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/madhulika-rawat-wife-of-bipin-rawat-belonged-a-royal-family-in-madhya-pradesh-did-you-know-1498535|access-date=8 December 2021|website=news.abplive.com|language=en}}</ref> The couple had two daughters, Kritika and Tarini.<ref>{{cite news |last=Singh |first=Rahul |date=8 December 2021 |title=General Rawat, his wife and 11 others killed in IAF chopper crash |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/general-rawat-his-wife-and-11-others-killed-in-iaf-chopper-crash-101638969201110.html |work=The Hindustan Times |location= |access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> |
In 1985, Rawat married Madhulika Rawat (née Raje Singh). A descendant of an erstwhile princely family, she was the daughter of ''Kunwar'' Mrigendra Singh, sometime ''Riyasatdar'' of the ''[[pargana]]'' of [[Sohagpur (Shahdol)]] Riyasat in [[Shahdol district]] and an [[Indian National Congress]] MLA from the district in 1967 and 1972.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date=8 December 2021 |title=Chopper crash: Madhya Pradesh loses daughter Madhulika and son-in-law General Bipin Rawat |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/dec/08/chopper-crash-madhya-pradesh-loses-daughter-madhulika-and-son-in-law-general-bipin-rawat-2393268.html |work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> She was educated at Scindia Kanya Vidyalaya in Gwalior and graduated in psychology at [[University of Delhi]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bureau|first=ABP News|date=8 December 2021|title=Madhulika Rawat, Wife Of Bipin Rawat, Belonged To A Royal Family In Madhya Pradesh|url=https://news.abplive.com/news/india/madhulika-rawat-wife-of-bipin-rawat-belonged-a-royal-family-in-madhya-pradesh-did-you-know-1498535|access-date=8 December 2021|website=news.abplive.com|language=en}}</ref> The couple had two daughters, Kritika and Tarini.<ref>{{cite news |last=Singh |first=Rahul |date=8 December 2021 |title=General Rawat, his wife and 11 others killed in IAF chopper crash |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/general-rawat-his-wife-and-11-others-killed-in-iaf-chopper-crash-101638969201110.html |work=The Hindustan Times |location= |access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> |
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Madhulika Rawat was the president of the [[Army Wives Welfare Association]] (AWWA) during Bipin Rawat's tenure as Chief of the Army Staff. She became the president of the [[Defence Wives Welfare Association]] (DWWA), upon the creation of the post and the appointment of General Bipin Rawat as the first CDS. She worked to make the wives of defence personnel financially independent.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Know about CDS General Bipin Rawat's family – Wife Madhulika Rawat, children|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-know-about-cds-general-bipin-rawat-s-family-wife-madhulika-rawat-children-2923067|access-date=8 December 2021|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref> She was also involved with NGOs and welfare associations such as Veer Naris that assists widows of military personnel, differently-abled children and cancer patients.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|title=Madhulika Rawat: Here's everything about a woman who wore many hats|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/madhulika-rawat-cds-bipin-rawats-wife-was-a-woman-who-wore-many-hats-10196331.html|access-date=8 December 2021|website=Firstpost|language=en}}</ref> |
Madhulika Rawat was the president of the [[Army Wives Welfare Association]] (AWWA) during Bipin Rawat's tenure as Chief of the Army Staff. She became the president of the [[Defence Wives Welfare Association]] (DWWA), upon the creation of the post and the appointment of General Bipin Rawat as the first CDS. She worked to make the wives of defence personnel financially independent.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Know about CDS General Bipin Rawat's family – Wife Madhulika Rawat, children|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-know-about-cds-general-bipin-rawat-s-family-wife-madhulika-rawat-children-2923067|access-date=8 December 2021|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref> She was also involved with NGOs and welfare associations such as Veer Naris that assists widows of military personnel, differently-abled children and cancer patients.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|title=Madhulika Rawat: Here's everything about a woman who wore many hats|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/madhulika-rawat-cds-bipin-rawats-wife-was-a-woman-who-wore-many-hats-10196331.html|access-date=8 December 2021|website=Firstpost|language=en}}</ref> |
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== Death and legacy== |
== Death and legacy== |
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{{Main|2021 Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash}} |
{{Main|2021 Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 crash}} |
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On 8 December 2021, Rawat, his wife and members of his staff were amongst 10 passengers and 4 crew members aboard an [[Indian Air Force]] [[Mil Mi-17]] helicopter flight en route from the [[Sulur Air Force Base]] to the [[Defence Services Staff College]] (DSSC), Wellington, where Rawat was to deliver a lecture.<ref>{{Cite news|author=The Hindu Net Desk|date=8 December 2021|title=Indian Air Force helicopter crash live {{!}} Gen. Bipin Rawat, wife and 11 others dead|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/live-updates-air-force-helicopter-with-cds-bipin-rawat-others-on-board-crashes-in-coonoor-tamil-nadu/article37894521.ece|access-date=8 December 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> At around 12:10 p.m. local time, the aircraft crashed near a residential colony of private tea estate employees on the outskirts of the hamlet of Nanjappachatiram, [[Bandishola]] panchayat, in the Katteri-Nanchappanchathram area of [[Coonoor]] taluk, [[Nilgiris district]].<ref name="TNIE_chopper_crash">{{cite news |last1=M. |first1=Saravanan|last2=Sundar|first2=P. S. |date=8 December 2021 |title=First Chief of Defence Bipin Rawat, 12 others killed in chopper crash in Tamil Nadu's Coonoor |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/dec/08/first-chief-of-defence-bipin-rawat-12-others-killed-in-chopper-crash-in-tamil-nadus-coonoor-2393293.html |work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="TNIE_Coonoor">{{cite news |last=M. |first=Saravanan|date=8 December 2021 |title=Coonoor helicopter mishap: 'One of the injured men asked for water', recount eyewitnesses |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/dec/08/coonoor-helicopter-mishap-one-of-the-injured-men-asked-for-water-recount-eyewitnesses-2393307.html|work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="Sulur_tragedy">{{cite news |last=Saravanan |first=M.