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{{short description|President of Haiti (1813-1877)}}{{Infobox officeholder
{{Short description|President of Haiti (1813-1877)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Michel Domingue
| name = Michel Domingue
| image = Michel Domingue (President d'Haiti 1874-1876).jpg
| image = Michel Domingue (President d'Haiti 1874-1876).jpg
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| smallimage =
| smallimage =
| caption =
| caption =
| order =
| office = [[President of Haiti]]
| term_start = 14 June 1874
| office = [[List of heads of state of Haiti|11th]] [[President of Haiti]]
| term_start = June 14, 1874
| term_end = 15 April 1876
| term_end = April 15, 1876
| vicepresident = [[Septimus Rameau]]
| predecessor = [[List of Heads of State of Haiti#Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)|Council of Secretaries of State]]
| primeminister =
| predecessor = [[Nissage Saget]]
| successor = [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]]
| successor = [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]]
| office2 = Vice-president of the provisional government of Haiti
| office2 = [[Vice President of Haiti|Vice-President of the Provisional Government of Haiti]]
| term_start2 = December 27, 1869
| term_start2 = 27 December 1869
| term_end2 = March 16, 1870
| term_end2 = 16 March 1870
| president2 = [[Nissage Saget]]
| president2 = [[Nissage Saget]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1813|7|28}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1813|7|28|df=y}}{{fact|date=February 2023}}
| birth_place = [[Les Cayes]], Haiti
| birth_place = [[Les Cayes]], Haiti{{fact|date=February 2023}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1877|5|24|1813|7|28}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1877|5|24|1813|7|28|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], Jamaica
| death_place = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[British Jamaica]]
| nationality = Haitian
| party =
| party =
| spouse = Pauline Strattman
| spouse = Pauline Strattman
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| occupation =
| occupation =
| profession = Military
| profession = Military
| religion =
| religion =
| signature =
| signature =
| website =
| website =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Michel Domingue''' ({{IPA|fr|miʃɛl dɔmɛ̃ɡ}}; July 28, 1813{{fact|date=February 2023}} – May 24, 1877) served as the [[president of Haiti]] from 14 June 1874 to 15 April 1876.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="webster">{{cite web |title=Michel Domingue |url=http://faculty.webster.edu/corbetre/haiti/leaders/domingue.htm |website=Bob Corbett's Home Page |publisher=Bob Corbett |access-date=19 December 2020 |ref=webster}}</ref>
'''Michel Domingue''' was the President of [[Haiti]] from June 14, 1874 to April 15, 1876.<ref name=":0" />


== Biography ==
== Biography ==
Michel Domingue was born in [[Les Cayes]] in 1813.{{Fact|date=August 2020}} He graduated from military training and became commander of [[Armed Forces of Haiti|army]] units in [[Sud (department)|Sud]].{{Fact|date=August 2020}}
Michel Domingue was born in [[Les Cayes]] in 1813.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He graduated from military training and became commander of [[Armed Forces of Haiti|army]] units in [[Sud (department)|Sud]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}}


From May 8, 1868 to December 1869, he was president of the autonomous states of the south of Haiti.{{Fact|date=August 2020}} On June 11, 1874, General Domingue was elected for a term of eight years as president of Haiti.<ref name=":0" />
From 8 May 1868 to December 1869, he was president of the autonomous states of the south of Haiti.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He was appointed [[Vice President of Haiti|Vice President of the provisional government]] of [[Nissage Saget]] in 1869.<ref>{{cite web |title=The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events: Embracing Political, Civil, Military, and Social Affairs: Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lp0SAQAAMAAJ |publisher=D. Appleton & Company |language=en |date=1870}}</ref> On 11 June 1874, General Domingue was elected for a term of eight years as president of Haiti.<ref name=":0" />


