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'''RealClearPolitics''' ('''RCP''') is an American [[Political journalism|political news]] website and [[Polling aggregator|polling data aggregator]]. The site was formed in 2000 by former [[option (finance)|options]] trader [[John McIntyre (publisher)|John McIntyre]] and former [[advertising agency]] account executive [[Tom Bevan (publisher)|Tom Bevan]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/polls/|title=Polling Averages| website=RealClearPolitics.com|date= April 21, 2008| access-date=2008-04-21}}</ref><ref name="D'Agostino">{{cite journal | title=Conservative Spotlight: Real Clear Politics | date=31 March 2003 | author=D'Agostino, Joseph A. | journal=[[Human Events]] | volume=59 | issue=11 | page=16}}</ref><ref name="Zorn 2004">{{cite journal|author=Zorn, Eric|author-link=Eric Zorn|date=October 26, 2004|title=Political site polls well with election junkies|url=http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2006/04/good_riddance_t.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119080924/http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2006/04/good_riddance_t.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 19, 2013|journal=[[Chicago Tribune]]|page=Metro, 1}}<!-- Not dead, but link goes to an not-secure webpage warning --></ref><ref name="Wolinsky 2006">{{cite journal|author=Wolinsky, Howard|date=September 18, 2006|title=Politicking pays off: Web site a must-read for political fanatics|journal=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|page=55}}</ref> It features selected political news stories and [[op-ed]]s from various news publications in addition to commentary from its own contributors.<ref name="D'Agostino" /><ref name=princeton /> RCP receives its most traffic during election seasons and is known for its aggregation of polling data.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Tim |date=2008-10-19 |title=Candidates come courting the Hoosiers |language=en-US |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-oct-19-na-indiana19-story.html |access-date=2017-01-22 |issn=0458-3035}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-02-10|title=Obama's surge swamps Hillary|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/archive/news/obamas-surge-swamps-hillary/news-story/0e738c0058389832c1184603610ab84a|access-date=2017-01-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Obama cuts into Clinton's majority – US Election – smh.com.au|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/us-election/obama-cuts-into-clintons-pennsylvania-majority/2008/04/09/1207420422477.html|access-date=2017-01-22|website=Smh.com.au|date=9 April 2008 |language=en}}</ref> In 2008, the site's founders said their goal was to give readers "ideological diversity", although in recent years it has become more associated with [[conservatism]] and the [[Right-wing politics|political right]].<ref name="The New York Sun2">{{cite news |date=March 10, 2008 |title=On Web, Political Junkies Make a Real Clear Choice |work=[[The New York Sun]] |url=http://www.nysun.com/business/on-web-political-junkies-make-a-real-clear-choice/72596/ |accessdate=2008-08-08 |archive-date=2015-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606135814/http://www.nysun.com/business/on-web-political-junkies-make-a-real-clear-choice/72596/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Peters |first=Jeremy W. |date=2020-11-17 |title=A Popular Political Site Made a Sharp Right Turn. What Steered It? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/17/us/politics/real-clear-politics.html |access-date=2020-12-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
'''RealClearPolitics''' ('''RCP''') is an American [[Political journalism|political news]] website and [[Polling aggregator|polling data aggregator]]. The site was formed in 2000 by former [[option (finance)|options]] trader [[John McIntyre (publisher)|John McIntyre]] and former [[advertising agency]] account executive [[Tom Bevan (publisher)|Tom Bevan]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/polls/|title=Polling Averages| website=RealClearPolitics.com|date= April 21, 2008| access-date=2008-04-21}}</ref><ref name="D'Agostino">{{cite journal | title=Conservative Spotlight: Real Clear Politics | date=31 March 2003 | author=D'Agostino, Joseph A. | journal=[[Human Events]] | volume=59 | issue=11 | page=16}}</ref><ref name="Zorn 2004">{{cite journal|author=Zorn, Eric|author-link=Eric Zorn|date=October 26, 2004|title=Political site polls well with election junkies|url=http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2006/04/good_riddance_t.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130119080924/http://blogs.chicagotribune.com/news_columnists_ezorn/2006/04/good_riddance_t.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 19, 2013|journal=[[Chicago Tribune]]|page=Metro, 1}}<!-- Not dead, but link goes to an not-secure webpage warning --></ref><ref name="Wolinsky 2006">{{cite journal|author=Wolinsky, Howard|date=September 18, 2006|title=Politicking pays off: Web site a must-read for political fanatics|journal=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|page=55}}</ref> It features selected political news stories and [[op-ed]]s from various news publications in addition to commentary and original content from its own contributors.<ref name="D'Agostino" /><ref name=princeton /> RCP receives its most traffic during election seasons and is known for its aggregation of polling data.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Jones |first=Tim |date=2008-10-19 |title=Candidates come courting the Hoosiers |language=en-US |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-oct-19-na-indiana19-story.html |access-date=2017-01-22 |issn=0458-3035}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2008-02-10|title=Obama's surge swamps Hillary|url=http://www.heraldsun.com.au/archive/news/obamas-surge-swamps-hillary/news-story/0e738c0058389832c1184603610ab84a|access-date=2017-01-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Obama cuts into Clinton's majority – US Election – smh.com.au|url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/us-election/obama-cuts-into-clintons-pennsylvania-majority/2008/04/09/1207420422477.html|access-date=2017-01-22|website=Smh.com.au|date=9 April 2008 |language=en}}</ref> In 2008, the site's founders said their goal was to give readers "ideological diversity", although in recent years it has become more associated with [[conservatism]] and the [[Right-wing politics|political right]].<ref name="The New York Sun2">{{cite news |date=March 10, 2008 |title=On Web, Political Junkies Make a Real Clear Choice |work=[[The New York Sun]] |url=http://www.nysun.com/business/on-web-political-junkies-make-a-real-clear-choice/72596/ |accessdate=2008-08-08 |archive-date=2015-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606135814/http://www.nysun.com/business/on-web-political-junkies-make-a-real-clear-choice/72596/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Peters |first=Jeremy W. |date=2020-11-17 |title=A Popular Political Site Made a Sharp Right Turn. What Steered It? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/17/us/politics/real-clear-politics.html |access-date=2020-12-20 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>


