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A student housing cooperative, also known as co-operative housing, is a housing cooperative for student members. Members live in alternative cooperative housing that they personally own and maintain. These houses are designed to lower housing costs while providing an educational and community environment for students to live and grow in. They are, in general, nonprofit, communal, and self-governing,^[1] with students pooling their monetary and personal resources to create a community style home. Many student housing cooperatives share operation and governing of the house. As with most cooperatives, student housing coops follow the Rochdale Principles and promote collaboration and community work done by the members for mutual benefit.

Most student housing coops in Canada and the United States are members of North American Students of Cooperation.^{[citation needed]}

History

Several of the earliest US student cooperatives (e.g. at Northwestern University and Wellesley College) had begun by at least 1915, for the purpose of housing female students.^[2] Most student housing cooperatives are formed to provide an alternative dorm for students who are unable to afford college due to housing costs. For example, the Harriet E. Richards House ^[3] at Boston University (1928) was established to provide a cheap alternative to dorm life for women scholars.^[4] The Berkeley Student Cooperative, amongst others, started during the Great Depression to help provide affordable food and housing for Berkeley students. Other early examples that started in the Depression years: the Cooperative Living Organization at the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida founded in 1931 and the Michigan Socialist House at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan founded in 1932.

Others were formed to provide a more inclusive and supportive environment for students. Many student housing cooperatives are focused around socialist principles or political activism (Michigan Socialist House), veganism or vegetarianism, racial or ethnic identity (Biko), or environmental concerns.

Throughout the twentieth century, student housing cooperatives expanded, but some floundered. Many formed coalitions in the face of rising debt or bankruptcy.^[5] The North American Students of Cooperation (NASCO) was formed in 1968 as a way to link existing cooperatives together while educating and improving cooperatives across North America.^[6] Today, NASCO primarily serves as an association that promotes development and communication amongst coops and promotes communal living.

Management

There is not a standard way of running a housing cooperative. Most student housing cooperative members have full voting privileges on issues such as rent, future members, and community activity and then maintain an elected board of committee members who oversee the running of the cooperative.^[7] Many student housing cooperatives require work shifts that help lower the overall cost of living. These may include chores or cooking. Some coops award points to the type of chore and members are required to complete a certain number of points a week.^[8] All cooperatives expect members to contribute assistance throughout the year to keep the cooperative running smoothly and efficiently. It is up to the individual coops as to whether the members elect a board or committee to oversee the entire cooperative.

List

Australia

Two student housing co-operatives are presently operating in Australia:

STUCCO Cooperative Ltd^[9] in Newtown, Sydney, founded in 1992
Canberra Student Housing Co-op ^[10] in Canberra, founded in 2010

Canada

Student co-operatives are situated in close proximity to colleges and universities. The biggest student housing co-operative in the world is Waterloo Co‑operative Residence Inc. in Waterloo, Ontario with 1300 resident members.

The East Coast is represented by:

New Brunswick Residence Co‑operative from Fredericton, New Brunswick.

Central Canada is represented by:

Educational Community Living Environment (ECOLE) ^[11] in Montreal, Quebec
Coopérative d'habitation étudiant Triangle Rose in Montreal, Quebec
Campus Co‑operative Residence Inc ^[12] in Toronto, Ontario
Guelph Campus Co‑operative ^[13] in Guelph, Ontario
Waterloo Co‑operative Residence Inc. in Waterloo, Ontario
Science ’44 ^[14] in Kingston, Ontario

The West Coast is represented by:

College Housing Co‑operative Limited in Winnipeg, Manitoba
Common Ground Co‑operative in Winnipeg, Manitoba
Assiniboia Community Housing Co‑operative ^[15] in Edmonton, Alberta.
Campus Residence Co‑operative Association in New Westminster, British Columbia

Many of the co-ops are members of The Cooperative Housing Federation of Canada and NASCO.

France

In France L’Association de Coopération pour le Logement des Etudiant·es de France (L'ACLEF), founded in 2015, exists to take on the management of empty properties to rent to students. L'ACLEF operates CoopColoc, housing students in Paris and Bordeaux alongside Campus & Toits in Toulouse. ^[16]

Switzerland

There is one operational student housing co-operative in Switzerland:

La Ciguë in Geneva, founded in 1986.

United Kingdom

There are four operational student housing co-operatives in the UK:

Edinburgh Student Housing Co-operative with 106 members, opened 2014
Birmingham Student Housing Co-operative with 9 members, opened 2014^[17]
Sheffield Student Housing Co-operative with 5 members, opened 2015
SEASALT (South East Students Autonomously Living Together) in Brighton with 7 members, opened 2021 ^[18]

There are also initiatives at various stages of development to establish housing co-operatives in Glasgow,^[19] Manchester^[20] and Bristol.^[21]

All operating coops and initiatives are members of Students for Cooperation, a UK wide federation of student co-operatives which includes a number of other groups across the UK working to establish student housing co-operatives.^[22] Students for Cooperation commissioned a report on establishing a National Body of Student Housing Cooperatives (NBSHC) to help support and grow the UK student housing cooperative movement.^[23]^[24] In 2018 this new body, Student Co-op Homes, was launched as a secondary co-operative for raising finances to buy property to lease to student housing co-operatives.^[25]^[26] The organisation has similarities to North American Students of Cooperation.

