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{{short description|Mexican actress}}
{{Short description|Mexican actress (born 1931)}}
{{Distinguish|Sylvia Pinel}}
{{Distinguish|Sylvia Pinel}}
{{Copy edit|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Family name hatnote|Pinal|Hidalgo|lang=Spanish}}
{{Family name hatnote|Pinal|Hidalgo|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = [[Order of Isabella the Catholic|''Señora'']]
| honorific_prefix = [[The Most Excellent]]
| name = Silvia Pinal
| name = Silvia Pinal
| honorific_suffix = [[Order of Isabella the Catholic|CYC]]
| image = Silvia Pinal in Maribel y la extraña familia (1960) (cropped).jpg
| image = Silvia Pinal in Maribel y la extraña familia (1960) (cropped).jpg
| caption = Pinal in ''[[Maribel and the Strange Family|Maribel y la extraña familia]]'' (1960)
| caption = Pinal in ''[[Maribel and the Strange Family|Maribel y la extraña familia]]'' (1960)
| birth_name = Silvia Pinal Hidalgo<ref name="name">{{cite AV media |title=¿Por qué Sylvia Pasquel se cambió el nombre? |people=Sylvia Pasquel |date=15 September 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVN_PY4c5WM |medium=Online video platform |language=es |publisher=Imagen Entretenimiento |accessdate=15 May 2022 |time=0:21 |quote=Es que mi mamá es Silvia Pasquel, realmente yo me llamo como debería llamarse mi mamá. Mi mamá es hija de Moisés Pasquel, y después mi abuela se casó con Luis Pinal Blanco, y mi, mi abuelo la, la reconoce. |id=kVN_PY4c5WM}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |title=Silvia Pinal...frente a ti - Capítulo 1: Silvia descubre el secreto de su madre, Televisa |people=Silvia Pinal |date=24 February 2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vprftG9raLE |medium=Vídeo en plataforma de internet |language=es |publisher=Las Estrellas |accessdate=15 May 2022 |time=10:53 |quote=Quien tiene derechos también tiene obligaciones, y usted no ha cumplido ni una sola de ellas. Jamás le dio comida, jamás le dio techo, y ni siquiera la reconoció, y además Silvia no lleva su apellido, lleva el mío, Pinal. |id=vprftG9raLE}}</ref>
| birth_name = Silvia Pinal Hidalgo<ref name="name">{{cite AV media |title=¿Por qué Sylvia Pasquel se cambió el nombre? |people=Sylvia Pasquel |date=15 September 2018|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVN_PY4c5WM |medium=Online video platform |language=es |publisher=Imagen Entretenimiento |accessdate=15 May 2022 |time=0:21 |quote=Es que mi mamá es Silvia Pasquel, realmente yo me llamo como debería llamarse mi mamá. Mi mamá es hija de Moisés Pasquel, y después mi abuela se casó con Luis Pinal Blanco, y mi, mi abuelo la, la reconoce. |id=kVN_PY4c5WM}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |title=Silvia Pinal...frente a ti - Capítulo 1: Silvia descubre el secreto de su madre, Televisa |people=Silvia Pinal |date=24 February 2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vprftG9raLE |medium=Vídeo en plataforma de internet |language=es |publisher=Las Estrellas |accessdate=15 May 2022 |time=10:53 |quote=Quien tiene derechos también tiene obligaciones, y usted no ha cumplido ni una sola de ellas. Jamás le dio comida, jamás le dio techo, y ni siquiera la reconoció, y además Silvia no lleva su apellido, lleva el mío, Pinal. |id=vprftG9raLE}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1931|9|12}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1931|9|12}}
| birth_place = [[Guaymas]], [[Sonora]], Mexico
| birth_place = [[Guaymas]], [[Sonora]], [[Mexico]]
| occupation = Actress, singer, stage and television producer, politician
| occupation = Actress, singer, stage and television producer, politician
| years_active = 1949–present
| years_active = 1949–present
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* {{marriage|[[Gustavo Alatriste]]|1961|1967|reason=divorce}}
* {{marriage|[[Gustavo Alatriste]]|1961|1967|reason=divorce}}
* {{marriage|[[Enrique Guzmán]]|1967|1976|reason=divorce}}
* {{marriage|[[Enrique Guzmán]]|1967|1976|reason=divorce}}
* {{marriage|Tulio Hernández|1982|1995|reason=divorce}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lasestrellas.tv/espectaculos-1/tus-estrellas-1/silvia-pinal-huyo-en-la-cajuela-de-un-carro-para-no-ir-a-la-carcel|title=La historia de cuando Silvia Pinal huyó en la cajuela de un carro para no ir a la cárcel|date=22 March 2019|language=es|first=Paulina|last=Flores|access-date=12 August 2020}}</ref>
* {{marriage|[[Tulio Hernández Gómez|Tulio Hernández]]|1982|1995|reason=divorce}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lasestrellas.tv/espectaculos-1/tus-estrellas-1/silvia-pinal-huyo-en-la-cajuela-de-un-carro-para-no-ir-a-la-carcel|title=La historia de cuando Silvia Pinal huyó en la cajuela de un carro para no ir a la cárcel|date=22 March 2019|language=es|first=Paulina|last=Flores|access-date=12 August 2020}}</ref>
}}
| children = 4, including {{plainlist|
* [[Sylvia Pasquel]]
* [[Viridiana Alatriste]]
* [[Alejandra Guzmán]]
}}
}}
| children = 4, including {{ubl|[[Sylvia Pasquel]]|[[Viridiana Alatriste]]|[[Alejandra Guzmán]]}}
| education = [[El Colegio de México]]<br/>[[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura|National Institute of Fine Arts and Literature]]
| education = [[El Colegio de México]]<br/>[[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura|National Institute of Fine Arts and Literature]]
}}
}}


'''Silvia Pinal Hidalgo,''' born 12 September 1931,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvazteca.com/aztecauno/venga-la-alegria/galerias-vla/galerias/fotos-silvia-pinal-cumple-89-anos-este-12-de-septiembre-conoce-la-trayectoria-de-una-grande-del-cine-mexicano-en-esta-imperdible-galeria|title=FOTOS: Silvia Pinal cumple 89 años este 12 de septiembre. ¡Conoce la trayectoria de una grande del cine mexicano en esta imperdible galería!|date=12 September 2020|publisher=[[TV Azteca]]|access-date=14 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/espectaculos/2020/9/12/derrochaba-sensualidad-asi-de-bella-era-silvia-pinal-en-su-juventud-fotos-2967.html|title=¡Derrochaba sensualidad! Así de bella era Silvia Pinal en su juventud: FOTOS|date=12 September 2020|access-date=14 September 2020|work=[[El Heraldo de México]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.e-consulta.com/nota/2020-09-12/espectaculos/silvia-pinal-celebra-este-12-de-septiembre-su-cumpleanos-89|title=Silvia Pinal celebra este 12 de septiembre su cumpleaños 89|work=e-consulta.com|date=12 September 2020|access-date=14 September 2020}}</ref> is a Mexican [[Actor|actress]]. She began her career in the theater, venturing into cinema in 1949. She is one of [[Mexico]]'s greatest female stars, one of the last surviving major stars from the [[Golden Age of Mexican cinema]] and part of the [[Golden Age of Hollywood]] for her film ''[[Shark!]]'' (1969). Her work in film and popularity in her native country led Pinal to work in [[Europe]] (Spain and Italy). Pinal achieved international recognition by starring in a famous film trilogy directed by [[Luis Buñuel]]: ''[[Viridiana]]'' (1961), ''[[El ángel exterminador]]'' (1962) and ''[[Simón del desierto|Simón del Desierto]]'' (1965).
'''Silvia Pinal Hidalgo''' (born 12 September 1931)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvazteca.com/aztecauno/venga-la-alegria/galerias-vla/galerias/fotos-silvia-pinal-cumple-89-anos-este-12-de-septiembre-conoce-la-trayectoria-de-una-grande-del-cine-mexicano-en-esta-imperdible-galeria|title=FOTOS: Silvia Pinal cumple 89 años este 12 de septiembre. ¡Conoce la trayectoria de una grande del cine mexicano en esta imperdible galería!|date=12 September 2020|publisher=[[TV Azteca]]|access-date=14 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/espectaculos/2020/9/12/derrochaba-sensualidad-asi-de-bella-era-silvia-pinal-en-su-juventud-fotos-2967.html|title=¡Derrochaba sensualidad! Así de bella era Silvia Pinal en su juventud: FOTOS|date=12 September 2020|access-date=14 September 2020|work=[[El Heraldo de México]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.e-consulta.com/nota/2020-09-12/espectaculos/silvia-pinal-celebra-este-12-de-septiembre-su-cumpleanos-89|title=Silvia Pinal celebra este 12 de septiembre su cumpleaños 89|work=e-consulta.com|date=12 September 2020|access-date=14 September 2020}}</ref> is a Mexican [[Actor|actress]]. She began her career in the theater, venturing into cinema in 1949. She is one of [[Mexico]]'s greatest female stars, one of the last surviving major stars from the [[Golden Age of Mexican cinema]] and part of the [[Golden Age of Hollywood]] for her film ''[[Shark!]]'' (1969). Her work in film and popularity in her native country led Pinal to work in [[Europe]] (Spain and Italy). Pinal achieved international recognition by starring in a famous film trilogy directed by [[Luis Buñuel]]: ''[[Viridiana]]'' (1961), ''[[El ángel exterminador]]'' (1962) and ''[[Simón del desierto|Simón del Desierto]]'' (1965).


In addition to her film career, Pinal pioneered [[musical theatre]] in Mexico,<ref>[https://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/preacceso/articulo/default.aspx?id=937553&v=7&urlredirect=https://www.reforma.com/aplicaciones/articulo/default.aspx?Id=937553&v=7 ''Reforma.com: Silvia Pinal, pionneer of the Musical Theatre in Mexico'']</ref> ventured into television, and held political office charges.
In addition to her film career, Pinal was a pioneer in Mexican [[musical theatre]],<ref>[https://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/preacceso/articulo/default.aspx?id=937553&v=7&urlredirect=https://www.reforma.com/aplicaciones/articulo/default.aspx?Id=937553&v=7 ''Reforma.com: Silvia Pinal, pioneer of the Musical Theatre in Mexico'']</ref> ventured into television, and held political office.


==Early life==
==Early life==
Silvia Pinal Hidalgo<ref name="name"/> was born in [[Guaymas]], [[Sonora]], Mexico on 12 September 1931. Her parents were María Luisa Hidalgo Aguilar and Moisés Pasquel. Pasquel was an orchestra conductor at the Mexican radio station [[XEW-AM|XEW]]. Pinal's mother became pregnant with Pasquel when she was 15 years old. Her father did not recognize her, and Pinal did not know him until she was 11.<ref>[http://www.tvynovelas.com/us/en-exclusiva/15/12/2/Silvia-Pinal-confiesa-fuerte-traicion-hija-libro-esta-soy-yo/ TVyNovelas México: Silvia Pinal presents her autobiographic book'']</ref> On the part of her biological father, Pinal had three more brothers: Eugenio, Moisés, and Virginia. However, Pinal never spent time with the Pasquel family.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pinal |first1=Silvia |title="Esta soy yo" |date=2015 |publisher=Editorial Porrúa |location=México City |isbn=978-607-09-2109-4 |pages=24, 25 }}</ref> Pinal spent her first years behind the counter of a seafood restaurant near the XEW, where her mother worked. When Pinal was five years old, her mother married Luis G. Pinal, whom they called "El Caballero Pinal", a journalist, military man, and politician twenty years her senior. Pinal adopted Silvia as his daughter. In later interviews, she asserted him as her only father. Pinal had three daughters from a previous marriage: Mercedes, Beatriz, and Eugenia.
Silvia Pinal Hidalgo<ref name="name"/> was born in [[Guaymas]], [[Sonora]], Mexico. Her parents were María Luisa Hidalgo Aguilar and Moisés Pasquel. Pasquel was an orchestra conductor at the Mexican radio station [[XEW-AM|XEW]]. Pinal's mother became pregnant by Pasquel when she was 15 years old. Her father did not acknowledge Silvia as his child, and Pinal did not know him until she was 11 years old.<ref>[http://www.tvynovelas.com/us/en-exclusiva/15/12/2/Silvia-Pinal-confiesa-fuerte-traicion-hija-libro-esta-soy-yo/ TVyNovelas México: Silvia Pinal presents her autobiographic book'']</ref> Her biological father sired three more sons: Eugenio, Moisés, and Virginia. However, Pinal never spent time with the Pasquel family.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pinal |first1=Silvia |title="Esta soy yo" |date=2015 |publisher=Editorial Porrúa |location=México City |isbn=978-607-09-2109-4 |pages=24, 25 }}</ref> Pinal spent her first years behind the counter of a seafood restaurant near the XEW, where her mother worked. When she was five years old, her mother married Luis G. Pinal, whom they called "El Caballero Pinal" ("Sir Pinal"), a journalist, military man, and politician twenty years her senior. Pinal subsequently adopted Silvia as his daughter, and in later interviews, she described Pinal as her only father. Pinal also had three daughters from a previous marriage: Mercedes, Beatriz, and Eugenia.


Pinal held several public positions in Mexico, including the municipal president of [[Tequisquiapan]], [[Querétaro]]. The family lived in several cities in Mexico including Querétaro, [[Acapulco]], [[Monterrey]], [[Chilpancingo]], [[Cuernavaca]] and [[Puebla]], before finally settling in [[Mexico City]].
Sr. Pinal held several public positions in Mexico, including the municipal president of [[Tequisquiapan]], [[Querétaro]]. The family lived in several cities in Mexico, including Querétaro, [[Acapulco]], [[Monterrey]], [[Chilpancingo]], [[Cuernavaca]] and [[Puebla]], before finally settling in [[Mexico City]].


