List of geographic centers of the United States: Difference between revisions
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This is a list of [[Geographical centre|geographic centers]] of each [[U.S. state]] and inhabited [[Territories of the United States|territory]]. The [[geographic center of the United States]] is northeast of [[Belle Fourche, South Dakota|Belle Fourche]] in [[Butte County, South Dakota]] {{coord|44|58|N|103|46|W|region:US-SD_type:landmark|display=inline,title}},<ref name="USGSJune2019"/> while that of the [[Geographic center of the contiguous United States|contiguous 48 states]] is near [[Lebanon, Kansas|Lebanon]] in [[Smith County, Kansas]] {{coord|39|50|N|98|35|W|region:US-KS_type:landmark|name=Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States}}.<ref name="USGSJune2019"/> The geographic center of [[North America]] lies near [[Rugby, North Dakota]] {{coord|48|10|N|100|10|W|region:US-ND_type:city|display=inline}}, though this designation has no official status.<ref name="USGSJune2019"/> In 2017, a new calculation of the geographic center of North America placed it near the town of [[Center, North Dakota]].<ref>https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-calculations-reposition-geographical-center-north-america-1-180961932/ Smithsonian.com. ''New Calculations Reposition the Geographical Center of North America.'' Jason Daley. January 30, 2017. Retrieved June 2019.</ref> |
This is a list of [[Geographical centre|geographic centers]] of each [[U.S. state]] and inhabited [[Territories of the United States|territory]]. The [[geographic center of the United States]] is northeast of [[Belle Fourche, South Dakota|Belle Fourche]] in [[Butte County, South Dakota]] ({{coord|44|58|N|103|46|W|region:US-SD_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}),<ref name="USGSJune2019"/> while that of the [[Geographic center of the contiguous United States|contiguous 48 states]] is near [[Lebanon, Kansas|Lebanon]] in [[Smith County, Kansas]] ({{coord|39|50|N|98|35|W|region:US-KS_type:landmark|name=Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States}}).<ref name="USGSJune2019"/> The geographic center of [[North America]] lies near [[Rugby, North Dakota]] ({{coord|48|10|N|100|10|W|region:US-ND_type:city|display=inline}}), though this designation has no official status.<ref name="USGSJune2019"/> In 2017, a new calculation of the geographic center of North America placed it near the town of [[Center, North Dakota]].<ref>https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-calculations-reposition-geographical-center-north-america-1-180961932/ Smithsonian.com. ''New Calculations Reposition the Geographical Center of North America.'' Jason Daley. January 30, 2017. Retrieved June 2019.</ref> |
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==Historic list of geographic centers== |
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==Geographic centers of the states and the District of Columbia== |
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The list given below has been only slightly modified since it was first produced by the [[United States Geological Survey|U.S. Geological Survey]] (USGS) in the early 1920s.<ref>Douglas, E.M. 1923. Boundaries, Areas, Geographic Centers, and Altitudes of the United States and Several States. Bulletin 689. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.</ref> At that time, the center for a state was found by suspending a cardboard cutout of the state by a string, and then drawing a vertical line from the suspension point. After rotating the cutout 90 degrees and drawing another vertical line from the new suspension point, the intersection of the two vertical lines was used as the geographic center.<ref>Adams, Oscar, S. 1932. Geographical Centers. The Military Engineer 24, 138: 586-587.</ref> The result is dependent upon the type of projection used. |
The list given below has been only slightly modified since it was first produced by the [[United States Geological Survey|U.S. Geological Survey]] (USGS) in the early 1920s.<ref>Douglas, E.M. 1923. Boundaries, Areas, Geographic Centers, and Altitudes of the United States and Several States. Bulletin 689. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.</ref> At that time, the center for a state was found by suspending a cardboard cutout of the state by a string, and then drawing a vertical line from the suspension point. After rotating the cutout 90 degrees and drawing another vertical line from the new suspension point, the intersection of the two vertical lines was used as the geographic center.<ref>[[Oscar S. Adams|Adams, Oscar, S.]] 1932. Geographical Centers. The Military Engineer 24, 138: 586-587.</ref> The result is dependent upon the type of projection used. |
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| {{flag|Alaska}} || [[Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska|Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area]] || [[Tanana, Alaska|Tanana]] || {{coord|64|43|54|N|152|28|12|W|region:US-AK |name=Center of Alaska}} |
| {{flag|Alaska}} || [[Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska|Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area]] || [[Tanana, Alaska|Tanana]] || {{coord|64|43|54|N|152|28|12|W|region:US-AK |name=Center of Alaska}} |
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| {{flag|Arizona}} || [[Yavapai County, Arizona|Yavapai County]] || [[Camp Verde]]|| {{coord|34|34|00|N|111|51|22|W|region:US-AZ|name=State of Arizona}} |
| {{flag|Arizona}} || [[Yavapai County, Arizona|Yavapai County]] || [[Camp Verde, Arizona|Camp Verde]]|| {{coord|34|34|00|N|111|51|22|W|region:US-AZ|name=State of Arizona}} |
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| {{flag|Arkansas}} || [[ |
| {{flag|Arkansas}} || [[Saline County, Arkansas|Saline County]] || [[Bryant, Arkansas|Bryant]] ||{{coord|34.6358|-92.4783|name=Geographic Center of Arkansas Marker}} |
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| {{flag|California}} || [[Madera County, California|Madera County]] || [[North Fork, California#Geographic center of California|North Fork]] || {{nowrap|{{coord|37|9|58|N|119|26|58|W| region:US-CA_source:enwiki | name=Center of California}}}} |
| {{flag|California}} || [[Madera County, California|Madera County]] || [[North Fork, California#Geographic center of California|North Fork]] || {{nowrap|{{coord|37|9|58|N|119|26|58|W| region:US-CA_source:enwiki | name=Center of California}}}} |
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| {{flag|Florida}} || [[Hernando County, Florida|Hernando County]] || {{convert|12|mi|abbr=on}} north-northwest of [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]] || {{Coord|28|40|53|N|82|27|36|W|region:US-FL|name=approximate center of Florida}} |