|date=9 December 2021 |title=Sulur chopper tragedy: 'Never seen anything this tragic', say Coonoor fire and rescue personnel |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/dec/08/sulur-chopper-tragedy-never-seen-anything-this-tragic-say-coonoor-fire-and-rescue-personnel-2393297.html|work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref> The crash site was {{convert|10|km|mi nmi}} from the flight's intended destination.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Madhav|first=Pramod |date=8 December 2021|title=CDS General Bipin Rawat's chopper crashes in Tamil Nadu|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/army-chopper-crash-tamil-nadu-coonoor-1885464-2021-12-08|access-date=9 December 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Rawat's death – and those of his wife and 11 others – was later confirmed by the [[Indian Air Force]]. Rawat's liaison officer, Group Captain Varun Singh initially survived the incident, but later succumbed to injuries on 15 December.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|title=Gen Bipin Rawat chopper crash: IAF chopper with CDS Bipin Rawat, 13 others crashes in Tamil Nadu; Rajnath Singh to brief Parliament tomorrow|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chennai/cds-bipin-rawat-army-chopper-crash-live-updates-7662227/|access-date=8 December 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> Rawat was 63 at the time of his death.<ref>{{Cite news|date=8 December 2021|title=Bipin Rawat: India's top general dies in helicopter crash|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-59576082|access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> |
On 8 December 2021, Rawat, his wife and members of his staff were amongst 10 passengers and 4 crew members aboard an [[Indian Air Force]] [[Mil Mi-17]] helicopter flight en route from the [[Sulur Air Force Base]] to the [[Defence Services Staff College]] (DSSC), Wellington, where Rawat was to deliver a lecture.<ref>{{Cite news|author=The Hindu Net Desk|date=8 December 2021|title=Indian Air Force helicopter crash live {{!}} Gen. Bipin Rawat, wife and 11 others dead|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/live-updates-air-force-helicopter-with-cds-bipin-rawat-others-on-board-crashes-in-coonoor-tamil-nadu/article37894521.ece|access-date=8 December 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> At around 12:10 p.m. local time, the aircraft crashed near a residential colony of private tea estate employees on the outskirts of the hamlet of Nanjappachatiram, [[Bandishola]] panchayat, in the Katteri-Nanchappanchathram area of [[Coonoor]] taluk, [[Nilgiris district]].<ref name="TNIE_chopper_crash">{{cite news |last1=M. |first1=Saravanan|last2=Sundar|first2=P. S. |date=8 December 2021 |title=First Chief of Defence Bipin Rawat, 12 others killed in chopper crash in Tamil Nadu's Coonoor |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2021/dec/08/first-chief-of-defence-bipin-rawat-12-others-killed-in-chopper-crash-in-tamil-nadus-coonoor-2393293.html |work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="TNIE_Coonoor">{{cite news |last=M. |first=Saravanan|date=8 December 2021 |title=Coonoor helicopter mishap: 'One of the injured men asked for water', recount eyewitnesses |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/dec/08/coonoor-helicopter-mishap-one-of-the-injured-men-asked-for-water-recount-eyewitnesses-2393307.html|work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref><ref name="Sulur_tragedy">{{cite news |last=Saravanan |first=M.|date=9 December 2021 |title=Sulur chopper tragedy: 'Never seen anything this tragic', say Coonoor fire and rescue personnel |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2021/dec/08/sulur-chopper-tragedy-never-seen-anything-this-tragic-say-coonoor-fire-and-rescue-personnel-2393297.html|work=The New Indian Express |location= |access-date=9 December 2021}}</ref> The crash site was {{convert|10|km|mi nmi}} from the flight's intended destination.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Madhav|first=Pramod |date=8 December 2021|title=CDS General Bipin Rawat's chopper crashes in Tamil Nadu|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/army-chopper-crash-tamil-nadu-coonoor-1885464-2021-12-08|access-date=9 December 2021|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref> Rawat's death – and those of his wife and 11 others – was later confirmed by the [[Indian Air Force]]. Rawat's liaison officer, [[Group Captain Varun Singh (Indian Air Force Officer)|Group Captain Varun Singh]] initially survived the incident, but later succumbed to injuries on 15 December.<ref>{{Cite web|date=8 December 2021|title=Gen Bipin Rawat chopper crash: IAF chopper with CDS Bipin Rawat, 13 others crashes in Tamil Nadu; Rajnath Singh to brief Parliament tomorrow|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chennai/cds-bipin-rawat-army-chopper-crash-live-updates-7662227/|access-date=8 December 2021|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> Rawat was 63 at the time of his death.<ref>{{Cite news|date=8 December 2021|title=Bipin Rawat: India's top general dies in helicopter crash|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-59576082|access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref> |
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Rawat and his wife were cremated according to Hindu rituals with full military honours and [[21-gun salute#India|17 gun salute]] at [[Delhi Cantonment#Brar Square crematorium|Brar Square Crematorium]] in [[Delhi Cantonment]] on 10 December 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Quint|first=The|date=10 December 2021|title=Watch: CDS Gen Bipin Rawat, Wife Cremated by Daughters After Military Honours|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/tamil-nadu-army-chopper-crashes-bipin-rawat-funeral-detail-live-updates-2|access-date=10 December 2021|website=TheQuint|language=en}}</ref> Their cremation was carried out by their daughters, who took their ashes to [[Haridwar]] and immersed them in the [[Ganges]] at the [[Har Ki Pauri]] [[ghat]] on 12 December.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rawat |first=Sandeep |date=12 December 2021 |title=General Rawat's daughters immerse parents' ashes in Haridwar's Ganga |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/general-rawat-s-daughters-immerse-parents-ashes-in-haridwar-s-ganga-101639248765736.html |work=The Hindustan Times |location= |access-date=11 December 2021}}</ref> |
