H. D. Deve Gowda: Difference between revisions

H. D. Deve Gowda
H. D. Deve Gowda
	Gowda in 2015
11th Prime Minister of India
	In office; 1 June 1996 – 21 April 1997
President	Shankar Dayal Sharma
Preceded by	Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Succeeded by	Inder Kumar Gujral
President of Janata Dal (Secular)
	Incumbent
	Assumed office ; July 1999
Preceded by	Office established
Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
	Incumbent
	Assumed office ; 26 June 2020
Preceded by	D. Kupendra Reddy
Constituency	Karnataka
	In office; 23 September 1996 – 2 March 1998
Preceded by	Leeladevi Renuka Prasad
Succeeded by	A. Lakshmisagar
Constituency	Karnataka
Union Minister of Home Affairs
	In office; 1 June 1996 – 28 June 1996
Prime Minister	Himself
Preceded by	Murli Manohar Joshi
Succeeded by	Indrajit Gupta
8th Chief Minister of Karnataka
	In office; 11 December 1994 – 31 May 1996
Governor	Khurshed Alam Khan
Preceded by	Veerappa Moily
Succeeded by	Jayadevappa Halappa Patel
Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
	In office; 17 May 2004 – 23 May 2019
Preceded by	G. Puttaswamy Gowda
Succeeded by	Prajwal Revanna
Constituency	Hassan, Karnataka
	In office; 2 February 2002 – 16 May 2004
Preceded by	M. V. Chandrashekara Murthy
Succeeded by	Tejashwini Sreeramesh
Constituency	Kanakapura, Karnataka
	In office; 10 March 1998 – 26 April 1999
Preceded by	Rudresh Gowda
Succeeded by	G. Puttaswamy Gowda
Constituency	Hassan, Karnataka
	In office; 20 June 1991 – 11 December 1994
Preceded by	H. C. Srikantaiah
Succeeded by	Rudresh Gowda
Constituency	Hassan, Karnataka
Member of Karnataka Legislative Assembly
	In office; 1994–1996
Preceded by	CM Lingappa
Succeeded by	CM Lingappa
Constituency	Ramanagara
	In office; 1962–1989
Preceded by	Y. Veerappa
Succeeded by	G. Puttaswamy Gowda
Constituency	Holenarasipur
Personal details
Born	18 May 1933 (age 91); Haradanahalli, Kingdom of Mysore, British India ; (present-day Karnataka, India)
Political party	Janata Dal (Secular); (1999–present)
Other political; affiliations	National Democratic Alliance (2007-08; 2023-present); Janata Dal (1990–1999); Janata Party (1977–1990); Indian National Congress (Organisation) (1972–1976); UOP (1976–1977); Indian National Congress (1953–1962);
Spouse	Chennamma (m. 1954)
Children	6 children; including H. D. Revanna,; H. D. Kumaraswamy
Education	Diploma in Civil Engineering
Alma mater	L. V. Polytechnic, Hassan
Profession	Politician; agriculturist; civil engineer;
Signature
Website	hddevegowda.in
Nickname(s)	Mannina Maga ; Dodda Gowdaru

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Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda (pronunciation^ⓘ; born 18 May 1933)^[3] is an Indian politician who served as the prime minister of India from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997.^[4]^[5] He was previously the 14th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1994 to 1996. He presently is a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha representing Karnataka. He is the national president of the Janata Dal (Secular) party.^[6] Born in a farming family, he joined the Indian National Congress party in 1953, and remained a member until 1962. He was imprisoned during the Emergency. He became President of the state unit of Janata Dal in 1994, and was considered to be a driving force in the party's victory in Karnataka. He served as the 8th Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1994 to 1996. In the 1996 general elections, no party won enough seats to form a government. When the United Front, a coalition of regional parties, formed the central government with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government after V. P. Singh and Jyoti Basu declined the post ^[7]^[8]and he was elected Prime Minister. During his tenure as prime minister, he also served as Home Minister for some time. His prime ministerial tenure lasted for less than a year. After his prime ministerial tenure, he was elected to the 12th (1998), 14th (2004), 15th, and 16th Lok Sabha, as Member of Parliament for the Hassan Lok Sabha constituency. He lost Lok Sabha elections in 2019 from Tumkuru but has been elected to Rajya Sabha since.^[9]

Early life

H. D. Deve Gowda was born on 18 May 1933 in Haradanahalli, a village in Holenarasipura Taluk, of the erstwhile Kingdom of Mysore (now in Hassan, Karnataka). His father Dodde Gowda was a paddy farmer and mother, Devamma was a home maker.^[10]^[11]

Gowda earned a diploma in civil engineering from L. V. Polytechnic, Hassan, in the early 1950s.^[12]

Politics

Gowda joined the Indian National Congress party in 1953 and remained a member until 1962. During that period, he was President of Anjaneya Cooperative Society of Holenarasipura and later became a member of the Taluk Development Board of Holenarasipura.

In 1962, Gowda was elected to the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from Holenarasipura constituency as an independent candidate. Later, he was elected from the same constituency to the Assembly for six consecutive terms from 1962 to 1989. He joined the Congress (O) during the Congress split and served as the Leader of Opposition in the Assembly from March 1972 to March 1976 and again from November 1976 to December 1977.^[13] During the Emergency (1975–77), he was imprisoned in the Bangalore Central Jail.

Gowda was the two time President of state unit of the Janata Party. He continued to win from Holenarasipur assembly segment on Janata Party's ticket in 1978, 1983 and 1985. He served as a minister in the Janata Party Government in Karnataka headed by Ramakrishna Hegde from 1983 to 1988. When V P Singh joined Janata Dal, Subramanian Swamy formed Janata Party (Jaya Prakash) faction, and Deve Gowda joined him to become Janata Party (JP)'s Karnataka President. But he lost from Holenarasipur in 1989, and soon later rejoined Janata Dal.^[14] He became President of the state unit of Janata Dal in 1994 and was the driving force behind the victory of the party in the 1994 State Assembly elections. He was elected from the Ramanagara, and sworn in as the 14th Chief Minister of Karnataka in December.

In January 1995, Gowda toured Switzerland and attended the Forum of International Economists. His tour to Singapore brought in foreign investment to the State.^[3]

Prime Minister (June 1996 - April 1997)

In the 1996 general elections, the Congress party headed by P. V. Narasimha Rao lost decisively but no other party won enough seats to form a government.

