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{{short description| Hong Kong's tallest building with 108 storeys}}
{{Short description|Tallest building in Hong Kong}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox building
{{Infobox building
| name = International Commerce Centre <br> 環球貿易廣場
| name = International Commerce Centre (ICC)
| native_name = {{lang|zh|環球貿易廣場}}
| image = International Commerce Centre 201008.jpg
| image = International Commerce Centre 201008.jpg
| location = 1 [[Austin Road|Austin Road West]],<br/> [[West Kowloon]],<br/>[[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Hong Kong]]
| opening = {{Start date and age|2011}}
| logo = International Commerce Centre (Hong Kong) logo.jpg
| start_date = {{Start date and age|2002|07|24|df=y}}
| status = {{Color|green|Completed}}
| location = 1 [[Austin Road West]], [[Kowloon]], Hong Kong
| completion_date = {{End date and age|2010|05|03|df=y}}
| opening =
| building_type = Hotel, observation, office, dining, shopping, parking
| tip = {{cvt|490|m}}
| start_date = {{Start date and age|2002}}
| completion_date = {{End date and age|2010}}<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| architectural = {{cvt|484|m}}
| building_type = Commercial offices
| roof = {{cvt|484|m}}
| top_floor = {{cvt|476|m}}
| tip = {{cvt|484|m}}<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| observatory = {{cvt|393|m}}, [[Sky100]]
| architectural = {{cvt|484|m}}<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| floor_area = {{cvt|274,064|sqm}}
| roof =
| top_floor =
| floor_count = 108 <!-- The real floor count might be 118, see the skyscraper's website: https://shkp-icc.com/eng/main/index.html, https://www.permasteelisagroup.com/project-detail?project=2161 or the website of the Hong Kong Tourism Commission: https://www.tourism.gov.hk/symphony/english/participating/participating_kl_01.html for instance. Please change if there is decent sourcing and the current value is wrong -->
| observatory =
| elevator_count = 84<ref>{{cite web | url=https://shkp-icc.com/eng/main/building/icc-zoning.html | title=International Commerce Centre }}</ref>
| floor_area =
| architect = [[Kohn Pederson Fox|Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates]] (design)<br>Belt Collins & Associates (landscape)<br>[[Wong & Ouyang|Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd.]]
| floor_count = 108 above ground<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" /><!-- The real floor count might be 118, see the skyscraper's website: https://shkp-icc.com/eng/main/index.html, https://www.permasteelisagroup.com/project-detail?project=2161 or the website of the Hong Kong Tourism Commission: https://www.tourism.gov.hk/symphony/english/participating/participating_kl_01.html for instance. Please change if there is decent sourcing and the current value is wrong -->
| structural_engineer = [[Arup Group|Arup]]
| elevator_count = 84<ref>{{cite web | url=https://shkp-icc.com/eng/main/building/icc-zoning.html | title=International Commerce Centre }}</ref>
| main_contractor = [[Sanfield (Management) Limited|Sanfield Building Contractors Limited]]
| architect = Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| developer = [[Sun Hung Kai Properties]]
| structural_engineer = Arup<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| management = Kai Shing Management Services Limited}}
| main_contractor = China State Construction Engineering Corporation;<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" /> Sanfield Building Contractors Limited <ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| developer = Sun Hung Kai Properties Limited<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
| management = Harbour Vantage<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" />
}}

The '''International Commerce Centre''' is a 108-storey, {{cvt|484|m}} [[supertall skyscraper]] in [[West Kowloon]], [[Hong Kong]], resting atop the [[Elements, Hong Kong|Elements]] mall and near two [[MTR]] Stations ([[Kowloon station (MTR)|Kowloon]] and [[Austin Station (MTR)|Austin Station]]). It is [[List of tallest buildings|the world's 13th tallest building by height]], [[List of buildings with 100 floors or more|10th tallest by number of floors]], and [[List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong|Hong Kong's tallest]], as well as the only building in the city with over 100 storeys.<ref name="SkyScraperCenter" /> The official height is {{cvt|484|m}}, which includes the {{cvt|6|m}} tall [[parapet]]s on the roof.<ref name="SkyScraperCenter">{{cite web | url=https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/international-commerce-centre/137 | title=International Commerce Centre – the Skyscraper Center }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=International Commerce Center, Hong Kong |url=https://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=12 |access-date=2024-01-26 |website=skyscraperpage.com}}</ref> It was the world's 4th tallest building and 3rd in [[Asia]] when completed in 2010.{{fact|date=August 2024}}


