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| manufacturer = [[Fiat]]
| manufacturer = [[Fiat]]
| aka = Fiat Elita (South Africa)<ref name=CarZA1178>{{cite magazine | magazine = CAR (South Africa) | title = Fiat Elita 2000: the new flagship | editor-last = Wright | editor-first = Cedric | volume = 22 | number = 8 | date = September 1978 | ref = DNLCV | page = 54 | publisher = Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. }}</ref>
| aka = Fiat Elita (South Africa)<ref name=CarZA1178>{{cite magazine | magazine = CAR (South Africa) | title = Fiat Elita 2000: the new flagship | editor-last = Wright | editor-first = Cedric | volume = 22 | number = 8 | date = September 1978 | ref = DNLCV | page = 54 | publisher = Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. }}</ref>
| production = 1972–1982
| production = 1972–1981
| assembly = [[Turin]], [[Italy]]
| assembly = {{ubl
[[Barcelona]], [[Spain]] ([[Seat]])
| [[Italy]]: [[Turin]]
[[Rancagua]], [[Chile]]
| [[Chile]]: [[Rancagua]]
[[Gwangmyeong]], [[South Korea]] ([[Kia Motors]])
| [[South Africa]]: [[Rosslyn, Gauteng|Rosslyn]]
| [[South Korea]]: [[Hwaseong, Gyeonggi|Hwasung]] ([[Kia Motors]])

| [[Yugoslavia]]: [[Zagreb]]
}}
| designer = [[Marcello Gandini]]
| designer = [[Marcello Gandini]]
| class = [[Compact executive car|Large family car]] ([[D-segment|D]])
| class = [[Compact executive car|Large family car]] ([[D-segment|D]])
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| related = [[SEAT 132]]
| related = [[SEAT 132]]
| layout = [[FR layout]]
| layout = [[FR layout]]
| engine = {{ubl|'''Petrol:'''|1.6 L [[Inline-four engine|4]]<br>1.8 L I4 | 2.0 L I4 | '''Diesel:'''|2.0 L I4 | 2.5 L I4 }}
| engine = {{ubl|'''Petrol:'''|1.6&nbsp;L [[DOHC]] [[Straight-four engine|I4]] | 1.8&nbsp;L DOHC I4 | 2.0&nbsp;L DOHC I4 | '''Diesel:'''|2.0&nbsp;L I4 | 2.5&nbsp;L I4 }}
| transmission = 4 and 5-speed manual<br>3-speed automatic
| transmission = 4 and 5-speed manual<br>3-speed automatic
| wheelbase = {{convert|2557|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|2557|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
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The '''Fiat 132''' is a [[large family car]] produced by the Italian [[automobile]] company [[Fiat]] from 1972 to 1981. An updated version of the 132, called the [[Fiat Argenta|Argenta]], was produced from 1981 to 1985.
The '''Fiat 132''' is a [[large family car]] produced by the Italian [[automobile]] company [[Fiat]] from 1972 to 1981. An updated version of the 132, called the [[Fiat Argenta|Argenta]], was produced from 1981 to 1985.


==Fiat 132 (1972–74)==
==Fiat 132 (1972–1974)==
[[File:Fiat 132 first iteration in Germany.jpg|thumb|left|Fiat 132 (1972 - 1974)]]
[[File:Fiat 132 first iteration in Germany.jpg|thumb|left|Fiat 132 (1972–1974)]]


The 132 was introduced as a replacement for the [[Fiat 125]] and like it, came with twin overhead cam (TC) engines as standard. However, the Fiat 132 looked more like the larger top-of-the-range [[Fiat 130]].
The 132 was introduced as a replacement for the [[Fiat 125]] and like it, came with twin overhead cam (TC) engines as standard. However, the Fiat 132 looked more like the larger top-of-the-range [[Fiat 130]].
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{{clear-left}}
{{clear-left}}