== Establishment==
== Establishment==
The website was founded in 2000 by McIntyre, a former [[trader (finance)|trader]] at the [[Chicago Board Options Exchange]], and Bevan, a former [[advertising agency]] [[account executive]].<ref name="Zorn 2004" /> McIntyre explained "it really wasn't any more complicated than there should be a place online that pulled together all this quality information."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/business/small-business-entrepreneurs/2007/12/12/politics-junkies-spawn-a-real-clear-success.html|title=Political Junkies Spawn a Real, Clear Success|publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]]|date=December 12, 2007|first=Liz|last=Wolgemuth|access-date=2008-04-07}}</ref> They call what they do "intelligent aggregation".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|title=Real Clear Politics Real Clear on its Growth, Mission|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=February 7, 2008|access-date=2008-04-07|archive-date=2015-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606130729/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The site has grown in election-season spurts since it first went online. It has expanded from a two-man operation to a full-time staff of more than two dozen employees overseeing the company's mainstay, RealClearPolitics, as well as ten smaller sites.
The website was founded in 2000 by McIntyre, a former [[trader (finance)|trader]] at the [[Chicago Board Options Exchange]], and Bevan, a former [[advertising agency]] [[account executive]].<ref name="Zorn 2004" /> McIntyre explained "it really wasn't any more complicated than there should be a place online that pulled together all this quality information."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usnews.com/articles/business/small-business-entrepreneurs/2007/12/12/politics-junkies-spawn-a-real-clear-success.html|title=Political Junkies Spawn a Real, Clear Success|publisher=[[U.S. News & World Report]]|date=December 12, 2007|first=Liz|last=Wolgemuth|access-date=2008-04-07}}</ref> They call what they do "intelligent aggregation".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|title=Real Clear Politics Real Clear on its Growth, Mission|publisher=The Chicago Tribune|date=February 7, 2008|access-date=2008-04-07|archive-date=2015-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606130729/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The site has grown in election-season spurts since it first went online. It has expanded from a two-man operation to a full-time staff of more than two dozen employees overseeing the company's mainstay, RealClearPolitics, as well as ten smaller sites.


Both co-founders graduated from [[Princeton University|Princeton]] in 1991. When they launched the site, they would both start their day at 4 a.m., looking through articles from more than fifty sources. They post pieces on current events and topics, as well as news about opinion polls. The site reports on political races and projections, and features the average result of all current presidential polls and also offers a best-guess projection of [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]] votes.<ref name="Zorn 2004" />
Both co-founders graduated from [[Princeton University|Princeton]] in 1991. When they launched the site, they would both start their day at 4 a.m., looking through articles from more than fifty sources. They post pieces on current events and topics, as well as news about opinion polls. The site reports on political races and projections, and features the average result of all current presidential polls and also offers a best-guess projection of [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]] votes.<ref name="Zorn 2004" />
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===2000 to 2017===
===2000 to 2017===


