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Duddeston is an inner-city area of the Nechells ward of central Birmingham, England. It was part of the Birmingham Duddeston constituency until that ceased to exist in 1950.

Etymology

The name Duddeston comes from Dud's Town, with Dud being the Saxon proprietor, Lord of Dudley who probably had a seat in Duddeston.^[1]

History

Duddeston is first mentioned in a charter granted to Wulfget the Thane by Eadgar, King of the Angles in 963. There is no mention of Duddeston for another 200 years until it said that the Holte family were the residents of Duddeston Manor, a large house located next to the River Rea. This had been purchased by the family in 1365 by the family who also owned the manor of Nechells and were related to a prominent family in Erdington. Their wealth of land expanded two years later when the manor of Aston was bestowed upon them.

One hundred years later, Thomas Holte became the Chief Justice of Wales and a close friend of King Henry VIII. In 1546, Thomas died and Duddeston Hall was a sign of his wealth. His grandson, also called Thomas Holte, supplied a small army in defending Ireland and for this he was knighted. He commissioned the construction of Aston Hall soon after.

During the 18th century, many adverts for cock fighting at the hall appeared^[2] and in many, the name Vauxhall appeared. The first use of the name Vauxhall was in 1751 and was spelt Vaux Hall. It was referred to as another name for the hall. It is also known that the building had been refurbished, possibly rebuilt, to accommodate travellers. Large gardens had also been created and it became an attraction for the city. Travelling there was made easier with the opening of Duddeston and Vauxhall railway station. However, the owners of the hall ran into financial difficulty and the last celebrations in the gardens were held in September 1850, before the gardens were removed. Houses were built on site.

During the Priestly Riots of 1791, the military established Duddeston Barracks in the area. The barracks remained until 1932, when they were demolished by the Birmingham Corporation for the construction of maisonettes.^[3]

After sustaining heavy damage during World War II bombing raids, as a result of its close proximity to targets such as factories and gas works, the area was named as one of five regeneration areas of the city with 267 acres (1.08 km²) of land in Duddeston and the adjoining Nechells prepared for redevelopment under the Housing Act of 1936.^[4] After World War II, the city council compulsorily purchased 267 acres (108 ha) of land.^[5] This was the first redevelopment area proposed by Herbert Manzoni and was approved in 1950. The area was cleared and rebuilt in the 1950s and 1960s, erasing the nineteenth century structures. Four tower blocks, the first to be built in the city,^[6] and collectively known as the Duddeston Four, the 12-storey High, Queens, Home and South Towers, were all completed between 1954 and 1955. The design by SN Cooke and Partners consists of a stretched X-shaped footprint, with brick cladding on a steel-frame. Porthole-shaped windows overlook grassed areas. The design was expensive and upon their completion, they were criticised by the council over their cost, despite receiving positive reviews from the "Municipal Journal" and "Architectural Review".^[6] In the 1990s, the blocks were refurbished and a new security system was installed, while other multi-storey tower blocks in the area were demolished and replaced by low-rise housing, continuing the theme of low-rise housing in the area which began in the 1970s.^[7]

Notable people

Samuel "John" Galton Jr. FRS, (1753–1832), was born in Duddeston.
William Amey VC MM, (1881–1940), recipient of the Victoria Cross in World War I, was born in Duddeston.^[8]

Reggae band, Musical Youth

Transport

Duddeston railway station is served by trains on the Cross-City Line and the Walsall Line.

References

^ Hutton, William (1836). The History of Birmingham.
^ Sport in the Olden Time (History of Cockfighting Series), Gilbey, Bart., Sir Walter, 2005, Read Country Books (ISBN 1905124635)
^ "The Ashcroft Estate". William Dargue. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
^ New Towns for Old: The Technique of Urban Renewal, Wilfred Burns, 1963, L. Hill
^ Higgot, Andrew (12 August 2005). Deckker, Thomas (ed.). Modern City Revisited. Taylor & Francis. pp. 154–155. ISBN 978-1-135-80250-9.
^ ^a ^b Bigger is Better? Local authority housing and the strange attraction of high-rise, 1945-70, Phil Jones - Urban Morphology Research Group, University of Birmingham, 2002 (Accessed 28 April 2007)
^ "Echeles: first record c1180; Nechells 1339". William Dargue. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
^ "William Amey". warwickfusiliers.co.uk. Retrieved 18 November 2011.