Rawat and his wife were cremated according to Hindu rituals with full military honours and [[21-gun salute#India|17 gun salute]] at [[Delhi Cantonment#Brar Square crematorium|Brar Square Crematorium]] in [[Delhi Cantonment]] on 10 December 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Quint|first=The|date=10 December 2021|title=Watch: CDS Gen Bipin Rawat, Wife Cremated by Daughters After Military Honours|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/tamil-nadu-army-chopper-crashes-bipin-rawat-funeral-detail-live-updates-2|access-date=10 December 2021|website=TheQuint|language=en}}</ref> Their cremation was carried out by their daughters, who took their ashes to [[Haridwar]] and immersed them in the [[Ganges]] at the [[Har Ki Pauri]] [[ghat]] on 12 December.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rawat |first=Sandeep |date=12 December 2021 |title=General Rawat's daughters immerse parents' ashes in Haridwar's Ganga |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/general-rawat-s-daughters-immerse-parents-ashes-in-haridwar-s-ganga-101639248765736.html |work=The Hindustan Times |location= |access-date=11 December 2021}}</ref> |
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[[File:General Bipin Rolling Trophy.jpg|right|thumb|The General Bipin Rawat trophy presented to the Woman Naval Agniveer Trainee standing First in Overall Order of Merit.]] |
[[File:General Bipin Rolling Trophy.jpg|right|thumb|The General Bipin Rawat trophy presented to the Woman Naval Agniveer Trainee standing First in Overall Order of Merit.]] |
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On Rawat's first death anniversary, his bust was unveiled at the [[United Service Institution of India]] (USI) by the [[ |
On Rawat's first death anniversary, his bust was unveiled at the [[United Service Institution of India]] (USI) by the [[Minister of Defence (India)#List of Ministers of State|Minister of State for Defence]] [[Ajay Bhatt (politician)|Ajay Bhatt]]. A chair of excellence and a memorial lecture was instituted at the institute by the [[Indian Armed Forces]] and the USI.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Ajay Bhatt unveils a bust of India's first CDS late Gen Bipin Rawat in New Delhi to commemorate his first death anniversary |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1882344 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=13 February 2023}}</ref> The General Bipin Rawat Block at the [[Military Engineer Services (India)|Military Engineer Services]] Inspection Bungalow (MES IB) in [[Colaba]], Mumbai is named for Rawat.<ref>{{cite web |title=@IaSouthern |url=https://twitter.com/IaSouthern/status/1624403811476590592 |website=Twitter |access-date=13 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref> |
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The ''General Rawat India-Australia Young Defence |
The ''General Rawat India-Australia Young Defence Officers' Exchange Programme'' established in March 2022 is named for Rawat. The programme is aimed at enhancing professional military contacts between the two armed forces and facilitate the exchange of ideas and operational experiences.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bureau |first1=The Hindu |title=15 Australian military officers in India on inaugural General Rawat exchange programme |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/15-australian-military-officers-in-india-on-inaugural-general-rawat-exchange-programme/article66571696.ece |website=The Hindu |access-date=2 March 2023 |language=en-IN |date=2 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=General Rawat India-Australia Young Defence Officers' Exchange Programme announced |url=https://theprint.in/world/general-rawat-india-australia-young-defence-officers-exchange-programme-announced/882754/ |website=ThePrint |access-date=2 March 2023 |date=21 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=India, Australia name officers' exchange programme after CDS Gen Rawat |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-australia-name-officers-exchange-programme-after-cds-gen-rawat-101649341667321.html |website=Hindustan Times |access-date=2 March 2023 |language=en |date=7 April 2022}}</ref> |
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On Rawat's 65th birth anniversary, the [[Indian Navy]] instituted the ''General Bipin Rawat rolling trophy'' for the Woman Agniveer Trainee standing First in Overall Order of Merit. The trophy was instituted to honour his contribution to transformational [[Agnipath Scheme]] and is presented at the sailors training centre [[INS Chilka]]. The Navy also instituted the ''General Bipin Rawat Rolling trophy'' for the Most Spirited Officer undergoing the Naval Higher Command Course (NHCC) at the [[Naval War College, Goa]].<ref>{{cite web |title=COMMEMORATION OF BIRTH ANNIVERSARY: LATE GENERAL BIPIN RAWAT |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1907260 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref> |
On Rawat's 65th birth anniversary, the [[Indian Navy]] instituted the ''General Bipin Rawat rolling trophy'' for the Woman Agniveer Trainee standing First in Overall Order of Merit. The trophy was instituted to honour his contribution to transformational [[Agnipath Scheme]] and is presented at the sailors training centre [[INS Chilka]]. The Navy also instituted the ''General Bipin Rawat Rolling trophy'' for the Most Spirited Officer undergoing the Naval Higher Command Course (NHCC) at the [[Naval War College, Goa]].<ref>{{cite web |title=COMMEMORATION OF BIRTH ANNIVERSARY: LATE GENERAL BIPIN RAWAT |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1907260 |website=pib.gov.in |access-date=16 March 2023}}</ref> |
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In December 2013, the Jhelum Stadium in Janbazpora, Baramulla was renamed ''General Bipin Rawat stadium''. Rawat had served as the GOC 19 Infantry Division, headquartered at Baramulla.<ref>{{cite web| title=Jhelum Stadium renamed after India's first CDS General Rawat |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/jhelum-stadium-renamed-after-india-s-first-cds-general-rawat-101702229256766-amp.html |website=hindustantimes.com |date=10 December 2023 |access-date=11 December 2023}}</ref> |
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== Honours and decorations == |
== Honours and decorations == |
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During his career of nearly 43 years, he was awarded |