Pinal has been fascinated by show business since she was a child. In addition to film and music, she liked to write and recite poems.<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 15</ref> She studied first at Pestalozzi College in Cuernavaca and then at the Washington Institute in Mexico City. Despite her artistic aspirations, her father conditioned her to study "something useful," so she learned typing. At age 14, she began working at [[Kodak]] as a secretary.<ref>{{cite book |last1=García Riera |first1=Emilio |title=El Cine de Silvia Pínl |date=1996 |publisher=Universidad de Guadalajara / Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía |isbn=978-968-895-714-1 |page=20 }}</ref>
Pinal has had an interest in show business since she was a child. In addition to film and music, she liked to write and recite poems.<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 15</ref> She studied first at Pestalozzi College in Cuernavaca and then at the Washington Institute in Mexico City. Despite her artistic aspirations, her father cautioned her to look for "something useful," so she learned to type. At age 14, she began working as a secretary at [[Kodak]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=García Riera |first1=Emilio |title=El Cine de Silvia Pínl |date=1996 |publisher=Universidad de Guadalajara / Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía |isbn=978-968-895-714-1 |page=20 }}</ref>


Pinal wanted to study opera and began to prepare by taking classes with a private teacher and then with Professor Reyes Retana. Her first step toward fame occurred when she was invited to participate in a beauty pageant. In this contest, Pinal obtained the title of Student Princess of Mexico. At her coronation, she met the actors [[Rubén Rojo]] and [[Manolo Fábregas]], with whom she became close friends.<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 28</ref> While studying bel canto, Pinal went to work as a secretary in the pharmaceutical laboratories of Carlos Stein. At the music academy, Pinal auditioned for a role in the opera [[La Traviata]]. However, the audition was a failure. A teacher encouraged her to take acting courses at the [[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes]] where she was a classmate of figures such as [[Carlos Pellicer]], [[Salvador Novo]] and [[Xavier Villaurrutia]].<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 31</ref> She debuted as an extra in a performance of ''[[A Midsummer Night's Dream]]'' by [[William Shakespeare]].<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 21">García Riera (1996), p. 21</ref>
Pinal went to study opera and began preparing by taking classes, first with a private teacher and then with Professor Reyes Retana. Her first step toward fame occurred when she was invited to participate in a beauty pageant. In this contest, Pinal obtained the title of Student Princess of Mexico. At her coronation, she met the actors [[Rubén Rojo]] and [[Manolo Fábregas]], with whom she became close friends.<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 28</ref> While studying bel canto, Pinal went to work as a secretary in the pharmaceutical laboratories of Carlos Stein. At the music academy, Pinal auditioned for a role in the opera ''[[La Traviata]]''. However, the audition was a failure. A teacher encouraged her to take acting courses at the [[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes]] where she was a classmate of figures such as [[Carlos Pellicer]], [[Salvador Novo]] and [[Xavier Villaurrutia]].<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 31</ref> She debuted as an extra in a performance of ''[[A Midsummer Night's Dream]]'' by [[William Shakespeare]].<ref name="El Cine de Silvia Pínl">{{cite book |last1=García Riera |first1=Emilio |title=El Cine de Silvia Pínl |date=1996 |publisher=Universidad de Guadalajara / Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía |isbn=978-968-895-714-1 |page=21 }}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==


===Beginning===
===Beginning===
Pinal continued working in the advertising department of a pharmaceutical products firm. Knowing that she was studying acting, her boss allowed her to participate in recording radio comedies in the XEQ. She debuted in the comedy ''Dos pesos la dejada''.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 21"/>
Pinal continued working in the advertising department of a pharmaceutical products firm. Knowing that she was studying acting, her boss allowed her to participate in recording radio comedies in the XEQ. She debuted in the comedy ''Dos pesos la Tejada''.<ref name="El Cine de Silvia Pínl"/>


At the radio station, Pinal met publicists who invited her to become part of an experimental company. With that company, she made her debut in the play ''Los Caprichos de Goya''. The director of this work was the Mexican actor and director of Cuban origin [[Rafael Banquells]], with whom Pinal began an employment relationship and a close friendship that led to romance. Rafael Banquells got the master Carlos Laverne to allow them to use the Ideal Theater of Mexico City for their productions. Laverne chose Pinal to participate in a montage with the company of the Ideal Theater, directed by the Spanish actress Isabelita Blanch. The work was called ''Nuestra Natacha''. Pinal acted in numerous works for this company. Her first star work was ''Un sueño de cristal''.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 22">García Riera (1996), p. 22</ref>
At the radio station, Pinal met publicists inviting her to join an experimental company. With that company, she debuted in the play ''Los Caprichos de Goya''. The director of this work was the Cuban-Mexican actor and director [[Rafael Banquells]], with whom Pinal began an employment relationship and a close friendship that led to romance. Banquells got Carlos Laverne to allow them to use the Ideal Theater of Mexico City for their productions. Laverne chose Pinal to participate in a montage with the company of the Ideal Theater, directed by the Spanish actress Isabelita Blanch. The work was called ''Nuestra Natacha''. Pinal acted in numerous works for this company. Her first star work was ''Un sueño de cristal''.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 22">García Riera (1996), p. 22</ref>


===Film===
===Film===
Just fifteen days after she debuted in the theater, Pinal made her debut in the cinema with a brief role in ''Bamba'' (1949), starring [[Carmen Montejo]] and directed by [[Miguel Contreras Torres]]. Contreras Torres had seen her work at the Ideal Theatre and invited her to participate in the project. Contreras Torres was a tough and strict director who made Pinal suffer for her inexperience. Eventually, that same year, she performed in the film ''El pecado de Laura'', directed by [[Julián Soler]] and starring [[Meche Barba]]. In that film, she worked for the first time in cinema with Rafael Banquells, who was already her husband at that time. Immediately she made another small role in the film ''Escuela para casadas'', by [[Miguel Zacarías]]. Pinal met and worked for the first time with the popular actor and singer [[Pedro Infante]] in the film ''La mujer que yo perdí''. The actor and comedian [[Cantinflas]] (her wedding godfather) chose Pinal as his co-star in ''[[The Doorman (1950 film)|The Doorman]]'' (1950), which was a massive step for the young and new actress. But her first solid step towards popularity was her participation in the comedy ''[[El rey del barrio]]'' (1949), where she formed a great comedic pair with [[Germán Valdés|Germán Valdés "Tin-Tán"]], directed by [[Gilberto Martínez Solares]]. Pinal and Tin Tán acted together in two more films: ''La marca del zorrillo'' (1950) and ''Me traes de un ala '' (1952).
Just fifteen days after she debuted in the theater, Pinal made her debut in the cinema with a brief role in ''Bamba'' (1949), starring [[Carmen Montejo]] and directed by [[Miguel Contreras Torres]]. Contreras Torres had seen her work at the Ideal Theatre and invited her to participate in the project. Contreras Torres was a demanding, strict director who made Pinal suffer for her inexperience. Eventually, that same year, she performed in the film ''El pecado de Laura'', directed by [[Julián Soler]] and starring [[Meche Barba]]. In that film, she worked for the first time in cinema with Rafael Banquells, who had become her husband. Immediately, she made another small role in the movie ''Escuela para casadas'', by [[Miguel Zacarías]]. Pinal met and worked with the famous actor and singer [[Pedro Infante]] in the film ''La mujer que yo perdí'' for the first time. The actor and comedian [[Cantinflas]] (her wedding godfather) chose Pinal as his co-star in ''[[The Doorman (1950 film)|The Doorman]]'' (1950), which was a massive step for the new, young actress. But her first solid step towards popularity was her participation in the comedy ''[[El rey del barrio]]'' (1949), where she formed a tremendous comedic pair with [[Germán Valdés|Germán Valdés "Tin-Tán"]], directed by [[Gilberto Martínez Solares]]. Pinal and Tin Tán acted together in two more films: ''La Marca del zorrillo'' (1950) and ''Me Traes de un ala '' (1952). Pinal participated in minor roles in several more films.
Pinal participated in minor roles in several more films.


Pinal received her first significant recognition, her first [[Silver Ariel]] Award as a co-starring actress, for her performance in the film ''[[Un rincón cerca del cielo]]'' (1952), where she worked again with Pedro Infante. In 1952, she performed with Joaquín Pardavé in the comedies ''Doña Mariquita de mi corazón]'' and ''El casto Susano''.
Pinal's first significant award was a [[Silver Ariel]] as a supporting actress for her performance in the film ''[[Un rincón cerca del cielo]]'' (1952), where she worked again with Pedro Infante. In 1952, she performed with Joaquín Pardavé in the comedies ''Doña Mariquita de mi corazón]'' and ''El casto Susano''.


In 1953, Pinal signed a contract with the FILMEX studios of [[Gregorio Walerstein]], who gave her first stellar works in the films ''Reventa de esclavas'' (1953) and ''Yo soy muy macho'' (1953). In that same year, she did her first musical work with the film ''Mis tres viudas alegres'', where she shared credits with [[Lilia del Valle]] and the Cuban rumbera [[Amalia Aguilar]]. The film's success led the three actresses to star, that same year, in the comedy ''Las cariñosas''. In that same year, she acted with [[Libertad Lamarque]] in ''Si volvieras a mí''.
In 1953, Pinal signed a contract with the FILMEX studios of [[Gregorio Walerstein]], who gave her her first starring roles in the films ''Reventa de esclavas'' (1953) and ''Yo soy muy macho'' (1953). In that same year, she did her first musical work with the film ''Mis tres viudas alegres'', where she shared credits with [[Lilia del Valle]] and the Cuban rumba [[Amalia Aguilar]]. The film's success led the three actresses to star, that same year, in the comedy ''Las cariñosas''. That same year, she acted with [[Libertad Lamarque]] in ''Si volvieras a mí''.


Pinal achieved success and recognition in 1954 after participating in the film ''Un extraño en la escalera'', directed by [[Tulio Demicheli]], and starring opposite [[Arturo de Córdova]]. De Córdova wanted as his co-stars the Italian actress [[Gina Lollobrigida]] or the Cuban rumbera [[Rosa Carmina]], because he distrusted Pinal due to her youth. With the support of the producer Gregorio Walerstein, Pinal made a change of image, highlighting her sex appeal, which helped her to be approved by De Cordova for the film. The film was filmed in [[Havana]], Cuba, and it was a remarkable blockbuster, which consecrates Pinal as the first figure in the cinema.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 65–66</ref>
Pinal achieved success and recognition in 1954 after participating in the film ''Un extraño en la escalera'', directed by [[Tulio Demicheli]], and starring opposite [[Arturo de Córdova]]. De Córdova wanted as his co-stars the Italian actress [[Gina Lollobrigida]] or the Cuban rumba [[Rosa Carmina]] because he distrusted Pinal due to her youth. With the support of the producer Gregorio Walerstein, Pinal made a change of image, highlighting her sex appeal, which helped her to be approved by De Cordova for the film. The film was filmed in [[Havana]], Cuba, and was a remarkable blockbuster, consecrating Pinal as an A-list film actress.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 65–66</ref>


Another director who knew how to make the most of Pinal's histrionic abilities was [[Alberto Gout]]. Under the baton of Gout, Pinal made the film ''La sospechosa'' (1954). Another great movie in which Pinal participates is ''Historia de un abrigo de mink'' (1954), an episodic film in that Pinal co-stars with the actresses [[María Elena Marqués]], [[Columba Domínguez]] and [[Irasema Dilián]]. With [[Tito Davison]] as director, Pinal also filmed the Mexican-Spanish-Chilean co-production ''Cabo de Hornos'' (1955), along with the actor [[Jorge Mistral]]. Pinal worked again with Pedro Infante as his co-star in the famous comedy ''[[El inocente]]'' (1955).
Another director who knew how to make the most of Pinal's histrionic abilities was [[Alberto Gout]]. Under Gout's direction, Pinal made the film ''La sospechosa'' (1954). Another great movie in which Pinal participated is ''Historia de un abrigo de mink'' (1954), an episodic film wherein Pinal co-starred with actresses [[María Elena Marqués]], [[Columba Domínguez]] and [[Irasema Dilián]]. With [[Tito Davison]] as director, Pinal also filmed the Mexican-Spanish-Chilean co-production ''Cabo de Hornos'' (1955), along with the actor [[Jorge Mistral]]. Pinal worked again with Pedro Infante as his co-star in the famous comedy ''[[El inocente]]'' (1955).


Pinal starred in several films by Tulio Demicheli. Among the most outstanding is ''Locura pasional'' (1955), which would bring her first Silver Ariel award as best actress. The second was thanks to her role in the film ''La dulce enemiga'' (1957), directed by Tito Davison.
Pinal starred in several films by Tulio Demicheli. Among the most outstanding is ''Locura pasional'' (1955), which would bring her first Silver Ariel award as best actress. The second was thanks to her role in the film ''La dulce enemiga'' (1957), directed by Tito Davison.
In 1956, Pinal starred in the film ''Una cita de amor'' (1956), where she worked for the first and only time under the direction of the director [[Emilio Fernández]].
In 1956, Pinal starred in the film ''Una cita de amor'' (1956), where she worked for the first and only time under the direction of the director [[Emilio Fernández]].


The popularity and success of Pinal in Mexico opened the doors for her to work in Europe. following the advice of Tulio Demicheli. Her first work in the Old Continent is in the Spanish-Mexican co-production ''Las locuras de Bárbara'' (1958), directed by Demicheli. From the hand of Demicheli Silvia starred in Spain the musical film ''Charleston''.
The popularity and success of Pinal in Mexico opened the doors for her to work in Europe, following the advice of Tulio Demicheli. Her first work in the Old World was in the Spanish-Mexican co-production ''Las locuras de Bárbara'' (1958), directed by Demicheli and from the hand of Demicheli, Silvia starred in the Spanish musical film ''Charleston''.


[[File:Silvia Pinal & Elke Sommer (cropped).JPG|thumb|Pinal with [[Elke Sommer]] in ''[[Men and Noblemen|Uomini e Nobiluomini]]'' (1959)]]
[[File:Silvia Pinal & Elke Sommer (cropped).JPG|thumb|Pinal with [[Elke Sommer]] in ''[[Men and Noblemen|Uomini e Nobiluomini]]'' (1959)]]


Given the success of her films in Europe, Pinal was invited to work in Italy, where she also served as producer of the film ''[[Men and Noblemen|Uomini e Nobiluomini]]'' (1959), in which she starred next to [[Vittorio de Sica]] and [[Elke Sommer]].
Given the success of her films in Europe, Pinal was invited to work in Italy, where she also served as producer of the film ''[[Men and Noblemen|Uomini e Nobiluomini]]'' (1959), in which she co-starred with [[Vittorio de Sica]] and [[Elke Sommer]].


Under the direction of [[José María Forqué]], Pinal starred in Spain in the film ''Maribel y la extraña familia'' (1960). In 1961 she filmed the Spanish musical film ''Adiós, Mimí Pompom'', next to [[Fernando Fernán Gómez]].
Under the direction of [[José María Forqué]], Pinal starred in the Spanish film ''Maribel y la extraña familia'' (1960). In 1961, she filmed the Spanish musical film ''Adiós, Mimí Pompom'', along with [[Fernando Fernán Gómez]].