RealClearPolitics, often referred to as nonpartisan by sources like ''The Wall Street Journal'' and ''The New York Times'', emerged as a significant platform during the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 elections]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Holmes |first1=Elizabeth |title=Polls Show Race Tightening in Florida |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122479684232764281 |website=Wall Street Journal |date=24 October 2008 |access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Chozick |first1=Amy |title=Candidates Focus on Western States |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122496954123469575 |website=Wall Street Journal |date=26 October 2008 |access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Knowlton |first1=Brian |title=In projections, Obama holds electoral lead |work=The New York Times |date=16 October 2008 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/16/world/americas/16iht-campaign.4.17029402.html?_r=1 |access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> Its founders, aiming to provide ideological diversity, curated political stories, op-eds, news analyses, and editorials to offer readers a balanced view of the political landscape.<ref name="Chicago Tribune">{{cite news|url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|title=Real Clear Politics real clear on its growth, mission|work=Chicago Tribune|last=Johnson|first=Steve|date=February 7, 2008|access-date=April 7, 2008|archive-date=June 6, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606130729/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The New York Sun2" /> The site's utility was recognized by figures such as ''Politico''{{'}}s executive editor Jim VandeHei, who called it an essential resource for political enthusiasts.<ref name="Chicago Tribune2">{{cite news |author=Johnson, Steve |date=February 7, 2008 |title=Real Clear Politics real clear on its growth, mission |work=Chicago Tribune |url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html |access-date=April 7, 2008 |archive-date=June 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606130729/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ''Chicago Sun-Times'' in 2012 also acknowledged the site's balanced selection of stories, and BuzzFeed’s top editor praised its polling average as highly reliable.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-30 |title=Popular, Chicago-based political news website run by two family guys |url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/2012/5/30/18533292/popular-chicago-based-political-news-website-run-by-two-family-guys |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=Chicago Sun-Times |language=en}}</ref>
RealClearPolitics, often referred to as nonpartisan by sources like ''The Wall Street Journal'' and ''The New York Times'', emerged as a significant platform during the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 elections]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Holmes |first1=Elizabeth |title=Polls Show Race Tightening in Florida |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122479684232764281 |website=Wall Street Journal |date=24 October 2008 |access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Chozick |first1=Amy |title=Candidates Focus on Western States |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122496954123469575 |website=Wall Street Journal |date=26 October 2008 |access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Knowlton |first1=Brian |title=In projections, Obama holds electoral lead |work=The New York Times |date=16 October 2008 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/16/world/americas/16iht-campaign.4.17029402.html?_r=1 |access-date=3 May 2020}}</ref> Its founders, aiming to provide ideological diversity, curated political stories, op-eds, news analyses, and editorials to offer readers a balanced view of the political landscape.<ref name="Chicago Tribune">{{cite news|url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|title=Real Clear Politics real clear on its growth, mission|work=Chicago Tribune|last=Johnson|first=Steve|date=February 7, 2008|access-date=April 7, 2008|archive-date=June 6, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606130729/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="The New York Sun2">{{cite news |date=March 10, 2008 |title=On Web, Political Junkies Make a Real Clear Choice |work=[[The New York Sun]] |url=http://www.nysun.com/business/on-web-political-junkies-make-a-real-clear-choice/72596/ |accessdate=2008-08-08 |archive-date=2015-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606135814/http://www.nysun.com/business/on-web-political-junkies-make-a-real-clear-choice/72596/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The site's utility was recognized by figures such as ''Politico''{{'}}s executive editor Jim VandeHei, who called it an essential resource for political enthusiasts.<ref name="Chicago Tribune2">{{cite news |author=Johnson, Steve |date=February 7, 2008 |title=Real Clear Politics real clear on its growth, mission |work=Chicago Tribune |url=http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html |access-date=April 7, 2008 |archive-date=June 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150606130729/http://featuresblogs.chicagotribune.com/technology_internetcritic/2008/02/real-clear-poli.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The ''Chicago Sun-Times'' in 2012 also acknowledged the site's balanced selection of stories, and BuzzFeed’s top editor praised its polling average as highly reliable.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2012-05-30 |title=Popular, Chicago-based political news website run by two family guys |url=https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/2012/5/30/18533292/popular-chicago-based-political-news-website-run-by-two-family-guys |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=Chicago Sun-Times |language=en}}</ref>