The '''International Commerce Centre''' is a 108-storey, {{cvt|484|m}} [[supertall skyscraper]] on top of [[Elements, Hong Kong|Elements]] mall and near [[Kowloon station (MTR)|Kowloon station]] in [[Tsim Sha Tsui]], [[Hong Kong]]. It is [[List of tallest buildings|the world's 13th tallest by height]], [[List of buildings with 100 floors or more|10th tallest by number of floors]], also [[List of tallest buildings in Hong Kong|Hong Kong's tallest]] and the only building with over 100 storeys. The official height is 490 m, which made by the 6 m tall [[parapet|parapets]] on the roof.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/international-commerce-centre/137 | title=International Commerce Centre – the Skyscraper Center }}</ref><ref>https://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?buildingID=12 {{bare URL inline|date=April 2023}}</ref> It was the world's 4th tallest and 3rd in [[Asia]] when completed in 2010.
[[File:Tallest buildings in Asia.jpg|thumb|261px|International Commerce Centre compared with other tallest buildings in Asia.]]
[[File:Tallest buildings in Asia.jpg|thumb|261px|International Commerce Centre compared with other tallest buildings in Asia.]]


The south side of the building faces [[Victoria Harbour|Victoria Harbour.]]
The south side of the building faces [[Victoria Harbour]], and directly opposite Hong Kong's second tallest building, the [[International Finance Centre (Hong Kong)|International Finance Centre]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ifc.com.hk/en/office/one-two-ifc/ | title=One & Two ifc &#124; International Finance Centre, Hong Kong }}</ref>


==History==
==History==
The height had been scaled back from earlier plans due to regulations that did not allow buildings to be taller than the surrounding mountains. The original proposal for this building was called Kowloon Station Phase 7 and it was designed to be {{convert|574|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall with 102 floors.<ref>{{cite web| title=International Commerce Center| url=http://www.lera.com/projects/hir/kowloonstation.htm| accessdate=5 May 2011| publisher=Leslie E. Robertson Associates| url-status=dead| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041214170336/http://www.lera.com/projects/hir/kowloonstation.htm| archivedate=14 December 2004| df=dmy-all}}</ref>
[[MTR Corporation Limited]] and [[Sun Hung Kai Properties]], Hong Kong's [[rapid transit|metro]] operator and largest property developer respectively, were responsible for the development of this skyscraper. Known in development as Union Square Phase 7, its current name was officially announced in 2005. The International Commerce Centre was completed in phases from 2007 to 2010. The tower opened in 2011, with the Ritz-Carlton opening in late March and the observatory in early April.

The height had been scaled back from earlier plans due to regulations that did not allow buildings to be taller than the surrounding mountains. The original proposal for this building was called Kowloon Station Phase 7 and it was designed to be {{convert|574|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall with 102 floors.<ref>{{cite web| title=International Commerce Center| url=http://www.lera.com/projects/hir/kowloonstation.htm| accessdate=5 May 2011| publisher=Leslie E. Robertson Associates| url-status=dead| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041214170336/http://www.lera.com/projects/hir/kowloonstation.htm| archivedate=14 December 2004| df=dmy-all}}</ref> It would have risen {{convert|162|m|ft|abbr=on}} over the then-current tallest in Hong Kong, 2 International Finance Centre.


The tower was designed by the American architectural firm [[Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates]] (KPF) in association with [[Wong & Ouyang]]. It was built by Sanfield, the construction subsidiary of Sun Hung Kai.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stephens |first1=Suzanne |title=International Commerce Centre |publisher=Architectural Record |date=16 May 2012 |url=https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/7887-international-commerce-centre}}</ref>
The tower was designed by the American architectural firm [[Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates]] (KPF) in association with [[Wong & Ouyang]]. It was built by Sanfield, the construction subsidiary of Sun Hung Kai.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stephens |first1=Suzanne |title=International Commerce Centre |publisher=Architectural Record |date=16 May 2012 |url=https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/7887-international-commerce-centre}}</ref>