An unsuccessful plan to launch a student housing co-operative took place in 2004, when MMUnion partnered with the National Union of Students and Confederation of Co-operative Housing^[27] to offer cheaper cooperatively owned alternatives to city housing for Manchester Metropolitan University students. The NUS plan fell through as NUS management changed.^[28]

United States

Artist, student and community co-operatives are common in the San Francisco Bay Area. Many of these housing co-operatives are members of organizations such as NASCO.

Currently, the second biggest student housing co-op in the world is Berkeley Student Cooperative, formerly known as the University Students Cooperative Association, in Berkeley, CA with 1250 students living in 17 houses and 3 apartment complexes. Other large-scale co-op systems include MSU Student Housing Cooperative of Michigan State University, the Inter-Cooperative Council at the University of Michigan, and UCLA University Cooperative Housing Association with 400+ students.

Other examples of such cooperatives include:

Berkeley Student Cooperative in Berkeley, California
Bloomington Cooperative Living^[29] in Bloomington, Indiana
Brown Association for Cooperative Housing in Providence, Rhode Island
College Houses ^[30] (e.g. 21st Street Co-op) and the Inter-Cooperative Council at the University of Texas at Austin
Dudley Co-op ^[31] at Harvard University
Genesee Valley Cooperative in Geneseo, New York
Harriet E. Richards House^[32] at Boston University, in Boston, Massachusetts.
Kalamazoo Collective Housing ^[33] in Kalamazoo, Michigan
The University of Kansas Student Housing Association ^[34] in Lawrence, Kansas
Cooperative Housing at the University of Maryland ^[35] in College Park, Maryland
Student Housing Cooperative at Michigan State University
University of Minnesota Students Co-op ^[36] and Riverton Community Housing ^[37] in Minneapolis, Minnesota
Minnesota Students' Cooperative ^[38] in Saint Paul, MN
Students' Co-Op ^[39] at the University of Minnesota
The Oberlin Student Cooperative Association at Oberlin College
Penn Haven Housing Cooperative ^[40] at University of Pennsylvania
Cooperative Housing at Purdue ^[41] at Purdue University
Qumbya in Chicago, Illinois
Santa Barbara Student Housing Cooperative in Santa Barbara, California
Santa Cruz Student Housing Co-ops ^[42] in Santa Cruz, California
Cooperative Houses ^[43] at Stanford University
Stewart Little (cooperative housing) in Ithaca, NY
The Tri Co-ops ^[44] and Baggin's End/Domes in Davis, California
Two Dickinson Street Co-op in Princeton, New Jersey.
University Cooperative Housing Association at UCLA
Inter-Cooperative Council at the University of Michigan
Community of Urbana Champaign Cooperative Housing in Urbana, Illinois
Students' Cooperative Association ^[45] in Eugene, Oregon
The Cooperative Living Organization in Gainesville, Florida
Helyar House at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ

References

^ "About our Cooperative". MSU Student Housing Cooperative. Archived from the original on 2013-12-06.
^ The Dean of Women By Lois Kimball Mathews Rosenberry
^ "Harriet E. Richards Alumnae Association - About". her-house.org.
^ "Mission & Founding". HER House.
^ "About Us". Riverton Community Housing.
^ "About Us". NASCO. 14 June 2021.
^ "Committees". MSU Student Housing Cooperative. Archived from the original on 2014-01-02.
^ "Workshift". Berkeley Student Cooperative.
^ STUCCO Cooperative Ltd
^ Canberra Student Housing Co-op
^ http://www.ecoleproject.org ^{[bare URL]}
^ "Campus Cooperative Residences – Co-operative Community-Based Housing for Students". campus.coop.
^ "Guelph Campus Co-op - Housing". guelphcampus.coop.
^ "Home". Kingston Student Housing.
^ Assiniboia Community Housing Co‑operative
^ Narvarte, Fanny (2021-08-19). "Bordeaux Agglo: des colocs moins chères pour les étudiants" (in French). ISSN 1760-6454. Retrieved 2022-09-30.
^ "Facebook". www.facebook.com.
^ Hadfield, Miles (24 July 2021). "Brighton-based student housing co-op secures first property". Co-op News. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
^ "Housing co-operative proposed for Glasgow students - Scottish Housing News". www.scottishhousingnews.com. Archived from the original on 2017-05-06.
^ "Home". Manchester Student Housing Co-operative. Retrieved 2022-04-10.
^ "Student housing co-operative opens membership applications". Epigram. 2021-04-22. Retrieved 2022-09-30.
^ "Housing Co-op List". Students for Cooperation. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
^ Creating a National Body of Student Housing Co-operatives
^ Feasibility Study for a National Body of Student Housing Co-ops
^ Hadfield, Miles (10 December 2019). "Student Co-op Homes extends share offer after passing £100k". Co-op News. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
^ "Student Co-op Homes: Co‑operative student housing that puts tenants in control". Co-operatives UK. 15 October 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2022.
^ "Confederation of Co-operative Housing". June 26, 2013.
^ "Housing co-op plans for students". March 3, 2004 – via news.bbc.co.uk.
^ "Home". BCL.
^ "College Houses". College Houses.
^ Dudley Coop
^ "Home". www.her-house.org.
^ "Kalamazoo Collective Housing". Kalamazoo Collective Housing.
^ "uksha.com - Domain Name For Sale". Dan.com.
^ "Cooperative Housing at University of Maryland". www.chum.coop.
^ "University of Minnesota Students Co-op".
^ "Riverton Community Housing | Minneapolis Co-Op Apartments". www.riverton.org.
^ "Minnesota Students' Cooperative - Living at MSC". sites.google.com.
^ "Students' Co-Op".
^ "penn haven". penn haven. August 11, 2013.
^ "Fraternity, Sorority and Cooperative Life - Purdue University". www.purdue.edu.
^ Santa Cruz Student Housing Co-ops
^ "Cooperative Houses | Stanford R&DE". rde.stanford.edu.
^ "Tri Co-ops".
^ "SCA Eugene – We Own It!". eugenesca.com.