Vauxhall Gardens history

52°29′21″N 1°52′57″W / 52.4891°N 1.8826°W / 52.4891; -1.8826

[1] Hutton, William (1836). The History of Birmingham.

[2] Sport in the Olden Time (History of Cockfighting Series), Gilbey, Bart., Sir Walter, 2005, Read Country Books (ISBN 1905124635)

[3] "The Ashcroft Estate". William Dargue. Retrieved 9 October 2016.

[4] New Towns for Old: The Technique of Urban Renewal, Wilfred Burns, 1963, L. Hill

[5] Higgot, Andrew (12 August 2005). Deckker, Thomas (ed.). Modern City Revisited. Taylor & Francis. pp. 154–155. ISBN 978-1-135-80250-9.

[Biggerbetter-6] Bigger is Better? Local authority housing and the strange attraction of high-rise, 1945-70, Phil Jones - Urban Morphology Research Group, University of Birmingham, 2002 (Accessed 28 April 2007)

[7] "Echeles: first record c1180; Nechells 1339". William Dargue. Retrieved 9 October 2016.

[8] "William Amey". warwickfusiliers.co.uk. Retrieved 18 November 2011.

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+{{Short description|Inner-city area of the Nechells ward of Birmingham, England}}
-'''Duddeston''' is an inner-city area of [[Birmingham]], [[England]] in the ward of [[Nechells]]. It was part of the [[Birmingham Duddeston (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham Duddeston constituency]] until it ceased to exist in [[1950]].
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
+'''Duddeston''' is an inner-city area of the [[Nechells]] ward of central [[Birmingham]], [[England]]. It was part of the [[Birmingham Duddeston (UK Parliament constituency)|Birmingham Duddeston constituency]] until that ceased to exist in 1950.
 ==Etymology==
-Duddeston comes from Dud's Town with Dud being the Saxon proprietor, [[Lord of Dudley]] who probably had a seat in Duddeston<ref>''The History of Birmingham'', William Hutton, 1836, J. Guest</ref>. It was speculated that Duddeston came from Dudda's tun but nothing is known of Dudda.
+The name ''Duddeston'' comes from ''Dud's Town'', with Dud being the Saxon proprietor, [[Lord of Dudley]] who probably had a seat in Duddeston.<ref>{{cite book|last=Hutton|first=William |title=The History of Birmingham|url=https://archive.org/details/historybirmingh00huttgoog|year=1836}}</ref>
 ==History==
+[[File:Duddeston Barracks.jpg|thumb|Duddeston Barracks circa 1900]]
-Duddeston is first mentioned in a charter granted to [[Wulfget the Thane]] by Eadgar, [[King of the Angles]] in [[963]]. There is no mention of Duddeston for another 200 years until it said that the Holte family were the residents of Duddeston Manor, a large house located next to the [[River Rea]]. This had been purchased by the family in [[1365]] by the family who also owned the manor of Nechells and were related to a prominent family in [[Erdington]]. Their wealth of land expanded two years later when the manor of [[Aston]] was bestowed upon them.
+Duddeston is first mentioned in a charter granted to [[Wulfget the Thane]] by Eadgar, [[King of the Angles]] in 963. There is no mention of Duddeston for another 200 years until it said that the Holte family were the residents of Duddeston Manor, a large house located next to the [[River Rea]]. This had been purchased by the family in 1365 by the family who also owned the manor of Nechells and were related to a prominent family in [[Erdington]]. Their wealth of land expanded two years later when the manor of [[Aston]] was bestowed upon them.
-years later, Thomas Holte became the [[Chief Justice of Wales]] and a close friend of [[King Henry VIII]]. In [[1546]], Thomas died and Duddeston Hall was a sign of his wealth. His grandson, also called [[Thomas Holte]], supplied a small army in defending [[Ireland]] and for this he was knighted. He commissioned the construction of [[Aston Hall]] soon after.
+One hundred years later, Thomas Holte became the [[Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales|Chief Justice of Wales]] and a close friend of [[Henry VIII of England|King Henry VIII]]. In 1546, Thomas died and Duddeston Hall was a sign of his wealth. His grandson, also called [[Thomas Holte]], supplied a small army in defending [[Ireland]] and for this he was knighted. He commissioned the construction of [[Aston Hall]] soon after.