| {{flag|Florida}} || [[Hernando County, Florida|Hernando County]] || {{convert|12|mi|abbr=on}} north-northwest of [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]] || {{Coord|28|40|53|N|82|27|36|W|region:US-FL|name=approximate center of Florida}} |
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| {{flagicon|Georgia (U.S. state)}} [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] || [[Twiggs County, Georgia|Twiggs County]] || {{convert|18|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]] ||{{Coord|32|39|43.6|N|83|26|17.9|W|region:US-GA|name=approximate center of Georgia}} |
| {{flagicon|Georgia (U.S. state)}} [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] || [[Twiggs County, Georgia|Twiggs County]] || {{convert|18|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]] ||{{Coord|32|39|43.6|N|83|26|17.9|W|region:US-GA|name=approximate center of Georgia}}<ref>A marker, dated 1981, at a nearby road intersection states: "The Geologic Survey Branch of the Department of Natural Resources determined the central point to be at latitude 32° 38' 46" N., longitude 83° 25' 54" W."</ref> |
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| {{flag|Hawaii}} || [[Maui County, Hawaii|Maui County]] || off-shore southwest of [[Molokai]] and west of [[Lanai]] || |
| {{flag|Hawaii}} || [[Maui County, Hawaii|Maui County]] || off-shore southwest of [[Molokai]] and west of [[Lanai]] || |
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| {{flag|Kansas}} || [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]] || {{convert|15|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Great Bend, Kansas|Great Bend]] || |
| {{flag|Kansas}} || [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]] || {{convert|15|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Great Bend, Kansas|Great Bend]] || |
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| {{flag|Kentucky}} || [[ |
| {{flag|Kentucky}} || [[Marion County, Kentucky|Marion County]] || {{convert|3|mi|abbr=on}} north-northwest of [[Lebanon, Kentucky|Lebanon]] || |
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| {{flag|Louisiana}} || [[Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana|Avoyelles Parish]] || {{convert|3|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Marksville, Louisiana|Marksville]] || |
| {{flag|Louisiana}} || [[Avoyelles Parish, Louisiana|Avoyelles Parish]] || {{convert|3|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Marksville, Louisiana|Marksville]] || |
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| {{flag|Mississippi}} || [[Leake County, Mississippi|Leake County]] || {{convert|9|mi|abbr=on}} west-northwest of [[Carthage, Mississippi|Carthage]] || |
| {{flag|Mississippi}} || [[Leake County, Mississippi|Leake County]] || {{convert|9|mi|abbr=on}} west-northwest of [[Carthage, Mississippi|Carthage]] || |
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| {{flag|Missouri}} || [[Miller County, Missouri|Miller County]] || {{convert|20|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Jefferson City, Missouri|Jefferson City]] || |
| {{flag|Missouri}} || [[Miller County, Missouri|Miller County]] || {{convert|20|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Jefferson City, Missouri|Jefferson City]] || {{nowrap|{{coord|38|29|7|N|91|22|51|W| region:US-MO_source:enwiki | name=Center of Missouri}}}} |
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| {{flag|Montana}} || [[Fergus County, Montana|Fergus County]] || {{convert|11|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Lewistown, Montana|Lewistown]] || {{coord|47|03|52|N|109|40|01|W|region:US-MT|name=State of Montana}} |
| {{flag|Montana}} || [[Fergus County, Montana|Fergus County]] || {{convert|11|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Lewistown, Montana|Lewistown]] || {{coord|47|03|52|N|109|40|01|W|region:US-MT|name=State of Montana}} |
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| {{flag|Nevada}} || [[Lander County, Nevada|Lander County]] || {{convert|26|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Austin, Nevada|Austin]] || |
| {{flag|Nevada}} || [[Lander County, Nevada|Lander County]] || {{convert|26|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Austin, Nevada|Austin]] || |
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| {{flag|New Hampshire}} || [[Belknap County, New Hampshire|Belknap County]] || {{convert|3|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Ashland, New Hampshire|Ashland]] ||43 |
| {{flag|New Hampshire}} || [[Belknap County, New Hampshire|Belknap County]] || {{convert|3|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Ashland, New Hampshire|Ashland]] || {{coord|43|41|6|N|71|34|38|W|region:US-NE|name=Approximate center of New Hampshire}} |
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| {{flag|New Jersey}} || [[Burlington County, New Jersey|Burlington County]] || {{convert|5|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]] || {{coord|40|4|12|N|74|33|30|W|region:US-NJ|name=Center of New Jersey}} |
| {{flag|New Jersey}} || [[Burlington County, New Jersey|Burlington County]] || {{convert|5|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]] || {{coord|40|4|12|N|74|33|30|W|region:US-NJ|name=Center of New Jersey}} |
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| {{flag|Virginia}} || [[Buckingham County, Virginia|Buckingham County]] || {{convert|5|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Buckingham, Virginia|Buckingham]] || |
| {{flag|Virginia}} || [[Buckingham County, Virginia|Buckingham County]] || {{convert|5|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Buckingham, Virginia|Buckingham]] || |
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| {{flagicon|Washington}} [[Washington ( |
| {{flagicon|Washington}} [[Washington (state)|Washington]] || [[Chelan County, Washington|Chelan County]] || {{convert|10|mi|abbr=on}} west-southwest of [[Wenatchee, Washington|Wenatchee]] || |
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| {{flag|West Virginia}} || [[Braxton County, West Virginia|Braxton County]] || {{convert|4|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Sutton, West Virginia|Sutton]] || |
| {{flag|West Virginia}} || [[Braxton County, West Virginia|Braxton County]] || {{convert|4|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Sutton, West Virginia|Sutton]] || |
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==Modern list of geographic centers== |
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Although there have been different definitions offered for the geographic center, an intuitive one, and one used by the USGS, is "the |