Pinal achieved international acclaim through a trilogy of films that marked the end of the Mexican era of the Spanish filmmaker [[Luis Buñuel]]. Pinal had her first contact with Buñuel through Mexican actor [[Ernesto Alonso]], with the firm intention of starring in the film version of the novel ''[[Tristana (novel)|Tristana]]''. However, the tiny commercial success of Buñuel's films prevented the producers from financing the project, which ended up collapsing (Buñuel filmed the film years later in Spain with [[Catherine Deneuve]]).<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=entrevista+a+silvia+pinal ''Interview with Silvia Pinal: Viridiana'']</ref>
Pinal achieved international acclaim through a trilogy of films that marked the end of the Mexican era of the Spanish filmmaker [[Luis Buñuel]]. Pinal had her first contact with Buñuel through Mexican actor [[Ernesto Alonso]], with the firm intention of starring in the film version of the novel ''[[Tristana (novel)|Tristana]]''. However, the tiny commercial success of Buñuel's films prevented the producers from financing the project, which ended up collapsing (Buñuel shot the film years later in Spain with [[Catherine Deneuve]]).<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=entrevista+a+silvia+pinal ''Interview with Silvia Pinal: Viridiana'']</ref>


[[File:Silvia Pinal publicity photo for Viridiana (1961) (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|left|Pinal in ''[[Viridiana]]'' (1961)]]
[[File:Silvia Pinal publicity photo for Viridiana (1961) (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|left|Pinal in ''[[Viridiana]]'' (1961)]]


Years later, Pinal, with the help of her second husband, producer [[Gustavo Alatriste]], looked for Buñuel in Spain and convinced him to film ''[[Viridiana]]'' (1961). This, without a doubt, is her most famous film. She was co-starred by [[Francisco Rabal]] and [[Fernando Rey]] and was the winner of the [[Palme d'Or]] at the prestigious [[Cannes Film Festival]]. Despite the success and prestige enjoyed by the film, it was rejected by the Spanish censorship and the [[Holy See|Vatican]] at the time, accusing it of blasphemy. The Spanish government ordered its destruction. The film was saved through the intervention of Pinal, who fled with a copy to Mexico.<ref>Pinal (2015), p. 170</ref> In Mexico, Vatican censorship also resonated. However, with the help of Salvador Novo, the film premiered in some rooms.
Years later, Pinal, with the help of her second husband, producer [[Gustavo Alatriste]], looked for Buñuel in Spain and convinced him to film ''[[Viridiana]]'' (1961). This, without a doubt, is her most famous film. She was co-starred by [[Francisco Rabal]] and [[Fernando Rey]] and was the winner of the [[Palme d'Or]] at the prestigious [[Cannes Film Festival]]. Despite the success and prestige enjoyed by the film, it was rejected by the Spanish censorship board and the [[Holy See|Vatican]] at the time, who described the film as blasphemous. The Spanish government ordered its destruction. The film was saved through the intervention of Pinal, who fled with a copy to Mexico.<ref>Pinal (2015), p. 170</ref> The Vatican censorship also resonated in Mexico, but with the help of Salvador Novo, the film had a limited release.


Her second film with Buñuel was ''[[El ángel exterminador]]'' (1962), in which Pinal starred with a choral cast. The film also received critical acclaim worldwide. In 2004, the ''[[New York Times]]'' recognized it among the best films of all time.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html|title=The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made|author=The Film Critics of ''The New York Times''|year=2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522044531/https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html|archive-date=22 May 2010|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>
Her second film with Buñuel was ''[[El ángel exterminador]]'' (1962), in which Pinal starred with a choral cast. The film also received critical acclaim worldwide. In 2004, the ''[[New York Times]]'' recognized it among the best films ever.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html|title=The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made|author=The Film Critics of ''The New York Times''|year=2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522044531/https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html|archive-date=22 May 2010|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>


Her third and last project with Buñuel was ''[[Simón del desierto]]'' (1964). The film, misrepresented as a medium-length film, was initially conceived as an episodic film. Pinal and Gustavo Alatriste looked for [[Federico Fellini]] to direct a second episode, but Fellini accepted with the condition that his wife, [[Giulietta Masina]], starred in it. [[Jules Dassin]] wwas then sought, who likewise took on the condition that it was starred by his wife, [[Melina Mercouri]]. Pinal also rejected this request. The idea was that Pinal starred in all the film episodes, so the project ended up filming only with Buñuel.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vYI4TPiAok ''Interview with Silvia Pinal: Simón del desierto'']</ref> In the film, Pinal also made the first nude appearance of her career, something still rare in Mexican cinema and the first naked scenes of Buñuel's cinema.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 108</ref>
Her third and last project with Buñuel was ''[[Simón del desierto]]'' (1964). The film, misrepresented as a medium-length feature, was initially conceived as an episodic film. Pinal and Gustavo Alatriste looked for [[Federico Fellini]] to direct a second episode, but Fellini accepted only on the condition that his wife, [[Giulietta Masina]], star in it. They then sought out [[Jules Dassin]], who likewise took the project only on the condition that his wife, [[Melina Mercouri]], star; Pinal also rejected this condition. The idea was that Pinal should star in all the episodes, so Buñuel ended up filming the project himself.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vYI4TPiAok ''Interview with Silvia Pinal: Simón del desierto'']</ref> In the film, Pinal also made the first nude appearance in her career, an act still rare in Mexican cinema and the first nude scene in Buñuel's films.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 108</ref>


Pinal was also on the verge of starring with Buñuel in the film ''[[Diary of a Chambermaid (1964 film)|Diary of a Chambermaid]]'' in France. Pinal learned French and was willing to charge nothing for her participation. However, the French producer [[Serge Silberman]] ended up choosing [[Jeanne Moreau]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhgvy-6LgJc ''Taller de Actores Profesionales (TAP): Silvia Pinal'']</ref> Even so, Pinal (along with [[Lilia Prado]]), the actress with whom Buñuel worked the most, made three classic films. Pinal was also going to shoot with Buñuel in Spain on ''Divinas palabras'', but copyrights had problems. Years later, Pinal finally did it in Mexico with another director.
Pinal was also on the verge of starring with Buñuel in the film ''[[Diary of a Chambermaid (1964 film)|Diary of a Chambermaid]]'' in France. She learned French and was willing to receive no salary for her role. However, French producer [[Serge Silberman]] ended up choosing [[Jeanne Moreau]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xhgvy-6LgJc ''Taller de Actores Profesionales (TAP): Silvia Pinal'']</ref> Even so, Pinal (along with [[Lilia Prado]]), the actress with whom Buñuel most frequently worked, made three classic films. Pinal was also going to shoot with Buñuel in Spain on ''Divinas palabras'', but there were problems obtaining a copyright for the film. Years later, Pinal finally shot the movie in Mexico with another director.


After her work with Buñuel, Pinal returned to the cinema with the comedy ''Buenas noches, Año Nuevo'' (1965), where she alternated with [[Ricardo Montalbán]]. In 1966 she made the mythical film ''La soldadera'', directed by José Bolaños and inspired by the events of the [[Mexican Revolution]]. That same year, she participated in the Mexican-Brazilian co-production ''Juego peligroso'', directed by [[Luis Alcoriza]] and based on a script by [[Gabriel García Márquez]]. She also appeared in the Franco-Italian-Mexican co-production ''[[La bataille de san sebastian]]'', along with [[Anthony Quinn]] and [[Charles Bronson]]. In 1967 Pinal films ''[[Shark!]]'', with [[Burt Reynolds]] and directed by [[Samuel Fuller]], making this the only [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] production in which Pinal has appeared.
After her work with Buñuel, Pinal returned to the cinema with the comedy ''Buenas noches, Año Nuevo'' (1965), where she co-starred with [[Ricardo Montalbán]]. In 1966 she made the mythical film ''La Soldadera'', directed by José Bolaños and inspired by the [[Mexican Revolution]] events. That same year, she participated in the Mexican-Brazilian co-production ''Juego Peligroso'', directed by [[Luis Alcoriza]] and based on a script by [[Gabriel García Márquez]]. She also appeared in the Franco-Italian-Mexican co-production ''[[La bataille de San Sebastian]]'', along with [[Anthony Quinn]] and [[Charles Bronson]]. In 1967 Pinal appeared in ''[[Shark!]]'', with [[Burt Reynolds]] and directed by [[Samuel Fuller]], making this the only [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] production in which Pinal appeared.
Pinal achieved a huge blockbuster with the film ''María Isabel'' (1968), based on a popular cartoon by [[Yolanda Vargas Dulché]].
Pinal achieved a massive blockbuster with the film ''María Isabel'' (1968), based on a popular cartoon by [[Yolanda Vargas Dulché]].


Between the late 1960s and early 1970s, Pinal mainly made comic films directed by the filmmaker [[René Cardona Jr.]] In 1976, Pinal starred in ''Las mariposas disecadas'', a thriller of psychological suspense. In 1977 she finally starred in the controversial film ''[[Divinas palabras (1977 film)|Divinas palabras]]'' (1977), directed by Juan Ibáñez, a film where she made an integral nude scene.
Between the late 1960s and early 1970s, Pinal mostly made comedy films directed by [[René Cardona Jr.]] In 1976, Pinal starred in ''Las mariposas disecadas'', a thriller of psychological suspense. In 1977 she finally starred in the controversial movie ''[[Divinas palabras (1977 film)|Divinas palabras]]'' (1977), directed by Juan Ibáñez, a movie where she had an integral nude scene.


At the end of the seventies and the beginning of the eighties, Pinal filmed some films in Spain, Italy and Argentina as part of a project by [[Televisa]] to unify the Spanish and Latin American markets.
At the end of the '70s and the beginning of the '80s, Pinal shot some films in Spain, Italy, and Argentina as part of a project by [[Televisa]] to unify the Spanish and Latin American markets.


[[File:Silvia Pinal in 2019 (1).jpg|thumb|upright|Silvia Pinal in 2019]]
[[File:Silvia Pinal in 2019 (1).jpg|thumb|upright|Silvia Pinal in 2019]]


After ten years of absence from the cinema, Pinal returned in 1992 with the tape ''Modelo antiguo'', directed by [[Raúl Araiza]]. The decline of Mexican cinema and the activity of Pinal on television and other media (such as politics) made her practically withdraw from the big screen. In recent years, her film appearances have been limited to films ''Ya no los hacen como antes'' (2002) and a brief special appearance in ''Tercera llamada'' (2013).
After ten years of absence from the cinema, Pinal returned in 1992 with the tape ''Modelo Antiguo'', directed by [[Raúl Araiza]]. The decline of Mexican cinema and the activity of Pinal on television and other media (such as politics) had made her practically withdraw from the big screen. In recent years, her film appearances have been limited to films ''Ya no los hacen como antes'' (2002) and a brief special appearance in ''Tercera llamada'' (2013).


===Stage===
===Stage===
Pinal made her debut at the theater in the [[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes]]. Eventually, she did experimental plays, to then work at the Ideal Theater in Mexico City, in the Spanish actress Isabelita Blanch's company, where she was directed in numerous productions by Rafael Banquells.
Pinal made her theatrical debut at the [[Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes]]. Eventually, she did experimental plays, then worked at the Ideal Theater in Mexico City. <ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-30 |title=Las mejores imágenes del homenaje a Silvia Pinal por Bellas Artes |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/espanol/entretenimiento/sns-es-silvia-pinal-bellas-artes-mexico-instituto-nacional-literatura-cine-teatro-20220830-k2r4xv2cyfblhnxzpw3hr3bjuy-photogallery.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref>


Outside of this company, in 1950 participated in the play ''Celos del aire'', with Manolo Fábregas and [[Carmen Montejo]]. That same year she represented ''Doña Inés'' in ''[[Don Juan Tenorio]]'', next to Jorge Mistral. Of her most outstanding plays from the beginning of her career stand out ''[[The Madwoman of Chaillot]]'', next to [[Prudencia Griffel]] and ''El cuadrante de la soledad'', by [[José Revueltas]], with sets by the artist [[Diego Rivera]]. In 1954, Pinal participated in the play ''La Sed'' with Ernesto Alonso and the Argentinean actor [[Pedro López Lagar]]. In 1955 she obtained recognition in the theater scene in the assembly of ''[[Anna Christie]]'', along with [[Wolf Ruvinskis]]. In 1957 Pinal staged the play ''Desnúdate, Lucrecia'', in Chile, next to Jorge Mistral, who eventually starred in the cinema in Mexico.
Outside of this company, in 1950, she participated in the play ''Celos del aire'' with Manolo Fábregas and [[Carmen Montejo]]. That same year she represented ''Doña Inés'' in ''[[Don Juan Tenorio]]'', co-starring with Jorge Mistral. The most outstanding plays from her early theatrical career are ''[[The Madwoman of Chaillot]]'', co-starring [[Prudencia Griffel]], and ''El cuadrante de la Soledad'', by [[José Revueltas]], with sets by the artist [[Diego Rivera]]. In 1954, Pinal participated in the play ''La Sed'' with Ernesto Alonso and the Argentinean actor [[Pedro López Lagar]]. In 1955 she obtained recognition in the theater scene in the cast of ''[[Anna Christie]]'', along with [[Wolf Ruvinskis]]. In 1957 Pinal staged the play ''Desnúdate, Lucrecia'', in Chile, with Jorge Mistral, who eventually became a star of Mexican cinema.


In 1958, Pinal was responsible for producing in Mexico the first [[Musical comedy]], ''[[Bells Are Ringing (musical)|Bells Are Ringing]]'', directed by Luis de Llano Palmer. For this work, Pinal had the offer to work on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] with the manager of [[Judy Holliday]], but Pinal refused to cut her career in Mexico.<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 133</ref>
In 1958, Pinal was responsible for producing in Mexico the first [[Musical comedy]], ''[[Bells Are Ringing (musical)|Bells Are Ringing]]'', directed by Luis de Llano Palmer. For this work, Pinal received an offer from [[Judy Holliday]]'s manager to work on [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]], but Pinal refused to leave her career in Mexico.<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 133</ref>


In 1964 she made the Mexican version of the musical ''[[Irma La Douce (musical)|Irma La Douce]]'', alongside [[Julio Alemán]] and directed by [[Enrique Rambal]]. José Luis Ibáñez will end up becoming her head theater director. Under the baton of Ibañez, Pinal starred in the work ''Vidas privadas''. One of her most notable works in musical comedy was the Mexican version of ''[[Mame (musical)|Mame]]'', a successful Broadway musical, which, thanks to her success, Pinal rode three times (1972, 1985 and 1989). In 1976 he also starred in the musical ''[[Annie Get Your Gun (musical)|Annie Get Your Gun]]''.
In 1964 she made the Mexican version of the musical ''[[Irma La Douce (musical)|Irma La Douce]]'', alongside [[Julio Alemán]] and directed by [[Enrique Rambal]]. José Luis Ibáñez ended up becoming her head theater director. Under his direction, Pinal starred in the work ''Vidas privadas''. One of her most notable works in musical comedy was the Mexican version of ''[[Mame (musical)|Mame]]'', a successful Broadway musical. Thanks to her success, Pinal starred in three productions (1972, 1985, and 1989). In 1976 she also starred in the Mexican version of the musical ''[[Annie Get Your Gun (musical)|Annie Get Your Gun]]''.