-During the [[1700s]], many adverts for cock fighting at the hall appeared<ref>''Sport in the Olden Time (History of Cockfighting Series)'', Gilbey, Bart., Sir Walter, 2005, Read Country Books (ISBN 1905124635)</ref> and in many, the name Vauxhall appeared. The first use of the name Vauxhall was in [[1751]] and was spelt Vaux Hall. It was referred to as another name for the hall. It is also known that the building had been refurbished, possibly rebuilt, to accommodate travellers. Large gardens had also been created and it became an attraction for the city. Travelling there was made easier with the opening of [[Duddeston railway station|Duddeston and Vauxhall railway station]]. However, the owners of the hall ran into financial difficulty and the last celebrations in the gardens were held in September 1850, before the gardens were removed. Houses were built on site.
+During the 18th century, many adverts for [[cock fighting]] at the hall appeared<ref>''Sport in the Olden Time (History of Cockfighting Series)'', Gilbey, Bart., Sir Walter, 2005, Read Country Books ({{ISBN|1905124635}})</ref> and in many, the name Vauxhall appeared. The first use of the name Vauxhall was in 1751 and was spelt Vaux Hall. It was referred to as another name for the hall. It is also known that the building had been refurbished, possibly rebuilt, to accommodate travellers. Large gardens had also been created and it became an attraction for the city. Travelling there was made easier with the opening of [[Duddeston railway station|Duddeston and Vauxhall railway station]]. However, the owners of the hall ran into financial difficulty and the last celebrations in the gardens were held in September 1850, before the gardens were removed. Houses were built on site.
-During the Priestly Riots of 1791, the military established a barracks on the grounds. The barracks remained until [[1932]], when they were demolished by the Birmingham Corporation for the construction of maisonettes.
+During the Priestly Riots of 1791, the military established [[Duddeston Barracks]] in the area. The barracks remained until 1932, when they were demolished by the Birmingham Corporation for the construction of maisonettes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://billdargue.jimdo.com/placenames-gazetteer-a-to-y/places-a/the-ashcroft-estate/|title=The Ashcroft Estate|publisher=William Dargue|access-date=9 October 2016}}</ref>
-After sustaining heavy damage during [[World War II]] bombing raids, as a result of its close proximity to targets such as factories and gas works, the area was named as one of five regeneration areas of the city with 267 acres of land in Duddeston and the adjoining [[Nechells]] prepared for redevelopment under the [[Housing Act of 1936]]<ref>''New Towns for Old: The Technique of Urban Renewal'', Wilfred Burns, 1963, L. Hill</ref>. Most of the area was rebuilt in the [[1950s]] and [[1960s]]. This began with the construction of four tower blocks, which were the first tower blocks in the city<ref name="Biggerbetter">''[http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/cpp/membersfiles/phil/biggerbetter.pdf Bigger is Better? Local authority housing and the strange attraction of high-rise, 1945-70]'', Phil Jones - Urban Morphology Research Group, [[University of Birmingham]], 2002 (Accessed 28 April 2007)</ref>. Collectively known as the Duddeston Four, the 12-storey High, Queens, Home and South Towers, were all completed between [[1954]] and [[1955]] to a design by SN Cooke and Partners. They consist of a stretched X-shaped footprint and have brick cladding with [[porthole]] shaped windows. The design was expensive and upon their completion, they were criticised by the council over their cost, despite received positive reviews from the "''Municipal Journal''" and "''Architectural Review''"<ref name="Biggerbetter">''[http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/cpp/membersfiles/phil/biggerbetter.pdf Bigger is Better? Local authority housing and the strange attraction of high-rise, 1945-70]'', Phil Jones - Urban Morphology Research Group, [[University of Birmingham]], 2002 (Accessed 28 April 2007)</ref>. In the 1990s, they were refurbished and a new security system was installed.