Although there have been different definitions offered for the geographic center, an intuitive one, and one used by the USGS, is "the center of gravity of the surface, or that point on which the surface of the area would balance if it were a plane of uniform thickness."<ref>Van Zandt, Franklin. 1966. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Bulletin 1212. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.</ref> An updated list of geographic centers using this definition (which is equivalent to the state's [[centroid]]) is given below. It was derived by minimizing the sum of squared [[Great-circle distance|great circle distances]] from all points of land in a state (including islands, but not coastal waters, following the earlier practice of the USGS). It represents a slight improvement over the list originally published.<ref>Rogerson, P. 2015. A New Method for Finding Geographic Centers, with Application to the U.S. States. The Professional Geographer. Published online Aug 15, 2015; DOI:10.1080/00330124.2015.1062707 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00330124.2015.1062707#.Vd30QflVhBc Retrieved 2015-08-26</ref> |
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The [[ |
The [[geographic center of the contiguous United States]], determined in this way, is at {{coord|39|50.13|N|99|5.45|W|region:US-KS|name=Geographic center of the Geographic center of the Contiguous United States}}; this is {{convert|5.4|mi}} from [[Agra, Kansas]], {{convert|5.7|mi}} from Kensington, Kansas, and 26.9 great circle miles (43.3 km) west of the longstanding designated site near [[Lebanon, Kansas]]. |
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|{{flag|Alabama}} |
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|{{flag|Alabama}}||{{convert|12.1|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Clanton, Alabama|Clanton]]|| {{coord|32.7794|-86.8287|dim:300000_region:US-AL_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Alabama}} |
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|{{convert|12.1|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Clanton, Alabama|Clanton]] |
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|{{coord|32.7794|-86.8287|dim:300000_region:US-AL_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Alabama}} |
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|{{flag|Alaska}} |
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|{{flag|Alaska}}||{{convert|77.9|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Denali]]|| {{coord|64.0685|-152.2782|dim:2000000_region:US-AK_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Alaska}} |
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|{{convert|77.9|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Denali]] |
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|{{coord|64.0685|-152.2782|dim:2000000_region:US-AK_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Alaska}} |
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|{{flag|Arizona}} |
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|{{flag|Arizona}}||{{convert|49.7|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Prescott, Arizona|Prescott]]|| {{coord|34.2744|-111.6602|dim:300000_region:US-AZ_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Arizona}} |
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|{{convert|49.7|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Prescott, Arizona|Prescott]] |
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|{{coord|34.2744|-111.6602|dim:300000_region:US-AZ_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Arizona}} |
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|{{flag|Arkansas}} |
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|{{flag|Arkansas}}||{{convert|14.2|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]]|| {{coord|34.8938|-92.4426|dim:300000_region:US-AR_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Arkansas}} |
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|{{convert|14.2|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Little Rock, Arkansas|Little Rock]] |
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|{{coord|34.8938|-92.4426|dim:300000_region:US-AR_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Arkansas}} |
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|{{flag|California}} |
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|{{flag|California}}||{{convert|36|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Madera, California|Madera]]|| {{coord|37.1841|-119.4696|dim:600000_region:US-CA_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of California}} |
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|{{convert|36|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Madera, California|Madera]] |
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|{{coord|37.1841|-119.4696|dim:600000_region:US-CA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of California}} |
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|{{flag|Colorado}} |
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|{{flag|Colorado}}||{{convert|29.2|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Pikes Peak, Colorado|Pikes Peak]]|| {{coord|38.9972|-105.5478|dim:300000_region:region:US-CO_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Colorado}} |
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|{{convert|29.2|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Pikes Peak]] |
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|{{coord|38.9972|-105.5478|dim:300000_region:region:US-CO_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Colorado}} |
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|{{flag|Connecticut}} |
|{{flag|Connecticut}} |
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|{{convert|1.1|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Berlin, Connecticut|East Berlin]] |
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|{{coord|41.6219|-72.7273|dim:200000_region:US-CT_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Connecticut}} |
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|{{flag|Delaware}} |
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|{{flag|Delaware}}||{{convert|11.7|mi|abbr=on}} south of [[Dover, Delaware|Dover]]|| {{coord|38.9896|-75.5050|dim:100000_region:US-DE_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Delaware}} |
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|{{convert|11.7|mi|abbr=on}} south of [[Dover, Delaware|Dover]] |
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|{{coord|38.9896|-75.5050|dim:100000_region:US-DE_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Delaware}} |
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|{{flag|District of Columbia}} |
|{{flag|District of Columbia}} |
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|Near 3rd and P Streets, [[Northwest, Washington, D.C.|Northwest]] |
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|{{coord|38.9101|-77.0147|dim:50000_region:US-DC_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the District of Columbia}} |
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|{{flag|Florida}} |