Construction work was temporarily halted<ref>{{cite web| publisher=INews.com| url=http://inews.mingpao.com/htm/INews/20090913/gb72013c.htm| title=地盤平台墜樓6工人全死|accessdate=13 September 2009}}</ref> on 13 September 2009, due to an lift shaft accident that killed six workers.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601080&sid=ajZRvR1pGH9s| title=Elevator Shaft Accident Kills Six Workers in Hong Kong Tower| date=13 September 2009| accessdate=5 May 2011| author=Kyunghee Park| publisher=Bloomberg.com}}</ref>
Construction work was temporarily halted<ref>{{cite web| publisher=INews.com| url=http://inews.mingpao.com/htm/INews/20090913/gb72013c.htm| title=地盤平台墜樓6工人全死|accessdate=13 September 2009}}</ref> on 13 September 2009, due to an lift shaft accident that killed six workers.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601080&sid=ajZRvR1pGH9s| title=Elevator Shaft Accident Kills Six Workers in Hong Kong Tower| date=13 September 2009| accessdate=5 May 2011| author=Kyunghee Park| publisher=Bloomberg.com}}</ref>

==Floor count==
The top floor is numbered 118. Due to the number "4", meaning to unlucky in [[Cantonese]], and [[tetraphobia]] to buildings, is quite common in Hong Kong. (2 International Finance Centre, [[Nina Tower]] and [[private housing estates in Hong Kong|private housing estate]], as examples); plus, "missing level" makes the levels "be higher"! (Example: the top floor of [[The Cullinan]] is "93", in fact, 68). Except for level 3, 103 and 113, levels with "3" in the last digit were also skipped, and level 5, 6, 7, 26, 28, 29 & 105 missing as well for unknown reason.

They are currently replaced by levels with letter "M" and "R", which stand for "Mechanical" and "Refuge". Although the levels missing, it still shows on the elevator's screen of Sky100 and Skydining 101 while going up and down.

28 floors were skipped: 4, 5, 6, 7, 13, 14, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 33, 34, 43, 44, 53, 54, 63, 64, 73, 74, 83, 84, 93, 94, 104, 105, 114. 18 floors were added: UG, M1-1, M1-2, M1-3, M1-5, R1, R2, M2-1, M2-2, R3, M3-1, M3-2, R4, M4-1, M4-2, M4-3, M5, M6