When the United Front (a conglomeration of non-Congress and non-BJP regional parties) decided to form the Government at the Centre with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government and became the 11th Prime Minister of India.^[6] He took over as Prime Minister of India on 1 June 1996 and continued until 21 April 1997. Also, he was the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the United Front, the policy making apex body of all the constituents of the ruling front.^[6] He is credited for providing financial closure and kickstarting development of the Delhi Metro Project.^[15]

Post-premiership

The Janata Dal (Secular) traces its roots back to the Janata Dal founded by V. P. Singh.

The Janata Dal was formed on the merger of the Janata Party with smaller opposition parties in 1988. Vishwanath Pratap Singh became the first Prime Minister of India from Janata Dal when he headed the National Front government in 1989. Later Deve Gowda and Inder Kumar Gujral too became prime ministers heading the United Front (UF) coalition governments in 1996 and 1997 respectively.^{[citation needed]}

In 1999, when some senior leaders of the party decided to join hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led NDA, the party split into factions. Many leaders, including Madhu Dandawate and Siddaramaiah, joined the Janata Dal (Secular) faction headed by Deve Gowda, who became the National president of this faction.^{[citation needed]}

He was defeated in the 1999 general elections.

The 2004 elections in Karnataka witnessed the revival of his party's fortunes under the leadership of Siddaramaiah with the Janata Dal (Secular) winning 58 seats and becoming a part of the ruling coalition in the state. Later, the party joined with the BJP and formed an alternate government in 2006. His son H. D. Kumaraswamy headed the BJP-JD(S) coalition government in the state for 20 months.^[16]^[17] In the 2008 state elections, the party performed poorly and won just 28 seats, but it has remained a significant force in South Karnataka.^{[citation needed]}

Deve Gowda expelled Siddaramaiah and CM Ibrahim JDS party, because Siddaramaiah led AHINDA^[18]^[19]^[20] movement; representing minority, backward, and Dalit people in Karnataka.^[21] Later, both Siddaramaiah and CM Ibrahim joined the Indian National Congress,^[22] which won the 2013 Vidhana Sabha election. Siddaramaiah was elected as the Chief Minister of Karnataka state in 2013.^[23]

In 2008, JDS did not transfer the power to BJP with B. S. Yediyurappa as CM in accord to the initial negotiation.^[24]^[25]^[26] This led to major setback for JDS in 2008 vidhana sabha election, JDS received only 28 seats^[27] compared to 58 seats^[28] in the 2004 vidhana sabha election. Since B. S. Yediyurappa is from Lingayath community, largest in the Karnataka state, many leaders in JDS from Lingayath community such as M. P. Prakash quit the party.^[29] B. S. Yediyurappa was elected as the Chief Minister of Karnataka state in 2008.^[30] Deve Gowda abused B. S. Yediyurappa, who was then chief minister of Karnataka.^[31]^[32] This event was termed as "new low in Indian politics".^[33] Gowda later apologised for hurling abuse at the chief minister of Karnataka.^[34]

Deve Gowda contested the 2019 general elections against G. S. Basavaraj in Tumkur Lok Sabha constituency of Karnataka. G. S. Basavaraj, BJP candidate of Tumkur Constituency won against Deve Gowda by a margin of 13,339 votes. G. S. Basavaraj polled 5,96,127 votes while Deve Gowda got 5,82,788 votes.^[35]

Personal life

He married Chennamma in 1954. They have six children together: four sons, including politicians H. D. Revanna and H. D. Kumaraswamy, who is the former Chief Minister of Karnataka, and two daughters.^[36]

Electoral history

**Legislative Assembly Elections**
Year	Constituency	Party	Result	Votes	Opposition Candidate	Opposition Party	Opposition votes	Ref
1962	Holenarasipur	IND	Won	12,622	H. D. Doddegowda	INC	7,338	^[37]
1967	Holenarasipur	IND	Won	20,594	H. D. Doddegowda	INC	12,191	^[37]
1972	Holenarasipur	INC(O)	Won	26,639	K. Kumaraswamy	INC	20,475	^[37]
1978	Holenarasipur	JNP	Won	33,992	K. Kumaraswamy	INC	28,472	^[37]
1983	Holenarasipur	JNP	Won	37,239	K. Kumaraswamy	INC	28,158	^[37]
1985	Holenarasipur	JNP	Won	41,230	G. Puttaswamy Gowda	IND	38,063	^[37]
1985	Sathanur	JNP	Won	45,612	D. K. Shivakumar	INC	29,809	^[38]
1989	Holenarasipur	JNP	Lost	45,461	G. Puttaswamy Gowda	INC	53,297	^[37]
1994	Ramanagara	JD	Won	47,986	C. M. Lingappa	INC	38,392	^[39]

**Parliament Elections**
Year	Constituency	Party	Result	Votes	Opposition Candidate	Opposition Party	Opposition votes	Ref
1991	Hassan	JNP	Won	2,60,761	H. C. Srikantaiah	INC	2,57,570	^[40]
1998	Hassan	JD	Won	3,36,407	H. C. Srikantaiah	INC	3,04,753	^[40]
1999	Hassan	JD(S)	Lost	2,56,587	G. Putta Swamy Gowda	INC	3,98,344	^[40]
2002 (bypoll)	Kanakapura	JD(S)	Won	5,81,709	D. K. Shivakumar	INC	5,29,133	^[41]
2004	Hassan	JD(S)	Won	4,62,625	H. C. Srikantaiah	INC	2,72,320	^[40]
2004	Kanakapura	JD(S)	Lost	4,62,320	Tejashwini Sreeramesh	INC	2,72,320	^[42]
2009	Hassan	JD(S)	Won	4,96,429	K. H. Hanume Gowda	BJP	2,05,316	^[40]
2014	Hassan	JD(S)	Won	5,09,841	A. Manju	INC	4,09,379	^[40]
2019	Tumkur	JD(S)	Lost	5,82,788	G. S. Basavaraj	BJP	5,96,127	^[43]

Positions held

Gowda was a Member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly twice, from 1962 to 1989, and later from 1994 to 1996. From 1972 to 1976, he was the Leader of Opposition,^[44] and the Karnataka State President of the Janata Party (Jaya Prakash) faction in 1989.^[45]^[46] In 1991, Gowda was elected to 10th Lok Sabha from Hassan, and in three years after, became a Member, Committee on Commerce of the parliament.

