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==History of the office==
==History of the office==
Under the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] the Minister President functioned as the chief minister of the [[list of monarchs of Prussia|King]], and presided over the [[Landtag of Prussia|Landtag]] (the Prussian [[legislature]] established in 1848). After the [[unification of Germany]] in 1871 and until the [[German Revolution of 1918–1919]], the office of the Prussian Minister President was usually held by the [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]] of the [[German Empire]], beginning with the tenure of [[Otto von Bismarck]].
Under the [[Kingdom of Prussia]] the Minister President functioned as the chief minister of the [[list of monarchs of Prussia|King]], and presided over the [[Landtag of Prussia|Landtag]] (the Prussian [[legislature]] established in 1848). After the [[unification of Germany]] in 1871 and until the [[German revolution of 1918–1919|1918–1919 Revolution]], the office of the Prussian Minister President was usually held by the [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]] of the [[German Empire]], beginning with the tenure of [[Otto von Bismarck]].


Under the [[Free State of Prussia]] the Minister President was the head of the state government in a more traditional parliamentary role during the [[Weimar Republic]]. The office ceased to have any real meaning except as a kind of political [[patronage]] title after the takeover by the national government in 1932 (''[[1932 Prussian coup d'état|Preußenschlag]]''), and after [[Nazi Germany]] dismantled Prussia as a state in 1935 (''[[Reichsstatthalter#Reich Governors Law (1935)|Reichsstatthaltergesetz]]''). Eventually, the office was [[Abolition of Prussia|abolished]] along with Prussia itself by the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] after [[World War II]].
Under the [[Free State of Prussia]] the Minister President was the head of the state government in a more traditional parliamentary role during the [[Weimar Republic]]. The office ceased to have any real meaning except as a kind of political [[patronage]] title after the takeover by the national government in 1932 (''[[1932 Prussian coup d'état|Preußenschlag]]''), and after [[Nazi Germany]] dismantled Prussia as a state in 1935 (''[[Reichsstatthalter#Reich Governors Law (1935)|Reichsstatthaltergesetz]]''). Eventually, the office was [[Abolition of Prussia|abolished]] along with Prussia itself by the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] in the [[Aftermath of World War II|aftermath]] of [[World War II]].