==Fiat 132 (1974–77)==
==Fiat 132 (1974–1977)==


A major update to the front suspension was implemented for January 1974 in response to criticism of the handling and very low geared steering.<ref name=Autocar1977/> Press reports of the time commend the improved handling which was also supported by the fitting of wider tires, although poor fuel consumption at high speed continued to draw adverse comment, even where the (unusual for the time) five speed transmission option was specified.<ref name=AutoJournaledsalon1974/> In the same year an external redesign<ref name=AutoJournaledsalon1974>{{Cite journal| title = Fiat 132 GLS| journal = L'Auto-Journal: Le Salon de l'Auto 1974| volume = Numero Special|page=61 |date = September 1974}}</ref> gave the impression of a lowered waistline resulting from larger side windows. It included a reshaped C-pillar<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974>{{cite magazine| title =Zahlreiche Aenderungen nahm Fiat am Mittelklasse-Modell 132 vor, dessen Verkauf sich bisher nur schleppend entwickelt hat...|magazine= [[Auto, Motor und Sport|Auto Motor u. Sport]]| volume = Heft 3 1974| pages = Seite 23 |date = February 1974}}</ref> which had a semblance of BMW's "[[Hofmeister kink]]" and reminded some of the recently introduced [[BMW E12|BMW 5 Series]].
A major update to the front suspension was implemented for January 1974 in response to criticism of the handling and very low geared steering.<ref name=Autocar1977/> Press reports of the time commend the improved handling which was also supported by the fitting of wider tires, although poor fuel consumption at high speed continued to draw adverse comment, even where the (unusual for the time) five speed transmission option was specified.<ref name=AutoJournaledsalon1974/> In the same year an external redesign<ref name=AutoJournaledsalon1974>{{Cite journal| title = Fiat 132 GLS| journal = L'Auto-Journal: Le Salon de l'Auto 1974| volume = Numero Special|page=61 |date = September 1974}}</ref> gave the impression of a lowered waistline resulting from larger side windows. It included a reshaped C-pillar<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974>{{cite magazine| title =Zahlreiche Aenderungen nahm Fiat am Mittelklasse-Modell 132 vor, dessen Verkauf sich bisher nur schleppend entwickelt hat...|magazine= [[Auto, Motor und Sport|Auto Motor u. Sport]]| volume = Heft 3 1974| pages = Seite 23 |date = February 1974}}</ref> which had a semblance of BMW's "[[Hofmeister kink]]" and reminded some of the recently introduced [[BMW E12|BMW 5 Series]].
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For the driver, new shock absorbers accompanied the suspension improvements.<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974/> The 1600 cc engine remained unchanged but the 1800 cc engine benefited from a modified cylinder head and carburettor resulting in a small increase in claimed output to {{Convert|107|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, along with a usefully flattened torque curve.<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974/> Interior improvements included a redesigned steering wheel along with improved heating and ventilation controls.<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974/>
For the driver, new shock absorbers accompanied the suspension improvements.<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974/> The 1600 cc engine remained unchanged but the 1800 cc engine benefited from a modified cylinder head and carburettor resulting in a small increase in claimed output to {{Convert|107|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}}, along with a usefully flattened torque curve.<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974/> Interior improvements included a redesigned steering wheel along with improved heating and ventilation controls.<ref name=AutoMotoruSport1974/>