In 1994, he was made the President of the Janata Dal in Karnataka and the Chief Minister of Karnataka, a position he held till 1996. The next year was him becoming the Prime Minister of India. From 1996 to 1998, he was a member of the Rajya Sabha, and was re-elected into the 12th Lok Sabha for a 2nd term in 1998, 13th Lok Sabha in 1999 and a re-election in 2002.^[47]

On 23 May 2019, he lost from Tumkur in the general election,^[48]^[49] his third such loss. In 2020, he was elected to Rajya Sabha from Karnataka.^[50]

References

^ Depar of Justice; Ministry of Law & Justice; Government of India. "H. D. Deve Gowda". doj.gov.in. Retrieved 13 December 2021. [H. D.] Deve Gowda [...] served as the 11th Prime Minister of India from June 1996 to April 1997.
^ "Leaders of the Opposition of Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 1962". kla.kar.nic.in. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
^ ^a ^b "Shri H. D. Deve Gowda". pmindia.gov.in. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
^ Press Trust of India (25 February 2015). "I will not contest any more elections: Deve Gowda". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 December 2021. Gowda became the 12th Prime Minister in June 1996.
^ "Britannica article". Retrieved 16 October 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c "JDS Leader: H. D. Deve Gowda Profile". janata.in. Archived from the original on 25 September 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
^ Mukerji, Debashish (8 December 2021). "Before Deve Gowda, VP Singh was asked to be PM of United Front. He hid in his flat, car". ThePrint. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
^ Srinivasaraju, Sugata (5 June 2021). "Deve Gowda and the accidental prime ministers". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
^ "Hassan Election Result 2019". Times Now. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
^ "Asiaweek article". Retrieved 30 September 2007.
^ "New Indian Express article". Archived from the original on 29 March 2014. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
^ "Deve Gowda goes down memory lane". The Hindu. 2 February 2009. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
^ "Janata Dal (Secular)". Janatadalsecular.org.in. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
^ "Holenarasipur Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency".
^ "The derailment of E Sreedharan". TOI. 2 March 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
^ "Janata Dal Secular". Janata.in. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
^ "Janata Dal (Secular)". Janatadalsecular.org.in. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
^ "Siddaramaiah under pressure to revive AHINDA". The Hindu. 23 June 2006. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "AHINDA leaders divided over Siddaramaiah's likely pact with BJP". The Hindu. 7 January 2009. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "Ahinda movement will be strengthened to prevent Dalits from joining Hindutva fold". The Times of India. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "JD(S) to expel Siddaramaiah, Ibrahim". The Hindu. 2 October 2005. Archived from the original on 29 May 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Siddaramaiah joins Congress". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Siddaramaiah to be sworn-in as Karnataka Chief Minister on Monday". NDTV.com. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "BJP's assessment of JD(S) was wrong: Venkaiah Naidu". CNN-IBN. Retrieved 12 May 2013.^{[dead link]}
^ "JDS did not betray BJP, says Kumaraswamy". India – DNA. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "BJP says its Betrayal withdraws Support to JDS in Karnataka". Daijiworld. Archived from the original on 13 October 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2008". Elections in India. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2004". Elections in India. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Prakash-led rebel group quits JD-S in Karnataka". Monsters and Critics. Archived from the original on 1 September 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Yeddyurappa sworn-in as Karnataka Chief Minister". Oneindia News. 30 May 2008. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
^ "Former PM Deve Gowda abuses Karnataka CM". DNA India. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "Former PM Gowda calls CM Yeddyurappa a bloody bastard". The Times of India. 11 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "New low in politics, Gowda abuses Yeddyurappa". NDTV. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "Deve Gowda abuses Yeddyurappa, then says sorry". Rediff.com. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.
^ "Lok Sabha election results 2019: Former Prime Minister Deve Gowda loses to BJP's GS Basavaraju in Tumkur". CNBCTV18. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
^ Baweja, Harinder (31 January 1997). "The taste of power". India Today. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Holenarasipur (Karnataka) Assembly Constituency Elections". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
^ "Sathanur Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency". resultuniversity.com. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
^ "Ramanagaram (Karnataka) Assembly Constituency Elections". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Hassan Parliamentary Constituency Election and Results Update". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
^ "PC Bye Election: Kanakapura 2002". indiavotes.com. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
^ 2004 General Election eci.gov.in ^{[dead link]}
^ "Tumkur Parliamentary Constituency Election and Results Update". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.
^ "Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1972".
^ "The Man Who Would be PM | Outlook India Magazine". 6 February 2022.
^ "Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1989".
^ "1999 India General (13th Lok Sabha) Elections Results".
^ "Sacrifice for grandsons proves costly for Deve Gowda, he loses Tumkur". The News Minute. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
^ "Lok Sabha". Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2014.
^ "H D Deve Gowda takes oath as Rajya Sabha member". Hindustan Times Minute. Retrieved 10 June 2021.

External links

Official website
Prime Minister H. D. Deve Gowda Prime Ministers Office, Archived

Political offices
Preceded by Atal Bihari Vajpayee	Prime Minister of India 1996–1997	Succeeded by Inder Kumar Gujral
Party political offices
Preceded by	Leader of the Janata Dal (Secular) Party in the 16th Lok Sabha 2014–present	Incumbent

[1] Depar of Justice; Ministry of Law & Justice; Government of India. "H. D. Deve Gowda". doj.gov.in. Retrieved 13 December 2021. [H. D.] Deve Gowda [...] served as the 11th Prime Minister of India from June 1996 to April 1997.

[2] "Leaders of the Opposition of Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 1962". kla.kar.nic.in. Retrieved 9 August 2021.

[pmindia1-3] "Shri H. D. Deve Gowda". pmindia.gov.in. Retrieved 4 August 2012.

[4] Press Trust of India (25 February 2015). "I will not contest any more elections: Deve Gowda". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 December 2021. Gowda became the 12th Prime Minister in June 1996.

[www.britannica.com-5] "Britannica article". Retrieved 16 October 2014.

[janata.in-6] "JDS Leader: H. D. Deve Gowda Profile". janata.in. Archived from the original on 25 September 2010. Retrieved 11 June 2017.

[m959-7] Mukerji, Debashish (8 December 2021). "Before Deve Gowda, VP Singh was asked to be PM of United Front. He hid in his flat, car". ThePrint. Retrieved 29 June 2024.

[w849-8] Srinivasaraju, Sugata (5 June 2021). "Deve Gowda and the accidental prime ministers". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 29 June 2024.

[9] "Hassan Election Result 2019". Times Now. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.

[10] "Asiaweek article". Retrieved 30 September 2007.

[11] "New Indian Express article". Archived from the original on 29 March 2014. Retrieved 28 March 2014.