{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable"
|-align=center
! Level
! Real level
! Type
|-align=center
| 118
| 108
| The Ritz-Carlton (Ozone bar, swimming pool & fitness center)
|-align=center
| M6
| 107
| Mechanical
|-align=center
| 117
| 106
| The Ritz-Carlton (presidential suite)
|-align=center
| 116
| 105
| The Ritz-Carlton (spa & club lounge)
|-align=center
| 115
| 104
|rowspan=9| The Ritz-Carlton (guest rooms)
|-align=center
| 113
| 103
|-align=center
| 112
| 102
|-align=center
| 111
| 101
|-align=center
| 110
| 100
|-align=center
| 109
| 99
|-align=center
| 108
| 98
|-align=center
| 107
| 97
|-align=center
| 106
| 96
|-align=center
| M5
| 95
| Mechanical
|-align=center
| 103
| 94
| The Ritz-Carlton (reception lobby & Café 103)
|-align=center
| 102
| 93
| The Ritz-Carlton (dining)
|-align=center
| M4-3
| 92
| The Ritz-Carlton (for employees) / Mechanical
|-align=center
| M4-2
| 91
|rowspan=2|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M4-1
| 90
|-align=center
| R4
| 89
| Refuge
|-align=center
| 101
| 88
| Skydining 101
|-align=center
| 100
| 87
| Sky100, Café 100
|-align=center
| 99
| 86
| rowspan=3|[[Credit Suisse]]
|-align=center
| 98
| 85
|-align=center
| 97
| 84
|-align=center
| 96
| 83
| Office
|-align=center
| 95
| 82
| rowspan=7|[[Credit Suisse]]
|-align=center
| 92
| 81
|-align=center
| 91
| 80
|-align=center
| 90
| 79
|-align=center
| 89
| 78
|-align=center
| 88
| 77
|-align=center
| 87
| 76
|-align=center
| 86
| 75
| rowspan=3| [[IWG plc]]
|-align=center
| 85
| 74
|-align=center
| 82
| 73
|-align=center
| 81
| 72
| rowspan=4| Office
|-align=center
| 80
| 71
|-align=center
| 79
| 70
|-align=center
| 78
| 69
|-align=center
| M3-2
| 68
| rowspan=2|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M3-1
| 67
|-align=center
| R3
| 66
| Refuge
|-align=center
| 77
| 65
| rowspan=12| Office
|-align=center
| 76
| 64
|-align=center
| 75
| 63
|-align=center
| 72
| 62
|-align=center
| 71
| 61
|-align=center
| 70
| 60
|-align=center
| 69
| 59
|-align=center
| 68
| 58
|-align=center
| 67
| 57
|-align=center
| 66
| 56
|-align=center
| 65
| 55
|-align=center
| 62
| 54
|-align=center
| 61
| 53
| rowspan=9| [[Deutsche Bank]]
|-align=center
| 60
| 52
|-align=center
| 59
| 51
|-align=center
| 58
| 50
|-align=center
| 57
| 49
|-align=center
| 56
| 48
|-align=center
| 55
| 47
|-align=center
| 52
| 46
|-align=center
| 51
| 45
|-align=center
| 50
| 44
| Office
|-align=center
| 49
| 43
| rowspan=2|[[Sky lobby]]
|-align=center
| 48
| 42
|-align=center
| M2-2
| 41
| rowspan=2|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M2-1
| 40
|-align=center
| R2
| 39
| Refuge
|-align=center
| 47
| 38
|rowspan=14|[[Morgan Stanley]]
|-align=center
| 46
| 37
|-align=center
| 45
| 36
|-align=center
| 42
| 35
|-align=center
| 41
| 34
|-align=center
| 40
| 33
|-align=center
| 39
| 32
|-align=center
| 38
| 31
|-align=center
| 37
| 30
|-align=center
| 36
| 29
|-align=center
| 35
| 28
|-align=center
| 32
| 27
|-align=center
| 31
| 26
|-align=center
| 30
| 25
|-align=center
| 27
| 24
|rowspan=4|Office
|-align=center
| 25
| 23
|-align=center
| 22
| 22
|-align=center
| 21
| 21
|-align=center
| 20
| 20
| SPACE (fitness center)
|-align=center
| 19
| 19
|rowspan=6|Office
|-align=center
| 18
| 18
|-align=center
| 17
| 17
|-align=center
| 16
| 16
|-align=center
| 15
| 15
|-align=center
| 12
| 14
|-align=center
| R1
| 13
| Refuge
|-align=center
| M1-5
| 12
| rowspan=4|Mechanical
|-align=center
| M1-3
| 11
|-align=center
| M1-2
| 10
|-align=center
| M1-1
| 9
|-align=center
| 11
| 8
|rowspan=2|Office
|-align=center
| 10
| 7
|-align=center
| 9
| 6
| rowspan=2|The Ritz-Carlton (entrance), office lobby
|-align=center
| 8
| 5
|-align=center
| 3
| 4
| The Ritz-Carlton (ballroom), lobbies (office & Skydining 101)
|-align=center
| 2
| 3
| Sky100 (entrance), Elements, skyway to WKCD
|-align=center
| 1
| 2
| Sky100 (tickets), pick up & drop-off
|-align=center
| UG
| 1
| Transfer lobby
|-align=center
| G
| G
| Entrance (Nga Cheung Road), loading dock, parking
|-align=center
| B1
| B1
| rowspan=4| Parking
|-align=center
| B2
| B2
|-align=center
| B3
| B3
|-align=center
| B4
| B4
|-align=center
|}

==Floor directory==
It takes 68 seconds to [[List of public observation decks|the world's 14th highest observation deck]], [[Sky100]], from the lobby on level 2; along with [[Elements, Hong Kong|Elements]], and the [[skyway]] (behind the main entrance of Sky100) to [[West Kowloon Cultural District]] (WKCD).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sky100.com.hk/en/more/plan-your-visit/hong-kong-tourist-attractions/ | title=Hong Kong Tourist Attractions &#124; sky100 Hong Kong Observation Deck }}</ref> "Skydining" in Asian and Western style, including Inakaya, Odyssée, Perla, The Sky Boss and The Kitin, sits on level 101 at 399 m above sea level.