In 1977, to commemorate her twenty-five-year career, Pinal set up her cabaret show entitled ''¡Felicidades Silvia!.'' The show was presented with great success, first at the nightclub [[El Patio]], and then at the [[Teatro de la Ciudad]] in Mexico City.
In 1977, to commemorate her twenty-five-year career anniversary, Pinal set up a cabaret show entitled ''¡Felicidades Silvia!.'' The show was presented with great success, first at the nightclub [[El Patio]] and then at the [[Teatro de la Ciudad]] in Mexico City.


In 1978, she starred in the musical ''[[Plaza Suite]]''. Her daughter Viridiana's death truncated the theatrical project ''[[Agnes of God]]'', which starred together in 1982.<ref name="univision.com">[https://www.univision.com/entretenimiento/la-noche-que-murio-viridiana-el-tragico-final-de-una-estrella-enamorada-de-jaime-garza ''Univisión.com: The Night Viridiana Alatriste dies'']</ref> In 1983, Pinal starred in and produced the Mexican montage of the work ''La señorita de Tacna'', based on the work of [[Mario Vargas Llosa]]. In 1985, while serving as First Lady of the state of [[Tlaxcala]], Pinal remodelled the Xicohténcatl Theater, which reopened with the assembly ''The memories of the Divine Sarah''. In 1986, Pinal starred in the work ''[[Anna Karenina]]'', which despite the success obtained, was not to the liking of the actress, and the assembly only reached 100 performances.
In 1978, she starred in the musical ''[[Plaza Suite]]''. Her daughter Viridiana's death truncated the theatrical project ''[[Agnes of God]]'', in which both starred in 1982.<ref name="univision.com">[https://www.univision.com/entretenimiento/la-noche-que-murio-viridiana-el-tragico-final-de-una-estrella-enamorada-de-jaime-garza ''Univisión.com: The Night Viridiana Alatriste dies'']</ref> In 1983, Pinal starred in and produced the Mexican montage of the work ''La señorita de Tacna'', based on the work of [[Mario Vargas Llosa]]. In 1985, while serving as First Lady of the state of [[Tlaxcala]], Pinal remodeled the Xicohténcatl Theater, which reopened with the production ''The Memories of the Divine Sarah''. In 1986, Pinal starred in ''[[Anna Karenina]]'', which, despite its success, was not to her liking; the production only reached 100 performances.


In 1988, in association with [[Margarita López Portillo]], Pinal acquired the Cine Estadio, located in [[Colonia Roma]] in Mexico City, transforming it into its theatrical venue, the Silvia Pinal Theater, a space dedicated mainly to musical comedy. Pinal was free to set up her productions.<ref>[http://musicallatino.blogspot.mx/2013/12/figuras-del-musical-latinoamericano.html ''The Musical Theatre in Latin America: Silvia Pinal'']</ref> The theater was inaugurated in 1989 with the third representation of the musical ''Mame'', with Pinal at the head of the cast.
In 1988, in association with [[Margarita López Portillo]], Pinal acquired the Cine Estadio, located in [[Colonia Roma]] in Mexico City, transforming it into a theatrical venue, the Silvia Pinal Theater, a space dedicated mainly to musical comedy. Here, Pinal was free to set up her productions.<ref>[http://musicallatino.blogspot.mx/2013/12/figuras-del-musical-latinoamericano.html ''The Musical Theatre in Latin America: Silvia Pinal'']</ref> The theater was opened in 1989 with the third production of the musical ''Mame'', with Pinal at the head of the cast.


In 1992, Pinal acquired the former Cine Versalles, located in [[Colonia Juárez, Mexico City|Colonia Juárez]] in Mexico City and turned it into his second theater, the Diego Rivera Theater. The Diego Rivera Theater was inaugurated in 1991 with the assembly ''[[Lettice and Lovage]]''.
In 1992, Pinal acquired the former Cine Versailles, located in [[Colonia Juárez, Mexico City|Colonia Juárez]] in Mexico City, and turned it into her second theater, the Diego Rivera Theater. This theater opened in 1991 with the production ''[[Lettice and Lovage]]''.


In 1996, Pinal returned to the musical theater with the second Mexican version of ''[[Hello, Dolly! (musical)|Hello, Dolly!]]'', opposite [[Ignacio López Tarso]]. Pinal's last work in her last theater was [[Gypsy (musical)|''Gypsy'']] (1998), starring alongside her daughter, the singer [[Alejandra Guzmán]].
In 1996, Pinal returned to musical theater with the second Mexican version of ''[[Hello, Dolly! (musical)|Hello, Dolly!]]'', opposite [[Ignacio López Tarso]]. Pinal's last work in theater was [[Gypsy (musical)|''Gypsy'']] (1998), starring alongside her daughter, singer [[Alejandra Guzmán]].


As a producer, she was responsible for making the Mexican versions of the musicals ''[[A Chorus Line]]'' (1989), ''[[Cats (musical)|Cats]]'' (1991) and ''[[La Cage aux Folles (musical)|La Cage aux Folles]]'' (1992). Unfortunately, several problems caused Pinal to close the Silvia Pinal Theater, which stopped functioning in 2000 to become a religious temple.
As a producer, she was responsible for making the Mexican versions of the musicals ''[[A Chorus Line]]'' (1989), ''[[Cats (musical)|Cats]]'' (1991) and ''[[La Cage aux Folles (musical)|La Cage aux Folles]]'' (1992). Unfortunately, several problems caused Pinal to close the Silvia Pinal Theater, which ceased production in 2000 and became a religious temple.


Pinal returned to the theater in 2002 with the play ''Debiera haber obispas''. In recent dates she has also participated in productions such as ''Adorables enemigas'' (2008) and ''Amor, dolor y lo que puesto'' (2012). In 2014, the Diego Rivera Theater changed its name to become the new Silvia Pinal Theatre.<ref>[http://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/preacceso/articulo/default.aspx?id=250628&v=3&urlredirect=http://www.reforma.com/aplicaciones/articulo/default.aspx?Id=250628&v=3 ''Silvia Pinal returns with a new theatre'']</ref>
Pinal returned to the theater in 2002 with the play ''Debiera haber obispas''. In more recent times she has participated in productions such as ''Adorables enemigas'' (2008) and ''Amor, dolor y lo que puesto'' (2012). In 2014, the Diego Rivera Theater changed its name to become the new Silvia Pinal Theatre.<ref>[http://www.reforma.com/aplicacioneslibre/preacceso/articulo/default.aspx?id=250628&v=3&urlredirect=http://www.reforma.com/aplicaciones/articulo/default.aspx?Id=250628&v=3 ''Silvia Pinal returns with a new theatre'']</ref>


===Television===
===Television===
Pinal dabbled in television since its appearance in Mexico in the early 1950s. In 1952, she participated in her television show titled ''Con los brazos abiertos''. Eventually, she participated in numerous telecasts produced by Luis de Llano Palmer. That's where Pinal first introduced the use of playback on Mexican television.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 28</ref>
Pinal dabbled in television since its appearance in Mexico in the early 1950s. In 1952, she participated in a television show titled ''Con los brazos abiertos''. Eventually, she participated in numerous telecasts by Luis de Llano Palmer, where Pinal introduced playback on Mexican television.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 28</ref>

In the mid-sixties, Pinal staged her comic-musical show on Televisa, Los ''especiales de Silvia Pinal''. When Silvia married the actor and singer [[Enrique Guzmán]], both produced and starred in the variety show ''Silvia y Enrique'' (a comedy-musical program in the style of ''[[The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour]]''), which presented for four years (1968–1972) with great success. Once separated from Guzmán, Silvia continued with her variety show titled ''¡Ahora Silvia!!.''


Pinal staged her comic-musical show on Televisa, Los ''Especiales de Silvia Pinal'' in the mid-sixties. When Silvia married the actor and singer [[Enrique Guzmán]], both produced and starred in the variety show ''Silvia y Enrique'' (a comedy-musical program in the style of ''[[The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour]]''), which ran for four years (1968–1972) with great success. Once separated from Guzmán, Silvia continued her variety show titled ''¡Ahora Silvia!!.''
In 1985, she became a producer and presenter of ''[[Mujer, casos de la vida real]]'' TV show. Initially, the show was created to respond to cases and needs of the public and focused on locating victims of the 1985 earthquake in Mexico City. Over time, the show evolved to present current issues and daily life, including domestic violence, legal issues and public health. This production was a success and lasted more than 20 years, transmitting in Mexico, Spain, Italy and several countries in Latin America. The program was cancelled in 2007.


In 1985, she became a producer and presenter of the ''[[Mujer, casos de la vida real]]'' TV show. Initially, the show was created to respond to cases and needs of the public and focused on locating victims of the 1985 earthquake in Mexico City. Over time, the show evolved to present current issues in daily life, including domestic violence, legal issues, and public health. This production was a success and lasted more than 20 years, broadcasting in Mexico, Spain, Italy, and several countries in Latin America. The program was canceled in 2007.
In 2009 Pinal also participated in a chapter of the series ''[[Mujeres asesinas (Mexican TV series)|Mujeres asesinas]]''.


In 1968, Pinal made his debut in [[telenovelas]] with the historical telenovela ''Los caudillos'', inspired by the War of Independence of Mexico. Ernesto Alonso produced the telenovela. Her second foray into the genre was with the telenovela ''¿Quién?'' (1973), produced by Guillermo Diazayas and based on a cartoon by Yolanda Vargas Dulché.
In 1968, Pinal debuted in [[telenovelas]] with the historical telenovela ''Los Caudillos'', inspired by the Mexican War of Independence. Ernesto Alonso produced the telenovela. Her second foray into the genre was with the telenovela ''[[¿Quién? (TV series)|¿Quién?]]'' (1973), produced by Guillermo Diazayas and based on a cartoon by [[Yolanda Vargas Dulché]].


Eventually, Pinal decided to produce her telenovelas; her first hit was ''[[Mañana es primavera]]'' (1982), the last acting work of her daughter Viridiana, before dying. In 1985 he also produced and starred in ''Eclipse''.
Eventually, Pinal decided to produce her telenovelas; her first hit was ''[[Mañana es primavera]]'' (1982), the last acting work of her daughter Viridiana before her death. In 1985 she also produced and starred in ''[[Eclipse (TV series)|Eclipse]]''.


Her last works in television have been in special participation in various telenovelas and television series. The most relevant ones are ''[[Carita de ángel]]'' (2000), in which she went on to replace the actress Libertad Lamarque, who at the time of her death left her character unfinished in this childhood melodrama), [[Fuego en la sangre (TV series)|''Fuego en la sangre'']] (2008), ''[[Soy tu dueña]]'' (2010) and ''[[Mi marido tiene familia]]'' (2017).
Her latest works in television have been as a special guest star in various telenovelas and television series. The most relevant ones are ''[[Carita de ángel]]'' (2000), in which she eventually replaced actress [[Libertad Lamarque]], whose death left her character unfinished in this melodrama, [[Fuego en la sangre (TV series)|'' Fuego en la sangre'']] (2008), ''[[Soy tu dueña]]'' (2010) and ''[[Mi marido tiene familia]]'' (2017). In 2009, Pinal participated in a chapter of the series ''[[Mujeres asesinas (2008 TV series)|Mujeres asesinas]]''.


In addition to the telenovelas mentioned above she starred, Pinal also produced the melodramas ''Cuando los hijos van'' (1983) and ''Tiempo de amar'' (1987).
In addition to the telenovelas mentioned above, Pinal produced the melodramas ''Cuando los hijos van'' (1983) and ''Tiempo de Amar'' (1987).


===Politics===
===Politics===
Pinal dabbled in the world of politics due to her fourth marriage with the politician Tulio Hernández Gómez, governor of the State of [[Tlaxcala]]. Between 1981 and 1987, Pinal was the First Lady of that state. Eventually, she became a member of the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party]] and was elected federal deputy in 1991.<ref>García Riera (1996), p. 25</ref> Later, she became a senator and member of the Asamblea de Representantes del Federal District. In these positions, Pinal had some achievements. Among the most outstanding are to achieve that the Cinematographic Law contemplate the right of an interpreter, worked on the Law of Condominiums and the Law of Tourism, did tasks in favour of [[ecology]], promoted the dissemination of theater books and fought for the Ministry of Finance to lower taxes on the theater.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 21–22">García Riera (1996), p. 21–22</ref>
Pinal became involved in politics after her fourth marriage with the politician [[Tulio Hernández Gómez]], [[governor of Tlaxcala|governor of the State of Tlaxcala]]. Between 1981 and 1987, Pinal was the First Lady of that state. Eventually, she became a member of the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party]] and, [[1991 Mexican legislative election|in 1991]], was elected to the [[Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)|Chamber of Deputies]] for Mexico City's [[Twenty-seventh federal electoral district of the Federal District|27th district]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Legislatura 55 |url=https://www.diputados.gob.mx/sedia/biblio/virtual/dip/leg27-60/Legislatura_55.pdf |publisher=[[Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)|Cámara de Diputados]] |access-date=24 August 2024}}</ref><ref>García Riera (1996), p. 25</ref> Later, she became a [[Senate (Mexico)|senator]] and a member of the [[Assembly of Representatives of the Federal District]]. In these positions, Pinal had some achievements. Among the most outstanding were her achievements in Cinematographic Law to protect the rights of interpreters, her work on the Law of Condominiums and the Law of Tourism, tasks in favor of [[ecology]], her promotion of the dissemination of theater books, and her fight against the Ministry of Finance to lower taxes on the theater.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 21–22">García Riera (1996), p. 21–22</ref>


Since the fifties, Pinal actively participated in trade union movements of the actors of his country. She was part of the group "Rosa Mexicano", founded by [[Dolores del Río]]. Between 1988 and 1995, Pinal became a leader of the National Association of Interpreters (A.N.D.I.) of Mexico.
Since the 1950s, Pinal has actively participated in trade union movements of the actors of her country. She was part of the group "Rosa Mexicano", founded by [[Dolores del Río]]. Between 1988 and 1995, Pinal became a leader of the National Association of Interpreters (A.N.D.I.) of Mexico.