==Chief ministers of the Kingdom of Prussia (1702–1848)==
==Chief ministers of the Kingdom of Prussia (1702–1848)==
Line 59: Line 59:
* 1728–1739: [[Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow]]
* 1728–1739: [[Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow]]
* 1739–1749: {{ill|Heinrich von Podewils|de|Heinrich von Podewils (Politiker)}}
* 1739–1749: {{ill|Heinrich von Podewils|de|Heinrich von Podewils (Politiker)}}
* 1749–1753: {{ill|Georg Dietloff von Arnim-Boitzenburg|de}}
* 1749–1753: [[Georg Dietloff von Arnim-Boitzenburg]]
* 1749–1777: [[Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein]]
* 1749–1777: [[Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein]]
* 1777–1802: [[Friedrich Anton von Heynitz]]
* 1777–1802: [[Friedrich Anton von Heynitz]]
* 1786–1798: {{ill|Friedrich Wilhelm von Arnim-Boitzenburg|de}}
* 1786–1798: [[Friedrich Wilhelm von Arnim-Boitzenburg]]
* 1802–1804: Count [[Christian Graf von Haugwitz|Christian Heinrich Kurt von Haugwitz]] (1st term)
* 1802–1804: Count [[Christian Graf von Haugwitz|Christian Heinrich Kurt von Haugwitz]] (1st term)
* 1804–1806: Count [[Karl August von Hardenberg]] (1st term)
* 1804–1806: Count [[Karl August von Hardenberg]] (1st term)
Line 71: Line 71:
* 1808–1810: Count Karl [[Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten]]
* 1808–1810: Count Karl [[Friedrich Ferdinand Alexander zu Dohna-Schlobitten]]
* 1810–1822: Prince [[Karl August von Hardenberg]] (3rd term)
* 1810–1822: Prince [[Karl August von Hardenberg]] (3rd term)
* 1822–1823: {{ill|Otto Carl Friedrich von Voß|de}}{{Clarify|date=October 2018|reason=The exact position of this minister is unclear and needs a source.}}
* 1822–1823: {{ill|Otto von Voß|de}}{{Clarify|date=October 2018|reason=The exact position of this minister is unclear and needs a source.}}
* 1823–1841: Count [[Carl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von Wylich und Lottum]]{{Clarify|date=October 2018|reason=The exact position of this minister is unclear and needs a source.}}
* 1823–1841: Count [[Carl Friedrich Heinrich, Graf von Wylich und Lottum]]{{Clarify|date=October 2018|reason=The exact position of this minister is unclear and needs a source.}}
* 1841–1848: {{ill|Ludwig Gustav von Thile|de}}{{Clarify|date=October 2018|reason=The exact position of this minister is unclear and needs a source.}}
* 1841–1848: {{ill|Ludwig Gustav von Thile|de}}{{Clarify|date=October 2018|reason=The exact position of this minister is unclear and needs a source.}}
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|-
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" |
! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" |
| [[File:Rudolf von Auerswald Haase BNF Gallica.jpg|80px]]
| [[File:Rudolf v Auerswald 1862 (IZ 39-6 n Foto v L Haase).JPG|80px]]
| '''[[Rudolf von Auerswald]]'''<br />{{small|(1795–1866)}}
| '''[[Rudolf von Auerswald]]'''<br />{{small|(1795–1866)}}
| 25 June 1848
| 25 June 1848
Line 142: Line 142:
|-
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" |
! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" |
| [[File:Karl Anton von Hohenzollern.jpg|80px]]
| [[File:Fürst Karl Anton von Hohenzollern.JPG|80px]]
| Prince '''[[Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern|Karl Anton von Hohenzollern]]'''<br />{{small|(1811–1885)}}
| Prince '''[[Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811)|Karl Anton von Hohenzollern]]'''<br />{{small|(1811–1885)}}
| 6 November 1858
| 6 November 1858
| 12 March 1862
| 12 March 1862
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|-
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}};" |
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}};" |
| [[File:Otto Braun - circa 1930.jpg|80px]]
| [[File:Porträt des Otto Braun (cropped).jpg|80px]]
| '''[[Otto Braun]]'''<br />{{small|(1872–1955)<br />First term}}
| '''[[Otto Braun]]'''<br />{{small|(1872–1955)<br />First term}}
| 27 March 1920
| 27 March 1920
Line 300: Line 300:
|-
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}};" |
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}};" |
| [[File:Otto Braun - circa 1930.jpg|80px]]
| [[File:Porträt des Otto Braun (cropped).jpg|80px]]
| '''[[Otto Braun]]'''<br />{{small|(1872–1955)<br />Second term}}
| '''[[Otto Braun]]'''<br />{{small|(1872–1955)<br />Second term}}
| 5 November 1921
| 5 November 1921
Line 316: Line 316:
|-
|-
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}};" |
! style="background:{{party color|Social Democratic Party of Germany}};" |
| [[File:Otto Braun - circa 1930.jpg|80px]]
| [[File:Porträt des Otto Braun (cropped).jpg|80px]]
| '''[[Otto Braun]]'''<br />{{small|(1872–1955)<br />Third term}}
| '''[[Otto Braun]]'''<br />{{small|(1872–1955)<br />Third term}}
| 6 April 1925
| 6 April 1925
Line 384: Line 384:
===Timeline===
===Timeline===
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{{#tag:timeline|
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Line 395: Line 395:


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from: 19/03/1848 till: 29/03/1848 color: None text:"[[Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg|Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg]]"
from: 19/03/1848 till: 29/03/1848 color: None text:"[[Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg|Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg]]"
bar:GottfriedLudolfCamphausen
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from: 29/03/1848 till: 20/06/1848 color: None text:"[[Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen]]"
from: 29/03/1848 till: 20/06/1848 color: None text:"[[Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen]]"
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from: 25/06/1848 till: 08/09/1848 color: None text:"[[Rudolf von Auerswald]]"
from: 25/06/1848 till: 08/09/1848 color: None text:"[[Rudolf von Auerswald]]"
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from: 02/11/1848 till: 06/11/1850 color: None text:"[[Friedrich Wilhelm, Count Brandenburg|Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg]]"
bar:OttoTheodorvonManteuffel
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from: 09/12/1850 till: 06/11/1858 color: None text:"[[Otto Theodor von Manteuffel|Baron Otto Theodor von Manteuffel]]"
bar:KarlAntonvonHohenzollern
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from: 06/11/1858 till: 12/03/1862 color: None text:"[[Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811)|Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern]]"
bar:AdolfzuHohenlohe-Ingelfingen
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from: 17/03/1862 till: 23/09/1862 color: None text:"[[Prince Adolf of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen|Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen]]"
from: 17/03/1862 till: 23/09/1862 color: None text:"[[Prince Adolf of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen|Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen]]"
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from: 23/09/1862 till: 01/01/1873 color: None
from: 23/09/1862 till: 01/01/1873 color: None
from: 09/11/1873 till: 20/03/1890 color: None text:"[[Otto von Bismarck|Prince Otto von Bismarck]]"
from: 09/11/1873 till: 20/03/1890 color: None text:"[[Otto von Bismarck|Prince Otto von Bismarck]]"
bar:AlbrechtvonRoon
bar:AlbrechtvonRoon
from: 01/01/1873 till: 09/11/1873 color: None text:"[[Albrecht von Roon|Count Albrecht von Roon]]"
from: 01/01/1873 till: 09/11/1873 color: None text:"[[Albrecht von Roon|Count Albrecht von Roon]]"
bar:LeovonCaprivi
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from: 20/03/1890 till: 22/03/1892 color: None text:"[[Leo von Caprivi|Count Leo von Caprivi]]"
from: 20/03/1890 till: 22/03/1892 color: None text:"[[Leo von Caprivi|Count Leo von Caprivi]]"
bar:BothozuEulenburg
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from: 22/03/1892 till: 26/10/1894 color: None text:"[[Botho zu Eulenburg|Count Botho zu Eulenburg]]"
bar:ChlodwigzuHohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
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from: 29/10/1894 till: 17/10/1900 color: None text:"[[Chlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst|Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst]]"
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from: 17/10/1900 till: 14/07/1909 color: None text:"[[Bernhard von Bülow|Prince Bernhard von Bülow]]"
from: 17/10/1900 till: 14/07/1909 color: None text:"[[Bernhard von Bülow|Prince Bernhard von Bülow]]"
bar:TheobaldvonBethmannHollweg
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bar:GeorgMichaelis
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from: 14/07/1917 till: 01/11/1917 color: None text:"[[Georg Michaelis]]"
from: 14/07/1917 till: 01/11/1917 color: None text:"[[Georg Michaelis]]"
bar:GeorgvonHertling
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from: 01/11/1917 till: 30/09/1918 color: Zentrum text:"[[Georg von Hertling|Count Georg von Hertling]]"
from: 01/11/1917 till: 30/09/1918 color: Zentrum text:"[[Georg von Hertling|Count Georg von Hertling]]"
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from: 03/10/1918 till: 09/11/1918 color: None text:"[[Prince Maximilian of Baden|Prince Maximilian von Baden]]"
from: 03/10/1918 till: 09/11/1918 color: None text:"[[Prince Maximilian of Baden|Prince Maximilian von Baden]]"
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bar:HeinrichStröbel
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from: 12/11/1918 till: 09/01/1919 color: USPD text:"[[Heinrich Ströbel]] (Co-prime minister)"
from: 12/11/1918 till: 09/01/1919 color: USPD text:"[[Heinrich Ströbel]] (Co-prime minister)"
bar:OttoBraun
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from: 27/03/1920 till: 21/04/1921 color: SPD
from: 27/03/1920 till: 21/04/1921 color: SPD
from: 05/11/1921 till: 18/02/1925 color: SPD
from: 05/11/1921 till: 18/02/1925 color: SPD
from: 06/04/1923 till: 20/07/1932 color: SPD text:"[[Otto Braun]]"
from: 06/04/1923 till: 20/07/1932 color: SPD text:"[[Otto Braun]]"
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Line 490: Line 490:
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}}
}}
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{{Ministers President of Prussia}}
{{Ministers President of Prussia}}
{{Governments of Prussia}}
{{PMs of the German states}}
{{PMs of the German states}}