Domingue, who was primarily a soldier, had neither the stature nor the tact of a statesman.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Léger|first=Jacques Nicolas|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Haiti:_Her_History_and_Her_Detractors/Part_I:_Chapter_XVIII|title=Haiti, Her History and Her Detractors|date=1907|publisher=Neale Publishing Company|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=223-226|postscript=. {{PD-notice}}}}</ref> He therefore issued a decree on September 10, 1874 appointing [[Septimus Rameau]] to manage public functions as the Vice-President of the [[List of Heads of State of Haiti|Council of Secretaries of State]].<ref name=":0" /> Septimus Rameau thus became the true ruler of Haiti.<ref name=":0" /> Rameau was dictatorial and domineering by nature, while Michel Domingue was more of a figurehead.<ref name=":0" />
Domingue, who was primarily a soldier, had neither the stature nor the tact of a statesman.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Léger|first=Jacques Nicolas|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Haiti:_Her_History_and_Her_Detractors/Part_I:_Chapter_XVIII|title=Haiti, Her History and Her Detractors|date=1907|publisher=Neale Publishing Company|pages=223–226|postscript=. {{PD-notice}}}}</ref> He therefore issued a decree on 10 September 1874 appointing [[Septimus Rameau]] to manage public functions as the Vice-President of the [[List of Heads of State of Haiti|Council of Secretaries of State]].<ref name=":0" /> Septimus Rameau thus became the true ruler of Haiti.<ref name=":0" /> Rameau was dictatorial and domineering by nature, while Michel Domingue was more of a figurehead.<ref name=":0" />


One of Domingue's first acts after his election to the presidency was the signing of an agreement with the [[Dominican Republic]], which the Haitian congress refused to ratify.<ref name=":0" /> The agreement established the countries' mutual recognition and in particular an end to the long and bloody border war between them.<ref name=":0" /> Septimus Rameau also led negotiations with the President of the Dominican Republic [[Ignacio María González]].<ref name=":0" /> The Chief of Staff of President Domingue, General N. Léger, was sent to [[Santo Domingo]] to prepare a new agreement.<ref name=":0" /> Upon his return to [[Port-au-Prince]] on November 9, 1874, he was accompanied by Dominican negotiators to seal a treaty of friendship and an accord on trade and navigation.<ref name=":0" /> Haiti recognized and accepted the full independence of the Dominican Republic, and on January 20, 1875 the treaty of friendship was signed between the two countries.<ref name=":0" />
One of Domingue's first acts after his election to the presidency was the signing of an agreement with the [[Dominican Republic]], which the Haitian congress refused to ratify.<ref name=":0" /> The agreement established the countries' mutual recognition and in particular an end to the long and bloody border war between them.<ref name=":0" /> Septimus Rameau also led negotiations with the President of the Dominican Republic [[Ignacio María González]].<ref name=":0" /> The Chief of Staff of President Domingue, General N. Léger, was sent to [[Santo Domingo]] to prepare a new agreement.<ref name=":0" /> Upon his return to [[Port-au-Prince]] on 9 November 1874, he was accompanied by Dominican negotiators to seal a treaty of friendship and an accord on trade and navigation.<ref name=":0" /> Haiti recognized and accepted the full independence of the Dominican Republic, and on 20 January 1875 the treaty of friendship was signed between the two countries.<ref name=":0" />


Despite this success in international politics, Haiti's domestic financial situation was devastating.<ref name=":0" /> Domingue tried to negotiate a loan with France, which would strain Haitian finances for years.<ref name=":0" /> Finally, corruption and fraud were so great that Domingue issued a decree, dated May 15, 1875, for the arrest of Generals Brice, Pierre Monplaisir Pierre, and [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]], his political opponent.<ref name=":0" /> Boisrond-Canal criticized this financial policy and the loan.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He took refuge at the embassy of the United States.<ref name=":0" /> Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre were killed<ref name=":0" /> while Boisrond-Canal and other opponents fled abroad.{{Fact|date=August 2020}} Septimus Rameau was accused of being responsible for the deaths of the two generals, as well as the proposed loan with France.<ref name=":0" /> He was himself assassinated on a street in Port-au-Prince.<ref name=":0" />
Despite this success in international politics, Haiti's domestic financial situation was devastating.<ref name=":0" /> Domingue tried to negotiate a loan with France, which would strain Haitian finances for years.<ref name=":0" /> Finally, corruption and fraud were so great that Domingue issued a decree, dated 15 May 1875, for the arrest of Generals Brice, Pierre Monplaisir Pierre, and [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]], his political opponent.<ref name=":0" /> Boisrond-Canal criticized this financial policy and the loan.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He took refuge at the embassy of the United States, causing a [[Boisrond-Canal affair|diplomatic crisis between Haiti and the United States]].<ref name=":0" /> Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre were killed<ref name=":0" /> while Boisrond-Canal and other opponents fled abroad.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} Septimus Rameau was accused of being responsible for the deaths of the two generals, as well as the proposed loan with France.<ref name=":0" /> He was himself assassinated on a street in Port-au-Prince.<ref name=":0" />


Domingue resigned on April 15, 1876 and went into exile in [[Kingston, Jamaica]], where he died a year later.{{Fact|date=August 2020}}
Domingue resigned on 15 April 1876 and went into exile in [[Kingston, Jamaica]], where he died a year later.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}}