[12] "Deve Gowda goes down memory lane". The Hindu. 2 February 2009. Retrieved 11 June 2017.

[13] "Janata Dal (Secular)". Janatadalsecular.org.in. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.

[14] "Holenarasipur Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency".

[15] "The derailment of E Sreedharan". TOI. 2 March 2021. Retrieved 4 March 2021.

[16] "Janata Dal Secular". Janata.in. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 4 August 2012.

[17] "Janata Dal (Secular)". Janatadalsecular.org.in. Archived from the original on 4 August 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2012.

[Ahinda1-18] "Siddaramaiah under pressure to revive AHINDA". The Hindu. 23 June 2006. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[Ahinda2-19] "AHINDA leaders divided over Siddaramaiah's likely pact with BJP". The Hindu. 7 January 2009. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[Ahinda3-20] "Ahinda movement will be strengthened to prevent Dalits from joining Hindutva fold". The Times of India. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[The_Hindu-21] "JD(S) to expel Siddaramaiah, Ibrahim". The Hindu. 2 October 2005. Archived from the original on 29 May 2006. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[Siddaramaiah_joins_Congress-22] "Siddaramaiah joins Congress". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[NDTV.com-23] "Siddaramaiah to be sworn-in as Karnataka Chief Minister on Monday". NDTV.com. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[BJP's_assessment_of_JD(S)_was_wrong:_Venkaiah_Naidu-24] "BJP's assessment of JD(S) was wrong: Venkaiah Naidu". CNN-IBN. Retrieved 12 May 2013.^{[dead link]}

[JDS_did_not_betray_BJP,_says_Kumaraswamy-25] "JDS did not betray BJP, says Kumaraswamy". India – DNA. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[BJP_says_its_Betrayal_withdraws_Support_to_JDS_in_Karnataka-26] "BJP says its Betrayal withdraws Support to JDS in Karnataka". Daijiworld. Archived from the original on 13 October 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[Karnataka_Assembly_Election_Results_2008-27] "Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2008". Elections in India. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[Karnataka_Assembly_Election_Results_2004-28] "Karnataka Assembly Election Results 2004". Elections in India. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[Monsters_and_Critics-29] "Prakash-led rebel group quits JD-S in Karnataka". Monsters and Critics. Archived from the original on 1 September 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[Oneindia_News-30] "Yeddyurappa sworn-in as Karnataka Chief Minister". Oneindia News. 30 May 2008. Retrieved 12 May 2013.

[abuse1-31] "Former PM Deve Gowda abuses Karnataka CM". DNA India. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[abuse3-32] "Former PM Gowda calls CM Yeddyurappa a bloody bastard". The Times of India. 11 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[abuse4-33] "New low in politics, Gowda abuses Yeddyurappa". NDTV. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[abuse2-34] "Deve Gowda abuses Yeddyurappa, then says sorry". Rediff.com. 10 January 2010. Retrieved 13 October 2017.

[Siddaramaiah_sworn_in_as_Karnataka_Chief_Minister-35] "Lok Sabha election results 2019: Former Prime Minister Deve Gowda loses to BJP's GS Basavaraju in Tumkur". CNBCTV18. 23 May 2019. Retrieved 23 May 2019.

[36] Baweja, Harinder (31 January 1997). "The taste of power". India Today. Retrieved 11 June 2017.

[elections.in-37] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "Holenarasipur (Karnataka) Assembly Constituency Elections". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.

[38] "Sathanur Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency". resultuniversity.com. Retrieved 30 October 2023.

[39] "Ramanagaram (Karnataka) Assembly Constituency Elections". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.

[elections.in_hassan-40] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Hassan Parliamentary Constituency Election and Results Update". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.

[41] "PC Bye Election: Kanakapura 2002". indiavotes.com. Retrieved 28 December 2021.

[42] 2004 General Election eci.gov.in ^{[dead link]}

[43] "Tumkur Parliamentary Constituency Election and Results Update". elections.in. Retrieved 28 December 2021.

[44] "Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1972".

[45] "The Man Who Would be PM | Outlook India Magazine". 6 February 2022.

[46] "Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1989".

[47] "1999 India General (13th Lok Sabha) Elections Results".

[48] "Sacrifice for grandsons proves costly for Deve Gowda, he loses Tumkur". The News Minute. Retrieved 10 June 2021.

[164.100.47.132-49] "Lok Sabha". Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2014.

[50] "H D Deve Gowda takes oath as Rajya Sabha member". Hindustan Times Minute. Retrieved 10 June 2021.