[1] "About our Cooperative". MSU Student Housing Cooperative. Archived from the original on 2013-12-06.

[2] The Dean of Women By Lois Kimball Mathews Rosenberry

[3] "Harriet E. Richards Alumnae Association - About". her-house.org.

[4] "Mission & Founding". HER House.

[5] "About Us". Riverton Community Housing.

[6] "About Us". NASCO. 14 June 2021.

[7] "Committees". MSU Student Housing Cooperative. Archived from the original on 2014-01-02.

[8] "Workshift". Berkeley Student Cooperative.

[9] STUCCO Cooperative Ltd

[10] Canberra Student Housing Co-op

[11] ttps://www.ecoleproject.org ^{[bare URL]}

[12] "Campus Cooperative Residences – Co-operative Community-Based Housing for Students". campus.coop.

[13] "Guelph Campus Co-op - Housing". guelphcampus.coop.

[14] "Home". Kingston Student Housing.

[15] Assiniboia Community Housing Co‑operative

[16] Narvarte, Fanny (2021-08-19). "Bordeaux Agglo: des colocs moins chères pour les étudiants" (in French). ISSN 1760-6454. Retrieved 2022-09-30.

[17] "Facebook". www.facebook.com.

[18] Hadfield, Miles (24 July 2021). "Brighton-based student housing co-op secures first property". Co-op News. Retrieved 22 April 2022.

[19] "Housing co-operative proposed for Glasgow students - Scottish Housing News". www.scottishhousingnews.com. Archived from the original on 2017-05-06.

[20] "Home". Manchester Student Housing Co-operative. Retrieved 2022-04-10.

[21] "Student housing co-operative opens membership applications". Epigram. 2021-04-22. Retrieved 2022-09-30.

[22] "Housing Co-op List". Students for Cooperation. Retrieved 8 May 2014.

[23] Creating a National Body of Student Housing Co-operatives

[24] Feasibility Study for a National Body of Student Housing Co-ops

[25] Hadfield, Miles (10 December 2019). "Student Co-op Homes extends share offer after passing £100k". Co-op News. Retrieved 23 April 2022.

[26] "Student Co-op Homes: Co‑operative student housing that puts tenants in control". Co-operatives UK. 15 October 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2022.

[27] "Confederation of Co-operative Housing". June 26, 2013.

[28] "Housing co-op plans for students". March 3, 2004 – via news.bbc.co.uk.

[29] "Home". BCL.

[30] "College Houses". College Houses.

[31] Dudley Coop

[32] "Home". www.her-house.org.

[33] "Kalamazoo Collective Housing". Kalamazoo Collective Housing.

[34] "uksha.com - Domain Name For Sale". Dan.com.

[35] "Cooperative Housing at University of Maryland". www.chum.coop.

[36] "University of Minnesota Students Co-op".

[37] "Riverton Community Housing | Minneapolis Co-Op Apartments". www.riverton.org.

[38] "Minnesota Students' Cooperative - Living at MSC". sites.google.com.

[39] "Students' Co-Op".

[40] "penn haven". penn haven. August 11, 2013.

[41] "Fraternity, Sorority and Cooperative Life - Purdue University". www.purdue.edu.

[42] Santa Cruz Student Housing Co-ops

[43] "Cooperative Houses | Stanford R&DE". rde.stanford.edu.

[44] "Tri Co-ops".

