Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Automotive diagrams 01 En.png|thumb|upright=1.25|FR layout]] |
[[File:Automotive diagrams 01 En.png|thumb|upright=1.25|FR layout]] |
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A '''front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout''' '''(FR)''' is an [[automotive design]] with an engine in front |
A '''front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout''' '''(FR)''', also called '''Systeme Panhard'''<ref name="R-MH">{{cite web |title=The Nostalgia of Forgotten Gods: Panhard & Levassor, France, 1886-1967 |url=https://roarington.com/media-house/stories/the-nostalgia-of-forgotten-gods-panhard-and-levassor-france-1886-1967 |website=Roarington |access-date=26 August 2024 |language=en}}</ref> is an [[automotive design]] with an engine in front and [[rear-wheel-drive]], connected via a [[drive shaft]]. This arrangement, with the engine straddling the front axle, was the traditional automobile layout for most of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339|title=Development of a New Hybrid Transmission for RWD Car|publisher=www.sae.org|access-date=2008-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207074723/http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-1339|archive-date=2009-02-07|url-status=dead}}</ref> It is also used in trucks, pickups, and [[high-floor]] [[bus]]es and [[school bus]]es. |
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The FR layout was largely displaced in the late 20th century by the [[front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout|front-engine, front-wheel-drive]] (FF) and [[all-wheel drive]] (AWD) layouts. |
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layout, the engine is located behind the front axle]] |
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| ⚫ | A '''front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout''' '''(FMR)''' places the engine in the front half of the vehicle but ''behind'' the front axle, which likewise drives the rear wheels via a driveshaft. Shifting the engine's [[center of mass]] rearward aids in front/rear [[weight distribution]] and reduces the [[moment of inertia]], both of which improve a vehicle's [[car handling|handling]].{{citation needed span|While the mechanical layout of an FMR is substantially the same as an FR car, the classification of some models of the same vehicle may vary as either FR or FMR depending on the length of the engine (e.g. 4-cylinder vs. 6-cylinder) and its center of mass in relation to the front axle.|reason=It is a boldface potentially contentious claim without any support.|date=January 2023}} |
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{{anchor|FMR layout}} |
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| ⚫ | A '''front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout''' '''(FMR)''' places the engine in the front of the vehicle but ''behind'' the front axle, which likewise drives the rear wheels via a driveshaft. Shifting the engine's [[center of mass]] rearward aids in front/rear [[weight distribution]] and reduces the [[moment of inertia]], both of which improve a vehicle's [[car handling|handling]]. |
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FMR cars are often characterized by a long hood and front wheels that are pushed forward to the corners of the vehicle, close to the front bumper. [[2+2 (car body style)|2+2]]-style [[grand tourer]]s often have FMR layouts, as a rear engine does not leave much space for rear seats. |
FMR cars are often characterized by a long hood and front wheels that are pushed forward to the corners of the vehicle, close to the front bumper. [[2+2 (car body style)|2+2]]-style [[grand tourer]]s often have FMR layouts, as a rear engine does not leave much space for rear seats. |
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==Gallery== |
==Gallery== |
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<gallery> |
<gallery> |
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File:1968 AMC AMX yellow 390 auto md-er.jpg|The 390 |
File:1968 AMC AMX yellow 390 auto md-er.jpg|The 390 cid V8 engine in a FR 1968 [[AMC AMX]] functionally straddles its front axle, with the centerline of the shock towers basically bisecting the center of the air cleaner |
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E-Type Jag 4.2-litre engine 2022.jpg|The straight-6 DOHC [[Jaguar XK engine|XK engine]] clearly sits behind the front axle of an FMR [[Jaguar E-Type]] |
E-Type Jag 4.2-litre engine 2022.jpg|The straight-6 DOHC [[Jaguar XK engine|XK engine]] clearly sits behind the front axle of an FMR [[Jaguar E-Type]] |
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GMLT5.JPG|All [[Chevrolet Corvette]] from the second |
GMLT5.JPG|All [[Chevrolet Corvette]] from the second through the seventh generation are FMR. Only ancillary aspects of this [[Chevrolet Corvette (C4)|Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1's]] engine may lie above the front axle. |
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Dodge Viper Motorraum.JPG|An FMR [[Dodge Viper]] showing its 8. |
Dodge Viper Motorraum.JPG|An FMR [[Dodge Viper]] showing its 8.4 L V10 positioned behind the car’s front axle |
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F_599_007.JPG|The [[Ferrari F140 engine|F140 C]] V12 engine sitting behind the [[Ferrari 599]]'s front axle. |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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== |
==See also== |
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*[[Weissach axle]] |
*[[Weissach axle]] |
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== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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Latest revision as of 08:45, 26 August 2024
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A front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FR), also called Systeme Panhard[1] is an automotive design with an engine in front and rear-wheel-drive, connected via a drive shaft. This arrangement, with the engine straddling the front axle, was the traditional automobile layout for most of the 20th century.[2] It is also used in trucks, pickups, and high-floor buses and school buses.
Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout
[edit]
A front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FMR) places the engine in the front half of the vehicle but behind the front axle, which likewise drives the rear wheels via a driveshaft. Shifting the engine's center of mass rearward aids in front/rear weight distribution and reduces the moment of inertia, both of which improve a vehicle's handling.While the mechanical layout of an FMR is substantially the same as an FR car, the classification of some models of the same vehicle may vary as either FR or FMR depending on the length of the engine (e.g. 4-cylinder vs. 6-cylinder) and its center of mass in relation to the front axle.[citation needed]
FMR cars are often characterized by a long hood and front wheels that are pushed forward to the corners of the vehicle, close to the front bumper. 2+2-style grand tourers often have FMR layouts, as a rear engine does not leave much space for rear seats.
Gallery
[edit]-
The 390 cid V8 engine in a FR 1968 AMC AMX functionally straddles its front axle, with the centerline of the shock towers basically bisecting the center of the air cleaner -
The straight-6 DOHC XK engine clearly sits behind the front axle of an FMR Jaguar E-Type -
All Chevrolet Corvette from the second through the seventh generation are FMR. Only ancillary aspects of this Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1's engine may lie above the front axle. -
An FMR Dodge Viper showing its 8.4 L V10 positioned behind the car’s front axle -
The F140 C V12 engine sitting behind the Ferrari 599's front axle.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "The Nostalgia of Forgotten Gods: Panhard & Levassor, France, 1886-1967". Roarington. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
- ^ "Development of a New Hybrid Transmission for RWD Car". www.sae.org. Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2008-01-11.