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|{{flag|Florida}}||{{convert|5.8|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]]|| {{coord|28.6305|-82.4497|dim:300000_region:US-FL_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Florida}} |
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|{{convert|5.8|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Brooksville, Florida|Brooksville]] |
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|{{coord|28.6305|-82.4497|dim:300000_region:US-FL_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Florida}} |
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|{{flagicon|Georgia (U.S. state)}} [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] |
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|{{flagicon|Georgia (U.S. state)}} [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]||{{convert|17.7|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]] || {{coord|32.6415|-83.4426|dim:300000_region:US-GA_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Georgia}}<ref>A marker, dated 1981, at a nearby road intersection states: "The Geologic Survey Branch of the Department of Natural Resources determined the central point to be at latitude 32° 38' 46" N., longitude 83° 25' 54" W."</ref> |
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|{{convert|17.7|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Macon, Georgia|Macon]] |
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|{{coord|32.6415|-83.4426|dim:300000_region:US-GA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Georgia}} |
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|{{flag|Hawaii}} |
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|{{flag|Hawaii}}||{{convert|27.7|mi|abbr=on}} off-shore south of [[Wailea-Makena]]|| {{coord|20.2927|-156.3737|dim:500000_region:US-HI_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Hawai{{okina}}i}} |
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|{{convert|27.7|mi|abbr=on}} off-shore south of [[Wailea-Makena]] |
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|{{coord|20.2927|-156.3737|dim:500000_region:US-HI_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Hawai'i}} |
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|{{flag|Idaho}} |
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|{{flag|Idaho}}||{{convert|21.4|mi|abbr=on}} west-southwest of [[Challis, Idaho|Challis]]|| {{coord|44.3509|-114.6130|dim:500000_region:US-ID_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Idaho}} |
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|{{convert|21.4|mi|abbr=on}} west-southwest of [[Challis, Idaho|Challis]] |
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|{{coord|44.3509|-114.6130|dim:500000_region:US-ID_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Idaho}} |
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|{{flag|Illinois}} |
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|{{flag|Illinois}}||{{convert|28.8|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]] || {{coord|40.0417|-89.1965|dim:300000_region:US-IL_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Illinois}} |
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|{{convert|28.8|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]] |
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|{{coord|40.0417|-89.1965|dim:300000_region:US-IL_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Illinois}} |
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|{{flag|Indiana}} |
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|{{flag|Indiana}}||{{convert|10.8|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Indianapolis, Indiana|Indianapolis]]|| {{coord|39.8942|-86.2816|dim:300000_region:US-IN_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Indiana}} |
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|{{convert|10.8|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Indianapolis]] |
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|{{coord|39.8942|-86.2816|dim:300000_region:US-IN_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Indiana}} |
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|{{flag|Iowa}} |
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|{{flag|Iowa}}||{{convert|7|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Ames, Iowa|Ames]]|| {{coord|42.0751|-93.4960|dim:300000_region:US-IA_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Iowa}} |
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|{{convert|7|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Ames, Iowa|Ames]] |
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|{{coord|42.0751|-93.4960|dim:300000_region:US-IA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Iowa}} |
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|{{flag|Kansas}} |
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|{{flag|Kansas}}||{{convert|2.1|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Bushton, Kansas|Bushton Bend]] || {{coord|38.4937|-98.3804|dim:300000_region:US-KS_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Kansas}} |
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|{{convert|2.1|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Bushton, Kansas|Bushton Bend]] |
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|{{coord|38.4937|-98.3804|dim:300000_region:US-KS_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Kansas}} |
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|{{flag|Kentucky}} |
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|{{flag|Kentucky}}||{{convert|3.4|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Lebanon, Kentucky|Lebanon]] || {{coord|37.5347|-85.3021|dim:300000_region:US-KY_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the Commonwealth of Kentucky}} |
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|{{convert|3.4|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Lebanon, Kentucky|Lebanon]] |
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|{{coord|37.5347|-85.3021|dim:300000_region:US-KY_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Kentucky}} |
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|{{flag|Louisiana}} |
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|{{flag|Louisiana}}||{{convert|5.8|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Marksville, Louisiana|Marksville]] || {{coord|31.0689|-91.9968|dim:300000_region:US-LA_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Louisiana}} |
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|{{convert|5.8|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Marksville, Louisiana|Marksville]] |
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|{{coord|31.0689|-91.9968|dim:300000_region:US-LA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Louisiana}} |
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|{{flag|Maine}} |