Pinal had problems with justice in the year 2000 due to problems in her management as leader of the Association of Theater Producers (Protea) in the early 1990s. For this reason, the actress lived in [[Miami]], United States, for some time.[3] After eleven months, the actress was declared innocent and returned to her country.<ref>[http://www.jornada.com.mx/2000/12/14/regreso.html ''La Jornada: Silvia Pinal returns to Mexico'']</ref>
Pinal had legal problems in 2000 due to conflicts with her management as the Association of Theater Producers (Protea) leader in the early 1990s. For this reason, the actress lived in [[Miami]], Florida, for some time.<ref>[https://www.televisainternacional.com/index.php/content/this-is-silvia-pinal This Is Silvia Pinal], Televisa, retrieved 29 May 2023.</ref> After eleven months, the actress was declared innocent and returned to her country.<ref>[http://www.jornada.com.mx/2000/12/14/regreso.html ''La Jornada: Silvia Pinal returns to Mexico'']</ref>


Between 2010 and 2014, Pinal served as General Secretary of the Screen Actors Guild of México (ANDA) of Mexico.<ref>[https://www.informador.mx/Entretenimiento/Silvia-Pinal-es-la-nueva-secretaria-general-de-la-Asociacion-Nacional-de-Actores-20100403-0090.html ''Informador.mx: Silvia Pinal is the new General Secretary of the ANDA'']</ref>
Between 2010 and 2014, Pinal served as General Secretary of the [[National Association of Actors]] (ANDA).<ref>[https://www.informador.mx/Entretenimiento/Silvia-Pinal-es-la-nueva-secretaria-general-de-la-Asociacion-Nacional-de-Actores-20100403-0090.html ''Informador.mx: Silvia Pinal is the new General Secretary of the ANDA'']</ref>


To protect the mature actors, she became the founder of the ''Asociación Rafael Banquells'', in charge of providing non-profit help to the interpreters. As president of the association, Pinal delivers the Bravo Awards to the highlights in music, film, theater, radio, television, dubbing and commercial realization during the year. The awards have been given annually since 1991.
To protect older actors, she became the founder of the ''Asociación Rafael Banquells'', in charge of providing non-profit help to interpreters. As president of the association, Pinal delivers the Bravo Awards for highlights in music, film, theater, radio, television, dubbing and commercial realization during the year. The awards have been given annually since 1991.


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
[[File:Silvia Pinal, c. 1955 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|left|Pinal, {{circa|1955}}]]
[[File:Silvia Pinal, c. 1955 (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|left|Pinal, {{circa|1955}}]]


Pinal has been married four times. Her first marriage was with the actor and director [[Rafael Banquells]], who was her first formal boyfriend. Pinal married Banquells in 1947. She acknowledges that her marriage at such an early age was partly due to escape from her father's repression: ''"I changed my father for a softer one that stimulated me in my career."'' The couple divorced in 1952, a year after the birth of their daughter, [[Sylvia Pasquel]], who later had an outstanding career as an actress.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 21–22"/>
Pinal has been married four times. Her first marriage was to actor and director [[Rafael Banquells]], her first formal boyfriend, in 1947. She acknowledges that her marriage at such an early age was partly to escape her repressive father: ''"I changed my father for a softer one that stimulated me in my career."'' The couple divorced in 1952, a year after the birth of their daughter, [[Sylvia Pasquel]], who later had an outstanding career as an actress.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 21–22"/>


Her second marriage was with the businessman and film producer [[Gustavo Alatriste]]. Pinal has revealed on numerous occasions that Alatriste was the love of her life, a husband with whom she could have stayed forever. Pinal met Alatriste at a meeting at Ernesto Alonso's house when he was about to divorce the actress [[Ariadne Welter]]. It was thanks to Alatriste that Pinal was able to make her film projects with Luis Buñuel. The marriage ended in 1967 due to Alatriste's infidelities and business problems between the couple.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 22"/> From her relationship with Alatriste, she had a daughter, actress Viridiana Alatriste (1963-1982). Unfortunately, Viridiana died tragically in a car accident in Mexico City in 1982, only 19 years old.<ref name="univision.com"/>
Her second marriage was to the businessman and film producer [[Gustavo Alatriste]]. Pinal has revealed on numerous occasions that Alatriste was the love of her life, a husband with whom she could have stayed forever. Pinal met Alatriste at a meeting at Ernesto Alonso's house when he was about to divorce actress [[Ariadne Welter]]. It was thanks to Alatriste that Pinal was able to make her film projects with Luis Buñuel. The marriage ended in 1967 due to Alatriste's infidelities and business problems between the couple.<ref name="García Riera 1996, p. 22"/> From her relationship with Alatriste, she had a daughter, actress Viridiana Alatriste (1963-1982). Unfortunately, Viridiana died tragically in a car accident in Mexico City in 1982 at the age of 19.<ref name="univision.com"/>


Her third marriage was with Rock and roll's famous singer and idol [[Enrique Guzmán]]. Pinal and Guzmán met when he came as a guest on Pinal's television show ''¡Ahora Silvia!'' Pinal and Guzmán were married in 1967 despite some resistance from Pinal being 11 years older than her husband. Their marriage lasted nine years. They worked together and procreated two children: the famous singer [[Alejandra Guzmán]] (born in 1968) and the musician and composer Luis Enrique Guzmán (born in 1970).<ref>[https://www.quien.com/espectaculos/2018/05/24/enrique-guzman-admite-maltrato-a-silvia-pinal-y-revela-represalias-en-su-contra ''Quién.com: Enrique Guzmán and Silvia Pinal'']</ref>
Her third marriage was to the famous rock and roll singer and idol [[Enrique Guzmán]]. Pinal and Guzmán met when he was a guest on Pinal's television show ''¡Ahora Silvia!'' They were married in 1967 despite some public resistance, as Pinal was 11 years older than her husband. Their marriage lasted nine years. They worked together and had two children: the famous singer [[Alejandra Guzmán]] (born in 1968) and the musician and composer Luis Enrique Guzmán (born in 1970).<ref>[https://www.quien.com/espectaculos/2018/05/24/enrique-guzman-admite-maltrato-a-silvia-pinal-y-revela-represalias-en-su-contra ''Quién.com: Enrique Guzmán and Silvia Pinal'']</ref>


Her last marriage was with the politician and then governor of the state of Tlaxcala, Tulio Hernández Gómez. The couple married in 1982. It was through Hernández that Pinal entered the world of politics. Pinal and Hernandez divorced in 1995.
Her last marriage was to Tlaxcala's politician and then governor, Tulio Hernández Gómez. The couple married in 1982. It was through Hernández that Pinal entered the world of politics. Pinal and Hernandez divorced in 1995.


In addition to her marriages, at various times in her life, Pinal held multiple romances. In 1954, when filming ''Un extraño en la escalera'', Pinal fell in love with her co-star, [[Arturo de Córdova]].[5] Others of her romances were with the Mexican businessman [[Emilio Azcárraga Milmo]],[6] the Egyptian actor [[Omar Sharif]][7] and the American businessman [[Conrad Nicholson Hilton, Jr.]]<ref>[http://www.milenio.com/espectaculos/silvia-pinal-prefirio-mexico-refugiarse-hollywood ''Milenio.com: Silvia Pinal prefers México than Hollywood'']</ref>
In addition to her marriages, at various times in her life, Pinal had multiple romances. In 1954, when filming ''Un extraño en la escalera'', Pinal fell in love with her co-star, [[Arturo de Córdova]].<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/america/entretenimiento/2022/08/21/cuando-arturo-de-cordova-le-rompio-el-corazon-a-silvia-pinal/ "Cuando Arturo de Córdova le rompió el corazón a Silvia Pinal"], infobae.com, 21 August 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2023.</ref> Other romances were with the Mexican businessman [[Emilio Azcárraga Milmo]],<ref>[https://www.infobae.com/america/entretenimiento/2021/09/29/por-que-termino-el-romance-de-silvia-pinal-y-el-tigre-azcarraga/ "Por qué terminó el romance de Silvia Pinal y El Tigre Azcárraga"], infobae.com, 29 September 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2023.</ref> the Egyptian actor [[Omar Sharif]]<ref>[https://heraldodemexico.com.mx/espectaculos/2022/4/11/silvia-pinal-fue-amante-de-este-guapo-actor-egipcio-nominado-al-oscar-esta-es-la-romantica-historia-394995.html "Silvia Pinal fue amante de este guapo actor egipcio nominado al Oscar; esta es la romántica historia"], ''El Heraldo de México'', 11 April 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2023.</ref> and the American businessman [[Conrad Nicholson Hilton, Jr.]]<ref>[http://www.milenio.com/espectaculos/silvia-pinal-prefirio-mexico-refugiarse-hollywood ''Milenio.com: Silvia Pinal prefers México over Hollywood'']</ref>


With time, Pinal has become the head of one of Latin America's most famous artistic dynasties. Her daughters Sylvia and Viridiana followed in her footsteps as an actress. Alejandra, the youngest of her daughters, is one of Mexico's most popular singers. Alejandra's daughter [[Frida Sofía]] is also a model living in Miami, Fl. In addition, her granddaughter [[Stephanie Salas]] (daughter of Sylvia) has also forged a career as an actress and singer. Stephanie's daughters, Michelle Salas and Camila Valero are both models and actresses.<ref>[https://www.univision.com/entretenimiento/las-pinal-lo-que-no-conoces-de-esta-polemica-y-poderosa-dinastia-mexicana ''Univisión.com: The Pinals: A controversial and powerful Mexican dynasty'']</ref>
With time, Pinal has become the head of one of Latin America's most famous artistic dynasties. Her daughters Sylvia and Viridiana followed in her footsteps as actresses. Alejandra, her youngest daughter, is one of Mexico's most popular singers. Alejandra's daughter [[Frida Sofía]] is also a model living in Miami, Florida. In addition, her granddaughter [[Stephanie Salas]] (daughter of Sylvia) has also forged a career as an actress and singer. Stephanie's daughters, Michelle Salas, and Camila Valero are both models and actresses.<ref>[https://www.univision.com/entretenimiento/las-pinal-lo-que-no-conoces-de-esta-polemica-y-poderosa-dinastia-mexicana ''Univisión.com: The Pinals: A controversial and powerful Mexican dynasty'']</ref>


==Awards and honors==
==Awards and honors==
* In 1954, the beer [[Corona (beer)|Corona]] sent an advertisement that included a song in which they mentioned Pinal next to the Italian divas' [[Gina Lollobrigida]], [[Silvana Mangano]] and [[Silvana Pampanini]].<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 79</ref>
* In 1954, the beer company [[Corona (beer)|Corona]] created an advertisement that included a song in which they mentioned Pinal next to the Italian divas [[Gina Lollobrigida]], [[Silvana Mangano]] and [[Silvana Pampanini]].<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 79</ref>
* In 1955, Pinal was immortalized in a portrait by the famous painter [[Diego Rivera]], who occupies a special place in the Pinal residence in Mexico City.
* In 1955, Pinal was immortalized in a portrait by the famous painter [[Diego Rivera]], which occupies a special place in the Pinal residence in Mexico City.
* In addition to Rivera, Pinal has also been painted by other artists such as [[Oswaldo Guayasamín]], Mario Chávez Marión, Sylvia Pardo and General Ignacio Beteta Quintana.
* In addition to Rivera, Pinal has also been painted by other artists such as [[Oswaldo Guayasamín]], Mario Chávez Marión, Sylvia Pardo, and General Ignacio Beteta Quintana.
* In 1978, Pinal posed naked in a photo shoot for the Spanish magazine ''[[Interviú]]''.
* In 1978, Pinal posed nude for a photo shoot for the Spanish magazine ''[[Interviú]]''.
*In 1982, Pinal was one of the first honorees on the [[Paseo de las Luminarias]] in Mexico City; she was honored for her contributions to television, movies and theater. Her third husband, Enrique Guzmán, would be honored the next year, followed by two of her daughters, Sylvia Pasquel in 1993 and Alejandra Guzmán in 2013.
* Pinal is represented as one of the Seven Muses of Art in a stained glass window of Xicohténcatl Theatre in [[Tlaxcala]].<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 265, 268</ref>
* Pinal is represented as one of the Seven Muses of Art in a stained glass window of Xicohténcatl Theatre in [[Tlaxcala]].<ref>Pinal (1996), p. 265, 268</ref>
* When her daughter Alejandra Guzmán launched as a singer in 1988, she dedicated a controversial song to her mother titled "Bye Mama" and included it in her [[Bye Mamá|debut album]].
* When her daughter Alejandra Guzmán launched her singing career in 1988, she dedicated a controversial song to her mother titled "Bye Mamá" and included it in her [[Bye Mamá|debut album]].
* In 2002, Pinal was recognized when a statue in her honour was in Mexico City. Renowned sculptor Ricardo Ponzanelli did the work.<ref>[http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/espectaculos/35783.html ''El Universal: Silvia Pinal have a Statue'']</ref>
* In 2002, Pinal was recognized with a statue in her honor unveiled in Mexico City. Renowned sculptor Ricardo Ponzanelli did the work.<ref>[http://archivo.eluniversal.com.mx/espectaculos/35783.html ''El Universal: Silvia Pinal has a Statue'']</ref>
* In 2006, Pinal was awarded in Spain with the [[Orden de Isabel la Católica]] in the grade of Commander for her cultural contribution to the world of cinema.<ref>[http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2006/232557.html ''Crónica.com: Silvia Pinal receives the Órden de Isabel la Católica'']</ref>
* In 2006, in Spain, Pinal was awarded the [[Orden de Isabel la Católica]] in the grade of Commander for her cultural contribution to the world of cinema.<ref>[http://www.cronica.com.mx/notas/2006/232557.html ''Crónica.com: Silvia Pinal receives the Órden de Isabel la Católica'']</ref>
* In 2013, Pinal was honoured by the Wax Museum of Mexico City for unveiling a figure in her honour.
* In 2013, Pinal was honored by the Wax Museum of Mexico City, which unveiled a figure in her honor.
* In 2015, Pinal published her autobiographical book entitled ''Esta soy yo''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ortega|first=Luis Alejandro|date=29 September 2015|title=Silvia Pinal cuenta su vida en 'Esta soy yo'|trans-title=Silvia Pinal tells her life story in 'Esta soy yo'|url=http://noticieros.televisa.com/mexico/1509/silvia-pinal-cuenta-su-vida-esta-soy-yo/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007045823/http://noticieros.televisa.com/mexico/1509/silvia-pinal-cuenta-su-vida-esta-soy-yo/|archive-date=7 October 2015|access-date=15 December 2020|website=Noticieros Televisa|language=es-MX}}</ref>
* In 2015, Pinal published her autobiographical book entitled ''Esta soy yo''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ortega|first=Luis Alejandro|date=29 September 2015|title=Silvia Pinal cuenta su vida en 'Esta soy yo'|trans-title=Silvia Pinal tells her life story in 'Esta soy yo'|url=http://noticieros.televisa.com/mexico/1509/silvia-pinal-cuenta-su-vida-esta-soy-yo/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151007045823/http://noticieros.televisa.com/mexico/1509/silvia-pinal-cuenta-su-vida-esta-soy-yo/|archive-date=7 October 2015|access-date=15 December 2020|website=Noticieros Televisa|language=es-MX}}</ref>
* In 2016, [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] of [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]] chose Pinal as one of its members to recognize her long career and contribution to the international film industry.<ref>[http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/entrada-de-opinion/columna/luis-magana/espectaculos/2016/11/27/silvia-pinal-es-elegida-por-la ''El Universal: Silvia Pinal is part of the AMPAS of Hollywood'']</ref>
* In 2016, [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]] of [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]] chose Pinal as one of its members to recognize her long career and contribution to the international film industry.<ref>[http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/entrada-de-opinion/columna/luis-magana/espectaculos/2016/11/27/silvia-pinal-es-elegida-por-la ''El Universal: Silvia Pinal is part of the AMPAS of Hollywood'']</ref>
* At some point, Matt Casella, a headhunter for [[DreamWorks Pictures|DreamWorks]], looked for Pinal to make a biographical series about her life. However, the project still needs to materialize.<ref>[https://www.quien.com/espectaculos/2019/03/28/antes-que-carla-estrada-steven-spielberg-busco-a-silvia-pinal-para-hacer-serie ''Quién: Matt Casella and Silvia Pinal biographical serie'']</ref>
* At some point, Matt Casella, a headhunter for [[DreamWorks Pictures|DreamWorks]], sought Pinal to make a biographical series about her life. However, the project has yet to materialize.<ref>[https://www.quien.com/espectaculos/2019/03/28/antes-que-carla-estrada-steven-spielberg-busco-a-silvia-pinal-para-hacer-serie ''Quién: Matt Casella and Silvia Pinal biographical series'']</ref>
* In 2019, Televisa produced a television series based on Pinal's life. The series is titled ''[[Silvia Pinal, frente a ti]]'', and Mexican actress Itatí Cantoral portrays Pinal.
* In 2019, Televisa produced a television series based on Pinal's life. The series is titled ''[[Silvia Pinal, frente a ti]]'', and Mexican actress Itatí Cantoral portrays Pinal.