[[Category:Prime Ministers of Prussia| ]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Prussia| ]]
[[Category:Lists of Ministers-President of German states|Prussia]]
[[Category:Lists of ministers-president of German states|Prussia]]
[[Category:Prussia-related lists|Min]]
[[Category:Prussia-related lists|Min]]
[[Category:1848 establishments in Prussia]]
[[Category:1848 establishments in Prussia]]

Latest revision as of 18:54, 25 August 2024

Minister-President of Prussia
Ministerpräsident
Coat of arms of Prussia
Longest serving
Otto von Bismarck

23 September 1862–1 January 1873
9 November 1873–20 March 1890
ResidenceBerlin
AppointerKing of Prussia (1848–1918)
Landtag of Prussia (1918–1933)
PrecursorChief minister of Prussia
Formation19 March 1848
First holderAdolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg
Final holderHermann Göring
Abolished23 April 1945

The office of Minister-President (German: Ministerpräsident), or Prime Minister, of Prussia existed from 1848, when it was formed by King Frederick William IV during the 1848–49 Revolution, until the abolition of Prussia in 1947 by the Allied Control Council.

History of the office

[edit]

Under the Kingdom of Prussia the Minister President functioned as the chief minister of the King, and presided over the Landtag (the Prussian legislature established in 1848). After the unification of Germany in 1871 and until the 1918–1919 Revolution, the office of the Prussian Minister President was usually held by the Chancellor of the German Empire, beginning with the tenure of Otto von Bismarck.

Under the Free State of Prussia the Minister President was the head of the state government in a more traditional parliamentary role during the Weimar Republic. The office ceased to have any real meaning except as a kind of political patronage title after the takeover by the national government in 1932 (Preußenschlag), and after Nazi Germany dismantled Prussia as a state in 1935 (Reichsstatthaltergesetz). Eventually, the office was abolished along with Prussia itself by the Allies in the aftermath of World War II.

Chief ministers of the Kingdom of Prussia (1702–1848)

[edit]

List of ministers president of Prussia (1848–1945)

[edit]

Ministers-president of the Kingdom of Prussia (1848–1918)

[edit]