==Fiat 132 (1977–81)==
==Fiat 132 (1977–1981)==
[[File:1978 Fiat 132 2000 (8800462325) (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|1978 Fiat 132]]
[[File:A visitors Fiat 132 2000 GLS, 1980 (6980037744).jpg|thumb|right|Fiat 132 (1980)]]
[[File:A visitors Fiat 132 2000 GLS, 1980 (6980037744).jpg|thumb|right|Fiat 132 (1980)]]
In April 1977, the 132 received a further facelift.<ref name=Autocar1977>{{cite magazine| title = Fiat's new flagship |magazine=[[Autocar (magazine)|Autocar]] | volume = 146 | issue = 4197 | pages =44–45 |date = 16 April 1977}}</ref> New plastic "safety" bumpers were introduced to the model,<ref name=Autocar1977/> and the gearing of the steering was raised, supported by the addition of servo-assistance.<ref name=Autocar1977/> Inside were a new dashboard and seat trims. At this point, with the 130 having been discontinued, the 132 became the "[[flagship]]" of the Fiat range.<ref name=Autocar1977/>
In April 1977, the 132 received a further facelift.<ref name=Autocar1977>{{cite magazine| title = Fiat's new flagship |magazine=[[Autocar (magazine)|Autocar]] | volume = 146 | issue = 4197 | pages =44–45 |date = 16 April 1977}}</ref> New plastic "safety" bumpers were introduced to the model,<ref name=Autocar1977/> and the gearing of the steering was raised, supported by the addition of servo-assistance.<ref name=Autocar1977/> Inside were a new dashboard and seat trims. At this point, with the 130 having been discontinued, the 132 became the "[[flagship]]" of the Fiat range.<ref name=Autocar1977/>
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The 132 had limited manufacture outside Italy compared to its predecessor [[Fiat 125|125]]. The car was built in [[Spain]] by [[SEAT]] with [[SEAT 132|a version]] that was sold between 1973 and 1982. It was also assembled in South Africa by Fiat's local assemblers in [[Rosslyn, Gauteng|Rosslyn]]. After the 1977 update, the 132 was renamed "Elita" in South Africa, and due to a shortage of capacity at Fiat's plant it was assembled by competitors Alfa Romeo South Africa.
The 132 had limited manufacture outside Italy compared to its predecessor [[Fiat 125|125]]. The car was built in [[Spain]] by [[SEAT]] with [[SEAT 132|a version]] that was sold between 1973 and 1982. It was also assembled in South Africa by Fiat's local assemblers in [[Rosslyn, Gauteng|Rosslyn]]. After the 1977 update, the 132 was renamed "Elita" in South Africa, and due to a shortage of capacity at Fiat's plant it was assembled by competitors Alfa Romeo South Africa.


132 was also assembled in [[Yugoslavia]], by [[Zastava Automobiles|Zastava]] in [[Zagreb]]. Cars arrived there practically fully completed, and there parts like wheels, battery, and also a plate which confirmed that car was assembled in Yugoslavia (under the name "Zastava 132"), were put. There weren't any differences than Italian-built model. Assembly lasted from 1974. to 1981. and some 2–3,000 examples were built. It was particularly popular between directors and officials. 132 was succeeded by [[Fiat Argenta]] in Zastava's lineup.
The 132 was also assembled in [[Yugoslavia]] by [[Zastava Automobiles|Zastava]], in [[Zagreb]]. Cars arrived there practically fully completed, and there parts like wheels, battery, and also a plate which confirmed that car was assembled in Yugoslavia (under the name "Zastava 132"), were put. There weren't any differences from the Italian-built model. Assembly lasted from 1974 to 1981, and some 2,000–3,000 examples were built. It was particularly popular between directors and officials. The 132 was succeeded by [[Fiat Argenta]] in Zastava's lineup.


In Poland the 132 was offered from 1973 as the [[Polski Fiat]] 132p. The car was described as "assembled by [[Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]", though actually the cars were shipped from Italy almost complete.<ref name=podbielski>Podbielski, Zdzisław (2019). ''Samochody montażowe z Żerania'', "Auto Świat Classic" Nr 4/2019, p. 132-137 (Polish)</ref> FSO only did the final assembly, fitting minor parts like wipers, batteries, seats, wheels and logos. The Polski Fiat 132p was a favourite with high state officials and [[Służba Bezpieczeństwa|security services]]. For internal market it was available only for [[hard currency]] in [[Pewex]] stores.<ref name=podbielski/> Until 1981, 4461 were assembled.<ref name=podbielski/> 270 Argentas were also assembled in this way in 1985 by FSO.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}
In Poland the 132 was offered from 1973 as the [[Polski Fiat]] 132p. The car was described as "assembled by [[Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]", though actually the cars were shipped from Italy almost complete.<ref name=podbielski>Podbielski, Zdzisław (2019). ''Samochody montażowe z Żerania'', "Auto Świat Classic" Nr 4/2019, p. 132-137 (Polish)</ref> FSO only did the final assembly, fitting minor parts like wipers, batteries, seats, wheels and logos. The Polski Fiat 132p was a favourite with high state officials and [[Służba Bezpieczeństwa|security services]]. For internal market it was available only for [[hard currency]] in [[Pewex]] stores.<ref name=podbielski/> Until 1981, 4461 were assembled.<ref name=podbielski/> 270 Argentas were also assembled in this way in 1985 by FSO.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}