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{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
* ''La tercera llamada'' (2013) Actor's Guild secretary
* ''La tercera llamada'' (2013) Actor's Guild secretary
* ''[[Arrietty]]'' (2013) as Hara (Voice)
* ''[[Arrietty]]'' (2013) as Hara (Mexican Spanish dub) (Voice)
* ''[[El Agente 00-P2]]'' (2009) as Mamá Osa (voice)
* ''[[El Agente 00-P2]]'' (2009) as Mamá Osa (voice)
* ''Ya no los hacen como antes'' (2003) as Genoveva Reyer
* ''Ya no los hacen como antes'' (2003) as Genoveva Reyer
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* ''[[Pubis Angelical]]'' (1982) as Beatriz
* ''[[Pubis Angelical]]'' (1982) as Beatriz
* ''Dos y dos, cinco'' (1981) as Julia
* ''Dos y dos, cinco'' (1981) as Julia
* ''Carlota: Amor es... veneno'' (1981) as Carlota Cavendish
* ''Carlota: Amor es... Veneno'' (1981) as Carlota Cavendish
* ''El canto de la cigarra'' (1980) as Elisa
* ''El canto de la cigarra'' (1980) as Elisa
* ''El niño de su mamá'' (1980) as Tina
* ''El niño de su mamá'' (1980) as Tina
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* ''El amor no es ciego'' (1950)
* ''El amor no es ciego'' (1950)
* ''[[Azahares para tu boda]]'' (1950) as Tota
* ''[[Azahares para tu boda]]'' (1950) as Tota
* ''[[The Mark of the Fox]]'' (1950)
* ''[[The Mark of the Skunk]]'' (1950)
* ''[[The Doorman (1950 film)|The Doorman]]'' (1950)
* ''[[The Doorman (1950 film)|The Doorman]]'' (1950)
* ''[[El rey del barrio]]'' (1950)
* ''[[El rey del barrio]]'' (1950)
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* ''[[Mañana es para siempre]]'' (2009) as Herself
* ''[[Mañana es para siempre]]'' (2009) as Herself
* ''[[Fuego en la sangre (TV series)|Fuego en la sangre]]'' (2008) as Santa Margarita Lorenza Vda. de Gómez
* ''[[Fuego en la sangre (TV series)|Fuego en la sangre]]'' (2008) as Santa Margarita Lorenza Vda. de Gómez
* ''[[Una familia de diez]]'' (2007-2019) as Herself
* ''[[Una familia de diez]]'' (2007–2019) as Herself
* ''[[Amor sin maquillaje]]'' (2007) as Herself
* ''[[Amor sin maquillaje]]'' (2007) as Herself
* ''[[Aventuras en el tiempo]]'' (2001) as Silvia
* ''[[Aventuras en el tiempo]]'' (2001) as Silvia
* ''[[Carita de ángel]]'' (2000-2001) as Mother Lucía
* ''[[Carita de ángel]]'' (2000–2001) as Mother Lucía
* ''[[El privilegio de amar]]'' (1998)
* ''[[El privilegio de amar]]'' (1998)
* ''[[Lazos de amor]]'' (1995) as Herself
* ''[[Lazos de amor]]'' (1995) as Herself
* ''[[Mujer, casos de la vida real]]'' (1986-2007) as Host
* ''[[Mujer, casos de la vida real]]'' (1986–2007) as Host
* ''[[Eclipse (telenovela)|Eclipse]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Eclipse (telenovela)|Eclipse]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Mañana es primavera]]'' (1983) as Amanda González de Serrano
* ''[[Mañana es primavera]]'' (1983) as Amanda González de Serrano
Line 316: Line 310:
* ''[[Anna Christie]]'' (1955)
* ''[[Anna Christie]]'' (1955)
* ''Desnúdate Lucrecia'' (1957)
* ''Desnúdate Lucrecia'' (1957)
* ''[[Two for the Seesaw]]'' (1957)
* ''[[Two for the Seesaw (play)|Two for the Seesaw]]'' (1957)
* ''[[Bells Are Ringing (musical)|Bells Are Ringing]]'' (1958)
* ''[[Bells Are Ringing (musical)|Bells Are Ringing]]'' (1958)
* ''[[Irma La Douce (musical)|Irma La Douce]]'' (1964)
* ''[[Irma La Douce (musical)|Irma La Douce]]'' (1964)
Line 358: Line 352:
* {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110518071809/http://cinemexicano.mty.itesm.mx/estrellas/silvia_pinal.html Silvia Pinal] at the [[cinema of Mexico]] site of the [[ITESM]]
* {{in lang|es}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110518071809/http://cinemexicano.mty.itesm.mx/estrellas/silvia_pinal.html Silvia Pinal] at the [[cinema of Mexico]] site of the [[ITESM]]
* {{in lang|es}} [http://www.academiamexicana.com/academia/mh34.htm Silvia Pinal] at the [[Mexican Academy of Film]]
* {{in lang|es}} [http://www.academiamexicana.com/academia/mh34.htm Silvia Pinal] at the [[Mexican Academy of Film]]
* (in Spanish) Gobierno De Mexico | https://inba.gob.mx/prensa/16550/silvia-pinal-recibira-merecido-homenaje-por-su-legado-artistico-y-cultural-a-mexico


{{TVyNovelas Award for Best Lead Actress}}
{{TVyNovelas Award for Best Lead Actress}}

Latest revision as of 23:39, 24 August 2024

Silvia Pinal
Born
Silvia Pinal Hidalgo[1][2]

(1931-09-12) 12 September 1931 (age 93)
EducationEl Colegio de México
National Institute of Fine Arts and Literature
Occupation(s)Actress, singer, stage and television producer, politician
Years active1949–present
Spouses
(m. 1947; div. 1952)
(m. 1961; div. 1967)
(m. 1967; div. 1976)
(m. 1982; div. 1995)
[3]
Children4, including

Silvia Pinal Hidalgo (born 12 September 1931)[4][5][6] is a Mexican actress. She began her career in the theater, venturing into cinema in 1949. She is one of Mexico's greatest female stars, one of the last surviving major stars from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema and part of the Golden Age of Hollywood for her film Shark! (1969). Her work in film and popularity in her native country led Pinal to work in Europe (Spain and Italy). Pinal achieved international recognition by starring in a famous film trilogy directed by Luis Buñuel: Viridiana (1961), El ángel exterminador (1962) and Simón del Desierto (1965).

In addition to her film career, Pinal was a pioneer in Mexican musical theatre,[7] ventured into television, and held political office.

Early life

[edit]

Silvia Pinal Hidalgo[1] was born in Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico. Her parents were María Luisa Hidalgo Aguilar and Moisés Pasquel. Pasquel was an orchestra conductor at the Mexican radio station XEW. Pinal's mother became pregnant by Pasquel when she was 15 years old. Her father did not acknowledge Silvia as his child, and Pinal did not know him until she was 11 years old.[8] Her biological father sired three more sons: Eugenio, Moisés, and Virginia. However, Pinal never spent time with the Pasquel family.[9] Pinal spent her first years behind the counter of a seafood restaurant near the XEW, where her mother worked. When she was five years old, her mother married Luis G. Pinal, whom they called "El Caballero Pinal" ("Sir Pinal"), a journalist, military man, and politician twenty years her senior. Pinal subsequently adopted Silvia as his daughter, and in later interviews, she described Pinal as her only father. Pinal also had three daughters from a previous marriage: Mercedes, Beatriz, and Eugenia.

Sr. Pinal held several public positions in Mexico, including the municipal president of Tequisquiapan, Querétaro. The family lived in several cities in Mexico, including Querétaro, Acapulco, Monterrey, Chilpancingo, Cuernavaca and Puebla, before finally settling in Mexico City.

Pinal has had an interest in show business since she was a child. In addition to film and music, she liked to write and recite poems.[10] She studied first at Pestalozzi College in Cuernavaca and then at the Washington Institute in Mexico City. Despite her artistic aspirations, her father cautioned her to look for "something useful," so she learned to type. At age 14, she began working as a secretary at Kodak.[11]

Pinal went to study opera and began preparing by taking classes, first with a private teacher and then with Professor Reyes Retana. Her first step toward fame occurred when she was invited to participate in a beauty pageant. In this contest, Pinal obtained the title of Student Princess of Mexico. At her coronation, she met the actors Rubén Rojo and Manolo Fábregas, with whom she became close friends.[12] While studying bel canto, Pinal went to work as a secretary in the pharmaceutical laboratories of Carlos Stein. At the music academy, Pinal auditioned for a role in the opera La Traviata. However, the audition was a failure. A teacher encouraged her to take acting courses at the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes where she was a classmate of figures such as Carlos Pellicer, Salvador Novo and Xavier Villaurrutia.[13] She debuted as an extra in a performance of A Midsummer Night's Dream by William Shakespeare.[14]

Career

[edit]

Beginning

[edit]

Pinal continued working in the advertising department of a pharmaceutical products firm. Knowing that she was studying acting, her boss allowed her to participate in recording radio comedies in the XEQ. She debuted in the comedy Dos pesos la Tejada.[14]

At the radio station, Pinal met publicists inviting her to join an experimental company. With that company, she debuted in the play Los Caprichos de Goya. The director of this work was the Cuban-Mexican actor and director Rafael Banquells, with whom Pinal began an employment relationship and a close friendship that led to romance. Banquells got Carlos Laverne to allow them to use the Ideal Theater of Mexico City for their productions. Laverne chose Pinal to participate in a montage with the company of the Ideal Theater, directed by the Spanish actress Isabelita Blanch. The work was called Nuestra Natacha. Pinal acted in numerous works for this company. Her first star work was Un sueño de cristal.[15]

Film

[edit]

Just fifteen days after she debuted in the theater, Pinal made her debut in the cinema with a brief role in Bamba (1949), starring Carmen Montejo and directed by Miguel Contreras Torres. Contreras Torres had seen her work at the Ideal Theatre and invited her to participate in the project. Contreras Torres was a demanding, strict director who made Pinal suffer for her inexperience. Eventually, that same year, she performed in the film El pecado de Laura, directed by Julián Soler and starring Meche Barba. In that film, she worked for the first time in cinema with Rafael Banquells, who had become her husband. Immediately, she made another small role in the movie Escuela para casadas, by Miguel Zacarías. Pinal met and worked with the famous actor and singer Pedro Infante in the film La mujer que yo perdí for the first time. The actor and comedian Cantinflas (her wedding godfather) chose Pinal as his co-star in The Doorman (1950), which was a massive step for the new, young actress. But her first solid step towards popularity was her participation in the comedy El rey del barrio (1949), where she formed a tremendous comedic pair with Germán Valdés "Tin-Tán", directed by Gilberto Martínez Solares. Pinal and Tin Tán acted together in two more films: La Marca del zorrillo (1950) and Me Traes de un ala (1952). Pinal participated in minor roles in several more films.

Pinal's first significant award was a Silver Ariel as a supporting actress for her performance in the film Un rincón cerca del cielo (1952), where she worked again with Pedro Infante. In 1952, she performed with Joaquín Pardavé in the comedies Doña Mariquita de mi corazón] and El casto Susano.

In 1953, Pinal signed a contract with the FILMEX studios of Gregorio Walerstein, who gave her her first starring roles in the films Reventa de esclavas (1953) and Yo soy muy macho (1953). In that same year, she did her first musical work with the film Mis tres viudas alegres, where she shared credits with Lilia del Valle and the Cuban rumba Amalia Aguilar. The film's success led the three actresses to star, that same year, in the comedy Las cariñosas. That same year, she acted with Libertad Lamarque in Si volvieras a mí.