[45] "SCA Eugene – We Own It!". eugenesca.com.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Nonprofit, communal and self-governing housing developments for enrollees at schools}}
-{{External links|date=September 2016}}
-A '''student housing cooperative''', also known as '''co-operative housing''', is a [[housing cooperative]] for [[student]] members. Members live in alternative cooperative housing that they personally own and maintain. These houses are specifically designed to lower housing costs while providing an educational and community environment for students to live and grow in. They are, in general, nonprofit, communal, and self-governing,<ref>{{cite web|title=About our Cooperative|url=http://www.msu.coop/about-our-cooperative|publisher=MSU Student Housing Cooperative|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206114824/http://msu.coop/about-our-cooperative|archive-date=2013-12-06|df=}}</ref> with students pooling their monetary and personal resources to create a community style home. Many student housing cooperatives share operation and governing of the house. As with most cooperatives, student housing coops follow the [[Rochdale Principles]] and promote collaboration and community work done by the members for mutual benefit.
+A '''student housing cooperative''', also known as '''co-operative housing''', is a [[housing cooperative]] for [[student]] members. Members live in alternative cooperative housing that they personally own and maintain. These houses are designed to lower housing costs while providing an educational and community environment for students to live and grow in. They are, in general, nonprofit, communal, and self-governing,<ref>{{cite web|title=About our Cooperative|url=http://www.msu.coop/about-our-cooperative|publisher=MSU Student Housing Cooperative|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131206114824/http://msu.coop/about-our-cooperative|archive-date=2013-12-06}}</ref> with students pooling their monetary and personal resources to create a community style home. Many student housing cooperatives share operation and governing of the house. As with most cooperatives, student housing coops follow the [[Rochdale Principles]] and promote collaboration and community work done by the members for mutual benefit.
 Most student housing coops in Canada and the United States are members of [[North American Students of Cooperation]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}
 ==History==
-Several of the earliest US student cooperatives (e.g. at [[Northwestern University]] and [[Wellesley College]]) had begun by at least 1915, for the purpose of housing female students.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=l9QAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA78&lpg=PA78&dq=northwestern+university+%5Cwomen%27s+cooperative&source=bl&ots=3yhd6yy8h1&sig=JMwDp46E00Rlxq0vCgrIZP8Sie4&hl=en&ei=QLomSvnuL4OqNZq8hIIF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3 ''The Dean of Women''] By [[Lois Kimball Mathews Rosenberry]]</ref> Most student housing cooperatives are formed to provide an alternative dorm for students who are unable to afford college due to housing costs. For example, the Harriet E. Richards House <ref>[http://www.her-house.org/about/mission Harriet E. Richards House]</ref> at [[Boston University]] (1928) was established to provide a cheap alternative to dorm life for women scholars.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mission & Founding|url=http://www.her-house.org/about/mission|publisher=HER House}}</ref> The [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]], amongst others, started during the [[Great Depression]] to help provide affordable food and housing for Berkeley students. Other early examples that started in the Depression years: the [[Cooperative Living Organization]] at the [[University of Florida]] in [[Gainesville, Florida]] founded in 1931 and the [[Michigan Socialist House]] at the [[University of Michigan]] in [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]] founded in 1932.
+Several of the earliest US student cooperatives (e.g. at [[Northwestern University]] and [[Wellesley College]]) had begun by at least 1915, for the purpose of housing female students.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=l9QAAAAAYAAJ&dq=northwestern+university+%5Cwomen%27s+cooperative&pg=PA78 ''The Dean of Women''] By [[Lois Kimball Mathews Rosenberry]]</ref> Most student housing cooperatives are formed to provide an alternative dorm for students who are unable to afford college due to housing costs. For example, the Harriet E. Richards House <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://her-house.org/about/mission|title=Harriet E. Richards Alumnae Association - About|website=her-house.org}}</ref> at [[Boston University]] (1928) was established to provide a cheap alternative to dorm life for women scholars.<ref>{{cite web|title=Mission & Founding|url=http://www.her-house.org/about/mission|publisher=HER House}}</ref> The [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]], amongst others, started during the [[Great Depression]] to help provide affordable food and housing for Berkeley students. Other early examples that started in the Depression years: the [[Cooperative Living Organization]] at the [[University of Florida]] in [[Gainesville, Florida]] founded in 1931 and the [[Michigan Socialist House]] at the [[University of Michigan]] in [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]] founded in 1932.
 Others were formed to provide a more inclusive and supportive environment for students. Many student housing cooperatives are focused around [[socialist]] principles or political activism ([[Michigan Cooperative House|Michigan Socialist House]]), [[veganism]] or [[vegetarianism]], racial or ethnic identity ([[Santa Barbara Student Housing Cooperative|Biko]]), or environmental concerns.