[[Kia Motors|Kia]] built 4,759 units of the 132 from [[Knock-down kit|CKD]] kits in 1979 in South Korea.<ref name="kiamedia.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kiapressoffice.com/history|title=Kia history|access-date=2020-07-27|work=Kia UK}}</ref><ref name="thehyway.com">{{Cite web|url=http://thehyway.com/Kia-Motors-History.htm |title=Rising out of Asia |access-date=2010-11-02 |work=thehyway.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022043003/http://thehyway.com/Kia-Motors-History.htm |archive-date=October 22, 2007 }}</ref>
[[Kia Motors|Kia]] built 4,759 units of the 132 from [[Knock-down kit|CKD]] kits in South Korea, from 1979.<ref name="kiamedia.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.kiapressoffice.com/history|title=Kia history|access-date=2020-07-27|work=Kia UK}}</ref><ref name="thehyway.com">{{Cite web|url=http://thehyway.com/Kia-Motors-History.htm |title=Rising out of Asia |access-date=2010-11-02 |work=thehyway.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022043003/http://thehyway.com/Kia-Motors-History.htm |archive-date=October 22, 2007 }}</ref>



==References==
==References==

Revision as of 01:54, 29 August 2024

Fiat 132
Fiat 132 after the 1974 redesign
Overview
ManufacturerFiat
Also calledFiat Elita (South Africa)[1]
Production1972–1981
Assembly
DesignerMarcello Gandini
Body and chassis
ClassLarge family car (D)
Body style4-door saloon
LayoutFR layout
RelatedSEAT 132
Powertrain
Engine
  • Petrol:
  • 1.6 L DOHC I4
  • 1.8 L DOHC I4
  • 2.0 L DOHC I4
  • Diesel:
  • 2.0 L I4
  • 2.5 L I4
Transmission4 and 5-speed manual
3-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase2,557 mm (100.7 in)
Length4,405 mm (173.4 in)
Width1,640 mm (64.6 in)
Height1,422 mm (56.0 in)
Curb weight1120-1170 kg (2469-2579 lb)
Chronology
PredecessorFiat 125
SuccessorFiat Argenta

The Fiat 132 is a large family car produced by the Italian automobile company Fiat from 1972 to 1981. An updated version of the 132, called the Argenta, was produced from 1981 to 1985.

Fiat 132 (1972–1974)

Fiat 132 (1972–1974)

The 132 was introduced as a replacement for the Fiat 125 and like it, came with twin overhead cam (TC) engines as standard. However, the Fiat 132 looked more like the larger top-of-the-range Fiat 130.

Like the 125, the 132 came with a five-speed manual gearbox, optional in some markets and standard in others: this was still a relatively unusual feature in this class of car in 1977.[2] GM "Strasbourg" automatic transmission was listed as an option.[3]

Fiat 132 (1974–1977)

A major update to the front suspension was implemented for January 1974 in response to criticism of the handling and very low geared steering.[2] Press reports of the time commend the improved handling which was also supported by the fitting of wider tires, although poor fuel consumption at high speed continued to draw adverse comment, even where the (unusual for the time) five speed transmission option was specified.[4] In the same year an external redesign[4] gave the impression of a lowered waistline resulting from larger side windows. It included a reshaped C-pillar[5] which had a semblance of BMW's "Hofmeister kink" and reminded some of the recently introduced BMW 5 Series.