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|{{flag|Maine}}||{{convert|12.6|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Dover-Foxcroft, Maine|Dover-Foxcroft]] || {{coord|45.3695|-69.2428|dim:300000_region:US-ME_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Maine}} |
|||
|{{convert|12.6|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Dover-Foxcroft, Maine|Dover-Foxcroft]] |
|||
|{{coord|45.3695|-69.2428|dim:300000_region:US-ME_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Maine}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Maryland}} |
|||
|{{flag|Maryland}}||{{convert|3.3|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Bowie, Maryland|Bowie]]|| {{coord|39.0550|-76.7909|dim:300000_region:US-MD_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Maryland}} |
|||
|{{convert|3.3|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Bowie, Maryland|Bowie]] |
|||
|{{coord|39.0550|-76.7909|dim:300000_region:US-MD_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Maryland}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Massachusetts}} |
|{{flag|Massachusetts}} |
||
|Irving St. and Wellington St., [[Worcester, Massachusetts|Worcester]] |
|||
|{{coord|42.2596|-71.8083|dim:200000_region:US-MA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Michigan}} |
|||
|{{flag|Michigan}}||{{convert|6.6|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Cadillac, Michigan|Cadillac]] || {{coord|44.3467|-85.4102|dim:300000_region:US-MI_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Michigan}} |
|||
|{{convert|6.6|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Cadillac, Michigan|Cadillac]] |
|||
|{{coord|44.3467|-85.4102|dim:300000_region:US-MI_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Michigan}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Minnesota}} |
|||
|{{flag|Minnesota}}||{{convert|10|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Brainerd, Minnesota|Brainerd]] || {{coord|46.2807|-94.3053|dim:300000_region:US-MN_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Minnesota}} |
|||
|{{convert|10|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Brainerd, Minnesota|Brainerd]] |
|||
|{{coord|46.2807|-94.3053|dim:300000_region:US-MN_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Minnesota}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Mississippi}} |
|||
|{{flag|Mississippi}}||{{convert|7.7|mi|abbr=on}} west-northwest of [[Carthage, Mississippi|Carthage]] || {{coord|32.7364|-89.6678|dim:300000_region:US-MS_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Mississippi}} |
|||
|{{convert|7.7|mi|abbr=on}} west-northwest of [[Carthage, Mississippi|Carthage]] |
|||
|{{coord|32.7364|-89.6678|dim:300000_region:US-MS_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Mississippi}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Missouri}} |
|||
|{{flag|Missouri}}|| {{convert|21|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Jefferson City, Missouri|Jefferson City]] || {{coord|38.3566|-92.4580|dim:300000_region:US-MO_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Missouri}} |
|||
|{{convert|21|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Jefferson City, Missouri|Jefferson City]] |
|||
|{{coord|38.3566|-92.4580|dim:300000_region:US-MO_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Missouri}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Montana}} |
|||
|{{flag|Montana}}||{{convert|10.1|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Lewistown, Montana|Lewistown]] || {{coord|47.0527|-109.6333|dim:500000_region:US-MT_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Montana}} |
|||
|{{convert|10.1|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Lewistown, Montana|Lewistown]] |
|||
|{{coord|47.0527|-109.6333|dim:500000_region:US-MT_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Montana}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Nebraska}} |
|||
|{{flag|Nebraska}}||{{convert|12.3|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Broken Bow, Nebraska|Broken Bow]] || {{coord|41.5378|-99.7951|dim:300000_region:US-NE_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Nebraska}} |
|||
|{{convert|12.3|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Broken Bow, Nebraska|Broken Bow]] |
|||
|{{coord|41.5378|-99.7951|dim:300000_region:US-NE_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Nebraska}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Nevada}} |
|||
|{{flag|Nevada}}||{{convert|26|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Austin, Nevada|Austin]] || {{coord|39.3289|-116.6312|dim:300000_region:US-NV_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Nevada}} |
|||
|{{convert|26|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Austin, Nevada|Austin]] |
|||
|{{coord|39.3289|-116.6312|dim:300000_region:US-NV_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Nevada}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|New Hampshire}} |
|{{flag|New Hampshire}} |
||
|{{convert|2.6|mi|abbr=on}} east of [[Ashland, New Hampshire|Ashland]] |
|||
|{{coord|43.6805|-71.5811|dim:200000_region:US-NH_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of New Hampshire}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|New Jersey}} |
|||
|{{flag|New Jersey}}||{{convert|4.3|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]]|| {{coord|40.1907|-74.6728|dim:200000_region:US-NJ_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of New Jersey}} |
|||
|{{convert|4.3|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]] |
|||
|{{coord|40.1907|-74.6728|dim:200000_region:US-NJ_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of New Jersey}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|New Mexico}} |
|||
|{{flag|New Mexico}}||{{convert|13.8|mi|abbr=on}} south-southwest of [[Willard, New Mexico|Willard]] || {{coord|34.4071|-106.1126|dim:300000_region:US-NM_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of New Mexico}} |
|||
|{{convert|13.8|mi|abbr=on}} south-southwest of [[Willard, New Mexico|Willard]] |
|||
|{{coord|34.4071|-106.1126|dim:300000_region:US-NM_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of New Mexico}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flagicon|New York}} [[New York (state)|New York]] |
|{{flagicon|New York}} [[New York (state)|New York]] |
||
|{{convert|11.5|mi|abbr=on}} south-southeast of [[Oneida, New York|Oneida]] |
|||
|{{coord|42.9538|-75.5268|dim:300000_region:US-NY_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of New York}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|North Carolina}} |
|{{flag|North Carolina}} |
||
|{{convert|12.7|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Sanford, North Carolina|Sanford]] |
|||
|{{coord|35.5557|-79.3877|dim:300000_region:US-NC_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of North Carolina}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|North Dakota}} |