The site has shown a conservative inclination in its content and commentary, as noted by various sources over the years.<ref>Steffen Schmidt, Mack Shelley, Barbara Bardes, ''Cengage Advantage Books: American Government and Politics Today'' p. 140 [https://books.google.com/books?id=IXwJAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA140 Google.] Cengage Learning, 2012</ref> In early interviews and articles, founders McIntyre and Bevan openly discussed their conservative viewpoints and criticism of mainstream media biases. A 2001 ''Princeton Alumni Weekly'' article highlighted their political leanings,<ref name="princeton">Rob MacKay, [https://www.princeton.edu/paw/web_exclusives/more/more_20.html "Political junkies create Web site for opinion and analysis"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701194728/http://www.princeton.edu/paw/web_exclusives/more/more_20.html |date=2017-07-01 }}, June 6, 2001 ''Princeton Alumni Weekly''. Princeton</ref> and a 2004 ''Time'' article described the site's commentary section as "right-leaning."<ref name="rcp100">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/election2004/article/0,18471,724310,00.html|title=Cheat Sheet: Election Websites|access-date= 2009-07-15|magazine=Time|last=Stack |first=Patrick|date=October 14, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041016000559/http://www.time.com/time/election2004/article/0,18471,724310,00.html|archive-date=October 16, 2004 |url-status=dead|quote=RealClearPolitics.com scores points for its in-depth, right-leaning commentary section}}</ref> By 2009, it was considered part of the conservative media spectrum, and academic texts have described it as run by conservatives while providing a range of opinion pieces. This blend of perceived nonpartisanship and conservative tendencies has shaped its reputation and influence in political discourse.<ref name="davis-2009">Richard Davis, ''Typing Politics: The Role of Blogs in American Politics'' p. 54 (2009) [[Oxford University Press]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=PWZ2-5wla3MC Google].</ref><ref>Richard Davis, ''Politics Online: Blogs, Chatrooms, and Discussion Groups in American Democracy'' p. 43 (2013) Routledge [https://books.google.com/books?id=DjfKKDrTETgC Google].</ref>
The site has shown a conservative inclination in its content and commentary, as noted by various sources over the years.<ref>Steffen Schmidt, Mack Shelley, Barbara Bardes, ''Cengage Advantage Books: American Government and Politics Today'' p. 140 [https://books.google.com/books?id=IXwJAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA140 Google.] Cengage Learning, 2012</ref> In early interviews and articles, founders McIntyre and Bevan openly discussed their conservative viewpoints and criticism of mainstream media biases. A 2001 ''Princeton Alumni Weekly'' article highlighted their political leanings,<ref name="princeton">Rob MacKay, [https://www.princeton.edu/paw/web_exclusives/more/more_20.html "Political junkies create Web site for opinion and analysis"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701194728/http://www.princeton.edu/paw/web_exclusives/more/more_20.html |date=2017-07-01 }}, June 6, 2001 ''Princeton Alumni Weekly''. Princeton</ref> and a 2004 ''Time'' article described the site's commentary section as "right-leaning."<ref name="rcp100">{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/election2004/article/0,18471,724310,00.html|title=Cheat Sheet: Election Websites|access-date= 2009-07-15|magazine=Time|last=Stack |first=Patrick|date=October 14, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041016000559/http://www.time.com/time/election2004/article/0,18471,724310,00.html|archive-date=October 16, 2004 |url-status=dead|quote=RealClearPolitics.com scores points for its in-depth, right-leaning commentary section}}</ref> By 2009, it was considered part of the conservative media spectrum, and academic texts have described it as run by conservatives while providing a range of opinion pieces. This blend of perceived nonpartisanship and conservative tendencies has shaped its reputation and influence in political discourse.<ref name="davis-2009">Richard Davis, ''Typing Politics: The Role of Blogs in American Politics'' p. 54 (2009) [[Oxford University Press]] [https://books.google.com/books?id=PWZ2-5wla3MC Google].</ref><ref>Richard Davis, ''Politics Online: Blogs, Chatrooms, and Discussion Groups in American Democracy'' p. 43 (2013) Routledge [https://books.google.com/books?id=DjfKKDrTETgC Google].</ref>
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In 2016, RealClearInvestigations was launched,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.realclearinvestigations.com/about/index.html |title=A New Destination for Investigative Journalism |website=RealClearInvestigations |access-date=2019-11-12}}</ref> backed by foundations associated with conservative causes, such as the Ed Uihlein Family Foundation and [[Sarah Scaife Foundation]].<ref name=Stanley-Becker>Isaac Stanley-Becker & Craig Timberg, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/07/trumps-allies-turned-online-campaign-quest-unmask-ukraine-whistleblower/ Trump's allies turned to online campaign in quest to unmask Ukraine whistleblower], ''Washington Post'' (November 7, 2019).</ref> In 2019, the site published an article by a conservative author, [[Paul E. Sperry|Paul Sperry]], containing the supposed name of a U.S. intelligence officer who [[whistleblower|blew the whistle]] on the [[Trump–Ukraine scandal]].<ref name=Stanley-Becker/> The article's publication came as part of a month-long effort by Trump allies on media and social media to "unmask" the whistleblower, whose identity was kept confidential by the U.S. government, in accordance with whistleblower protection (anti-retaliation) laws.<ref name=Stanley-Becker/> Most publications declined to reveal the whistleblower's identity; Tom Kuntz, editor of RealClearInvestigations, defended the site's decision to publish the article.<ref name=Stanley-Becker/> Cannon stated that whistleblower protections did not ensure anonymity from journalism, instead guaranteeing protection from firing, prosecution, and professional punishment.<ref name = "CannonApril"/>
In 2016, RealClearInvestigations was launched,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.realclearinvestigations.com/about/index.html |title=A New Destination for Investigative Journalism |website=RealClearInvestigations |access-date=2019-11-12}}</ref> backed by foundations associated with conservative causes, such as the Ed Uihlein Family Foundation and [[Sarah Scaife Foundation]].<ref name=Stanley-Becker>Isaac Stanley-Becker & Craig Timberg, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/07/trumps-allies-turned-online-campaign-quest-unmask-ukraine-whistleblower/ Trump's allies turned to online campaign in quest to unmask Ukraine whistleblower], ''Washington Post'' (November 7, 2019).</ref> In 2019, the site published an article by a conservative author, [[Paul E. Sperry|Paul Sperry]], containing the supposed name of a U.S. intelligence officer who [[whistleblower|blew the whistle]] on the [[Trump–Ukraine scandal]].<ref name=Stanley-Becker/> The article's publication came as part of a month-long effort by Trump allies on media and social media to "unmask" the whistleblower, whose identity was kept confidential by the U.S. government, in accordance with whistleblower protection (anti-retaliation) laws.<ref name=Stanley-Becker/> Most publications declined to reveal the whistleblower's identity; Tom Kuntz, editor of RealClearInvestigations, defended the site's decision to publish the article.<ref name=Stanley-Becker/> Cannon stated that whistleblower protections did not ensure anonymity from journalism, instead guaranteeing protection from firing, prosecution, and professional punishment.<ref name = "CannonApril"/>