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@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 | image               = H. D. Deve Gowda BNC.jpg
 | image_size          =
-| caption             = Deve Gowda in 2015
+| caption             = Gowda in 2015
-| office              = 0th [[Prime Minister of India]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Depar of Justice |last2=Ministry of Law & Justice |last3=Government of India |title=H. D. Deve Gowda |url=https://doj.gov.in/about-us/minister/former-minister/h-d-deve-gowda |website=doj.gov.in |access-date=13 December 2021 |quote=[H. D.] Deve Gowda [...] served as the 11th Prime Minister of India from June 1996 to April 1997.}}</ref>
+| office              = 11th [[Prime Minister of India]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Depar of Justice |last2=Ministry of Law & Justice |last3=Government of India |title=H. D. Deve Gowda |url=https://doj.gov.in/about-us/minister/former-minister/h-d-deve-gowda |website=doj.gov.in |access-date=13 December 2021 |quote=[H. D.] Deve Gowda [...] served as the 11th Prime Minister of India from June 1996 to April 1997.}}</ref>
 | president           = [[Shankar Dayal Sharma]]
 | term_start          = 1 June 1996
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 | predecessor         = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
 | successor           = [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
-| office3             = [[Minister for Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]]
+| office4             = [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Union Minister of Home Affairs]]
-| term_start3         = 1 June 1996
+| term_start4         = 1 June 1996
-| term_end3           = 28 June 1996
+| term_end4           = 28 June 1996
-| primeminister3      = ''Himself''
+| primeminister4      = ''Himself''
-| predecessor3        = [[Murli Manohar Joshi]]
+| predecessor4        = [[Murli Manohar Joshi]]
-| successor3          = [[Indrajit Gupta]]
+| successor4          = [[Indrajit Gupta]]
-| office4             = 8th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]
+| office5             = 8th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]
-| governor4           = [[Khurshed Alam Khan]]
+| governor5           = [[Khurshed Alam Khan]]
-| term_start4         = 11 December 1994
+| term_start5         = 11 December 1994
-| term_end4           = 31 May 1996
+| term_end5           = 31 May 1996
-| predecessor4        = [[Veerappa Moily]]
+| predecessor5        = [[Veerappa Moily]]
-| successor4          = [[J. H. Patel|Jayadevappa Halappa Patel]]
+| successor5          = [[J. H. Patel|Jayadevappa Halappa Patel]]
-| office1             = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
+| office2             = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
-| constituency1       = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka|Karnataka]]
+| constituency2       = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka|Karnataka]]
-| term_start1         = 26 June 2020
+| term_start2         = 26 June 2020
+| term_end2           =
+| predecessor2        = [[D. Kupendra Reddy]]
+| successor2          =
+| constituency3       = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka|Karnataka]]
+| term_start3         = 23 September 1996
+| term_end3           = 2 March 1998
+| predecessor3        = Leeladevi Renuka Prasad
+| successor3          = [[A. Lakshmisagar]]
+| office1             = President of [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
+| term_start1         = July 1999
 | term_end1           =
-| predecessor1        = [[D. Kupendra Reddy]]
+| predecessor1        = ''Office established''
 | successor1          =
-| constituency2       = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka|Karnataka]]
+| office6             = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
+| constituency6       = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan, Karnataka]]
-| term_start2         = 23 September 1996
-| term_end2           = 2 March 1998
-| predecessor2        = Leeladevi Renuka Prasad
-| successor2          = A. Laxmisagar
-| office5             = President of [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
-| term_start5         = July 1999
-| term_end5           =
-| predecessor5        = Position established
-| successor5          =
-| office6             = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
-| constituency6       = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]]
 | term_start6         = 17 May 2004
 | term_end6           = 23 May 2019
 | predecessor6        = [[G. Puttaswamy Gowda]]
 | successor6          = [[Prajwal Revanna]]
-| constituency7       = [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakapura]]
+| constituency7       = [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakapura, Karnataka]]
 | term_start7         = 2 February 2002
 | term_end7           = 16 May 2004
 | predecessor7        = [[M. V. Chandrashekara Murthy]]
 | successor7          = [[Tejashwini Sreeramesh]]
-| constituency8       = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]]
+| constituency8       = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan, Karnataka]]
 | term_start8         = 10 March 1998
 | term_end8           = 26 April 1999
 | predecessor8        = [[Rudresh Gowda]]
 | successor8          = [[G. Puttaswamy Gowda]]
-| constituency9       = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]]
+| constituency9       = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan, Karnataka]]
 | term_start9         = 20 June 1991
 | term_end9           = 11 December 1994
-| predecessor9        = [[H.C_Srikantaiah | H.C Srikantaiah]]
+| predecessor9        = [[H.C_Srikantaiah|H. C. Srikantaiah]]
 | successor9          = [[Rudresh Gowda]]
 | office10            = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
-| constituency10      = [[Ramanagaram (Vidhana Sabha constituency)|Ramanagara]]
+| constituency10      = [[Ramanagaram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ramanagara]]
 | term_start10        = {{Start date|1994||}}
 | term_end10          = {{End date|1996||}}
@@ Line 73: / Line 73: @@
 | predecessor11       = Y. Veerappa
 | successor11         = [[G. Puttaswamy Gowda]]
-| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1933|05|18|df=91}}
+| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1933|05|18|df=92}}
 | birth_place         = [[Haradanahalli]], [[Kingdom of Mysore]], [[British Raj|British India]] <br /> {{small|(present-day [[Karnataka]], [[India]])}}
 | party               = [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]<br />{{small|(1999–present)}}
-| otherparty          =  *[[National Democratic Alliance]] {{small|(2023-Present)}}
+| otherparty          = *[[National Democratic Alliance]] {{small|(2007-08; 2023-present)}}
 *[[Janata Dal]] <small>(1990–1999)</small>
 *[[Janata Party]] <small>(1977–1990)</small>
@@ Line 82: / Line 82: @@
 *UOP <small>(1976–1977)</small><ref>{{Cite web|title=Leaders of the Opposition of Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 1962|url=http://kla.kar.nic.in/assembly/review/previousleaderofopposition.htm|access-date=2021-08-09|website=kla.kar.nic.in}}</ref>
 *[[Indian National Congress]] <small>(1953–1962)</small>
-| spouse              = {{Marriage|Chennamma|25 May 1954}}
+| spouse              = {{marriage|Chennamma|25 May 1954}}
 | children            = 6 children; including [[H. D. Revanna]],<br />[[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]
-| profession          = [[Politician]], [[Farmer]], [[Civil engineer]]
+| profession          = {{hlist|[[Politician]]|[[agriculturist]]|[[civil engineer]]}}
 | website             = {{URL|http://hddevegowda.in}}
-| signature           = DeveGowda autograph.jpg
+| signature           = H.D.Devegowda Signature.svg
-| education           = Diploma in Civil Engineering
+| education           = [[Diploma in Civil Engineering]]
-| nationality         = [[India]]n
+| nationality         = [[Indian people|Indian]]
 | alma_mater          = L. V. Polytechnic, Hassan
 | nickname            = Mannina Maga <br /> Dodda Gowdaru
 }}
-'''Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda''' ({{pronunciation|H. D. Deve Gowda name pronounciation.ogg}}; born 18 May 1933)<ref name="pmindia1">{{cite web|url=http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/former_pm/shri-h-d-deve-gowda/|title=Shri H. D. Deve Gowda|publisher=pmindia.gov.in|access-date=4 August 2012}}</ref> is an Indian politician who served as the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|11th]] [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister of India]] from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Press Trust of India |title=I will not contest any more elections: Deve Gowda |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/i-will-not-contest-any-more-elections-deve-gowda/article6933522.ece |access-date=13 December 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=25 February 2015 |language=en-IN |quote=Gowda became the 12th Prime Minister in June 1996.}}</ref><ref name="www.britannica.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/938170/HD-Deve-Gowda |title=Britannica article|access-date=2014-10-16}}</ref> He was previously the [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|14th]] [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 1994 to 1996. He presently is a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] representing [[Karnataka]]. He is the national president of the [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] party.<ref name="janata.in">{{cite web|title=JDS Leader: H. D. Deve Gowda Profile|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|publisher=janata.in|access-date=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925020517/http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|archive-date=25 September 2010}}</ref> Born in a farming family, he joined the [[Indian National Congress]] party in 1953, and remained a member until 1962. He was imprisoned during [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]]. He became President of the state unit of [[Janata Dal]] in 1994, and was considered to be a driving force in the party's victory in [[Karnataka]]. He served as the [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|8th]] [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 1994 to 1996. In the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general elections]], no party won enough seats to form a government. When the [[Third Front (India)|United Front]], a coalition of regional parties, formed the central government with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government and was elected Prime Minister. During his tenure as prime minister, he also served as Home Minister for some time. His prime ministerial tenure lasted for less than a year. After his prime ministerial tenure, he was elected to the 12th (1998), 14th (2004), [[15th Lok Sabha|15th]], and [[16th Lok Sabha]], as Member of Parliament for the [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]] Lok Sabha constituency. He lost [[2019 Indian general election|Lok Sabha elections in 2019]] from [[Tumkur Lok Sabha constituency|Tumkuru]] but has been elected to Rajya Sabha since.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/article/hassan-karnataka-election-2019-hassan-election-results-political-parties-jd-s-bjp-prajwal-revanna-manju-a/414691| title=Hassan Election Result 2019| publisher=Times Now | date=23 May 2019|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref>
+{{Indian name|Deve Gowda|Haradanahalli Doddegowda}}'''Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda''' ({{pronunciation|H. D. Deve Gowda name pronounciation.ogg}}; born 18 May 1933)<ref name="pmindia1">{{cite web|url=http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/former_pm/shri-h-d-deve-gowda/|title=Shri H. D. Deve Gowda|publisher=pmindia.gov.in|access-date=4 August 2012}}</ref> is an Indian politician who served as the [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister of India]] from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Press Trust of India |title=I will not contest any more elections: Deve Gowda |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/i-will-not-contest-any-more-elections-deve-gowda/article6933522.ece |access-date=13 December 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=25 February 2015 |language=en-IN |quote=Gowda became the 12th Prime Minister in June 1996.}}</ref><ref name="www.britannica.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/938170/HD-Deve-Gowda |title=Britannica article|access-date=2014-10-16}}</ref> He was previously the [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|14th]] [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 1994 to 1996. He presently is a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] representing [[Karnataka]]. He is the national president of the [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] party.<ref name="janata.in">{{cite web|title=JDS Leader: H. D. Deve Gowda Profile|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|publisher=janata.in|access-date=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925020517/http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|archive-date=25 September 2010}}</ref> Born in a farming family, he joined the [[Indian National Congress]] party in 1953, and remained a member until 1962. He was imprisoned during [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]]. He became President of the state unit of [[Janata Dal]] in 1994, and was considered to be a driving force in the party's victory in [[Karnataka]]. He served as the [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|8th]] [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 1994 to 1996. In the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general elections]], no party won enough seats to form a government. When the [[Third Front (India)|United Front]], a coalition of regional parties, formed the central government with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government after [[V. P. Singh]] and [[Jyoti Basu]] declined the post <ref name="m959">{{cite web | last=Mukerji | first=Debashish | title=Before Deve Gowda, VP Singh was asked to be PM of United Front. He hid in his flat, car | website=ThePrint | date=8 December 2021 | url=https://theprint.in/pageturner/excerpt/before-deve-gowda-vp-singh-was-asked-to-be-pm-of-united-front-he-hid-in-his-flat-car/777894/ | access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="w849">{{cite web | last=Srinivasaraju | first=Sugata | title=Deve Gowda and the accidental prime ministers | website=The New Indian Express | date=5 June 2021 | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/2021/Jun/05/devegowda-and-the-accidental-prime-ministers-2311864.html | access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref>and he was elected Prime Minister. During his tenure as prime minister, he also served as Home Minister for some time. His prime ministerial tenure lasted for less than a year. After his prime ministerial tenure, he was elected to the 12th (1998), 14th (2004), [[15th Lok Sabha|15th]], and [[16th Lok Sabha]], as Member of Parliament for the [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]] Lok Sabha constituency. He lost [[2019 Indian general election|Lok Sabha elections in 2019]] from [[Tumkur Lok Sabha constituency|Tumkuru]] but has been elected to Rajya Sabha since.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/article/hassan-karnataka-election-2019-hassan-election-results-political-parties-jd-s-bjp-prajwal-revanna-manju-a/414691| title=Hassan Election Result 2019| publisher=Times Now | date=23 May 2019|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref>