|{{flag|North Dakota}} |
||
|{{convert|2.7|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[McClusky, North Dakota|McClusky]] |
|||
|{{coord|47.4501|-100.4659|dim:300000_region:US-ND_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of North Dakota}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Ohio}} |
|||
|{{flag|Ohio}}||{{convert|24.9|mi|abbr=on}} north-northeast of [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]]|| {{coord|40.2862|-82.7937|dim:300000_region:US-OH_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Ohio}} |
|||
|{{convert|24.9|mi|abbr=on}} north-northeast of [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]] |
|||
|{{coord|40.2862|-82.7937|dim:300000_region:US-OH_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Ohio}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Oklahoma}} |
|||
|{{flag|Oklahoma}}||{{convert|4.4|mi|abbr=on}} south of [[Edmond, Oklahoma|Edmond]]|| {{coord|35.5889|-97.4943|dim:300000_region:US-OK_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Oklahoma}} |
|||
|{{convert|4.4|mi|abbr=on}} south of [[Edmond, Oklahoma|Edmond]] |
|||
|{{coord|35.5889|-97.4943|dim:300000_region:US-OK_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Oklahoma}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Oregon}} |
|||
|{{flag|Oregon}}||{{convert|29.1|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Prineville, Oregon|Prineville]] || {{coord|43.9336|-120.5583|dim:300000_region:US-OR_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Oregon}} |
|||
|{{convert|29.1|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Prineville, Oregon|Prineville]] |
|||
|{{coord|43.9336|-120.5583|dim:300000_region:US-OR_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Oregon}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Pennsylvania}} |
|||
|{{flag|Pennsylvania}}||{{convert|2.7|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Bellefonte, Pennsylvania|Bellefonte]], in [[State College, Pennsylvania|State College]] || {{coord|40.8781|-77.7996|dim:300000_region:US-PA_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania}} |
|||
|{{convert|2.7|mi|abbr=on}} southwest of [[Bellefonte, Pennsylvania|Bellefonte]], in [[State College, Pennsylvania|State College]] |
|||
|{{coord|40.8781|-77.7996|dim:300000_region:US-PA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Rhode Island}} |
|||
|{{flag|Rhode Island}}||{{convert|2.4|mi|km|adj=on}} west of [[Crompton (West Warwick)|Crompton]], in [[West Warwick, Rhode Island|West Warwick]] || {{coord|41.6762|-71.5562|dim:200000_region:US-RI_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Rhode Island}} |
|||
|{{convert|2.4|mi|km|adj=on}} west of [[Crompton (West Warwick)|Crompton]], in [[West Warwick, Rhode Island|West Warwick]] |
|||
|{{coord|41.6762|-71.5562|dim:200000_region:US-RI_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Rhode Island}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|South Carolina}} |
|{{flag|South Carolina}} |
||
|{{convert|9.7|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Columbia, South Carolina|Columbia]] |
|||
|{{coord|33.9169|-80.8964|dim:300000_region:US-SC_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of South Carolina}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|South Dakota}} |
|{{flag|South Dakota}} |
||
|{{convert|7.9|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Pierre, South Dakota|Pierre]] |
|||
|{{coord|44.4443|-100.2263|dim:300000_region:US-SD_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of South Dakota}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Tennessee}} |
|||
|{{flag|Tennessee}}||{{convert|2.5|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Murfreesboro, Tennessee|Murfreesboro]]|| {{coord|35.8580|-86.3505|dim:300000_region:US-TN_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Tennessee}} |
|||
|{{convert|2.5|mi|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Murfreesboro, Tennessee|Murfreesboro]] |
|||
|{{coord|35.8580|-86.3505|dim:300000_region:US-TN_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Tennessee}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Texas}} |
|||
|{{flag|Texas}}||{{convert|23.6|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Brady, Texas|Brady]] || {{coord|31.4757|-99.3312|dim:500000_region:US-TX_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Texas}} |
|||
|{{convert|23.6|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Brady, Texas|Brady]] |
|||
|{{coord|31.4757|-99.3312|dim:500000_region:US-TX_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Texas}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Utah}} |
|||
|{{flag|Utah}}||{{convert|3.1|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Manti, Utah|Manti]] || {{coord|39.3055|-111.6703|dim:300000_region:US-UT_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Utah}} |
|||
|{{convert|3.1|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Manti, Utah|Manti]] |
|||
|{{coord|39.3055|-111.6703|dim:300000_region:US-UT_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Utah}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Vermont}} |
|||
|{{flag|Vermont}}||{{convert|3.7|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Roxbury, Vermont|Roxbury]] || {{coord|44.0687|-72.6658|dim:200000_region:US-VT_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Vermont}} |
|||
|{{convert|3.7|mi|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Roxbury, Vermont|Roxbury]] |
|||
|{{coord|44.0687|-72.6658|dim:200000_region:US-VT_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Vermont}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Virginia}} |
|||
|{{flag|Virginia}}||{{convert|16.6|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Buckingham, Virginia|Buckingham]] || {{coord|37.5215|-78.8537|dim:300000_region:US-VA_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the Commonwealth of Virginia}} |
|||
|{{convert|16.6|mi|abbr=on}} west of [[Buckingham, Virginia|Buckingham]] |
|||
|{{coord|37.5215|-78.8537|dim:300000_region:US-VA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the Commonwealth of Virginia}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flagicon|Washington}} [[Washington ( |
|{{flagicon|Washington}} [[Washington (state)|Washington]] |
||
|{{convert|7|mi|abbr=on}} west-southwest of [[Wenatchee, Washington|Wenatchee]] |
|||
|{{coord|47.3826|-120.4472|dim:300000_region:US-WA_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Washington}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|West Virginia}} |
|{{flag|West Virginia}} |
||
|{{convert|4.9|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Sutton, West Virginia|Sutton]] |
|||
|{{coord|38.6409|-80.6227|dim:300000_region:US-WV_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of West Virginia}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Wisconsin}} |