==Elections==
===2016 Presidential general election===
RealClearPolitics projected Hillary Clinton to win the 2016 U.S. presidential election with 272 electoral votes, narrowly beating Donald Trump. Their aggregation of national polls showed Clinton consistently leading in the popular vote. However, Trump outperformed his polling in several key swing states specifically Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania all states which RCP had Clinton winning, Trumps outperforming his polls lead to his victory in the Electoral College. Clinton won the popular vote by over 2.8 million votes, but Trump secured the presidency with 306 electoral votes compared to Clinton's 227, marking a significant deviation from RCP's prediction.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/2016_elections_electoral_college_map_no_toss_ups.html | title=RealClearPolitics - 2016 Election Maps - Battle for White House }}</ref>



===2020 Presidential general election===
In the 2020 election, RealClearPolitics projected Joe Biden winning with 319 electoral votes. RCP expected Biden to capture key battleground states, including Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania, which had flipped to Trump in 2016. RCP's final prediction closely aligned with the actual results, as Biden won 306 electoral votes to Trump's 232. The primary deviations from their forecast were that RCP had predicted Biden losing Georgia and winning Florida, neither of which occurred. Biden also won the popular vote by more than 7 million votes, with his performance largely matching polling projections in most states.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2020/president/2020_elections_electoral_college_map_no_toss_ups.html | title=RealClearPolitics - 2020 Election Maps - 2020 Electoral College Map }}</ref>


== Ownership ==
== Ownership ==

Revision as of 11:00, 25 August 2024

RealClearPolitics
RCP logo
Type of site
News aggregator, political commentary
Available inEnglish
OwnerRealClearInvestors and Crest Media
Created byJohn McIntyre, Tom Bevan
Key peopleTom Bevan (Publisher)
Carl M. Cannon (Executive Editor)
URLrealclearpolitics.com
CommercialYes
RegistrationOptional
LaunchedFebruary 3, 2000 (2000-02-03)[1]
Current statusOnline

RealClearPolitics (RCP) is an American political news website and polling data aggregator. The site was formed in 2000 by former options trader John McIntyre and former advertising agency account executive Tom Bevan.[2][3][4][5] It features selected political news stories and op-eds from various news publications in addition to commentary and original content from its own contributors.[3][6] RCP receives its most traffic during election seasons and is known for its aggregation of polling data.[7][8][9] In 2008, the site's founders said their goal was to give readers "ideological diversity", although in recent years it has become more associated with conservatism and the political right.[10][11]

Establishment

The website was founded in 2000 by McIntyre, a former trader at the Chicago Board Options Exchange, and Bevan, a former advertising agency account executive.[4] McIntyre explained "it really wasn't any more complicated than there should be a place online that pulled together all this quality information."[12] They call what they do "intelligent aggregation".[13] The site has grown in election-season spurts since it first went online. It has expanded from a two-man operation to a full-time staff of more than two dozen employees overseeing the company's mainstay, RealClearPolitics, as well as ten smaller sites.