For the driver, new shock absorbers accompanied the suspension improvements.[5] The 1600 cc engine remained unchanged but the 1800 cc engine benefited from a modified cylinder head and carburettor resulting in a small increase in claimed output to 107 hp (80 kW), along with a usefully flattened torque curve.[5] Interior improvements included a redesigned steering wheel along with improved heating and ventilation controls.[5]

Fiat 132 (1977–1981)

1978 Fiat 132
Fiat 132 (1980)

In April 1977, the 132 received a further facelift.[2] New plastic "safety" bumpers were introduced to the model,[2] and the gearing of the steering was raised, supported by the addition of servo-assistance.[2] Inside were a new dashboard and seat trims. At this point, with the 130 having been discontinued, the 132 became the "flagship" of the Fiat range.[2]

It was available with seven different engines:

  • 1.6 litre petrol producing 98 PS (72 kW; 97 hp), 1592 cc (later 1585 cc after 1977)
  • 1.8 litre petrol with 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp), 1756 cc (1972–74)
  • 1.8 litre petrol with 111 PS (82 kW; 109 hp), 1756 cc (1974–77)
  • 2.0 litre petrol with 112 PS (82 kW; 110 hp), 1995 cc (from 1977)
  • 2.0 litre petrol with fuel injection producing 122 PS (90 kW; 120 hp), 1995 cc (from 1977)
  • 2.0 litre diesel with 60 PS (44 kW; 59 hp), 1995 cc
  • 2.5 litre diesel with 72 PS (53 kW; 71 hp), 2445 cc

Overseas assembly

The 132 had limited manufacture outside Italy compared to its predecessor 125. The car was built in Spain by SEAT with a version that was sold between 1973 and 1982. It was also assembled in South Africa by Fiat's local assemblers in Rosslyn. After the 1977 update, the 132 was renamed "Elita" in South Africa, and due to a shortage of capacity at Fiat's plant it was assembled by competitors Alfa Romeo South Africa.

The 132 was also assembled in Yugoslavia by Zastava, in Zagreb. Cars arrived there practically fully completed, and there parts like wheels, battery, and also a plate which confirmed that car was assembled in Yugoslavia (under the name "Zastava 132"), were put. There weren't any differences from the Italian-built model. Assembly lasted from 1974 to 1981, and some 2,000–3,000 examples were built. It was particularly popular between directors and officials. The 132 was succeeded by Fiat Argenta in Zastava's lineup.

In Poland the 132 was offered from 1973 as the Polski Fiat 132p. The car was described as "assembled by FSO", though actually the cars were shipped from Italy almost complete.[6] FSO only did the final assembly, fitting minor parts like wipers, batteries, seats, wheels and logos. The Polski Fiat 132p was a favourite with high state officials and security services. For internal market it was available only for hard currency in Pewex stores.[6] Until 1981, 4461 were assembled.[6] 270 Argentas were also assembled in this way in 1985 by FSO.[citation needed]

Kia built 4,759 units of the 132 from CKD kits in South Korea, from 1979.[7][8]


References

  1. ^ Wright, Cedric, ed. (September 1978). "Fiat Elita 2000: the new flagship". CAR (South Africa). Vol. 22, no. 8. Ramsay, Son & Parker (Pty) ltd. p. 54.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Fiat's new flagship". Autocar. Vol. 146, no. 4197. 16 April 1977. pp. 44–45.
  3. ^ "Autotest: Fiat 132 1800 Special". Autocar. Vol. 138, no. 4003. 15 February 1973. pp. 12–17.
  4. ^ a b "Fiat 132 GLS". L'Auto-Journal: Le Salon de l'Auto 1974. Numero Special: 61. September 1974.
  5. ^ a b c d "Zahlreiche Aenderungen nahm Fiat am Mittelklasse-Modell 132 vor, dessen Verkauf sich bisher nur schleppend entwickelt hat...". Auto Motor u. Sport. Vol. Heft 3 1974. February 1974. pp. Seite 23.
  6. ^ a b c Podbielski, Zdzisław (2019). Samochody montażowe z Żerania, "Auto Świat Classic" Nr 4/2019, p. 132-137 (Polish)
  7. ^ "Kia history". Kia UK. Retrieved 2020-07-27.
  8. ^ "Rising out of Asia". thehyway.com. Archived from the original on October 22, 2007. Retrieved 2010-11-02.

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