During his career of nearly 43 years, he was awarded multiple times for gallantry and distinguished service. He was awarded the [[Vishisht Seva Medal]] in 2001, the [[Sena Medal]] in 2005, the [[Yudh Seva Medal]] in 2009, the [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal]] in 2013, the [[Uttam Yudh Seva Medal]] in 2016 and the [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal]] in 2019. He was also awarded the [[Awards and decorations of the Indian Armed Forces#Commendation Car|COAS Commendation]] on two occasions and the Army Commander's Commendation. While serving with the United Nations, he was awarded the Force Commander's commendation twice.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/eight-things-you-need-to-know-about-new-army-chief-bipin-rawat/story-BDd2pWxRd44X44Z1lIog8N.html|title=Eight things you need to know about new army chief Bipin Rawat|date=17 December 2016|newspaper=Hindustantimes|access-date=18 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161217193532/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/eight-things-you-need-to-know-about-new-army-chief-bipin-rawat/story-BDd2pWxRd44X44Z1lIog8N.html|archive-date=17 December 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=135773|title=Press Information Bureau|access-date=8 October 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171008155412/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=135773|archive-date=8 October 2017}}</ref> He was posthumously honored with the [[Padma Vibhushan]] in 2022.<ref name="Padma_22">{{cite web|url=https://www.padmaawards.gov.in/padmaawardees2022.pdf|title=Padma Awardees List 2022|website=Ministry of Home Affairs|date=25 January 2022|access-date=25 January 2022}}</ref> |
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{| style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;" |
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! Insignia !! Rank !! Component !! Date of rank |
! Insignia !! Rank !! Component !! Date of rank |
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|align="center" |[[File:Second Lieutenant of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Second lieutenant|Second Lieutenant]] || [[Indian Army]] || 16 December 1978<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=212 |date=21 February 1981 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Second Lieutenant of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Second lieutenant|Second Lieutenant]] || [[Indian Army]] || 16 December 1978<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=212 |date=21 February 1981 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/1981/O-0959-1981-0008-42603.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1981/O-0959-1981-0008-42603.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant]] || Indian Army || 16 December 1980<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=995 |date=1 August 1981 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant]] || Indian Army || 16 December 1980<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=995 |date=1 August 1981 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/1981/O-0961-1981-0031-42646.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1981/O-0961-1981-0031-42646.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Captain of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] || Indian Army || 31 July 1984<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=375 |date=23 March 1985 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Captain of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Captain (armed forces)|Captain]] || Indian Army || 31 July 1984<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=375 |date=23 March 1985 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/1985/O-0780-1985-0012-34591.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1985/O-0780-1985-0012-34591.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Major of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major]] || Indian Army || 16 December 1989<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=1746 |date=3 November 1990 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Major of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major (rank)|Major]] || Indian Army || 16 December 1989<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=1746 |date=3 November 1990 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/1990/O-2466-1990-0044-112602.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1990/O-2466-1990-0044-112602.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant Colonel of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel]] || Indian Army || 1 June 1998<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=811 |date=18 May 2002 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant Colonel of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel]] || Indian Army || 1 June 1998<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=811 |date=18 May 2002 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2002/O-2520-2002-0020-114254.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2002/O-2520-2002-0020-114254.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Colonel of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Colonel (India)|Colonel]] || Indian Army || 1 August 2003<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=974 |date=25 June 2005 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Colonel of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Colonel (India)|Colonel]] || Indian Army || 1 August 2003<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=974 |date=25 June 2005 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2005/W_26_2011_116.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2005/W_26_2011_116.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Brigadier of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]] || Indian Army || 1 October 2007 (seniority from 17 May 2007)<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=254 |date=21 February 2009 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Brigadier of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Brigadier (India)|Brigadier]] || Indian Army || 1 October 2007 (seniority from 17 May 2007)<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=254 |date=21 February 2009 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2009/W_8_2010_009.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808193914/http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2009/W_8_2010_009.pdf|archive-date=8 August 2017}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Major General of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major general (India)|Major General]] || Indian Army || 20 October 2011 (substantive, seniority from 11 May 2010)<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=95 |date=19 January 2013 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Major General of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Major general (India)|Major General]] || Indian Army || 20 October 2011 (substantive, seniority from 11 May 2010)<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=95 |date=19 January 2013 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2013/W_3_2013_205.