Both co-founders graduated from Princeton in 1991. When they launched the site, they would both start their day at 4 a.m., looking through articles from more than fifty sources. They post pieces on current events and topics, as well as news about opinion polls. The site reports on political races and projections, and features the average result of all current presidential polls and also offers a best-guess projection of Electoral College votes.[4]

The site's poll average is a "widely referenced source". Major news outlets including CNN, Fox News, and The New York Times often cite its polling figures.[14][failed verification]

Political orientation

2000 to 2017

RealClearPolitics, often referred to as nonpartisan by sources like The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, emerged as a significant platform during the 2008 elections.[15][16][17] Its founders, aiming to provide ideological diversity, curated political stories, op-eds, news analyses, and editorials to offer readers a balanced view of the political landscape.[18][10] The site's utility was recognized by figures such as Politico's executive editor Jim VandeHei, who called it an essential resource for political enthusiasts.[19] The Chicago Sun-Times in 2012 also acknowledged the site's balanced selection of stories, and BuzzFeed’s top editor praised its polling average as highly reliable.[20]

The site has shown a conservative inclination in its content and commentary, as noted by various sources over the years.[21] In early interviews and articles, founders McIntyre and Bevan openly discussed their conservative viewpoints and criticism of mainstream media biases. A 2001 Princeton Alumni Weekly article highlighted their political leanings,[6] and a 2004 Time article described the site's commentary section as "right-leaning."[22] By 2009, it was considered part of the conservative media spectrum, and academic texts have described it as run by conservatives while providing a range of opinion pieces. This blend of perceived nonpartisanship and conservative tendencies has shaped its reputation and influence in political discourse.[23][24]

2017 onward

In November 2020, The New York Times published an article alleging that since 2017, when many of its "straight-news" reporting journalists were laid off, RealClearPolitics showed a pro-Trump turn with donations to its affiliated nonprofit increasing, much from entities supported by wealthy conservatives.[11] RCP executive editor Carl Cannon disputed the newspaper's allegations of a rightward turn, saying that he had solicited donations from both conservative and liberal donors, without them "buying coverage".[25] Several journalists who talked to The New York Times in 2020 said they never felt any pressure from the site's founders to bias their stories.[11] Cannon stated that RCP regularly publishes perspectives from both liberal and conservative publications, saying that "the simple fact is that the amount of liberal material published in RCP every week dwarfs the annual conservative content in The New York Times".[25]

The New York Times also said that "Real Clear became one of the most prominent platforms for elevating unverified and reckless stories about the president's political opponents, through a mix of its own content and articles from across conservative media...." and that for days after the election, "Real Clear Politics gave top billing to stories that reinforced the false narrative that the president could still somehow eke out a win."[11] Cannon responded by highlighting two articles suggesting that "Trump could somehow eke out a win" on RCP's front page by noting that 374 articles had been covered on its front page between the time of the election and The New York Times' article, including 16 articles from The New York Times itself.[25]

In 2016, RealClearInvestigations was launched,[26] backed by foundations associated with conservative causes, such as the Ed Uihlein Family Foundation and Sarah Scaife Foundation.[27] In 2019, the site published an article by a conservative author, Paul Sperry, containing the supposed name of a U.S. intelligence officer who blew the whistle on the Trump–Ukraine scandal.[27] The article's publication came as part of a month-long effort by Trump allies on media and social media to "unmask" the whistleblower, whose identity was kept confidential by the U.S. government, in accordance with whistleblower protection (anti-retaliation) laws.[27] Most publications declined to reveal the whistleblower's identity; Tom Kuntz, editor of RealClearInvestigations, defended the site's decision to publish the article.[27] Cannon stated that whistleblower protections did not ensure anonymity from journalism, instead guaranteeing protection from firing, prosecution, and professional punishment.[25]

Elections

2016 Presidential general election

RealClearPolitics projected Hillary Clinton to win the 2016 U.S. presidential election with 272 electoral votes, narrowly beating Donald Trump. Their aggregation of national polls showed Clinton consistently leading in the popular vote. However, Trump outperformed his polling in several key swing states specifically Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania all states which RCP had Clinton winning, Trumps outperforming his polls lead to his victory in the Electoral College. Clinton won the popular vote by over 2.8 million votes, but Trump secured the presidency with 306 electoral votes compared to Clinton's 227, marking a significant deviation from RCP's prediction.[28]


2020 Presidential general election

In the 2020 election, RealClearPolitics projected Joe Biden winning with 319 electoral votes. RCP expected Biden to capture key battleground states, including Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania, which had flipped to Trump in 2016. RCP's final prediction closely aligned with the actual results, as Biden won 306 electoral votes to Trump's 232. The primary deviations from their forecast were that RCP had predicted Biden losing Georgia and winning Florida, neither of which occurred. Biden also won the popular vote by more than 7 million votes, with his performance largely matching polling projections in most states.[29]

