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{{Short description|President of Haiti (1813-1877)}}
{{Unreferenced|date=June 2008}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}

{{Infobox Officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Michel Domingue
| name = Michel Domingue
| image = Michel Domingue.jpg
| image = Michel Domingue (President d'Haiti 1874-1876).jpg
| imagesize = 180px
| imagesize =
| smallimage =
| smallimage =
| caption =
| caption =
| order =
| office = [[President of Haiti]]
| term_start = 14 June 1874
| office = [[List of heads of state of Haiti|13th]] [[President of Haiti]]
| term_start = June 14, 1874
| term_end = 15 April 1876
| term_end = April 15, 1876
| vicepresident = [[Septimus Rameau]]
| predecessor = [[List of Heads of State of Haiti#Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)|Council of Secretaries of State]]
| primeminister =
| predecessor = [[Nissage Saget]]
| successor = [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]]
| successor = [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]]
| office2 = Vice-president of the provisional government of Haiti
| office2 = [[Vice President of Haiti|Vice-President of the Provisional Government of Haiti]]
| term_start2 = December 27, 1869
| term_start2 = 27 December 1869
| term_end2 = March 16, 1870
| term_end2 = 16 March 1870
| president2 = [[Nissage Saget]]
| president2 = [[Nissage Saget]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1813|july|28}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1813|7|28|df=y}}{{fact|date=February 2023}}
| birth_place = [[Les Cayes]], [[Haiti]]
| birth_place = [[Les Cayes]], Haiti{{fact|date=February 2023}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1877|5|24|1813|7|28}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1877|5|24|1813|7|28|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[Jamaica]]
| death_place = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[British Jamaica]]
| nationality = Haitian
| party =
| party =
| spouse = Pauline Strattman
| spouse = Pauline Strattman
Line 31: Line 29:
| occupation =
| occupation =
| profession = Military
| profession = Military
| religion =
| religion =
| signature =
| signature =
| website =
| website =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Michel Domingue''' ({{IPA|fr|miʃɛl dɔmɛ̃ɡ}}; July 28, 1813{{fact|date=February 2023}} – May 24, 1877) served as the [[president of Haiti]] from 14 June 1874 to 15 April 1876.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="webster">{{cite web |title=Michel Domingue |url=http://faculty.webster.edu/corbetre/haiti/leaders/domingue.htm |website=Bob Corbett's Home Page |publisher=Bob Corbett |access-date=19 December 2020 |ref=webster}}</ref>
'''Michel Domingue''' was the leader of [[Haiti]] from June 14, 1874 to April 15, 1876.


== Biography ==
Michel Domingue was born in [[Les Cayes]] in 1813. He graduated from military training and became commander of [[Armed Forces of Haiti|army]] units in the [[Sud Department]].
Michel Domingue was born in [[Les Cayes]] in 1813.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He graduated from military training and became commander of [[Armed Forces of Haiti|army]] units in [[Sud (department)|Sud]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}}


From May 8, 1868 to December 1869, he was president of the autonomous states of the south of Haiti. On June 11, 1874, General Domingue was elected for a term of eight years as president of Haiti.
From 8 May 1868 to December 1869, he was president of the autonomous states of the south of Haiti.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He was appointed [[Vice President of Haiti|Vice President of the provisional government]] of [[Nissage Saget]] in 1869.<ref>{{cite web |title=The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events: Embracing Political, Civil, Military, and Social Affairs: Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lp0SAQAAMAAJ |publisher=D. Appleton & Company |language=en |date=1870}}</ref> On 11 June 1874, General Domingue was elected for a term of eight years as president of Haiti.<ref name=":0" />


Domingue, who was primarily a soldier, had neither the stature nor the tact of a statesman. He therefore issued a decree on September 10, 1874 appointing Septimus Rameau to manage public functions as the Vice-President of the [[List of Heads of State of Haiti|Council of Secretaries of State]]. Septimus Rameau thus became the true ruler of Haiti. Rameau was dictatorial and domineering by nature, while Michel Domingue was more of a figurehead.
Domingue, who was primarily a soldier, had neither the stature nor the tact of a statesman.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Léger|first=Jacques Nicolas|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Haiti:_Her_History_and_Her_Detractors/Part_I:_Chapter_XVIII|title=Haiti, Her History and Her Detractors|date=1907|publisher=Neale Publishing Company|pages=223–226|postscript=. {{PD-notice}}}}</ref> He therefore issued a decree on 10 September 1874 appointing [[Septimus Rameau]] to manage public functions as the Vice-President of the [[List of Heads of State of Haiti|Council of Secretaries of State]].<ref name=":0" /> Septimus Rameau thus became the true ruler of Haiti.<ref name=":0" /> Rameau was dictatorial and domineering by nature, while Michel Domingue was more of a figurehead.<ref name=":0" />