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant General of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]] || Indian Army || 1 June 2014 (substantive)<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=2366 |date=20 December 2014 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:Lieutenant General of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]] || Indian Army || 1 June 2014 (substantive)<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=2366 |date=20 December 2014 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2014/162120.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:General of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[General (India)|General]]<br />(COAS) || Indian Army || 1 January 2017<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=223 |date=25 March 2017 |url=https://egazette. |
|align="center" |[[File:General of the Indian Army.svg|35px]] || [[General (India)|General]]<br />(COAS) || Indian Army || 1 January 2017<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |page=223 |date=25 March 2017 |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2017/174966.pdf |publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> |
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|align="center" |[[File:Rank insignia for India CDS.svg|35px]]|| [[General (India)|General]]<br />(CDS) || [[Indian Armed Forces]]<br />(tri-service)|| 31 December 2019<ref>{{cite web|title=General Bipin Rawat Appointed as Chief of Defence Staff|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1598029|website=Press Information Bureau of India – Archive|date=30 December 2019|access-date=2 January 2021}}</ref> |
|align="center" |[[File:Rank insignia for India CDS.svg|35px]]|| [[General (India)|General]]<br />(CDS) || [[Indian Armed Forces]]<br />(tri-service)|| 31 December 2019<ref>{{cite web|title=General Bipin Rawat Appointed as Chief of Defence Staff|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1598029|website=Press Information Bureau of India – Archive|date=30 December 2019|access-date=2 January 2021}}</ref> |
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[[Category:Chiefs of Defence Staff (India)]] |
[[Category:Chiefs of Defence Staff (India)]] |
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[[Category:Chiefs of Army Staff (India)]] |
[[Category:Chiefs of Army Staff (India)]] |
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[[Category:Vice |
[[Category:Vice chiefs of Army Staff (India)]] |
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[[Category:National Defence College, India alumni]] |
[[Category:National Defence College, India alumni]] |
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[[Category:Non-U.S. alumni of the Command and General Staff College]] |
[[Category:Non-U.S. alumni of the Command and General Staff College]] |
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[[Category:Chaudhary Charan Singh University alumni]] |
[[Category:Chaudhary Charan Singh University alumni]] |
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[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2021]] |
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2021]] |
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[[Category:Victims of |
[[Category:Victims of helicopter accidents or incidents in India]] |
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[[Category:Victims of helicopter accidents or incidents]] |
Revision as of 12:46, 31 August 2024
Bipin Rawat | |
---|---|
1st Chief of Defence Staff | |
In office 1 January 2020 – 8 December 2021 | |
President | Ram Nath Kovind |
Prime Minister | Narendra Modi |
Preceded by | Office established |
Succeeded by | Anil Chauhan (2022) |
57th Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee | |
In office 27 September 2019 – 8 December 2021 (27 September 2019–31 December 2019 as COAS) (1 January 2020 – 8 December 2021 as CDS) | |
President | Ram Nath Kovind |
Prime Minister | Narendra Modi |
Preceded by | Birender Singh Dhanoa |
Succeeded by | Manoj Mukund Naravane (acting) Anil Chauhan |
27th Chief of the Army Staff | |
In office 31 December 2016 – 31 December 2019 | |
President | |
Prime Minister | Narendra Modi |
Preceded by | Dalbir Singh Suhag |
Succeeded by | Manoj Mukund Naravane[1] |
37th Vice Chief of the Army Staff | |
In office 1 September 2016 – 31 December 2016 | |
President | Pranab Mukherjee |
Prime Minister | Narendra Modi |
Minister of Defence | Manohar Parrikar |
Preceded by | Man Mohan Singh Rai |
Succeeded by | Sarath Chand |
Personal details | |
Born | Saina, Pauri Garhwal district, Uttar Pradesh, India (now in Uttarakhand, India)[2] | 16 March 1958
Died | 8 December 2021 Bandishola, Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India | (aged 63)
Cause of death | Helicopter crash |
Spouse | |
Children | 2 |
Parent | Lt. Gen. Lakshman Singh Rawat (father) |
Alma mater | |
Military service | |
Allegiance | India |
Branch/service | Indian Army |
Years of service | 16 December 1978 – 8 December 2021 |
Rank | General |
Unit | 5/11 Gorkha Rifles |
Commands | |
Service number | IC-35471M[4] |
Awards | |
General Bipin Rawat PVSM UYSM AVSM YSM SM VSM ADC (16 March 1958 – 8 December 2021) was an Indian military officer who was a four-star general of the Indian Army.[5] He served as the first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Indian Armed Forces from January 2020 until his death in a helicopter crash in December 2021. Prior to taking over as the CDS, he served as the 57th Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee (Chairman COSC) of the Indian Armed Forces as well as 27th Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) of the Indian Army.[6][7]
Born in Pauri, Pauri Garhwal district in present-day Uttarakhand to Lieutenant General Lakshman Singh Rawat, he graduated from the National Defence Academy and the Indian Military Academy where he was awarded the Sword of Honour. He was commissioned into his father's unit - 11 Gorkha Rifles. He served during the 1987 Sino-Indian skirmish in the Sumdorong Chu valley. He commanded a company in Uri and his battalion - 5/11 GR along the Line of Actual Control in Arunachal Pradesh. Promoted to the rank of Brigadier, he commanded 5 sector Rashtriya Rifles in Sopore. He subsequently served with the United Nations as the Commander of a Multinational Brigade as part of MONUSCO.
