Söğüt: Difference between revisions
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The issue I tried to address was the reference to alleged Turkish tribes of Eskenderun, Eskişehir & Konyali. There is no source refering to such tribes - the names used by a previous editor refer to cities (apart fron the first one) that originate in Ottoman imperial rule (Eskişehir) or predate the Turkic migration to Anatolia (Konyali: inhabitant of the Seljuk capital Konya/Byzantine Iconion & does not refer to a tribe). Additionally, I tidied up references to Etrugrul's tribe & the Ottomans |
RodRabelo7 (talk | contribs) |
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{{Short description|Town in Marmara, Turkey}} |
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{{Other places}} |
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{{More citations needed|date=December 2010}} |
{{More citations needed|date=December 2010}} |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox Turkey place |
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<!-- See Template:Infobox settlement for additional fields and descriptions --> |
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| name |
| name = Söğüt |
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| other_name = |
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| image_skyline |
| image_skyline = Screenshot 20200623 202323 com.android.gallery3d.jpg |
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| image_caption |
| image_caption = |
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| image_shield |
| image_shield = |
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| pushpin_map = Turkey Marmara#Turkey |
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| district = Söğüt |
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| leader_party = MHP |
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| leader_name = İsmet Sever |
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| area_footnotes = |
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| area_total_km2 = |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Turkey|Region]] |
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| elevation_m = |
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| population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/> |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Turkey|Province]] |
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| population_total = 13566 |
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| subdivision_name2 = [[Bilecik Province|Bilecik]] |
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| population_as_of = 2021 |
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| leader_party = [[Nationalist Movement Party |MHP]] |
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| postal_code = 11600 |
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| area_code = 0228 |
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| website = {{url|https://www.sogut.bel.tr/}} |
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| leader_name1 = Murat Öztürk |
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| area_footnotes = {{Turkey district areas|SOURCE}} |
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| area_blank1_title = District |
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| area_blank1_km2 = {{Turkey district areas|Bilecik|Söğüt}} |
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| population_footnotes = {{Turkey district populations|SOURCE|Bilecik}} |
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| population_urban = {{Turkey district populations|Bilecik|Söğüt|şehir}} |
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| population_as_of = {{Turkey district populations|YEAR}} |
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| population_blank1_title = District |
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| population_blank1 = {{Turkey district populations|Bilecik|Söğüt|toplam}} |
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| population_density_blank1_km2 = auto |
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|blank_info = 11|blank_name=[[Turkish car number plates|Licence plate]]| |
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| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]] |
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| area_code = (+90) 0228 |
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| website = {{url|www.sogut.bel.tr}} |
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}} |
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'''Söğüt''' ({{IPA|tr|ˈsœ.yt}}, {{Literal translation|[[willow]]}}) is a town in [[Bilecik Province]], [[Turkey]]. It is the seat of [[Söğüt District]].<ref name=ilce>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx İlçe Belediyesi], Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 30 January 2023.</ref> Its population is 13,566 (2021).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2021|url=https://www.tuik.gov.tr/indir/duyuru/favori_raporlar.xlsx |access-date=30 January 2023|publisher=[[TÜİK]]|language=tr |format=XLS}}</ref> The mayor is İsmet Sever ([[Nationalist Movement Party|MHP]]), elected in 2019.<ref>[https://www.sogut.bel.tr/icerik/baskanin-ozgecmis Başkanın Özgeçmiş], Söğüt Municipality. Retrieved 21 June 2023.</ref> |
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[[Image:Ertuğrul Gazi Müzesi.JPG|thumb|Museum of [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul Ghazi]] in Söğüt.]] |