-Throughout the twentieth century, student housing cooperatives expanded, but some floundered. Many formed coalitions in the face of rising debt or bankruptcy.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://riverton.org/about/|publisher=Riverton Community Housing}}</ref> The North American Students of Cooperation ([[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]]) was formed in 1968 as a way to link existing cooperatives together while educating and improving cooperatives across North America.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://www.nasco.coop/development|publisher=NASCO}}</ref> Today, NASCO primarily serves as an association that promotes development and communication amongst coops and promotes communal living.
+Throughout the twentieth century, student housing cooperatives expanded, but some floundered. Many formed coalitions in the face of rising debt or bankruptcy.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|url=http://riverton.org/about/|publisher=Riverton Community Housing}}</ref> The North American Students of Cooperation ([[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]]) was formed in 1968 as a way to link existing cooperatives together while educating and improving cooperatives across North America.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us|date=14 June 2021 |url=http://www.nasco.coop/development|publisher=NASCO}}</ref> Today, NASCO primarily serves as an association that promotes development and communication amongst coops and promotes communal living.
-==Management of Student Housing Cooperatives==
+==Management==
-There is not a standard way of running a housing cooperative. Most student housing cooperative members have full voting privileges on issues such as rent, future members, and community activity and then maintain an elected board of committee members who oversee the running of the cooperative.<ref>{{cite web|title=Committees|url=http://www.msu.coop/committees-0|publisher=MSU Student Housing Cooperative|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102085835/http://msu.coop/committees-0|archive-date=2014-01-02|df=}}</ref> Many student housing cooperatives require work shifts that help lower the overall cost of living. These may include chores or cooking. Some coops award points to the type of chore and members are required to complete a certain number of points a week.<ref>{{cite web|title=Workshift|url=https://www.bsc.coop/housing/general-info-housing/workshift|publisher=Berkeley Student Cooperative}}</ref> All cooperatives expect members to contribute assistance throughout the year to keep the cooperative running smoothly and efficiently. It is up to the individual coops as to whether the members elect a board or committee to oversee the entire cooperative.
+There is not a standard way of running a housing cooperative. Most student housing cooperative members have full voting privileges on issues such as rent, future members, and community activity and then maintain an elected board of committee members who oversee the running of the cooperative.<ref>{{cite web|title=Committees|url=http://www.msu.coop/committees-0|publisher=MSU Student Housing Cooperative|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102085835/http://msu.coop/committees-0|archive-date=2014-01-02}}</ref> Many student housing cooperatives require work shifts that help lower the overall cost of living. These may include chores or cooking. Some coops award points to the type of chore and members are required to complete a certain number of points a week.<ref>{{cite web|title=Workshift|url=https://www.bsc.coop/housing/general-info-housing/workshift|publisher=Berkeley Student Cooperative}}</ref> All cooperatives expect members to contribute assistance throughout the year to keep the cooperative running smoothly and efficiently. It is up to the individual coops as to whether the members elect a board or committee to oversee the entire cooperative.
+==List==
-==Partial List of Student Housing Cooperatives==
+=== Australia ===
+Two student housing co-operatives are presently operating in Australia:
+* [[Stucco Co-operative|STUCCO Cooperative Ltd]]<ref>[http://www.stucco.org.au/ STUCCO Cooperative Ltd]</ref> in [[Newtown, New South Wales|Newtown]], [[Sydney]], founded in 1992
+* Canberra Student Housing Co-op <ref>[http://www.csh.coop/ Canberra Student Housing Co-op]</ref> in Canberra, founded in 2010
 ===Canada===
-Student co-operatives are situated in close proximity to colleges and universities. The second biggest student co-operative is Waterloo Co‑operative Residence Inc. in [[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]], [[Ontario]] with 800 resident members.
+Student co-operatives are situated in close proximity to colleges and universities. The biggest student housing co-operative in the world is Waterloo Co‑operative  Residence Inc. in [[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]], [[Ontario]] with 1300 resident members.
 The East Coast is represented by:
@@ Line 23: / Line 29: @@
 Central Canada is represented by:
-* Educational Community Living Environment (ECOLE) <ref>[http://www.ecoleproject.org]</ref> in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]
+* Educational Community Living Environment (ECOLE) <ref>http://www.ecoleproject.org {{Bare URL inline|date=August 2024}}</ref> in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]
 * Coopérative d'habitation étudiant Triangle Rose in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]]
-* Campus Co‑operative Residence Inc <ref>[http://www.campus.coop Campus Co‑operative Residence Inc.]</ref> in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]
+* Campus Co‑operative Residence Inc <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://campus.coop/|title=Campus Cooperative Residences – Co-operative Community-Based Housing for Students|website=campus.coop}}</ref> in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]
-*  Guelph Campus Co‑operative <ref>[http://www.guelphcampus.coop/housing Guelph Campus Co‑operative]</ref> in [[Guelph]], [[Ontario]]
+*  Guelph Campus Co‑operative <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://guelphcampus.coop/housing|title=Guelph Campus Co-op - Housing|website=guelphcampus.coop}}</ref> in [[Guelph]], [[Ontario]]