+After sustaining heavy damage during [[World War II]] bombing raids, as a result of its close proximity to targets such as factories and gas works, the area was named as one of five regeneration areas of the city with {{convert|267|acre|km2}} of land in Duddeston and the adjoining [[Nechells]] prepared for redevelopment under the [[Housing Act of 1936]].<ref>''New Towns for Old: The Technique of Urban Renewal'', Wilfred Burns, 1963, L. Hill</ref> After World War II, the city council compulsorily purchased {{Convert|267|acre|ha}} of land.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Higgot |first=Andrew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oGN4AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA160 |title=Modern City Revisited |date=2005-08-12 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-135-80250-9 |editor-last=Deckker |editor-first=Thomas |pages=154–155 |language=en}}</ref> This was the first redevelopment area proposed by [[Herbert Manzoni]] and was approved in 1950. The area was cleared and rebuilt in the 1950s and 1960s, erasing the nineteenth century structures. Four tower blocks, the first to be built in the city,<ref name="Biggerbetter">''[http://www.gees.bham.ac.uk/research/cpp/membersfiles/phil/biggerbetter.pdf Bigger is Better? Local authority housing and the strange attraction of high-rise, 1945-70]'', Phil Jones - Urban Morphology Research Group, [[University of Birmingham]], 2002 (Accessed 28 April 2007)</ref> and collectively known as the Duddeston Four, the 12-storey High, Queens, Home and South Towers, were all completed between 1954 and 1955. The design by SN Cooke and Partners consists of a stretched X-shaped footprint, with brick cladding on a steel-frame. [[Porthole]]-shaped windows overlook grassed areas. The design was expensive and upon their completion, they were criticised by the council over their cost, despite receiving positive reviews from the "''Municipal Journal''" and "''Architectural Review''".<ref name="Biggerbetter" /> In the 1990s, the blocks were refurbished and a new security system was installed, while other multi-storey tower blocks in the area were demolished and replaced by low-rise housing, continuing the theme of low-rise housing in the area which began in the 1970s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://billdargue.jimdo.com/placenames-gazetteer-a-to-y/places-n/nechells/|title=Echeles: first record c1180; Nechells 1339|publisher=William Dargue|access-date=9 October 2016}}</ref>
+===Notable people===
+*[[Samuel Galton, Jr.|Samuel "John" Galton Jr.]] [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]], (1753–1832), was born in Duddeston.
+* [[William Amey]] [[Victoria Cross|VC]] [[Military Medal|MM]], (1881–1940), recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]] in [[World War I]],  was born in Duddeston.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.warwickfusiliers.co.uk/pages/pg-58-corporal_william_amey_vc_mm/ |title=William Amey |publisher=warwickfusiliers.co.uk |access-date=2011-11-18}}</ref>
+Reggae band, [[Musical Youth]]
 ==Transport==
-[[Duddeston railway station]] is served by trains on the [[Birmingham Cross-City Line]] and the [[Walsall Line]].
+[[Duddeston railway station]] is served by trains on the [[Cross-City Line]] and the [[Walsall Line]].
 ==References==
+{{Reflist}}
-<references />
-*[http://www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk/Birmingham.html Vauxhall Gardens history]
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070225100755/http://www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk/Birmingham.html Vauxhall Gardens history]
+{{coord|52.4891|-1.8826|region:GB-BIR||display=title}}
-[[Category:Areas of Birmingham, England]]
+[[Category:Areas of Birmingham, West Midlands]]