Promoted to general officer, Rawat commanded the 19 Infantry Division at Uri. He then served as the Major General General Staff (MGGS) at Headquarters Eastern Command. In 2014, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General and appointed General officer commanding (GOC) III Corps at Dimapur. During this tenure, the 2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar took place where units under his command executed cross-border strikes against the NSCN-K. In early 2016, Rawat was promoted to Army Commander grade and appointed General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command. After a short stint, he moved to Army HQ as the Vice Chief of the Army Staff. In December that year, he was appointed the next Chief of the Army Staff superseding two senior generals. As the senior-most chief of staff amongst the three services, he served as the Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee of the Indian Armed Forces from September 2019 to December 2021. He was appointed as the first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Indian Armed Forces in January 2020 and served until his death in December 2021.[8][9][10]
During Rawat's tenure as the COAS, in 2017, a 73-day military border standoff happened at Doklam between the Indian Armed Forces and the People's Liberation Army.
Early life and education
Bipin Rawat was born in Pauri town of Pauri Garhwal district, present-day Uttarakhand state, on 16 March 1958 [11] to a Hindu Garhwali Rajput family.[12] His family had been serving in the Indian Army for multiple generations. His father Lakshman Singh Rawat (1930–2015) was from Sainj village of the Pauri Garhwal district; commissioned into 3/11 Gorkha Rifles in 1951, he retired as Deputy Chief of the Army Staff in 1988 in the rank of Lieutenant General.[13][14][15] His mother was from the Uttarkashi district and was the daughter of Kishan Singh Parmar, the ex-Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Uttarkashi.[16]
Rawat was educated at Cambrian Hall school in Dehradun and at the St. Edward's School, Shimla.[17] He then joined the National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla and the Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, from where he graduated first in the order of merit and was awarded the 'Sword of Honour'.[18]
Rawat was also a graduate of the Defence Services Staff College (DSSC), Wellington and the Higher Command Course at the United States Army Command and General Staff College (USACGSC) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas in 1997.[19][20][21] From his tenure at the DSSC, he obtained an MPhil degree in Defence Studies as well as diplomas in Management and Computer Studies from the University of Madras. In 2011, he was awarded an honorary doctorate by Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut for his research on military-media strategic studies.[22][23]
Military career
Early career
Rawat was commissioned into the 5th battalion, the 11 Gorkha Rifles (5/11 GR) on 16 December 1978, the same unit as his father.[24][25] During the 1987 Sino-Indian skirmish in the Sumdorong Chu valley, then Captain Rawat's battalion was deployed against the Chinese People's Liberation Army.[26] The standoff was the first military confrontation along the disputed McMahon Line after the 1962 war.[27]
Early in his career, Rawat had an instructional tenure at the Indian Military Academy, Dehradun. He had much experience in high-altitude warfare and spent ten years conducting counter-insurgency operations.[21] He commanded a company in Uri, Jammu and Kashmir as a Major. He attended the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington. After the course, he was appointed General Staff Officer, Grade 2 (GSO2) at the Military Operations Directorate at Army headquarters. He also served as a logistics staff officer of a Re-organised Army Plains Infantry Division (RAPID) in Central India. He attended the Higher Command Course at the United States Army Command and General Staff College (USACGSC) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.
As a colonel, Rawat commanded his battalion, the 5th battalion, the 11 Gorkha Rifles, in the eastern sector along the Line of Actual Control at Kibithu. For his command of 5/11 GR, he was awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal on 26 January 2001.[28] He also served as Colonel Military Secretary (Col MS) and Deputy Military Secretary in the Military Secretary's Branch and as a Senior Instructor in the Junior Command Wing.[29][30]
On 26 January 2005, he was awarded the Sena Medal for devotion to duty.[31] Promoted to the rank of Brigadier, he commanded 5 Sector Rashtriya Rifles in Sopore. He was awarded the Yudh Seva Medal for his command of 5 Sector RR.[32]
UN mission in Congo
Rawat commanded MONUSCO (a Multinational Brigade in a Chapter VII mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo). Within two weeks of deployment in the DRC, the Brigade faced a major offensive in the east which threatened the regional capital of North Kivu, Goma. The offensive also threatened to destabilise the country as a whole. The situation demanded a rapid response and North Kivu Brigade was reinforced, where it was responsible for over 7,000 men and women, representing nearly half of the total MONUSCO force. Whilst simultaneously engaged in offensive kinetic operations against the CNDP and other armed groups, Rawat (then Brigadier) carried out tactical support to the Congolese Army (FARDC), He sensitised programmes with the local population and detailed coordination to ensure that all were informed about the situation and worked together in the progress of operations. He was responsible for the protection of the vulnerable population.
This operational period lasted for four months. Goma never fell, the East stabilized and the main armed group was motivated to the negotiating table and has since been integrated into the FARDC. He was also tasked to present the Revised Charter of Peace Enforcement to the Special Representatives of the Secretary-General and Force Commanders of all the UN missions in a special conference at Wilton Park, London, on 16 May 2009.[19][20][33] Rawat was twice awarded the Force Commander's Commendation.[29][30]
General officer
After promotion to Major General, Rawat took over as the General Officer Commanding 19th Infantry Division (Uri). For his command of the Dagger Division, as the 19th Infantry Division is called, he was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal on 26 January 2013.[34] He subsequently served as the Major General General Staff (MGGS) of the Eastern Command.