|||
|{{flag|Wisconsin}}||{{convert|9.3|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Marshfield, Wisconsin|Marshfield]] || {{coord|44.6243|-89.9941|dim:300000_region:US-WI_source:enwiki_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Wisconsin}} |
|||
|{{convert|9.3|mi|abbr=on}} east-southeast of [[Marshfield, Wisconsin|Marshfield]] |
|||
|{{coord|44.6243|-89.9941|dim:300000_region:US-WI_source:enwiki_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Wisconsin}} |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|{{flag|Wyoming}} |
|||
|{{flag|Wyoming}}|| {{convert|60.6|mi|abbr=on}} east-northeast of [[Lander, Wyoming|Lander]] || {{coord|42.9957|-107.5512|dim:300000_region:US-WY_type:adm1st|name=Geometric center of the State of Wyoming}} |
|||
|{{convert|60.6|mi|abbr=on}} east-northeast of [[Lander, Wyoming|Lander]] |
|||
|{{coord|42.9957|-107.5512|dim:300000_region:US-WY_type:adm1st|name=Geographic center of the State of Wyoming}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
==Geographic centers of the U.S. territories== |
==Geographic centers of the U.S. territories== |
||
Very little information exists about the geographic centers of the [[Territories of the United States|U.S. territories]]. In a geological survey of all geographic centers in the U.S., the [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]] did not measure the geographic centers of the U.S. territories.<ref>https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039437/report.pdf "Geographic centers of the United States." U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved June 2019.</ref> Similarly, the USGS does not include the territories in its list of geographic centers.<ref name="USGSJune2019">https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/Elevations-Distances/elvadist.html ‘’Elevations and Distances in the United States.’’ USGS. Retrieved June 2019.</ref> In terms of each territory’s land area, only one territory, [[Puerto Rico]], has a confirmed geographic center.<ref name="Puerto_Rico"/> There are also official geographic centers of territorial [[exclusive economic |
Very little information exists about the geographic centers of the [[Territories of the United States|U.S. territories]]. In a geological survey of all geographic centers in the U.S., the [[United States Department of the Interior|U.S. Department of the Interior]] did not measure the geographic centers of the U.S. territories.<ref>https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039437/report.pdf "Geographic centers of the United States." U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved June 2019.</ref> Similarly, the USGS does not include the territories in its list of geographic centers.<ref name="USGSJune2019">https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/Elevations-Distances/elvadist.html ‘’Elevations and Distances in the United States.’’ USGS. Retrieved June 2019.</ref> In terms of each territory’s land area, only one territory, [[Puerto Rico]], has a confirmed geographic center.<ref name="Puerto_Rico"/> There are also official geographic centers of territorial [[exclusive economic zone]]s, though those geographic centers are based on a territory's [[territorial waters]] (not land area). |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
Line 257: | Line 359: | ||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
{{div col}} |
|||
* [[Geographic center of the contiguous United States]] |
* [[Geographic center of the contiguous United States]] |
||
* [[Geographic center of the United States]] |
* [[Geographic center of the United States]] |
||
Line 264: | Line 367: | ||
* [[Mean center of the United States population]] |
* [[Mean center of the United States population]] |
||
* [[Median center of United States population]] |
* [[Median center of United States population]] |
||
{{div col end}} |
|||
==Notes== |
==Notes== |
Latest revision as of 22:40, 25 August 2024
This is a list of geographic centers of each U.S. state and inhabited territory. The geographic center of the United States is northeast of Belle Fourche in Butte County, South Dakota (44°58′N 103°46′W / 44.967°N 103.767°W),[1] while that of the contiguous 48 states is near Lebanon in Smith County, Kansas (39°50′N 98°35′W / 39.833°N 98.583°W).[1] The geographic center of North America lies near Rugby, North Dakota (48°10′N 100°10′W / 48.167°N 100.167°W), though this designation has no official status.[1] In 2017, a new calculation of the geographic center of North America placed it near the town of Center, North Dakota.[2]
Historic list of geographic centers
[edit]The list given below has been only slightly modified since it was first produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in the early 1920s.[3] At that time, the center for a state was found by suspending a cardboard cutout of the state by a string, and then drawing a vertical line from the suspension point. After rotating the cutout 90 degrees and drawing another vertical line from the new suspension point, the intersection of the two vertical lines was used as the geographic center.[4] The result is dependent upon the type of projection used.
Modern list of geographic centers
[edit]Although there have been different definitions offered for the geographic center, an intuitive one, and one used by the USGS, is "the center of gravity of the surface, or that point on which the surface of the area would balance if it were a plane of uniform thickness."[7] An updated list of geographic centers using this definition (which is equivalent to the state's centroid) is given below. It was derived by minimizing the sum of squared great circle distances from all points of land in a state (including islands, but not coastal waters, following the earlier practice of the USGS). It represents a slight improvement over the list originally published.[8]
The geographic center of the contiguous United States, determined in this way, is at 39°50.13′N 99°5.45′W / 39.83550°N 99.09083°W; this is 5.4 miles (8.7 km) from Agra, Kansas, 5.7 miles (9.2 km) from Kensington, Kansas, and 26.9 great circle miles (43.3 km) west of the longstanding designated site near Lebanon, Kansas.
Geographic centers of the U.S. territories
[edit]Very little information exists about the geographic centers of the U.S. territories. In a geological survey of all geographic centers in the U.S., the U.S. Department of the Interior did not measure the geographic centers of the U.S. territories.[9] Similarly, the USGS does not include the territories in its list of geographic centers.[1] In terms of each territory’s land area, only one territory, Puerto Rico, has a confirmed geographic center.[10] There are also official geographic centers of territorial exclusive economic zones, though those geographic centers are based on a territory's territorial waters (not land area).