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
<references />
*


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{{Heads of state of Haiti}}
{{Heads of state of Haiti}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Domingue, Michel}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Domingue, Michel}}
⚫
[[Category:Presidents of Haiti]]
[[Category:1813 births]]
[[Category:1813 births]]
[[Category:1877 deaths]]
[[Category:1877 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Sud (department)]]
[[Category:Presidents of Haiti]]
⚫
[[Category:Vice presidents of Haiti]]
[[Category:People from Les Cayes]]
[[Category:1870s in Haiti]]
[[Category:1870s in Haiti]]
[[Category:19th-century Haitian politicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Haitian politicians]]
[[Category:Haitian military leaders]]
[[Category:Haitian exiles]]

Latest revision as of 15:24, 25 August 2024

Michel Domingue
President of Haiti
In office
14 June 1874 – 15 April 1876
Vice PresidentSeptimus Rameau
Preceded byCouncil of Secretaries of State
Succeeded byPierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal
Vice-President of the Provisional Government of Haiti
In office
27 December 1869 – 16 March 1870
PresidentNissage Saget
Personal details
Born(1813-07-28)28 July 1813[citation needed]
Les Cayes, Haiti[citation needed]
Died24 May 1877(1877-05-24) (aged 63)
Kingston, British Jamaica
SpousePauline Strattman
ProfessionMilitary

Michel Domingue (French pronunciation: [miʃɛl dɔmɛ̃ɡ]; July 28, 1813[citation needed] – May 24, 1877) served as the president of Haiti from 14 June 1874 to 15 April 1876.[1][2]

Biography

[edit]

Michel Domingue was born in Les Cayes in 1813.[citation needed] He graduated from military training and became commander of army units in Sud.[citation needed]

From 8 May 1868 to December 1869, he was president of the autonomous states of the south of Haiti.[citation needed] He was appointed Vice President of the provisional government of Nissage Saget in 1869.[3] On 11 June 1874, General Domingue was elected for a term of eight years as president of Haiti.[1]

Domingue, who was primarily a soldier, had neither the stature nor the tact of a statesman.[1] He therefore issued a decree on 10 September 1874 appointing Septimus Rameau to manage public functions as the Vice-President of the Council of Secretaries of State.[1] Septimus Rameau thus became the true ruler of Haiti.[1] Rameau was dictatorial and domineering by nature, while Michel Domingue was more of a figurehead.[1]

One of Domingue's first acts after his election to the presidency was the signing of an agreement with the Dominican Republic, which the Haitian congress refused to ratify.[1] The agreement established the countries' mutual recognition and in particular an end to the long and bloody border war between them.[1] Septimus Rameau also led negotiations with the President of the Dominican Republic Ignacio María González.[1] The Chief of Staff of President Domingue, General N. Léger, was sent to Santo Domingo to prepare a new agreement.[1] Upon his return to Port-au-Prince on 9 November 1874, he was accompanied by Dominican negotiators to seal a treaty of friendship and an accord on trade and navigation.[1] Haiti recognized and accepted the full independence of the Dominican Republic, and on 20 January 1875 the treaty of friendship was signed between the two countries.[1]

Despite this success in international politics, Haiti's domestic financial situation was devastating.[1] Domingue tried to negotiate a loan with France, which would strain Haitian finances for years.[1] Finally, corruption and fraud were so great that Domingue issued a decree, dated 15 May 1875, for the arrest of Generals Brice, Pierre Monplaisir Pierre, and Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, his political opponent.[1] Boisrond-Canal criticized this financial policy and the loan.[citation needed] He took refuge at the embassy of the United States, causing a diplomatic crisis between Haiti and the United States.[1] Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre were killed[1] while Boisrond-Canal and other opponents fled abroad.[citation needed] Septimus Rameau was accused of being responsible for the deaths of the two generals, as well as the proposed loan with France.[1] He was himself assassinated on a street in Port-au-Prince.[1]

Domingue resigned on 15 April 1876 and went into exile in Kingston, Jamaica, where he died a year later.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Léger, Jacques Nicolas (1907). Haiti, Her History and Her Detractors. Neale Publishing Company. pp. 223–226. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  2. ^ "Michel Domingue". Bob Corbett's Home Page. Bob Corbett. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  3. ^ "The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events: Embracing Political, Civil, Military, and Social Affairs: Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry". D. Appleton & Company. 1870.
Political offices
Preceded by President of Haiti
1874–1876 		Succeeded by
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