2015 Myanmar strikes
Promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General, he was appointed General Officer Commanding III Corps, headquartered in Dimapur. In June 2015, eighteen Indian soldiers were killed in an ambush by militants belonging to the United Liberation Front of Western South East Asia (UNLFW) in Manipur. The Indian Army responded with cross-border strikes in which units of the 21st battalion of the Parachute Regiment struck an NSCN-K base in Myanmar. 21 Para was under the operational control of the Dimapur based III Corps, which was then commanded by Rawat.[21][35] For his command of III Corps, he was awarded the Uttam Yudh Seva Medal on 26 January 2016.[36]
Army Commander
After relinquishing command of III Corps, Rawat was appointed General Officer Commanding Maharashtra, Gujarat and Goa Area, headquartered in Mumbai.[37] After a short stint, he was promoted to the Army Commander grade and assumed the post of General Officer Commanding-in-Chief (GOC-in-C) Southern Command on 1 January 2016.[29][30] After an eight-month tenure, he assumed the post of Vice Chief of the Army Staff on 1 September 2016.[38][39]
Chief of the Army Staff
On 17 December 2016, the Government of India appointed Rawat as the 27th Chief of the Army Staff, superseding two more senior Lieutenant Generals, Praveen Bakshi (Eastern Army Commander) and P. M. Hariz (Southern Army Commander).[40] The appointment made by NDA ruled Government was politically controversial.[41] Rawat was accused of nepotism and gratuitously politicising the appointment, by the senior serving and retired military officers.[42]
He took office of Chief of the Army Staff as the 27th COAS on 31 December 2016, after retirement of General Dalbir Singh Suhag.[43][44] He was the third officer from the Gorkha Brigade to become the Chief of the Army Staff, after Sam Manekshaw and Suhag.
In 2018, Rawat defended the army Major involved in the Kashmir human shield incident, where a Kashmiri man was tied to a jeep as a human shield.[45] The officer was awarded a Chief of the Army Staff Commendation Card by Rawat for counter-insurgency operations.[46][47]
Rawat had been criticized by the opposition party leaders for making political statements during the Citizenship Amendment Act protests.[45]
On his visit to the United States in 2019, General Rawat was inducted to the United States Army Command and General Staff College International Hall of Fame.[48] He was also an honorary General of Nepalese Army in accordance with the tradition between the Indian and Nepali armies to confer the honorary rank of General upon each other's chiefs to signify their close and special military ties.[49]
Rawat served as the 57th Chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee.[6]
Doklam standoff with Chinese army
In 2017, at Doklam a 73-day military border standoff happened between the Indian Armed Forces and the People's Liberation Army of China over Chinese construction of a road in Doklam near a trijunction border area between Bhutan, China and India.[50][51] After the standoff ended Rawat said China had begun 'flexing its muscles' and was trying to 'nibble away' territory held by India in a gradual manner to test the limits of thresholds. He stated, India had to be "wary about" China, "and remain prepared for situations that could develop into conflicts".[42]
On Pakistan
Rawat said that India did not "see any scope for reconciliation with Pakistan as its military, polity and people have decided that India wants to break their country into pieces". Rawat suspected Pakistan could "swing into action to take advantage of India's preoccupation with China". Rawat thus highlighted a two-front war situation without offering a solution or remedy.[42]
Two front War
Until 2019, Rawat had given statements warning India to be prepared for a simultaneous war on two fronts against China and Pakistan. In September 2017, during a seminar in Delhi, Rawat said that "warfare lies within the realm of reality" along India borders with China and Pakistan, even though all the three countries have nuclear arms. According to critics, Rawat neither prepared for such an outcome nor initiated measures to thwart it.[42]
Bilateral visits as Chief of the Army Staff
Country | Date | Purpose | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
2017 | |||
Nepal | 28–31 March | [52] [53] | |
Bangladesh | 31 March – 2 April |
|
[53] [54] |
Bhutan | 27–30 April |
|
[55] |
Myanmar | 28–31 May |
|
[56] |
Kazakhstan | 1–3 August |
|
[57] |
Turkmenistan | 4–5 August |
|
[57] |
2018 | |||
Nepal | 12–14 February |
|
[58] [59] |
Sri Lanka | 14–17 May |
|
[60] [61] |
Russia | 1–6 October |
|
[62] |
Vietnam | 22–25 November |
|
[63] |
Tanzania Kenya |
17–20 December |
|
[64] |
2019 | |||
United States | 2–5 April |
|
[65] |
Maldives | 30 September – 3 October 2019 |
|
[66] |
Chief of Defence Staff
He served as the first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) of the Indian Armed Forces from January 2020 until his death in December 2021.[8][9][10]
India as of 2021 had service–specific commands system.[67] joint and integrated commands, also known as unified commands; and further divided into theatre or functional commands, have been set up and more are proposed.[68] In February 2020, Rawat said two to five theatre commands may be set up.[69] The completion of the creation of theatre commands, both integrated and joint commands, will take a number of years.[70] Indian Air Force opposed the formation of unified theatre commands citing limitation of resources.[71]
Comments on supremacy of Army
Rawat put emphasis on the 'supremacy and primacy' of the Indian Army over the Air force and Navy, in fighting wars. Rawat had stated, "Wars will be fought on land, and therefore the primacy of the army must be maintained over the air force and navy. The statement had antagonised the Air Force and Navy.[42]