Political party:   Zentrum   None

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
Count Adolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg
(1803–1868)
19 March 1848 29 March 1848 10 Non-partisan
Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen
(1803–1890)
29 March 1848 20 June 1848 83 Non-partisan
Rudolf von Auerswald
(1795–1866)
25 June 1848 8 September 1848 75 Non-partisan
Ernst von Pfuel
(1779–1866)
21 September 1848 1 November 1848 41 Non-partisan
Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg
(1792–1850)
2 November 1848 6 November 1850 734 Non-partisan
Baron Otto Theodor von Manteuffel
(1805–1882)
9 December 1850 6 November 1858 2889 Non-partisan
Prince Karl Anton von Hohenzollern
(1811–1885)
6 November 1858 12 March 1862 1222 Non-partisan
Prince Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
(1797–1873)
17 March 1862 23 September 1862 190 Non-partisan
Prince Otto von Bismarck
(1815–1898)
First term
23 September 1862 1 January 1873 3753 Non-partisan
Count Albrecht von Roon
(1803–1879)
1 January 1873 9 November 1873 312 Non-partisan
Prince Otto von Bismarck
(1815–1898)
Second term
9 November 1873 20 March 1890 5975 Non-partisan
Count Leo von Caprivi
(1831–1899)
20 March 1890 22 March 1892 733 Non-partisan
Count Botho zu Eulenburg
(1831–1912)
22 March 1892 26 October 1894 948 Non-partisan
Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst
(1819–1901)
29 October 1894 17 October 1900 2179 Non-partisan
Prince Bernhard von Bülow
(1849–1929)
17 October 1900 14 July 1909 3192 Non-partisan
Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
(1856–1921)
14 July 1909 13 July 1917 2921 Non-partisan
Georg Michaelis
(1857–1936)
14 July 1917 1 November 1917 110 Non-partisan
Count Georg von Hertling
(1843–1919)
1 November 1917 30 September 1918 333 Centre
Prince Maximilian von Baden
(1867–1929)
3 October 1918 9 November 1918 37 Non-partisan

Ministers-president of the Free State of Prussia (1918–1945)

[edit]

Political party:   SPD   USPD   Zentrum   NSDAP   None

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of office Political party
Took office Left office Days
Ministers-president of the Free State of Prussia in the Weimar Republic
Paul Hirsch
(1868–1940)
12 November 1918 27 March 1920 501 Social Democratic Party of Germany
Heinrich Ströbel
(1869–1944)
Co-prime minister
12 November 1918 9 January 1919 29 Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
Otto Braun
(1872–1955)
First term
27 March 1920 21 April 1921 390 Social Democratic Party of Germany
Adam Stegerwald
(1874–1945)
21 April 1921 5 November 1921 198 Centre Party
Otto Braun
(1872–1955)
Second term
5 November 1921 18 February 1925 1201 Social Democratic Party of Germany
Wilhelm Marx
(1863–1946)
18 February 1925 6 April 1925 47 Centre Party
Otto Braun
(1872–1955)
Third term
6 April 1925 20 July 1932 2662 Social Democratic Party of Germany
Franz von Papen
(1879–1969)
Reichskommissar 136 Non-partisan
20 July 1932 3 December 1932
Kurt von Schleicher
(1882–1934)
Reichskommissar 56 Non-partisan
3 December 1932 28 January 1933
Franz von Papen
(1879–1969)
Reichskommissar 70 Non-partisan
30 January 1933 10 April 1933
Adolf Hitler
(1889–1945)
Reichsstatthalter 730 Nazi Party
30 January 1933 30 January 1935
Minister-president of the Free State of Prussia in Nazi Germany
Hermann Göring
(1893–1946)
Ministerpräsident 4396 Nazi Party
10 April 1933 23 April 1945
Reichsstatthalter 3736
30 January 1935 23 April 1945

Timeline

[edit]
Hermann GöringAdolf HitlerKurt von SchleicherFranz von PapenWilhelm MarxAdam StegerwaldOtto BraunHeinrich StröbelPaul HirschPrince Maximilian of BadenGeorg von HertlingGeorg MichaelisTheobald von Bethmann HollwegBernhard von BülowChlodwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-SchillingsfürstBotho zu EulenburgLeo von CapriviAlbrecht von RoonOtto von BismarckPrince Adolf of Hohenlohe-IngelfingenKarl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern (born 1811)Otto Theodor von ManteuffelFriedrich Wilhelm, Count BrandenburgErnst von PfuelRudolf von AuerswaldGottfried Ludolf CamphausenAdolf Heinrich von Arnim-Boitzenburg

See also

[edit]