Ownership

Forbes Media LLC bought a 51% equity interest in the site in 2007.[30] On May 19, 2015, RealClearInvestors and Crest Media announced that they had bought out Forbes's stake for an undisclosed amount.[31]

RealClearPolitics also owns RealClearMarkets, RealClearWorld, and RealClearSports.[32] RealClearMarkets and RealClearSports were launched in November 2007. RealClearWorld, the international news and politics site, was launched in August 2008. RealClearScience and RealClearReligion launched in October 2010.[33] RealClearHistory launched in 2012. In 2013, RealClearDefense was launched to cover military, intelligence, and veterans' issues.[34]

Original content

In addition to linking to external content, RealClearPolitics also provides original commentary and reporting, with a staff that includes White House reporter Philip Wegmann,[35][36] White House and national political correspondent Susan Crabtree,[37][38][39] associate editor and columnist A.B. Stoddard,[40][41] and columnist J. Peder Zane.

Former employees include Caitlin Huey-Burns,[42] Alexis Simendinger, James Arkin,[43] Mike Memoli, Kyle Trygstad, Reid Wilson, and Rebecca (Berg) Buck.

Political poll averaging

RealClearPolitics aggregates polls for presidential and congressional races into averages, known as the RealClearPolitics average, which are widely cited by media outlets. Both major presidential campaigns in 2004 said that the RCP polling average was the best metric of the race.[44] In 2008, Nate Silver of FiveThirtyEight said that RealClearPolitics was rigging its averages to favor Senator John McCain and other Republicans, although he later receded from this claim, indicating that his site and RCP had a friendly rivalry.[45] McIntyre denied having a conservative bent, saying that the site was a business and had "no interest in screwing around with that for partisan purposes".[45]

In 2012, Ben Smith, editor-in-chief of BuzzFeed, said "They are a huge force. Their polling average is the Dow Jones of campaign coverage."[20]

Right before Super Tuesday during the 2016 presidential primaries, Bevan called Super Tuesday for Donald Trump, telling The New York Times, "It will be a Trump tsunami" and predicting a Trump victory in every state holding a primary that day except for Texas.[46]

An article in The New York Times said that "top political analysts" raised concerns about RealClearPolitics polling averages influenced by polls skewing towards Trump and not adhering to "best practices like person-to-person phone interviews" during the 2020 presidential elections.[11] Cannon responded by noting that RCP's polling average in the election was off by 1.47 points in favor of Democratic candidate Joe Biden across 7 battleground states, compared to 4.87 points in favor of Biden for polling conducted by The New York Times.[25]

Public opinion

In 2018, RealClear Media launched RealClear Opinion Research, a public opinion polling group.[47] The group has conducted public opinion polls about school choice for the American Federation for Children,[48] the confirmation of Judge Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court for the National Catholic Register,[49] and civic education for the Jack Miller Center.[50]