 ==Early life==
-H. D. Deve Gowda was born on 18 May 1933 in [[Haradanahalli]], a village in [[Holenarasipura]] [[Taluk]], of the erstwhile [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (now in [[Hassan district|Hassan]], [[Karnataka]]). His father Dodde Gowda was a [[Paddy (unmilled rice)|paddy]] farmer and mother, Devamma was a home maker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/96/0607/nat4.html|title=Asiaweek article|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/At-81-Gowda-Lives-on-Ragi-Mudde-on-the-Campaign-Trail/2014/03/28/article2135490.ece#.UzU21qiSySo|title=New Indian Express article|access-date=2014-03-28}}</ref>
+H. D. Deve Gowda was born on 18 May 1933 in [[Haradanahalli]], a village in [[Holenarasipura]] [[Taluk]], of the erstwhile [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (now in [[Hassan district|Hassan]], [[Karnataka]]). His father Dodde Gowda was a [[Paddy (unmilled rice)|paddy]] farmer and mother, Devamma was a home maker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/96/0607/nat4.html|title=Asiaweek article|access-date=2007-09-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/At-81-Gowda-Lives-on-Ragi-Mudde-on-the-Campaign-Trail/2014/03/28/article2135490.ece#.UzU21qiSySo|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329014142/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/At-81-Gowda-Lives-on-Ragi-Mudde-on-the-Campaign-Trail/2014/03/28/article2135490.ece#.UzU21qiSySo|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 March 2014|title=New Indian Express article|access-date=2014-03-28}}</ref>
 Gowda earned a diploma in [[civil engineering]] from L. V. Polytechnic, Hassan, in the early 1950s.<ref>{{cite news|title=Deve Gowda goes down memory lane|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Deve-Gowda-goes-down-memory-lane/article16652770.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=11 June 2017|date=2 February 2009}}</ref>
@@ Line 112: / Line 112: @@
 In January 1995, Gowda toured [[Switzerland]] and attended the Forum of International Economists. His tour to [[Singapore]] brought in foreign investment to the State.<ref name="pmindia1"/>
-== Prime Minister ==
+== Prime Minister (June 1996 - April 1997)==
 {{See also|Deve Gowda ministry}}
 In the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general elections]], the Congress party headed by [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] lost decisively but no other party won enough seats to form a government.
-When the [[United Front (India)|United Front]] (a conglomeration of non-Congress and non-BJP regional parties) decided to form the Government at the Centre with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government and became the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|11th]] [[Prime Minister of India]].<ref name="janata.in"/> He took over as [[Prime Minister of India]] on 1 June 1996 and continued until 21 April 1997. Also, he was the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the United Front, the policy making apex body of all the constituents of the ruling front.<ref name="janata.in"/> He is credited for providing financial closure and kickstarting development of the [[Delhi Metro]] Project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/the-derailment-of-e-sreedharan/articleshow/81295358.cms|title=The derailment of E Sreedharan|date=2 March 2021|website=TOI|language=en|access-date=4 March 2021}}</ref>
+When the [[United Front (India, 1996)|United Front]] (a conglomeration of non-Congress and non-BJP regional parties) decided to form the Government at the Centre with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government and became the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|11th]] [[Prime Minister of India]].<ref name="janata.in"/> He took over as [[Prime Minister of India]] on 1 June 1996 and continued until 21 April 1997. Also, he was the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the United Front, the policy making apex body of all the constituents of the ruling front.<ref name="janata.in"/> He is credited for providing financial closure and kickstarting development of the [[Delhi Metro]] Project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/the-derailment-of-e-sreedharan/articleshow/81295358.cms|title=The derailment of E Sreedharan|date=2 March 2021|website=TOI|language=en|access-date=4 March 2021}}</ref>
 ==Post-premiership==
@@ Line 215: / Line 215: @@
 ==Positions held==
-{{Cleanup section|reason=Resume like|date=July 2022}}
-{{Importance section|date=July 2022}}
 [[File:The former Prime Minister, Shri H.D. Deve Gowda addressing at the release of Book “MOVING ON… MOVING FORWARD A YEAR IN OFFICE”, published on the completion of One Year in the Office of the Vice President.JPG|thumb|Deve Gowda giving a speech]]<!--PLEASE DO NOT MAKE ADDITIONS TO THIS LIST WHICH DO NOT HAVE APPROPRIATE REFERENCES-->
+Gowda was a Member of the [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] twice, from 1962 to 1989, and later from 1994 to 1996. From 1972 to 1976, he was the Leader of Opposition,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1972-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1972}}</ref> and the Karnataka State President of the [[Janata Party]] (Jaya Prakash) faction in 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-man-who-would-be-pm/201434|title = The Man Who Would be PM &#124; Outlook India Magazine| date=6 February 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1989-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1989}}</ref> In 1991, Gowda was elected to [[10th Lok Sabha]] from [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]], and in three years after, became a Member, Committee on Commerce of the parliament.
+In 1994, he was made the President of the [[Janata Dal]] in Karnataka and the [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]], a position he held till 1996. The next year was him becoming the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|Prime Minister of India]]. From 1996 to 1998, he was a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], and was re-elected into the [[12th Lok Sabha]] for a 2nd term in 1998, [[13th Lok Sabha]] in 1999 and a re-election in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1999-election-results.html|title = 1999 India General (13th Lok Sabha) Elections Results}}</ref>
+On 23 May 2019, he lost from [[Tumkur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tumkur]] in the [[2019 Indian general election|general election]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Sacrifice for grandsons proves costly for Deve Gowda, he loses Tumkur|work=The News Minute|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sacrifice-grandsons-proves-costly-deve-gowda-he-loses-tumkur-102297|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="164.100.47.132">{{Cite web |url=http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |title=Lok Sabha |access-date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019223206/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> his third such loss. In 2020, he was elected to [[Rajya Sabha]] from Karnataka.<ref>{{cite news |title=H D Deve Gowda takes oath as Rajya Sabha member |work= Hindustan Times Minute|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/h-d-deve-gowda-takes-oath-as-rajya-sabha-member/story-MsIBNJqx8Z6lVQdgIXqvlL.html|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref>
-* 1962–1989, 1994–1996 : Member, [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
-* 1972–1976 : Leader of Opposition, Karnataka Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1972-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1972}}</ref>
-* 1978 : Member, [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]], from Holenarasipur
-* 1983–1988 : Minister for Public Works and Irrigation, Government of Karnataka.
-* 1989 : Karnataka State President of the new Janata Party (Jaya Prakash) faction. [[Subramanian Swamy]] was the national president.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-man-who-would-be-pm/201434|title = The Man Who Would be PM &#124; Outlook India Magazine| date=6 February 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1989-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1989}}</ref>
-* 1991 : Elected to [[10th Lok Sabha]] from [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
-* 1991–1994 : Member, Committee on Commerce
-** Member, Joint Parliamentary Committee on Fertilizers
-** Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Agriculture
-* 1994 : President, [[Janata Dal]], Karnataka.
-* 1994–1996 : [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]],
-* Jun. 1996 – Apr. 1997 : [[List of Prime Ministers of India|Prime Minister of India]] and also in charge of Ministries/Departments of Petroleum and Chemicals, Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Atomic Energy, Home Affairs, Agriculture, Food Processing Industries, Urban Affairs and Employment and Non-Conventional Energy Sources
-* 1996–1998 : Member, [[Rajya Sabha]]
-* Nov. 1996-Apr. 1997 : Leader of the House, [[Rajya Sabha]]
-* 1998 : Re-elected to [[12th Lok Sabha]] (2nd term).
-** National President, [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1999-election-results.html|title = 1999 India General (13th Lok Sabha) Elections Results}}</ref>
-* 2002 : Re-elected to [[13th Lok Sabha]] winning a by-election from [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakpura]]. (3rd term)
-* 2004 : Contested elections for [[14th Lok Sabha]] from two seats.
-** Was elected to [[14th Lok Sabha]] (4th term), from Hassan
-** But lost from [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakpura]], where he came third behind the winner [[Tejashwini Gowda]] (Congress) and [[Ramachandra Gowda]] (BJP).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiavotes.com/pc/detail/6846/43/14|title = IndiaVotes &#124; India's largest election database}}</ref>
-* 2006–2008 : Member, Committee on Railways
-* 2009 : Re-elected to [[15th Lok Sabha]] (5th term)
-* 31 Aug 2009 : Member, Committee on Defence
-* 2014 : Re-elected to [[16th Lok Sabha]] (6th term)
-* 1 Sep 2014 : Appointed member, Standing Committee on Defence
-* 23 May 2019: Lost from [[Tumkur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tumkur]] in [[2019 Indian general election|17th Lok Sabha elections]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Sacrifice for grandsons proves costly for Deve Gowda, he loses Tumkur|work=The News Minute|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sacrifice-grandsons-proves-costly-deve-gowda-he-loses-tumkur-102297|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="164.100.47.132">{{Cite web |url=http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |title=Lok Sabha |access-date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019223206/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> This was the third time he lost a [[Lok Sabha]] election as a former Prime Minister, after defeats in 1999 and 2004.
-* 2020 : Elected to [[Rajya Sabha]] from Karnataka.<ref>{{cite news |title=H D Deve Gowda takes oath as Rajya Sabha member |work= Hindustan Times Minute|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/h-d-deve-gowda-takes-oath-as-rajya-sabha-member/story-MsIBNJqx8Z6lVQdgIXqvlL.html|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 284: / Line 259: @@
 [[Category:Living people]]
 [[Category:People from Hassan district]]
-[[Category:Prime Ministers of India]]
+[[Category:Prime ministers of India]]
 [[Category:India MPs 2004–2009]]
 [[Category:India MPs 2009–2014]]
-[[Category:Chief Ministers of Karnataka]]
+[[Category:Chief ministers of Karnataka]]
 [[Category:Gowda administration]]
 [[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
@@ Line 296: / Line 271: @@
 [[Category:Samajwadi Janata Party politicians]]
 [[Category:Kannada people]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Internal Affairs of India]]
+[[Category:Ministers of internal affairs of India]]
 [[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka]]
 [[Category:India MPs 1991–1996]]
@@ Line 302: / Line 277: @@
 [[Category:India MPs 1999–2004]]
 [[Category:Lok Sabha members from Karnataka]]
-[[Category:Indians imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
+[[Category:Indian people imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
 [[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
 [[Category:Chief ministers from Janata Dal]]
-[[Category:Agriculture Ministers of India]]
+[[Category:Agriculture ministers of India]]
 [[Category:India MPs 2014–2019]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Power of India]]
+[[Category:Ministers of power of India]]
 [[Category:Mysore MLAs 1962–1967]]
 [[Category:Mysore MLAs 1967–1972]]