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'''Söğüt''' ({{IPA-tr|ˈsœ.yt|}}) (Turkish for "[[willow]]") (Greek: Θηβάσιον or Θηβάσιο) is a town and [[Districts of turkey|district]] in [[Bilecik Province]], [[Turkey]]. It is in the [[Marmara Region, Turkey|Marmara]] region in the north-west of the country, with an area of {{convert|599|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}, bordering [[Bilecik]] to the west, [[Gölpazarı]] to the north, [[İnhisar]] to the north-east, [[Tepebaşı, Eskişehir|Tepebaşı]] (Eskişehir) to the south-east, and [[Bozüyük]] to the south-west. Söğüt district has 5 boroughs and 23 villages, with the population last recorded as 21,012 citizens ([[2000 census (Turkey)|2000]]), but according to a 2010 estimate the population was 19,425. |
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Söğüt is notable as the founding location and first [[Capital city|capital]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] from |
Söğüt is notable as the founding location and first [[Capital city|capital]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] from 1281 to 1335. |
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== Name and etymology == |
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The name of the settlement is first attested under the [[Medieval Greek|Greek]] name ''Thêbásion'' ({{lang-el|Θηβάσιον or Θηβάσιο}}) in 13th century. According to Ottoman [[Cadastre|cadastral]] record books of 1487 in Hüdavendigâr area the town was registered under the [[Ottoman Turkish|Turkish]] name ''Beğsöğüdü'' or ''Bey Söğüdü'', and this name took the form ''Söğüd'' in government records after the first half of the 17th century.{{cn |date=October 2023}} |
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A Greek rendering of the Turkish name, ''Sogoútē'' ({{lang-el|Σογούτη}}), is attested in late Byzantine sources.<!-- TIB, p. 1010 --> [[Laonikos Chalkokondyles]] also wrote that ''Itaias kōmē'' was an older Greek name for Söğüt, but since Greek ''itea'' and Turkish ''söğüt'' both mean "willow", [[Klaus Belke]] considers this "more of a learned translation" than a genuine older name for the town.<!-- TIB, p. 1010 --><ref name="TIB">{{cite book |last=Belke |first=Klaus |title=Tabula Imperii Byzantini Bd. 13. Bythenien und Hellespont |date=2008 |publisher=Johannes Koder |location=Wien |isbn=978-3-7001-8329-7 |url=https://tib.oeaw.ac.at/static/reader/TIB/tib13.html#page/460/mode/2up |access-date=19 June 2024}}</ref>{{rp|1010}} |
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==History== |
==History== |
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{{More citations needed|section|date=October 2016}} |
{{More citations needed|section|date=October 2016}} |
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The town was originally known under the name Thêbásion and lay on a strategically important road between [[Nicaea]] and [[Dorylaion]] that was part of the [[Pilgrim's Road]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lindner |first1=Rudi Paul |title=Explorations in Ottoman Prehistory |date=2007 |publisher=University of Michigan Press |isbn=9780472095070 |page=45 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JMUAfa3GFVQC |access-date=4 July 2023}}</ref> It was conquered by [[Ertuğrul]] for the [[Seljuk Sultanate of Rum|Anatolian Seljuks]] from the [[Nicean Empire]] in 1231.{{sfn|Farrell|Fairey|2018|p=113}} Ertuğrul and his tribe (allegedly part of the [[Kayi]] tribe/branch of the [[Oghuz Turks]] who invaded [[Anatolia]] in the 12th and 13th centuries) migrated and settled there during the [[Mongol invasion]] after the [[Battle of Köse Dağ]]. Ertuğrul ruled from here until his death and also made a mosque for the Muslims living there, including a well which could be used for [[Wudu|Ablution]]. The mosque is still located in there as Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque. As the Rum Seljuk state collapsed, Söğüt became the centre of the Beylik of the Osmanoğulları or Osmanlı Beylik (which later expanded to become the [[Ottoman Empire]]). Söğüt was the birthplace of [[Osman I]] who continued the raids and conquests into Byzantine territory during his reign from 1299 to 1324. When Osman's son, [[Orhan I|Orhan]], came to power after his father's death, he renamed the Kayi tribe [[Osmanli]] in honour of his father. |
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The village of Thebasion until 1231 served during this time as the capital of the Osmanlı Beylik until the capture of the [[Byzantine]] city of Proussa ([[Bursa]]) in 1326 that succeeded it as the administrative centre of the Beylik. Söğüt, as the place became known, had a kaza centre in the Ertuğrul Sanjak of [[Hüdavendigâr Vilayet]], the centre of which was [[Bilecik]]. The kaza centre included present-day districts of [[İnhisar]], [[İnönü, Eskişehir|İnönü]], [[Mihalgazi]], [[Sarıcakaya]] and [[Yenipazar, Bilecik|Yenipazar]], central and eastern parts of [[Bozüyük]] and some villages of [[Nallıhan]] and [[Tepebaşı, Eskişehir|Tepebaşı]] before [[World War I]]. |
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=== Modern era === |
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[[Image:Ertuğrul Gazi Müzesi.JPG|thumb|Museum of [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul Ghazi]] in Söğüt.]]Söğüt was occupied three times by the [[Greek Army]] during the [[Turkish War of Independence]]: 8–11 January 1921, 24 March-21 April 1921 and 12 July 1921 – 6 September 1922. |
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| ⚫ | Today Söğüt is a small town in the humid river valley of [[Bilecik Province]] in [[Turkey]]. [[history of Turkey|Turkish history]] and life-size statues of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[sultan]]s are exhibited in the Söğüt Ethnographical Museum. It is also the 3rd biggest district center in its province after [[Bozüyük]] and [[Bilecik]]. |