[[The Ritz-Carlton, Hong Kong]] occupies level 3, 8, 9 and the top 17 floors (M4-3 to 118), offering 312 rooms as well as the world's highest bar, fitness center and swimming pool set on the top floor. The office floors are located on level 10 to 99, including a mechanical floor and refuge level; in which, the sky lobbies set on level 48 and 49, and the fitness center "SPACE" on level 20.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.icc-space.com.hk/space/Login.do | title=Icc Space }}</ref> [[Credit Suisse]], [[Morgan Stanley]] and [[Deutsche Bank]] have become anchor tenants of ICC's offices since 2008.


==The ICC Light and Music Show==
==The ICC Light and Music Show==
Line 454: Line 58:
* [[List of tallest buildings in China]]
* [[List of tallest buildings in China]]
* [[List of tallest buildings]]
* [[List of tallest buildings]]

{{Portal bar|Hong Kong|Architecture}}
{{Portal bar|Hong Kong|Architecture}}


Revision as of 12:22, 23 August 2024

International Commerce Centre (ICC)
環球貿易廣場
Map
General information
StatusCompleted
TypeCommercial offices
Location1 Austin Road West, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Construction started2002; 22 years ago (2002)
Completed2010; 14 years ago (2010)[1]
ManagementHarbour Vantage[1]
Height
Architectural484 m (1,588 ft)[1]
Tip484 m (1,588 ft)[1]
Technical details
Floor count108 above ground[1]
Lifts/elevators84[2]
Design and construction
Architect(s)Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates[1]
DeveloperSun Hung Kai Properties Limited[1]
Structural engineerArup[1]
Main contractorChina State Construction Engineering Corporation;[1] Sanfield Building Contractors Limited [1]

The International Commerce Centre is a 108-storey, 484 m (1,588 ft) supertall skyscraper in West Kowloon, Hong Kong, resting atop the Elements mall and near two MTR Stations (Kowloon and Austin Station). It is the world's 13th tallest building by height, 10th tallest by number of floors, and Hong Kong's tallest, as well as the only building in the city with over 100 storeys.[1] The official height is 484 m (1,588 ft), which includes the 6 m (20 ft) tall parapets on the roof.[1][3] It was the world's 4th tallest building and 3rd in Asia when completed in 2010.[citation needed]

International Commerce Centre compared with other tallest buildings in Asia.

The south side of the building faces Victoria Harbour.

History

The height had been scaled back from earlier plans due to regulations that did not allow buildings to be taller than the surrounding mountains. The original proposal for this building was called Kowloon Station Phase 7 and it was designed to be 574 m (1,883 ft) tall with 102 floors.[4]

The tower was designed by the American architectural firm Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) in association with Wong & Ouyang. It was built by Sanfield, the construction subsidiary of Sun Hung Kai.[5]

Construction work was temporarily halted[6] on 13 September 2009, due to an lift shaft accident that killed six workers.[7]

The ICC Light and Music Show

The LED light show set a new Guinness World Records for the “largest light and sound show on a single building” using a total of 50,000 m2 on two facades of the ICC.[8] The Show is designed by the lighting design supervisor, Hirohito Totsune,[9] who already designed the lighting system of the Tokyo Skytree.[10] It creates a theme and story line by using lights and music elements, similar to "A Symphony of Lights" in Victoria Harbour.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "International Commerce Centre – the Skyscraper Center".
  2. ^ "International Commerce Centre".
  3. ^ "International Commerce Center, Hong Kong". skyscraperpage.com. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
  4. ^ "International Commerce Center". Leslie E. Robertson Associates. Archived from the original on 14 December 2004. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  5. ^ Stephens, Suzanne (16 May 2012). "International Commerce Centre". Architectural Record.
  6. ^ "地盤平台墜樓6工人全死". INews.com. Retrieved 13 September 2009.
  7. ^ Kyunghee Park (13 September 2009). "Elevator Shaft Accident Kills Six Workers in Hong Kong Tower". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
  8. ^ "ICC Light and Music Show (Hong Kong) - All You Need to Know BEFORE You Go".
  9. ^ "Hirohito Totsune lights up the ICC". 19 April 2013.
  10. ^ "TOKYO SKYTREE® (Japan) | Case Study | lighting | Electric Works | Business | Panasonic Global".
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