See also

References

  1. ^ "RealClearPolitics.com WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info". WHOIS. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
  2. ^ "Polling Averages". RealClearPolitics.com. April 21, 2008. Retrieved April 21, 2008.
  3. ^ a b D'Agostino, Joseph A. (March 31, 2003). "Conservative Spotlight: Real Clear Politics". Human Events. 59 (11): 16.
  4. ^ a b c Zorn, Eric (October 26, 2004). "Political site polls well with election junkies". Chicago Tribune: Metro, 1. Archived from the original on January 19, 2013.
  5. ^ Wolinsky, Howard (September 18, 2006). "Politicking pays off: Web site a must-read for political fanatics". Chicago Sun-Times: 55.
  6. ^ a b Rob MacKay, "Political junkies create Web site for opinion and analysis" Archived 2017-07-01 at the Wayback Machine, June 6, 2001 Princeton Alumni Weekly. Princeton
  7. ^ Jones, Tim (October 19, 2008). "Candidates come courting the Hoosiers". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  8. ^ "Obama's surge swamps Hillary". February 10, 2008. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  9. ^ "Obama cuts into Clinton's majority – US Election – smh.com.au". Smh.com.au. April 9, 2008. Retrieved January 22, 2017.
  10. ^ a b "On Web, Political Junkies Make a Real Clear Choice". The New York Sun. March 10, 2008. Archived from the original on June 6, 2015. Retrieved August 8, 2008.
  11. ^ a b c d e Peters, Jeremy W. (November 17, 2020). "A Popular Political Site Made a Sharp Right Turn. What Steered It?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 20, 2020.
  12. ^ Wolgemuth, Liz (December 12, 2007). "Political Junkies Spawn a Real, Clear Success". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
  13. ^ "Real Clear Politics Real Clear on its Growth, Mission". The Chicago Tribune. February 7, 2008. Archived from the original on June 6, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
  14. ^ Greenberg, Kara (January 24, 2023). "Understanding RealClearPolitics: The Go-To Site for Political News and Analysis". Road Trekin. Retrieved July 11, 2023.
  15. ^ Holmes, Elizabeth (October 24, 2008). "Polls Show Race Tightening in Florida". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  16. ^ Chozick, Amy (October 26, 2008). "Candidates Focus on Western States". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  17. ^ Knowlton, Brian (October 16, 2008). "In projections, Obama holds electoral lead". The New York Times. Retrieved May 3, 2020.
  18. ^ Johnson, Steve (February 7, 2008). "Real Clear Politics real clear on its growth, mission". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on June 6, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
  19. ^ Johnson, Steve (February 7, 2008). "Real Clear Politics real clear on its growth, mission". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on June 6, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
  20. ^ a b "Popular, Chicago-based political news website run by two family guys". Chicago Sun-Times. May 30, 2012. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
  21. ^ Steffen Schmidt, Mack Shelley, Barbara Bardes, Cengage Advantage Books: American Government and Politics Today p. 140 Google. Cengage Learning, 2012
  22. ^ Stack, Patrick (October 14, 2004). "Cheat Sheet: Election Websites". Time. Archived from the original on October 16, 2004. Retrieved July 15, 2009. RealClearPolitics.com scores points for its in-depth, right-leaning commentary section
  23. ^ Richard Davis, Typing Politics: The Role of Blogs in American Politics p. 54 (2009) Oxford University Press Google.
  24. ^ Richard Davis, Politics Online: Blogs, Chatrooms, and Discussion Groups in American Democracy p. 43 (2013) Routledge Google.
  25. ^ a b c d e "The New York Times vs. RealClearPolitics". Real Clear. April 4, 2024.
  26. ^ "A New Destination for Investigative Journalism". RealClearInvestigations. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
  27. ^ a b c d Isaac Stanley-Becker & Craig Timberg, Trump's allies turned to online campaign in quest to unmask Ukraine whistleblower, Washington Post (November 7, 2019).
  28. ^ "RealClearPolitics - 2016 Election Maps - Battle for White House".
  29. ^ "RealClearPolitics - 2020 Election Maps - 2020 Electoral College Map".
  30. ^ "Forbes Media Acquires Fifty-One Percent Stake in RealClearPolitics.com". Forbes (Press release). November 7, 2007 – via Business Wire.
  31. ^ "Crest Media And Real Clear Investors Buy Remaining Stake In RealClearPolitics" (Press release). Crest Media. May 19, 2015 – via PRNewswire.com.
  32. ^ Gustafson, Colin (March 10, 2008). "On Web, Political Junkies Make a Real Clear Choice". The New York Sun. Retrieved August 8, 2008.
  33. ^ "New RealClear Sites Launching Today – Real Clear Politics – TIME.com". Archived from the original on October 18, 2010.
  34. ^ "RealClearDefense – Opinion, News, Analysis, Video and Polls". Realcleardefense.com.
  35. ^ "Philip Wegmann". Linkedin.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  36. ^ "Philip Wegmann". Realclearpolitics.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  37. ^ "Susan Crabtree". Realclearpolitics.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  38. ^ "Susan Crabtree". Twitter.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  39. ^ "Susan Crabtree". Linkedin.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  40. ^ "A.B. Stoddard". The Bulwark. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  41. ^ "A.B. Stoddard". Realclearpolitics.com. Retrieved June 1, 2022.
  42. ^ "Caitlin Huey-Burns". Business Insider. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  43. ^ "James Arkin". C-SPAN. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  44. ^ Zito, Salena (October 23, 2022). "RealClearPolitics launches accountability project to preserve public trust in good polling". Washington Examiner. Retrieved June 29, 2023.
  45. ^ a b Becker, Bernie (October 28, 2008). "Political Polling Sites Are in a Race of Their Own". The New York Times. Retrieved November 7, 2009.
  46. ^ Williamson, Elizabeth (March 1, 2016). "What the Polls Say About Super Tuesday and Beyond". The New York Times. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
  47. ^ "RealClear Opinion Research | RealClearPolitics". www.realclearmediagroup.com. Retrieved October 12, 2023.
  48. ^ "National Poll by RealClear Opinion Research Shows Strong School Choice Support". American Federation for Children. December 6, 2019. Retrieved October 12, 2023.
  49. ^ "EWTN News/RealClear Opinion Research Poll No. 4 Finds Catholics Support Judge Amy Coney Barrett for the Supreme Court". NCR. October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2023.
  50. ^ Zemaitaitis, Anna (December 8, 2022). "Nationwide Parents' Poll on Civic Education - Jack Miller Center". Jack Miller Center -. Retrieved October 12, 2023.
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