-* Waterloo Co‑operative Residence Inc. in [[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]], [[Ontario]]
+* [[Waterloo Co‑operative Residence Inc.]] in [[Waterloo, Ontario|Waterloo]], [[Ontario]]
-* Science ’44 <ref>[http://www.studenthousingkingston.ca Science ’44]</ref> in [[Kingston on|Kingston]], [[Ontario]]
+* Science ’44 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.studenthousingkingston.ca/|title=Home|website=Kingston Student Housing}}</ref> in [[Kingston on|Kingston]], [[Ontario]]
 The [[Western Canada|West Coast]] is represented by:
@@ Line 38: / Line 44: @@
 Many of the co-ops are members of [[Housing cooperative|The Cooperative Housing Federation of Canada]] and [[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]].
-===United Kingdom===
+=== France ===
+In France L’Association de Coopération pour le Logement des Etudiant·es de France (L'ACLEF), founded in 2015, exists to take on the management of empty properties to rent to students. L'ACLEF operates CoopColoc, housing students in Paris and [[Bordeaux]] alongside Campus & Toits in [[Toulouse]]. <ref>{{Cite news |last=Narvarte |first=Fanny |date=2021-08-19 |title=Bordeaux Agglo: des colocs moins chères pour les étudiants |language=fr-FR |url=https://www.sudouest.fr/economie/immobilier/bordeaux-agglo-des-colocs-moins-cheres-pour-les-etudiants-5202882.php |access-date=2022-09-30 |issn=1760-6454}}</ref>
-[[File:34 Wright's Houses, Edinburgh Student Housing Cooperative, front view with cherry picker.jpg|thumb|[[Edinburgh Student Housing Co-operative]] provides affordable, democratically run housing for its 106 members.]]
+=== Switzerland ===
-The [[Student Co-operative Dwellings]] was set up to stimulate greater opportunities for students to live in co-operatives.
+There is one operational student housing co-operative in Switzerland:
+* La Ciguë in Geneva, founded in 1986.
-There are three operational student housing co-operatives in the UK:
-*[[Edinburgh Student Housing Co-operative]]
-*[[Birmingham Student Housing Co-operative]] <ref>[https://www.facebook.com/pages/Birmingham-Student-Housing-Cooperative/136280973216761 Birmingham Student Housing Co-operative]</ref>
-*[[Sheffield Student Housing Co-operative]]
+===United Kingdom===
-There are also initiatives at various stages of development to establish Housing Co-operatives in: Brighton,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://seasalthousingcooperative.com/|title=Home|website=SEASALT Housing Co-operative|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref>
+[[File:Front view Edinburgh Student Housing Cooperative.JPG|alt=Photo of Edinburgh Student Housing Co-operative|thumb|[[Edinburgh Student Housing Co-operative]] houses 106 members]]
-Exeter,<ref>[http://exepose.com/2016/06/13/could-new-co-op-solve-exeters-student-housing-troubles Exeposé: Could new “co-op” solve Exeter’s student housing troubles?]</ref>
+There are four operational student housing co-operatives in the UK:
-Glasgow,<ref>[http://www.scottishhousingnews.com/15280/housing-co-operative-proposed-for-glasgow-students/]</ref> Leeds,<ref>[http://www.uk.coop/directory/leeds-student-housing-co-op Co-operatives UK Directory: Leeds Student Housing Cooperative]</ref> Newcastle{{citation needed|date=October 2016}}, Norwich <ref>[http://www.uk.coop/directory/norwich-student-housing-cooperative Co-operatives UK Directory: Norwich Student Housing Cooperative]</ref> and Nottingham.<ref>[http://www.impactnottingham.com/2015/10/housing-co-operative-referendum-why-you-should-vote-yes/ Impact Nottingham: Housing Co-operative Referendum? Why You Should Vote Yes.]</ref>
+*[[Edinburgh Student Housing Co-operative]] with 106 members, opened 2014
+*[[Birmingham Student Housing Co-operative]] with 9 members, opened 2014<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/BirminghamStudentHousingCoop/|title=Facebook|website=www.facebook.com}}</ref>
+*[[Sheffield Student Housing Co-operative]] with 5 members, opened 2015
+*SEASALT (South East Students Autonomously Living Together) in [[Brighton]] with 7 members, opened 2021 <ref>{{Cite news |last=Hadfield |first=Miles |date=24 July 2021 |title=Brighton-based student housing co-op secures first property |work=[[Co-op News]] |url=https://www.thenews.coop/155965/sector/housing/brighton-based-student-housing-co-op-secures-first-property/ |access-date=22 April 2022}}</ref>
+There are also initiatives at various stages of development to establish housing co-operatives in Glasgow,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scottishhousingnews.com/15280/housing-co-operative-proposed-for-glasgow-students/ |title=Housing co-operative proposed for Glasgow students - Scottish Housing News |website=www.scottishhousingnews.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506023557/http://www.scottishhousingnews.com/15280/housing-co-operative-proposed-for-glasgow-students/ |archive-date=2017-05-06}}</ref> Manchester<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://mash.coop/ |access-date=2022-04-10 |website=Manchester Student Housing Co-operative |language=en-GB}}</ref> and Bristol.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-22 |title=Student housing co-operative opens membership applications |url=https://epigram.org.uk/2021/04/22/student-housing-co-op-opens-membership-applications/ |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=Epigram}}</ref>
-All operating coops and initiatives are members of [[Students for Cooperation]], a UK wide federation of student co-operatives which includes a number of other groups across the UK working to establish student housing co-operatives.<ref>{{cite web|title=Housing Co-op List|url=http://www.students.coop/tag/housing-co-op-list/|publisher=Students for Cooperation|accessdate=8 May 2014}}</ref> Students for Cooperation have conducted a primary report and are seeking to establish a National Body of Student Housing Cooperatives (NBSHC) to help support and grow the UK student housing cooperative movement.<ref>[http://www.students.coop/creating-a-national-body-of-student-housing-co-operatives Creating a National Body of Student Housing Co-operatives]</ref><ref>[http://www.students.coop/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Feasibility-Study-for-a-National-Body-of-Student-Housing-Co-ops.pdf Feasibility Study for a National Body of Student Housing Co-ops]</ref>