Pinal achieved success and recognition in 1954 after participating in the film Un extraño en la escalera, directed by Tulio Demicheli, and starring opposite Arturo de Córdova. De Córdova wanted as his co-stars the Italian actress Gina Lollobrigida or the Cuban rumba Rosa Carmina because he distrusted Pinal due to her youth. With the support of the producer Gregorio Walerstein, Pinal made a change of image, highlighting her sex appeal, which helped her to be approved by De Cordova for the film. The film was filmed in Havana, Cuba, and was a remarkable blockbuster, consecrating Pinal as an A-list film actress.[16]

Another director who knew how to make the most of Pinal's histrionic abilities was Alberto Gout. Under Gout's direction, Pinal made the film La sospechosa (1954). Another great movie in which Pinal participated is Historia de un abrigo de mink (1954), an episodic film wherein Pinal co-starred with actresses María Elena Marqués, Columba Domínguez and Irasema Dilián. With Tito Davison as director, Pinal also filmed the Mexican-Spanish-Chilean co-production Cabo de Hornos (1955), along with the actor Jorge Mistral. Pinal worked again with Pedro Infante as his co-star in the famous comedy El inocente (1955).

Pinal starred in several films by Tulio Demicheli. Among the most outstanding is Locura pasional (1955), which would bring her first Silver Ariel award as best actress. The second was thanks to her role in the film La dulce enemiga (1957), directed by Tito Davison. In 1956, Pinal starred in the film Una cita de amor (1956), where she worked for the first and only time under the direction of the director Emilio Fernández.

The popularity and success of Pinal in Mexico opened the doors for her to work in Europe, following the advice of Tulio Demicheli. Her first work in the Old World was in the Spanish-Mexican co-production Las locuras de Bárbara (1958), directed by Demicheli and from the hand of Demicheli, Silvia starred in the Spanish musical film Charleston.

Pinal with Elke Sommer in Uomini e Nobiluomini (1959)

Given the success of her films in Europe, Pinal was invited to work in Italy, where she also served as producer of the film Uomini e Nobiluomini (1959), in which she co-starred with Vittorio de Sica and Elke Sommer.

Under the direction of José María Forqué, Pinal starred in the Spanish film Maribel y la extraña familia (1960). In 1961, she filmed the Spanish musical film Adiós, Mimí Pompom, along with Fernando Fernán Gómez.

Pinal achieved international acclaim through a trilogy of films that marked the end of the Mexican era of the Spanish filmmaker Luis Buñuel. Pinal had her first contact with Buñuel through Mexican actor Ernesto Alonso, with the firm intention of starring in the film version of the novel Tristana. However, the tiny commercial success of Buñuel's films prevented the producers from financing the project, which ended up collapsing (Buñuel shot the film years later in Spain with Catherine Deneuve).[17]

Pinal in Viridiana (1961)

Years later, Pinal, with the help of her second husband, producer Gustavo Alatriste, looked for Buñuel in Spain and convinced him to film Viridiana (1961). This, without a doubt, is her most famous film. She was co-starred by Francisco Rabal and Fernando Rey and was the winner of the Palme d'Or at the prestigious Cannes Film Festival. Despite the success and prestige enjoyed by the film, it was rejected by the Spanish censorship board and the Vatican at the time, who described the film as blasphemous. The Spanish government ordered its destruction. The film was saved through the intervention of Pinal, who fled with a copy to Mexico.[18] The Vatican censorship also resonated in Mexico, but with the help of Salvador Novo, the film had a limited release.

Her second film with Buñuel was El ángel exterminador (1962), in which Pinal starred with a choral cast. The film also received critical acclaim worldwide. In 2004, the New York Times recognized it among the best films ever.[19]

Her third and last project with Buñuel was Simón del desierto (1964). The film, misrepresented as a medium-length feature, was initially conceived as an episodic film. Pinal and Gustavo Alatriste looked for Federico Fellini to direct a second episode, but Fellini accepted only on the condition that his wife, Giulietta Masina, star in it. They then sought out Jules Dassin, who likewise took the project only on the condition that his wife, Melina Mercouri, star; Pinal also rejected this condition. The idea was that Pinal should star in all the episodes, so Buñuel ended up filming the project himself.[20] In the film, Pinal also made the first nude appearance in her career, an act still rare in Mexican cinema and the first nude scene in Buñuel's films.[21]

Pinal was also on the verge of starring with Buñuel in the film Diary of a Chambermaid in France. She learned French and was willing to receive no salary for her role. However, French producer Serge Silberman ended up choosing Jeanne Moreau.[22] Even so, Pinal (along with Lilia Prado), the actress with whom Buñuel most frequently worked, made three classic films. Pinal was also going to shoot with Buñuel in Spain on Divinas palabras, but there were problems obtaining a copyright for the film. Years later, Pinal finally shot the movie in Mexico with another director.

After her work with Buñuel, Pinal returned to the cinema with the comedy Buenas noches, Año Nuevo (1965), where she co-starred with Ricardo Montalbán. In 1966 she made the mythical film La Soldadera, directed by José Bolaños and inspired by the Mexican Revolution events. That same year, she participated in the Mexican-Brazilian co-production Juego Peligroso, directed by Luis Alcoriza and based on a script by Gabriel García Márquez. She also appeared in the Franco-Italian-Mexican co-production La bataille de San Sebastian, along with Anthony Quinn and Charles Bronson. In 1967 Pinal appeared in Shark!, with Burt Reynolds and directed by Samuel Fuller, making this the only Hollywood production in which Pinal appeared. Pinal achieved a massive blockbuster with the film María Isabel (1968), based on a popular cartoon by Yolanda Vargas Dulché.

Between the late 1960s and early 1970s, Pinal mostly made comedy films directed by René Cardona Jr. In 1976, Pinal starred in Las mariposas disecadas, a thriller of psychological suspense. In 1977 she finally starred in the controversial movie Divinas palabras (1977), directed by Juan Ibáñez, a movie where she had an integral nude scene.

At the end of the '70s and the beginning of the '80s, Pinal shot some films in Spain, Italy, and Argentina as part of a project by Televisa to unify the Spanish and Latin American markets.

Silvia Pinal in 2019

After ten years of absence from the cinema, Pinal returned in 1992 with the tape Modelo Antiguo, directed by Raúl Araiza. The decline of Mexican cinema and the activity of Pinal on television and other media (such as politics) had made her practically withdraw from the big screen. In recent years, her film appearances have been limited to films Ya no los hacen como antes (2002) and a brief special appearance in Tercera llamada (2013).

Stage

[edit]

Pinal made her theatrical debut at the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes. Eventually, she did experimental plays, then worked at the Ideal Theater in Mexico City. [23]

Outside of this company, in 1950, she participated in the play Celos del aire with Manolo Fábregas and Carmen Montejo. That same year she represented Doña Inés in Don Juan Tenorio, co-starring with Jorge Mistral. The most outstanding plays from her early theatrical career are The Madwoman of Chaillot, co-starring Prudencia Griffel, and El cuadrante de la Soledad, by José Revueltas, with sets by the artist Diego Rivera. In 1954, Pinal participated in the play La Sed with Ernesto Alonso and the Argentinean actor Pedro López Lagar. In 1955 she obtained recognition in the theater scene in the cast of Anna Christie, along with Wolf Ruvinskis. In 1957 Pinal staged the play Desnúdate, Lucrecia, in Chile, with Jorge Mistral, who eventually became a star of Mexican cinema.

In 1958, Pinal was responsible for producing in Mexico the first Musical comedy, Bells Are Ringing, directed by Luis de Llano Palmer. For this work, Pinal received an offer from Judy Holliday's manager to work on Broadway, but Pinal refused to leave her career in Mexico.[24]

In 1964 she made the Mexican version of the musical Irma La Douce, alongside Julio Alemán and directed by Enrique Rambal. José Luis Ibáñez ended up becoming her head theater director. Under his direction, Pinal starred in the work Vidas privadas. One of her most notable works in musical comedy was the Mexican version of Mame, a successful Broadway musical. Thanks to her success, Pinal starred in three productions (1972, 1985, and 1989). In 1976 she also starred in the Mexican version of the musical Annie Get Your Gun.

In 1977, to commemorate her twenty-five-year career anniversary, Pinal set up a cabaret show entitled ¡Felicidades Silvia!. The show was presented with great success, first at the nightclub El Patio and then at the Teatro de la Ciudad in Mexico City.

In 1978, she starred in the musical Plaza Suite. Her daughter Viridiana's death truncated the theatrical project Agnes of God, in which both starred in 1982.[25] In 1983, Pinal starred in and produced the Mexican montage of the work La señorita de Tacna, based on the work of Mario Vargas Llosa. In 1985, while serving as First Lady of the state of Tlaxcala, Pinal remodeled the Xicohténcatl Theater, which reopened with the production The Memories of the Divine Sarah. In 1986, Pinal starred in Anna Karenina, which, despite its success, was not to her liking; the production only reached 100 performances.

In 1988, in association with Margarita López Portillo, Pinal acquired the Cine Estadio, located in Colonia Roma in Mexico City, transforming it into a theatrical venue, the Silvia Pinal Theater, a space dedicated mainly to musical comedy. Here, Pinal was free to set up her productions.[26] The theater was opened in 1989 with the third production of the musical Mame, with Pinal at the head of the cast.

In 1992, Pinal acquired the former Cine Versailles, located in Colonia Juárez in Mexico City, and turned it into her second theater, the Diego Rivera Theater. This theater opened in 1991 with the production Lettice and Lovage.

In 1996, Pinal returned to musical theater with the second Mexican version of Hello, Dolly!, opposite Ignacio López Tarso. Pinal's last work in theater was Gypsy (1998), starring alongside her daughter, singer Alejandra Guzmán.

As a producer, she was responsible for making the Mexican versions of the musicals A Chorus Line (1989), Cats (1991) and La Cage aux Folles (1992). Unfortunately, several problems caused Pinal to close the Silvia Pinal Theater, which ceased production in 2000 and became a religious temple.

Pinal returned to the theater in 2002 with the play Debiera haber obispas. In more recent times she has participated in productions such as Adorables enemigas (2008) and Amor, dolor y lo que puesto (2012). In 2014, the Diego Rivera Theater changed its name to become the new Silvia Pinal Theatre.[27]

Television

[edit]

Pinal dabbled in television since its appearance in Mexico in the early 1950s. In 1952, she participated in a television show titled Con los brazos abiertos. Eventually, she participated in numerous telecasts by Luis de Llano Palmer, where Pinal introduced playback on Mexican television.[28]

Pinal staged her comic-musical show on Televisa, Los Especiales de Silvia Pinal in the mid-sixties. When Silvia married the actor and singer Enrique Guzmán, both produced and starred in the variety show Silvia y Enrique (a comedy-musical program in the style of The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour), which ran for four years (1968–1972) with great success. Once separated from Guzmán, Silvia continued her variety show titled ¡Ahora Silvia!!.

In 1985, she became a producer and presenter of the Mujer, casos de la vida real TV show. Initially, the show was created to respond to cases and needs of the public and focused on locating victims of the 1985 earthquake in Mexico City. Over time, the show evolved to present current issues in daily life, including domestic violence, legal issues, and public health. This production was a success and lasted more than 20 years, broadcasting in Mexico, Spain, Italy, and several countries in Latin America. The program was canceled in 2007.

In 1968, Pinal debuted in telenovelas with the historical telenovela Los Caudillos, inspired by the Mexican War of Independence. Ernesto Alonso produced the telenovela. Her second foray into the genre was with the telenovela ¿Quién? (1973), produced by Guillermo Diazayas and based on a cartoon by Yolanda Vargas Dulché.

Eventually, Pinal decided to produce her telenovelas; her first hit was Mañana es primavera (1982), the last acting work of her daughter Viridiana before her death. In 1985 she also produced and starred in Eclipse.

Her latest works in television have been as a special guest star in various telenovelas and television series. The most relevant ones are Carita de ángel (2000), in which she eventually replaced actress Libertad Lamarque, whose death left her character unfinished in this melodrama, Fuego en la sangre (2008), Soy tu dueña (2010) and Mi marido tiene familia (2017). In 2009, Pinal participated in a chapter of the series Mujeres asesinas.

In addition to the telenovelas mentioned above, Pinal produced the melodramas Cuando los hijos van (1983) and Tiempo de Amar (1987).

Politics

[edit]

Pinal became involved in politics after her fourth marriage with the politician Tulio Hernández Gómez, governor of the State of Tlaxcala. Between 1981 and 1987, Pinal was the First Lady of that state. Eventually, she became a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party and, in 1991, was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for Mexico City's 27th district.[29][30] Later, she became a senator and a member of the Assembly of Representatives of the Federal District. In these positions, Pinal had some achievements. Among the most outstanding were her achievements in Cinematographic Law to protect the rights of interpreters, her work on the Law of Condominiums and the Law of Tourism, tasks in favor of ecology, her promotion of the dissemination of theater books, and her fight against the Ministry of Finance to lower taxes on the theater.[31]

Since the 1950s, Pinal has actively participated in trade union movements of the actors of her country. She was part of the group "Rosa Mexicano", founded by Dolores del Río. Between 1988 and 1995, Pinal became a leader of the National Association of Interpreters (A.N.D.I.) of Mexico.

Pinal had legal problems in 2000 due to conflicts with her management as the Association of Theater Producers (Protea) leader in the early 1990s. For this reason, the actress lived in Miami, Florida, for some time.[32] After eleven months, the actress was declared innocent and returned to her country.[33]

Between 2010 and 2014, Pinal served as General Secretary of the National Association of Actors (ANDA).[34]

To protect older actors, she became the founder of the Asociación Rafael Banquells, in charge of providing non-profit help to interpreters. As president of the association, Pinal delivers the Bravo Awards for highlights in music, film, theater, radio, television, dubbing and commercial realization during the year. The awards have been given annually since 1991.

Personal life

[edit]
Pinal, c. 1955

Pinal has been married four times. Her first marriage was to actor and director Rafael Banquells, her first formal boyfriend, in 1947. She acknowledges that her marriage at such an early age was partly to escape her repressive father: "I changed my father for a softer one that stimulated me in my career." The couple divorced in 1952, a year after the birth of their daughter, Sylvia Pasquel, who later had an outstanding career as an actress.[31]

Her second marriage was to the businessman and film producer Gustavo Alatriste. Pinal has revealed on numerous occasions that Alatriste was the love of her life, a husband with whom she could have stayed forever. Pinal met Alatriste at a meeting at Ernesto Alonso's house when he was about to divorce actress Ariadne Welter. It was thanks to Alatriste that Pinal was able to make her film projects with Luis Buñuel. The marriage ended in 1967 due to Alatriste's infidelities and business problems between the couple.[15] From her relationship with Alatriste, she had a daughter, actress Viridiana Alatriste (1963-1982). Unfortunately, Viridiana died tragically in a car accident in Mexico City in 1982 at the age of 19.[25]

Her third marriage was to the famous rock and roll singer and idol Enrique Guzmán. Pinal and Guzmán met when he was a guest on Pinal's television show ¡Ahora Silvia! They were married in 1967 despite some public resistance, as Pinal was 11 years older than her husband. Their marriage lasted nine years. They worked together and had two children: the famous singer Alejandra Guzmán (born in 1968) and the musician and composer Luis Enrique Guzmán (born in 1970).[35]

Her last marriage was to Tlaxcala's politician and then governor, Tulio Hernández Gómez. The couple married in 1982. It was through Hernández that Pinal entered the world of politics. Pinal and Hernandez divorced in 1995.