One of Domingue's first acts after his election to the presidency was the signing of an agreement with the [[Dominican Republic]]. The agreement established the countries' mutual recognition and in particular an end to the long and bloody border war between them. Septimus Rameau also led negotiations with the President of the Dominican Republic [[Ignacio María González]]. The Chief of Staff of President Domingue, General N. Léger, was sent to [[Santo Domingo]] to prepare a new agreement. Upon his return to [[Port-au-Prince]] on November 9, 1874, he was accompanied by Dominican negotiators to seal a treaty of friendship and an accord on trade and navigation. Haiti recognized and accepted the full independence of the Dominican Republic, and on January 20, 1875 the treaty of friendship was signed between the two countries.
One of Domingue's first acts after his election to the presidency was the signing of an agreement with the [[Dominican Republic]], which the Haitian congress refused to ratify.<ref name=":0" /> The agreement established the countries' mutual recognition and in particular an end to the long and bloody border war between them.<ref name=":0" /> Septimus Rameau also led negotiations with the President of the Dominican Republic [[Ignacio María González]].<ref name=":0" /> The Chief of Staff of President Domingue, General N. Léger, was sent to [[Santo Domingo]] to prepare a new agreement.<ref name=":0" /> Upon his return to [[Port-au-Prince]] on 9 November 1874, he was accompanied by Dominican negotiators to seal a treaty of friendship and an accord on trade and navigation.<ref name=":0" /> Haiti recognized and accepted the full independence of the Dominican Republic, and on 20 January 1875 the treaty of friendship was signed between the two countries.<ref name=":0" />


Despite this success in international politics, Haiti's domestic financial situation was devastating. Domingue tried to negotiate a loan with France, which would strain Haitian finances for years. Finally, corruption and fraud were so great that Domingue issued a decree, dated May 15, 1875, for the arrest of Generals Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre. His political opponent [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]] criticized this financial policy and the loan. He took refuge at the embassy of the United States. Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre were killed while Boisrond Canal and other opponents fled abroad. Septimus Rameau was accused of being responsible for the deaths of the two generals. He was himself assassinated on a street in Port-au-Prince.
Despite this success in international politics, Haiti's domestic financial situation was devastating.<ref name=":0" /> Domingue tried to negotiate a loan with France, which would strain Haitian finances for years.<ref name=":0" /> Finally, corruption and fraud were so great that Domingue issued a decree, dated 15 May 1875, for the arrest of Generals Brice, Pierre Monplaisir Pierre, and [[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]], his political opponent.<ref name=":0" /> Boisrond-Canal criticized this financial policy and the loan.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} He took refuge at the embassy of the United States, causing a [[Boisrond-Canal affair|diplomatic crisis between Haiti and the United States]].<ref name=":0" /> Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre were killed<ref name=":0" /> while Boisrond-Canal and other opponents fled abroad.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}} Septimus Rameau was accused of being responsible for the deaths of the two generals, as well as the proposed loan with France.<ref name=":0" /> He was himself assassinated on a street in Port-au-Prince.<ref name=":0" />


Domingue resigned on April 15, 1876 and went into exile in [[Kingston, Jamaica]], where he died a year later.
Domingue resigned on 15 April 1876 and went into exile in [[Kingston, Jamaica]], where he died a year later.{{Citation needed|date=August 2020}}


== References ==
Domingue's surviving family still resides in Haiti and the United States, though their last name has changed.
{{Reflist}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box
{{succession box
|title=[[President of Haiti]]
|title=[[President of Haiti]]
|before=[[List of Heads of State of Haiti|Council of Secretaries of State]]
|before=[[List of Heads of State of Haiti|Council of Secretaries of State]]
|after=[[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]]
|after=[[Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal]]
|years='''1869-1874'''}}
|years=1874–1876}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}
{{Heads of state of Haiti}}
{{Authority control}}


==External links==
*[http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti/leaders/domingue.htm Michel Domingue]

{{HaitiHeadsOfState}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME =Domingue, Michel
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = July 28, 1813
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Les Cayes]], [[Haiti]]
| DATE OF DEATH = May 24, 1877
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Kingston, Jamaica|Kingston]], [[Jamaica]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Domingue, Michel}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Domingue, Michel}}
⚫
[[Category:Presidents of Haiti]]
[[Category:1813 births]]
[[Category:1813 births]]
[[Category:1877 deaths]]
[[Category:1877 deaths]]
⚫
[[Category:Presidents of Haiti]]