+All operating coops and initiatives are members of [[Students for Cooperation]], a UK wide federation of student co-operatives which includes a number of other groups across the UK working to establish student housing co-operatives.<ref>{{cite web|title=Housing Co-op List|url=http://www.students.coop/tag/housing-co-op-list/|publisher=Students for Cooperation|access-date=8 May 2014}}</ref> Students for Cooperation commissioned a report on establishing a National Body of Student Housing Cooperatives (NBSHC) to help support and grow the UK student housing cooperative movement.<ref>[http://www.students.coop/creating-a-national-body-of-student-housing-co-operatives Creating a National Body of Student Housing Co-operatives]</ref><ref>[http://www.students.coop/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Feasibility-Study-for-a-National-Body-of-Student-Housing-Co-ops.pdf Feasibility Study for a National Body of Student Housing Co-ops]</ref> In 2018 this new body, Student Co-op Homes, was launched as a [[secondary co-operative]] for raising finances to buy property to lease to student housing co-operatives.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hadfield |first=Miles |date=10 December 2019 |title=Student Co-op Homes extends share offer after passing £100k |work=[[Co-op News]] |url=https://www.thenews.coop/144558/sector/housing/student-co-op-homes-extends-share-offer-after-passing-100k/ |access-date=23 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2021 |title=Student Co-op Homes: Co‑operative student housing that puts tenants in control |url=https://www.uk.coop/case-studies/co-operative-student-housing-puts-tenants-control-hive |access-date=22 April 2022 |website=[[Co-operatives UK]] |language=en}}</ref> The organisation has similarities to [[North American Students of Cooperation]].
-An unsuccessful plan to launch a student housing co-operative took place in 2004, when [[MMUnion]] partnered with the [[National Union of Students (United Kingdom)|National Union of Students]] and Confederation of Co-operative Housing <ref>[http://www.cch.coop Confederation of Co-operative Housing]</ref> to offer cheaper cooperatively owned alternatives to city housing for [[Manchester MetrConfederation of Co-operative Housingopolitan University]] students. The NUS plan unfortunately fell through as NUS management changed.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/3528445.stm ''Housing co-op plans for students'']</ref>
+An unsuccessful plan to launch a student housing co-operative took place in 2004, when [[MMUnion]] partnered with the [[National Union of Students (United Kingdom)|National Union of Students]] and Confederation of Co-operative Housing<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cch.coop/|title=Confederation of Co-operative Housing|date=June 26, 2013}}</ref> to offer cheaper cooperatively owned alternatives to city housing for [[Manchester Metropolitan University]] students. The NUS plan fell through as NUS management changed.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/manchester/3528445.stm|title=Housing co-op plans for students|date=March 3, 2004|via=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
 ===United States===
 Artist, student and community co-operatives are common in the San Francisco Bay Area. Many of these housing co-operatives are members of organizations such as [[North American Students of Cooperation|NASCO]].
-Currently, the biggest student co-op is the [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]], formerly known as the University Students Cooperative Association, in Berkeley, CA with 1300 students living in 17 houses and 3 apartment complexes. Other large-scale co-op systems include [[Student Housing Cooperative at Michigan State University|MSU Student Housing Cooperative]] of Michigan State University, the Inter-Cooperative Council at the University of Michigan,  and UCLA [http://www.uchaonline.com University Cooperative Housing Association] with 400+ students.
+Currently, the second biggest student housing co-op in the world is [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]], formerly known as the University Students Cooperative Association, in Berkeley, CA with 1250 students living in 17 houses and 3 apartment complexes. Other large-scale co-op systems include [[Student Housing Cooperative at Michigan State University|MSU Student Housing Cooperative]] of Michigan State University, the Inter-Cooperative Council at the University of Michigan, and UCLA [[University Cooperative Housing Association]] with 400+ students.
 Other examples of such cooperatives include:
 * [[Berkeley Student Cooperative]] in [[Berkeley, California]]
-* Bloomington Cooperative Living<ref>[http://bloomingtoncooperative.org/ Bloomington Cooperative Living]</ref> in [[Bloomington, Indiana]]
+* Bloomington Cooperative Living<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomingtoncooperative.org/|title=Home|website=BCL}}</ref> in [[Bloomington, Indiana]]
 * [[Brown Association for Cooperative Housing]] in [[Providence, Rhode Island]]
-* College Houses <ref>[http://www.collegehouses.org College Houses]</ref> (e.g. [[21st Street Co-op]]) and the [[University of Texas Inter-Cooperative Council|Inter-Cooperative Council]] at the [[University of Texas at Austin]]
+* College Houses <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://collegehouses.org/|title=College Houses|website=College Houses}}</ref> (e.g. [[21st Street Co-op]]) and the [[University of Texas Inter-Cooperative Council|Inter-Cooperative Council]] at the [[University of Texas at Austin]]
 * Dudley Co-op <ref>[https://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~dudcoop/ Dudley Coop]</ref> at [[Harvard University]]