In addition to her marriages, at various times in her life, Pinal had multiple romances. In 1954, when filming Un extraño en la escalera, Pinal fell in love with her co-star, Arturo de Córdova.[36] Other romances were with the Mexican businessman Emilio Azcárraga Milmo,[37] the Egyptian actor Omar Sharif[38] and the American businessman Conrad Nicholson Hilton, Jr.[39]

With time, Pinal has become the head of one of Latin America's most famous artistic dynasties. Her daughters Sylvia and Viridiana followed in her footsteps as actresses. Alejandra, her youngest daughter, is one of Mexico's most popular singers. Alejandra's daughter Frida Sofía is also a model living in Miami, Florida. In addition, her granddaughter Stephanie Salas (daughter of Sylvia) has also forged a career as an actress and singer. Stephanie's daughters, Michelle Salas, and Camila Valero are both models and actresses.[40]

Awards and honors

[edit]
  • In 1954, the beer company Corona created an advertisement that included a song in which they mentioned Pinal next to the Italian divas Gina Lollobrigida, Silvana Mangano and Silvana Pampanini.[41]
  • In 1955, Pinal was immortalized in a portrait by the famous painter Diego Rivera, which occupies a special place in the Pinal residence in Mexico City.
  • In addition to Rivera, Pinal has also been painted by other artists such as Oswaldo Guayasamín, Mario Chávez Marión, Sylvia Pardo, and General Ignacio Beteta Quintana.
  • In 1978, Pinal posed nude for a photo shoot for the Spanish magazine Interviú.
  • In 1982, Pinal was one of the first honorees on the Paseo de las Luminarias in Mexico City; she was honored for her contributions to television, movies and theater. Her third husband, Enrique Guzmán, would be honored the next year, followed by two of her daughters, Sylvia Pasquel in 1993 and Alejandra Guzmán in 2013.
  • Pinal is represented as one of the Seven Muses of Art in a stained glass window of Xicohténcatl Theatre in Tlaxcala.[42]
  • When her daughter Alejandra Guzmán launched her singing career in 1988, she dedicated a controversial song to her mother titled "Bye Mamá" and included it in her debut album.
  • In 2002, Pinal was recognized with a statue in her honor unveiled in Mexico City. Renowned sculptor Ricardo Ponzanelli did the work.[43]
  • In 2006, in Spain, Pinal was awarded the Orden de Isabel la Católica in the grade of Commander for her cultural contribution to the world of cinema.[44]
  • In 2013, Pinal was honored by the Wax Museum of Mexico City, which unveiled a figure in her honor.
  • In 2015, Pinal published her autobiographical book entitled Esta soy yo.[45]
  • In 2016, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences of Hollywood chose Pinal as one of its members to recognize her long career and contribution to the international film industry.[46]
  • At some point, Matt Casella, a headhunter for DreamWorks, sought Pinal to make a biographical series about her life. However, the project has yet to materialize.[47]
  • In 2019, Televisa produced a television series based on Pinal's life. The series is titled Silvia Pinal, frente a ti, and Mexican actress Itatí Cantoral portrays Pinal.

Filmography

[edit]
From left to right: Jacqueline Andere, Pinal and Enrique García Álvarez in El ángel exterminador (1962)

Films

[edit]
  • La tercera llamada (2013) Actor's Guild secretary
  • Arrietty (2013) as Hara (Mexican Spanish dub) (Voice)
  • El Agente 00-P2 (2009) as Mamá Osa (voice)
  • Ya no los hacen como antes (2003) as Genoveva Reyer
  • Puppy-Go-Round (1996)
  • Modelo antiguo (1992) as Carmen Rivadeneira
  • Pubis Angelical (1982) as Beatriz
  • Dos y dos, cinco (1981) as Julia
  • Carlota: Amor es... Veneno (1981) as Carlota Cavendish
  • El canto de la cigarra (1980) as Elisa
  • El niño de su mamá (1980) as Tina
  • Las mariposas disecadas (1978)
  • Divinas palabras (1977) as Mari Gaila
  • Los cacos (1972)
  • ¡Cómo hay gente sinvergüenza! (1972)
  • La Güera Xóchitl (1971) as Xóchitl Torres
  • Secreto de confesión (1971)
  • Bang bang... al hoyo (1971) as Doliente
  • Caín, Abel y el otro (1971)
  • Los novios (1971) as Irene
  • La mujer de oro (1970) as Silvia Torres
  • La hermana Trinquete (1970)
  • El cuerpazo del delito (1970) as Magda Bustamante/Enriqueta (segment "La insaciable")
  • El amor de María Isabel (1970) as María Isabel Sánchez
  • El despertar del lobo (1970) as Kim Jones
  • Shark! (1969) as Anna
  • 24 horas de placer (1969) as Catalina
  • María Isabel (1968) as María Isabel Sánchez
  • La Bataille de San Sebastian (1968) as Felicia
  • La soldadera (1967) as Lázara
  • Juego peligroso (1967) as Lena Anderson (segment "Divertimento")
  • Estrategia matrimonial (1967)
  • Los Cuervos están de luto (1965)
  • Simón del desierto (1965) as The Devil
  • Buenas noches, año nuevo (1964)
  • El ángel exterminador (1962) as Leticia 'La Valkiria'
  • Adiós, Mimí Pompón (1961)
  • Viridiana (1961) as Viridiana
  • Maribel y la extraña familia (1960)
  • Charlestón (1959)
  • Las locuras de Bárbara (1959)
  • Uomini e nobiluomini (1959) as Giovanna
  • El hombre que me gusta (1958) as Marta
  • Una golfa (1958)
  • Una cita de amor (1958)
  • Préstame tu cuerpo (1958) as Leonor Rivas Conde/Regina Salsamendi
  • ¡Viva el amor! (1958) as Veronica de la Maza
  • Desnúdate, Lucrecia (1958)
  • Mi desconocida esposa (1958)
  • Dios no lo quiera (1957) as Felisa
  • Cabo de hornos (1957)
  • La Dulce Enemiga (1957) as Lucrecia
  • Teatro del crimen (1957)
  • La adúltera (1956) as Irene
  • El inocente (1956) as Mané
  • Locura pasional (1956) as Mabel Mendoza
  • La vida tiene tres días (1955) as María Andrade
  • Amor en cuatro tiempos (1955) as Silvia
  • La sospechosa (1955) as Regina de Alba
  • Historia de un abrigo de mink (1955) as Margot
  • Pecado mortal (1955) as Soledad Hernández
  • Un extraño en la escalera (1955)
  • Vendedor de muñecas (1955)
  • Si volvieras a mi (1954) as Lidia Kane
  • El casto Susano (1954) as Mimí
  • Hijas casaderas (1954) as Magdalena
  • Reventa de esclavas (1954) as Alicia Sandoval/Isis de Alejandría
  • Las cariñosas (1953) as Carmen Santibañes
  • Yo soy muy macho (1953) as María Aguirre
  • Mis tres viudas alegres (1953) as Silvia
  • Doña Mariquita de mi corazón (1953) as Paz Alegre
  • Sí... mi vida (1953)
  • You've Got Me By the Wing (1953) as Rosita Alba Vírez
  • When Children Sin (1952) as Tencha
  • Ahora soy rico (1952) as Sonia Iliana
  • A Place Near Heaven (1952) as Sonia Iliana
  • Por ellas aunque mal paguen (1952)
  • Mujer de medianoche (1952)
  • La estatua de carne (1951) as Marta
  • Recién casados... no molestar (1951) as Gaby
  • A Galician Dances the Mambo (1951) as Carmina
  • El amor no es negocio (1950) as Malena
  • El amor no es ciego (1950)
  • Azahares para tu boda (1950) as Tota
  • The Mark of the Skunk (1950)
  • The Doorman (1950)
  • El rey del barrio (1950)
  • La mujer que yo perdí (1949) as Laura
  • Escuela para casadas (1949) as Teresa Moreno
  • Bamba (1949)
  • El pecado de Laura (1949) as Juanita

Television

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Stage

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Stage (producer)

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Sylvia Pasquel (15 September 2018). ¿Por qué Sylvia Pasquel se cambió el nombre? (Online video platform) (in Spanish). Imagen Entretenimiento. Event occurs at 0:21. kVN_PY4c5WM. Retrieved 15 May 2022. Es que mi mamá es Silvia Pasquel, realmente yo me llamo como debería llamarse mi mamá. Mi mamá es hija de Moisés Pasquel, y después mi abuela se casó con Luis Pinal Blanco, y mi, mi abuelo la, la reconoce.
  2. ^ Silvia Pinal (24 February 2019). Silvia Pinal...frente a ti - Capítulo 1: Silvia descubre el secreto de su madre, Televisa (Vídeo en plataforma de internet) (in Spanish). Las Estrellas. Event occurs at 10:53. vprftG9raLE. Retrieved 15 May 2022. Quien tiene derechos también tiene obligaciones, y usted no ha cumplido ni una sola de ellas. Jamás le dio comida, jamás le dio techo, y ni siquiera la reconoció, y además Silvia no lleva su apellido, lleva el mío, Pinal.
  3. ^ Flores, Paulina (22 March 2019). "La historia de cuando Silvia Pinal huyó en la cajuela de un carro para no ir a la cárcel" (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 August 2020.
  4. ^ "FOTOS: Silvia Pinal cumple 89 años este 12 de septiembre. ¡Conoce la trayectoria de una grande del cine mexicano en esta imperdible galería!". TV Azteca. 12 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  5. ^ "¡Derrochaba sensualidad! Así de bella era Silvia Pinal en su juventud: FOTOS". El Heraldo de México. 12 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  6. ^ "Silvia Pinal celebra este 12 de septiembre su cumpleaños 89". e-consulta.com. 12 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  7. ^ Reforma.com: Silvia Pinal, pioneer of the Musical Theatre in Mexico
  8. ^ TVyNovelas México: Silvia Pinal presents her autobiographic book
  9. ^ Pinal, Silvia (2015). "Esta soy yo". México City: Editorial Porrúa. pp. 24, 25. ISBN 978-607-09-2109-4.
  10. ^ Pinal (1996), p. 15
  11. ^ García Riera, Emilio (1996). El Cine de Silvia Pínl. Universidad de Guadalajara / Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía. p. 20. ISBN 978-968-895-714-1.
  12. ^ Pinal (1996), p. 28
  13. ^ Pinal (1996), p. 31
  14. ^ a b García Riera, Emilio (1996). El Cine de Silvia Pínl. Universidad de Guadalajara / Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía. p. 21. ISBN 978-968-895-714-1.
  15. ^ a b García Riera (1996), p. 22
  16. ^ García Riera (1996), p. 65–66
  17. ^ Interview with Silvia Pinal: Viridiana
  18. ^ Pinal (2015), p. 170
  19. ^ The Film Critics of The New York Times (2004). "The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 May 2010.
  20. ^ Interview with Silvia Pinal: Simón del desierto
  21. ^ García Riera (1996), p. 108
  22. ^ Taller de Actores Profesionales (TAP): Silvia Pinal
  23. ^ "Las mejores imágenes del homenaje a Silvia Pinal por Bellas Artes". Chicago Tribune. 30 August 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  24. ^ Pinal (1996), p. 133
  25. ^ a b Univisión.com: The Night Viridiana Alatriste dies
  26. ^ The Musical Theatre in Latin America: Silvia Pinal
  27. ^ Silvia Pinal returns with a new theatre
  28. ^ García Riera (1996), p. 28
  29. ^ "Legislatura 55" (PDF). Cámara de Diputados. Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  30. ^ García Riera (1996), p. 25
  31. ^ a b García Riera (1996), p. 21–22
  32. ^ This Is Silvia Pinal, Televisa, retrieved 29 May 2023.
  33. ^ La Jornada: Silvia Pinal returns to Mexico
  34. ^ Informador.mx: Silvia Pinal is the new General Secretary of the ANDA
  35. ^ Quién.com: Enrique Guzmán and Silvia Pinal
  36. ^ "Cuando Arturo de Córdova le rompió el corazón a Silvia Pinal", infobae.com, 21 August 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  37. ^ "Por qué terminó el romance de Silvia Pinal y El Tigre Azcárraga", infobae.com, 29 September 2021. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  38. ^ "Silvia Pinal fue amante de este guapo actor egipcio nominado al Oscar; esta es la romántica historia", El Heraldo de México, 11 April 2022. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  39. ^ Milenio.com: Silvia Pinal prefers México over Hollywood
  40. ^ Univisión.com: The Pinals: A controversial and powerful Mexican dynasty
  41. ^ Pinal (1996), p. 79
  42. ^ Pinal (1996), p. 265, 268
  43. ^ El Universal: Silvia Pinal has a Statue
  44. ^ Crónica.com: Silvia Pinal receives the Órden de Isabel la Católica
  45. ^ Ortega, Luis Alejandro (29 September 2015). "Silvia Pinal cuenta su vida en 'Esta soy yo'" [Silvia Pinal tells her life story in 'Esta soy yo']. Noticieros Televisa (in Mexican Spanish). Archived from the original on 7 October 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
  46. ^ El Universal: Silvia Pinal is part of the AMPAS of Hollywood
  47. ^ Quién: Matt Casella and Silvia Pinal biographical series

Bibliography

[edit]
  • García Riera., Emilio (1996). El cine de Silvia Pinal. Universidad de Guadalajara (Centro de Investigaciones y Enseñanza Cinematográficas), Patronato de la Muestra de Cine Mexicano en Guadalajara, A. C. e Instituto Mexicano de Cinematografía (IMCINE). ISBN 978-968-895-714-1.
  • Agrasánchez Jr., Rogelio (2001). Bellezas del cine mexicano/Beauties of Mexican Cinema. Archivo Fílmico Agrasánchez. ISBN 978-968-5077-11-8.
  • Pinal, Silvia (2015). Esta soy yo. Porrúa. ISBN 978-607-09-2108-7.
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