Territory | County- equivalent |
Location | Coordinates |
---|---|---|---|
American Samoa | North of Manu’a District (EEZ) Eastern District (Tutuila center) |
The geographic center of American Samoa’s exclusive economic zone (EEZ) is located in the Pacific Ocean, about 35.08 miles (56.45 km) northeast of the island of Ta‘ū.[11] The geographic center of Tutuila (the main island) is about 1.03 miles (1.65 km) southwest of Fagatogo.[12] |
13°51′06″S 169°03′27″W / 13.8517°S 169.0576°W (EEZ center) 14°17′24″S 170°42′10″W / 14.2901°S 170.7028°W (Tutuila center) |
Guam | Guam[note 2] | The geographic center of Guam’s exclusive economic zone is in the Pacific Ocean, about 73.65 miles (118.53 km) west-southwest of Cocos Island and 76.08 miles (122.45 km) west-southwest of the main island of Guam.[13] The exact geographic center of the main island of Guam is unknown[14] — it is probably somewhere within the village of Chalan Pago-Ordot, because that is the default center starting point of Guam on Google Maps.[15] |
12°58′37″N 143°34′53″E / 12.9770°N 143.5814°E (Center of EEZ) 13°26′38″N 144°46′02″E / 13.4440°N 144.7671°E (Chalan Pago-Ordot) |
Northern Mariana Islands | Northern Islands Municipality | The geographic center of the Northern Mariana Islands’ exclusive economic zone is in the Pacific Ocean, about 18.33 miles (29.50 km) northeast of the island of Pagan.[16] | 18°19′06″N 146°01′42″E / 18.3183°N 146.0284°E (EEZ center) |
Puerto Rico | Orocovis Municipality | The geographic center of Puerto Rico is in the Orocovis Municipality, about 2.58 miles (4.15 km) west of the main town of Orocovis.[10] | 18°13′20″N 66°25′49″W / 18.2223°N 66.4303°W |
U.S. Virgin Islands | Between Saint Thomas and Saint Croix |
The exact geographic center of the U.S. Virgin Islands is unknown — the default center starting point for the U.S. Virgin Islands on Google Maps is located in the Caribbean Sea,[15] 18.21 miles (29.30 km) south-southeast of Saint Thomas and 18.31 miles (29.47 km) north of Saint Croix — note that this point is the approximate center of the 3 main islands, not the center of the exclusive economic zone | 18°20′N 64°54′W / 18.34°N 64.90°W |
U.S. Minor Outlying Islands | [note 3] | There is no information about the geographic centers of the islands in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands (or the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands as a whole). |
See also
[edit]- Geographic center of the contiguous United States
- Geographic center of the United States
- List of extreme points of the United States
- List of extreme points of U.S. states and territories
- List of U.S. states and territories by elevation
- Mean center of the United States population
- Median center of United States population
Notes
[edit]- ^ The U.S. Census Bureau treats the District of Columbia as a state-equivalent and a county-equivalent for statistical purposes.
- ^ All of Guam is counted as one county-equivalent by the U.S. Census Bureau.
- ^ Each of the 9 island groups in the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands is counted as a county-equivalent by the U.S. Census Bureau.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/Elevations-Distances/elvadist.html ‘’Elevations and Distances in the United States.’’ USGS. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-calculations-reposition-geographical-center-north-america-1-180961932/ Smithsonian.com. New Calculations Reposition the Geographical Center of North America. Jason Daley. January 30, 2017. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ Douglas, E.M. 1923. Boundaries, Areas, Geographic Centers, and Altitudes of the United States and Several States. Bulletin 689. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.
- ^ Adams, Oscar, S. 1932. Geographical Centers. The Military Engineer 24, 138: 586-587.
- ^ A marker, dated 1981, at a nearby road intersection states: "The Geologic Survey Branch of the Department of Natural Resources determined the central point to be at latitude 32° 38' 46" N., longitude 83° 25' 54" W."
- ^ "The Geography of Wyoming". Netstate.com. 25 February 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- ^ Van Zandt, Franklin. 1966. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Bulletin 1212. U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, DC.
- ^ Rogerson, P. 2015. A New Method for Finding Geographic Centers, with Application to the U.S. States. The Professional Geographer. Published online Aug 15, 2015; DOI:10.1080/00330124.2015.1062707 http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00330124.2015.1062707#.Vd30QflVhBc Retrieved 2015-08-26
- ^ https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039437/report.pdf "Geographic centers of the United States." U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ a b http://disfrutaorocovis.com/en/historic-sites-2/geographic-center-of-puerto-rico Disfruta Orocovis. Geographic Center of Puerto Rico. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ http://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=8444 Marineregions.org. Marine Gazetteer Placedetails — American Samoa Exclusive Economic Zone. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/oceania/as.htm Worldatlas.com. American Samoa. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ http://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=48957 Marineregions.org. Marine Gazetteer Placedetails. Guam Exclusive Economic Zone. Retrieved June 2019.
- ^ https://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/oceania/gu.htm Worldatlas.com. Guam. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
- ^ a b https://www.google.com/maps/place/Guam
https://www.google.com/maps/place/USVI
Google Mpas — Guam / U.S. Virgin Islands. Retrieved July 3, 2019. - ^ http://www.marineregions.org/gazetteer.php?p=details&id=48980 Marineregions.org. Marine Gazetteer Placedetails — Northern Mariana Islands Exclusive Economic Zone. Retrieved June 2019.
Works cited
[edit]- "Geographic Center of the United States" (PDF). ngs.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
- "States and Capitals". 50states.com. Digital Properties. 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.