v t e Prime Minister of India
List By previous experience
Prime Ministers	Jawaharlal Nehru Lal Bahadur Shastri Premiership Indira Gandhi Morarji Desai Premiership Charan Singh Rajiv Gandhi V. P. Singh Premiership Chandra Shekhar P. V. Narasimha Rao Atal Bihari Vajpayee Premiership H. D. Deve Gowda Inder Kumar Gujral Manmohan Singh Narendra Modi Premiership
Acting	Gulzarilal Nanda
Things named after prime ministers Nehru Indira Rajiv Office Residence International trips Nehru Indira Vajpayee Modi Spouses Children Category

v t e Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (India)
Authorities	Central Zoo Authority of India National Biodiversity Authority National Tiger Conservation Authority
Subordinate offices	Andaman & Nicobar Islands Forest and Plantation Development Corporation Animal Welfare Board of India Botanical Survey of India Central Pollution Control Board Environmental Information System Odisha State Pollution Control Board Delhi Pollution Control Committee Directorate of Forest Education Forest Survey of India Indira Gandhi National Forest Academy National Afforestation and Eco-Development Board National Board of Wildlife National Institute of Animal Welfare National Museum of Natural History National Zoological Park Zoological Survey of India Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
Institutions	Centre for Environment Education C. P. R. Environmental Education Centre, Chennai Centre for Animals and Environment, Bangalore Centre of Excellence in Environmental Economics, Chennai Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions Centre for Ecological Sciences, Bangalore Centre for Environmental Management of Degraded Ecosystem, Delhi Centre for Mining Environment, Dhanbad Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management
Autonomous Institutions	G. B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Almora Indian Institute of Forest Management Indian Plywood Industries Research and Training Institute, Bengaluru Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education Wildlife Institute of India
Tribunal	National Green Tribunal
Secretaries	CK Mishra (incumbent)
Ministers	Rajiv Gandhi Bhajan Lal Ziaur Rahman Ansari(As MoS, IC till 25 June 1988) V. P. Singh Nilamani Routray Maneka Gandhi(MoS, IC) Kamal Nath (MoS, IC) Rajesh Pilot (MoS, IC) Atal Bihari Vajpayee Jai Narain Prasad Nishad Saifuddin Soz H. D. Deve Gowda I. K. Gujral Suresh Prabhu T. R. Baalu Atal Bihari Vajpayee Ramesh Bais A. Raja Manmohan Singh Jairam Ramesh(MoS, IC) Jayanthi Natarajan(MoS, IC) M. Veerappa Moily Prakash Javdekar(MoS, IC) Anil Madhav Dave(MoS, IC) Dr. Harsh Vardhan Prakash Javdekar (incumbent)
MoS	Mahesh Sharma Babul Supriyo (incumbent)
Legislations	National Green Tribunal Act
Civil Service	Indian Forest Service