 * Genesee Valley Cooperative in Geneseo, New York
-* Harriet E. Richards House<ref>[https://www.her-house.org]</ref> at Boston University, in Boston, Massachusetts.
+* Harriet E. Richards House<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.her-house.org/|title=Home|website=www.her-house.org}}</ref> at Boston University, in Boston, Massachusetts.
-* Kalamazoo Collective Housing <ref>[http://www.kalamazoo.coop Kalamazoo Collective Housing]</ref> in [[Kalamazoo, Michigan]]
+* Kalamazoo Collective Housing <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kalamazoo.coop/|title=Kalamazoo Collective Housing|website=Kalamazoo Collective Housing}}</ref> in [[Kalamazoo, Michigan]]
-* the University of Kansas Student Housing Association <ref>[http://www.UKSHA.com UKSHA (the University of Kansas Student Housing Association)]</ref> in Lawrence, Kansas
+* The University of Kansas Student Housing Association <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dan.com/buy-domain/uksha.com?redirected=true|title=uksha.com - Domain Name For Sale|website=Dan.com}}</ref> in Lawrence, Kansas
-* Cooperative Housing at the University of Maryland <ref>[http://chum.coop Cooperative Housing at the University of Maryland]</ref> in [[College Park, Maryland]]
+* Cooperative Housing at the University of Maryland <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chum.coop/|title=Cooperative Housing at University of Maryland|website=www.chum.coop}}</ref> in [[College Park, Maryland]]
 * [[Student Housing Cooperative at Michigan State University]]
-* University of Minnesota Students Co-op <ref>[http://www.housing.umn.edu/graduate/index.html University of Minnesota Students Co-op]</ref> and Riverton Community Housing <ref>[http://www.riverton.org Riverton Community Housing]</ref> in [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]]
+* University of Minnesota Students Co-op <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.housing.umn.edu/graduate/index.html|title=University of Minnesota Students Co-op}}</ref> and Riverton Community Housing <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.riverton.org/|title=Riverton Community Housing &#124; Minneapolis Co-Op Apartments|website=www.riverton.org}}</ref> in [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]]
-* Minnesota Students' Cooperative <ref>[https://sites.google.com/site/mnstudentscoop/living-at-msc Minnesota Students' Cooperative]</ref> in [[Saint Paul, MN]]
+* Minnesota Students' Cooperative <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/mnstudentscoop/living-at-msc|title=Minnesota Students' Cooperative - Living at MSC|website=sites.google.com}}</ref> in [[Saint Paul, MN]]
-* Students' Co-Op <ref>[http://www.studentscoop.org/info.php Students' Co-Op]</ref> at the [[University of Minnesota]]
+* Students' Co-Op <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.studentscoop.org/info.php|title=Students' Co-Op}}</ref> at the [[University of Minnesota]]
 * The [[Oberlin Student Cooperative Association]] at [[Oberlin College]]
-* Penn Haven Housing Cooperative <ref>[http://pennhaven.wordpress.com/ Penn Haven Housing Cooperative]</ref> at [[University of Pennsylvania]]
+* Penn Haven Housing Cooperative <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pennhaven.wordpress.com/|title=penn haven|date=August 11, 2013|website=penn haven}}</ref> at [[University of Pennsylvania]]
-* Cooperative Housing at Purdue <ref>[http://www.purduecooperatives.org Cooperative Housing at Purdue]</ref> at [[Purdue University]]
+* Cooperative Housing at Purdue <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.purdue.edu/fscl/|title=Fraternity, Sorority and Cooperative Life - Purdue University|website=www.purdue.edu}}</ref> at [[Purdue University]]
 * Qumbya in [[Chicago, Illinois]]
 * [[Santa Barbara Student Housing Cooperative]] in [[Santa Barbara, California]]
 * Santa Cruz Student Housing Co-ops <ref>[https://scruzwiki.org/Co-ops Santa Cruz Student Housing Co-ops]</ref> in [[Santa Cruz, California]]
-* Cooperative Houses <ref>[http://www.stanford.edu/dept/rde/cgi-bin/drupal/housing/housing/cooperative-houses Cooperative Houses]</ref> at [[Stanford University]]
+* Cooperative Houses <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://rde.stanford.edu/studenthousing/cooperative-houses|title=Cooperative Houses &#124; Stanford R&DE|website=rde.stanford.edu}}</ref> at [[Stanford University]]
 * [[Stewart Little (cooperative housing)]] in [[Ithaca, NY]]
-* The Tri Co-ops <ref>[http://www.housing.ucdavis.edu/housing/tri_cooperatives.asp Tri Co-ops]</ref> and [[Baggin's End/Domes]] in [[Davis, California]]
+* The Tri Co-ops <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.housing.ucdavis.edu/housing/tri_cooperatives.asp|title=Tri Co-ops}}</ref> and [[Baggin's End/Domes]] in [[Davis, California]]
 * [[Two Dickinson Street Co-op]] in [[Princeton, New Jersey]].
 * [[University Cooperative Housing Association]] at [[UCLA]]
 * [[Inter-Cooperative Council at the University of Michigan]]
 * [[Community of Urbana Champaign Cooperative Housing]] in [[Urbana, Illinois]]
-* Students' Cooperative Association <ref>[https://eugenesca.com/]</ref> in [[Eugene, Oregon]]
+* Students' Cooperative Association <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eugenesca.com/|title=SCA Eugene – We Own It!|website=eugenesca.com}}</ref> in [[Eugene, Oregon]]
+*The [[Cooperative Living Organization]] in [[Gainesville, Florida]]
+*Helyar House at [[Rutgers University|Rutgers University in New Brunswick, NJ]]
-===Australia===
-Three student housing cooperatives are presently operating in Australia.
-* STUCCO Cooperative Ltd <ref>[http://www.stucco.org.au/ STUCCO Cooperative Ltd]</ref> in Newtown, founded in 1982
-* Canberra Student Housing Co-op <ref>[http://www.csh.coop/ Canberra Student Housing Co-op]</ref> in Canberra, founded in 2010
-* [[Bareport]] in Melbourne, founded in 2014<ref>[http://bareport.coop ''Bareport Housing Co-operative''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904231811/http://bareport.coop/ |date=2014-09-04 }}</ref>
 ==References==