In early 2021, Rawat called the Indian Air Force a "supporting arm" of India's defence network and infrastructure. Air Chief Marshal R. K. S. Bhadauria made a public statement in response that the IAF served a bigger role than a supporting arm.[45]
Ladakh standoff with Chinese Army
Comments on China
On 15 September 2021 while speaking at an event in the capacity of the CDS at the India International Centre in New Delhi, General Rawat touched upon the theory of clash of civilisations with regards to the western civilisation and China's growing relations with countries like Iran and Turkey.[72] The next day, on 16 September 2021, India's Minister of External Affairs S. Jaishankar conveyed to his Chinese counterpart that India does not subscribe to any clash of civilisations theory.[73]
Personal life
In 1985, Rawat married Madhulika Rawat (née Raje Singh). A descendant of an erstwhile princely family, she was the daughter of Kunwar Mrigendra Singh, sometime Riyasatdar of the pargana of Sohagpur (Shahdol) Riyasat in Shahdol district and an Indian National Congress MLA from the district in 1967 and 1972.[74] She was educated at Scindia Kanya Vidyalaya in Gwalior and graduated in psychology at University of Delhi.[75] The couple had two daughters, Kritika and Tarini.[76]
Madhulika Rawat was the president of the Army Wives Welfare Association (AWWA) during Bipin Rawat's tenure as Chief of the Army Staff. She became the president of the Defence Wives Welfare Association (DWWA), upon the creation of the post and the appointment of General Bipin Rawat as the first CDS. She worked to make the wives of defence personnel financially independent.[77] She was also involved with NGOs and welfare associations such as Veer Naris that assists widows of military personnel, differently-abled children and cancer patients.[78]
Death and legacy
On 8 December 2021, Rawat, his wife and members of his staff were amongst 10 passengers and 4 crew members aboard an Indian Air Force Mil Mi-17 helicopter flight en route from the Sulur Air Force Base to the Defence Services Staff College (DSSC), Wellington, where Rawat was to deliver a lecture.[79] At around 12:10 p.m. local time, the aircraft crashed near a residential colony of private tea estate employees on the outskirts of the hamlet of Nanjappachatiram, Bandishola panchayat, in the Katteri-Nanchappanchathram area of Coonoor taluk, Nilgiris district.[80][81][82] The crash site was 10 kilometres (6.2 mi; 5.4 nmi) from the flight's intended destination.[83] Rawat's death – and those of his wife and 11 others – was later confirmed by the Indian Air Force. Rawat's liaison officer, Group Captain Varun Singh initially survived the incident, but later succumbed to injuries on 15 December.[84] Rawat was 63 at the time of his death.[85]
Rawat and his wife were cremated according to Hindu rituals with full military honours and 17 gun salute at Brar Square Crematorium in Delhi Cantonment on 10 December 2021.[86] Their cremation was carried out by their daughters, who took their ashes to Haridwar and immersed them in the Ganges at the Har Ki Pauri ghat on 12 December.[87]
On Rawat's first death anniversary, his bust was unveiled at the United Service Institution of India (USI) by the Minister of State for Defence Ajay Bhatt. A chair of excellence and a memorial lecture was instituted at the institute by the Indian Armed Forces and the USI.[88] The General Bipin Rawat Block at the Military Engineer Services Inspection Bungalow (MES IB) in Colaba, Mumbai is named for Rawat.[89] The General Rawat India-Australia Young Defence Officers' Exchange Programme established in March 2022 is named for Rawat. The programme is aimed at enhancing professional military contacts between the two armed forces and facilitate the exchange of ideas and operational experiences.[90][91][92]
On Rawat's 65th birth anniversary, the Indian Navy instituted the General Bipin Rawat rolling trophy for the Woman Agniveer Trainee standing First in Overall Order of Merit. The trophy was instituted to honour his contribution to transformational Agnipath Scheme and is presented at the sailors training centre INS Chilka. The Navy also instituted the General Bipin Rawat Rolling trophy for the Most Spirited Officer undergoing the Naval Higher Command Course (NHCC) at the Naval War College, Goa.[93] In December 2013, the Jhelum Stadium in Janbazpora, Baramulla was renamed General Bipin Rawat stadium. Rawat had served as the GOC 19 Infantry Division, headquartered at Baramulla.[94]
Honours and decorations
During his career of nearly 43 years, he was awarded multiple times for gallantry and distinguished service. He was awarded the Vishisht Seva Medal in 2001, the Sena Medal in 2005, the Yudh Seva Medal in 2009, the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal in 2013, the Uttam Yudh Seva Medal in 2016 and the Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 2019. He was also awarded the COAS Commendation on two occasions and the Army Commander's Commendation. While serving with the United Nations, he was awarded the Force Commander's commendation twice.[95][96] He was posthumously honored with the Padma Vibhushan in 2022.[97]
Dates of rank
Insignia | Rank | Component | Date of rank |
---|---|---|---|
Second Lieutenant | Indian Army | 16 December 1978[98] | |
Lieutenant | Indian Army | 16 December 1980[99] | |
Captain | Indian Army | 31 July 1984[100] | |
Major | Indian Army | 16 December 1989[101] | |
Lieutenant Colonel | Indian Army | 1 June 1998[102] | |
Colonel | Indian Army | 1 August 2003[103] | |
Brigadier | Indian Army | 1 October 2007 (seniority from 17 May 2007)[104] | |
Major General | Indian Army | 20 October 2011 (substantive, seniority from 11 May 2010)[105] | |
Lieutenant General | Indian Army | 1 June 2014 (substantive)[106] | |
General (COAS) |
Indian Army | 1 January 2017[107] | |
General (CDS) |
Indian Armed Forces (tri-service) |
31 December 2019[108] |
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{{cite news}}
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{{cite web}}
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