v t e Chief ministers of Karnataka
Mysore	K. Chengalaraya Reddy K. Hanumanthaiah K. Manjappa S. Nijalingappa B. D. Jatti S. R. Kanthi Veerendra Patil D. Devaraj Urs
Karnataka	D. Devaraj Urs R. Gundu Rao Ramakrishna Hegde S. R. Bommai S. Bangarappa Veerappa Moily H. D. Deve Gowda J. H. Patel S. M. Krishna Dharam Singh H. D. Kumaraswamy B. S. Yeddyurappa D. V. Sadananda Gowda Jagadish Shettar Siddaramaiah (incumbent) Basavaraj Bommai
Coorg	C. M. Poonacha

v t e Members of the 15th Lok Sabha from Karnataka
Bharatiya Janata Party (19)	Katti Ramesh Vishwanath Suresh Angadi Gaddigoudar P.C. Ramesh Jigajinagi Shivkumar Chanabasappa Udasi Pralhad Joshi Ananthkumar Hegde Siddeswara G. M. B. Y. Raghavendra Nalin Kumar Kateel Janardhana Swamy G.S. Basavaraj D. B. Chandre Gowda P. C. Mohan Ananth Kumar D. V. Sadananda Gowda Sanna Pakirappa Shivaramagouda Shivanagouda J. Shantha
Indian National Congress (9)	Mallikarjun Kharge N. Dharam Singh Adagur H. Vishwanath R.Dhruvanarayana M. Veerappa Moily K. H. Muniyappa K. Jayaprakash Hegde Ramya D. K. Suresh
Janata Dal (Secular) (3)	H. D. Deve Gowda H.D. Kumaraswamy N. Chaluvaraya Swamy