[[Category:Vice presidents of Haiti]]
[[de:Michel Domingue]]
[[Category:People from Les Cayes]]
[[fr:Michel Domingue]]
[[ht:Michel Domingue]]
[[Category:1870s in Haiti]]
[[Category:19th-century Haitian politicians]]
[[pt:Michel Domingue]]
[[Category:Haitian military leaders]]
[[sv:Michel Domingue]]
[[yo:Michel Domingue]]
[[Category:Haitian exiles]]

Latest revision as of 15:24, 25 August 2024

Michel Domingue
President of Haiti
In office
14 June 1874 – 15 April 1876
Vice PresidentSeptimus Rameau
Preceded byCouncil of Secretaries of State
Succeeded byPierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal
Vice-President of the Provisional Government of Haiti
In office
27 December 1869 – 16 March 1870
PresidentNissage Saget
Personal details
Born(1813-07-28)28 July 1813[citation needed]
Les Cayes, Haiti[citation needed]
Died24 May 1877(1877-05-24) (aged 63)
Kingston, British Jamaica
SpousePauline Strattman
ProfessionMilitary

Michel Domingue (French pronunciation: [miʃɛl dɔmɛ̃ɡ]; July 28, 1813[citation needed] – May 24, 1877) served as the president of Haiti from 14 June 1874 to 15 April 1876.[1][2]

Biography

[edit]

Michel Domingue was born in Les Cayes in 1813.[citation needed] He graduated from military training and became commander of army units in Sud.[citation needed]

From 8 May 1868 to December 1869, he was president of the autonomous states of the south of Haiti.[citation needed] He was appointed Vice President of the provisional government of Nissage Saget in 1869.[3] On 11 June 1874, General Domingue was elected for a term of eight years as president of Haiti.[1]

Domingue, who was primarily a soldier, had neither the stature nor the tact of a statesman.[1] He therefore issued a decree on 10 September 1874 appointing Septimus Rameau to manage public functions as the Vice-President of the Council of Secretaries of State.[1] Septimus Rameau thus became the true ruler of Haiti.[1] Rameau was dictatorial and domineering by nature, while Michel Domingue was more of a figurehead.[1]

One of Domingue's first acts after his election to the presidency was the signing of an agreement with the Dominican Republic, which the Haitian congress refused to ratify.[1] The agreement established the countries' mutual recognition and in particular an end to the long and bloody border war between them.[1] Septimus Rameau also led negotiations with the President of the Dominican Republic Ignacio María González.[1] The Chief of Staff of President Domingue, General N. Léger, was sent to Santo Domingo to prepare a new agreement.[1] Upon his return to Port-au-Prince on 9 November 1874, he was accompanied by Dominican negotiators to seal a treaty of friendship and an accord on trade and navigation.[1] Haiti recognized and accepted the full independence of the Dominican Republic, and on 20 January 1875 the treaty of friendship was signed between the two countries.[1]

Despite this success in international politics, Haiti's domestic financial situation was devastating.[1] Domingue tried to negotiate a loan with France, which would strain Haitian finances for years.[1] Finally, corruption and fraud were so great that Domingue issued a decree, dated 15 May 1875, for the arrest of Generals Brice, Pierre Monplaisir Pierre, and Pierre Théoma Boisrond-Canal, his political opponent.[1] Boisrond-Canal criticized this financial policy and the loan.[citation needed] He took refuge at the embassy of the United States, causing a diplomatic crisis between Haiti and the United States.[1] Brice and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre were killed[1] while Boisrond-Canal and other opponents fled abroad.[citation needed] Septimus Rameau was accused of being responsible for the deaths of the two generals, as well as the proposed loan with France.[1] He was himself assassinated on a street in Port-au-Prince.[1]

Domingue resigned on 15 April 1876 and went into exile in Kingston, Jamaica, where he died a year later.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Léger, Jacques Nicolas (1907). Haiti, Her History and Her Detractors. Neale Publishing Company. pp. 223–226. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  2. ^ "Michel Domingue". Bob Corbett's Home Page. Bob Corbett. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  3. ^ "The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events: Embracing Political, Civil, Military, and Social Affairs: Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry". D. Appleton & Company. 1870.
Political offices
Preceded by President of Haiti
1874–1876 		Succeeded by
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