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| ⚫ | Today Söğüt is a small town in the humid river valley of [[Bilecik Province]] in [[Turkey]]. [[history of Turkey|Turkish history]] and life-size statues of the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[sultan]]s are exhibited in the [[Söğüt Ethnographical Museum]]. It is also the 3rd biggest district center in its province after [[Bozüyük]] and [[Bilecik]]. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*{{cite book |title=Empire in Asia: A New Global History From Chinggisid to Qing |editor-first1=Brian P. |editor-last1=Farrell |editor-first2=Jack |editor-last2=Fairey |volume=1 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2018 }} |
*{{cite book |title=Empire in Asia: A New Global History From Chinggisid to Qing |editor-first1=Brian P. |editor-last1=Farrell |editor-first2=Jack |editor-last2=Fairey |volume=1 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2018 }} |
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==External links== |
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{{commons category|Söğüt}} |
{{commons category|Söğüt}} |
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{{Districts of Turkey|provname=Bilecik|image=Bilecik|sortkey=Sogut}} |
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{{Kayı tribe}} |
{{Kayı tribe}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:13th century in the Ottoman Empire]] |
[[Category:13th century in the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category:Populated places in Bilecik Province]] |
[[Category:Populated places in Bilecik Province]] |
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[[Category:Söğüt District]] |
[[Category:Söğüt District]] |
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[[Category:District municipalities in Turkey]] |
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[[Category:Capitals of the Ottoman Empire]] |
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Latest revision as of 03:53, 21 August 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2010) |
Söğüt | |
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  Söğüt Location in Turkey  Söğüt Söğüt (Marmara) | |
| Coordinates: 40°1′7″N 30°10′53″E / 40.01861°N 30.18139°E | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Bilecik |
| District | Söğüt |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | İsmet Sever (MHP) |
| Population (2021)[1] | 13,566 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 11600 |
| Area code | 0228 |
| Website | www |
Söğüt (Turkish pronunciation: [ˈsœ.yt], lit. 'willow') is a town in Bilecik Province, Turkey. It is the seat of Söğüt District.[2] Its population is 13,566 (2021).[1] The mayor is İsmet Sever (MHP), elected in 2019.[3]
Söğüt is notable as the founding location and first capital of the Ottoman Empire from 1281 to 1335.
Name and etymology
[edit]The name of the settlement is first attested under the Greek name Thêbásion (Greek: Θηβάσιον or Θηβάσιο) in 13th century. According to Ottoman cadastral record books of 1487 in Hüdavendigâr area the town was registered under the Turkish name Beğsöğüdü or Bey Söğüdü, and this name took the form Söğüd in government records after the first half of the 17th century.[citation needed]
A Greek rendering of the Turkish name, Sogoútē (Greek: Σογούτη), is attested in late Byzantine sources. Laonikos Chalkokondyles also wrote that Itaias kōmē was an older Greek name for Söğüt, but since Greek itea and Turkish söğüt both mean "willow", Klaus Belke considers this "more of a learned translation" than a genuine older name for the town.[4]: 1010
History
[edit] | This section needs additional citations for verification. (October 2016) |
The town was originally known under the name Thêbásion and lay on a strategically important road between Nicaea and Dorylaion that was part of the Pilgrim's Road.[5] It was conquered by Ertuğrul for the Anatolian Seljuks from the Nicean Empire in 1231.[6] Ertuğrul and his tribe (allegedly part of the Kayi tribe/branch of the Oghuz Turks who invaded Anatolia in the 12th and 13th centuries) migrated and settled there during the Mongol invasion after the Battle of Köse Dağ. Ertuğrul ruled from here until his death and also made a mosque for the Muslims living there, including a well which could be used for Ablution. The mosque is still located in there as Ertuğrul Gazi Mosque. As the Rum Seljuk state collapsed, Söğüt became the centre of the Beylik of the Osmanoğulları or Osmanlı Beylik (which later expanded to become the Ottoman Empire). Söğüt was the birthplace of Osman I who continued the raids and conquests into Byzantine territory during his reign from 1299 to 1324. When Osman's son, Orhan, came to power after his father's death, he renamed the Kayi tribe Osmanli in honour of his father.
The village of Thebasion until 1231 served during this time as the capital of the Osmanlı Beylik until the capture of the Byzantine city of Proussa (Bursa) in 1326 that succeeded it as the administrative centre of the Beylik. Söğüt, as the place became known, had a kaza centre in the Ertuğrul Sanjak of Hüdavendigâr Vilayet, the centre of which was Bilecik. The kaza centre included present-day districts of İnhisar, İnönü, Mihalgazi, Sarıcakaya and Yenipazar, central and eastern parts of Bozüyük and some villages of Nallıhan and Tepebaşı before World War I.
Modern era
[edit]
Söğüt was occupied three times by the Greek Army during the Turkish War of Independence: 8–11 January 1921, 24 March-21 April 1921 and 12 July 1921 – 6 September 1922.
Today Söğüt is a small town in the humid river valley of Bilecik Province in Turkey. Turkish history and life-size statues of the Ottoman sultans are exhibited in the Söğüt Ethnographical Museum. It is also the 3rd biggest district center in its province after Bozüyük and Bilecik.
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2021" (XLS) (in Turkish). TÜİK. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
- ^ İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 30 January 2023.
- ^ Başkanın Özgeçmiş, Söğüt Municipality. Retrieved 21 June 2023.
- ^ Belke, Klaus (2008). Tabula Imperii Byzantini Bd. 13. Bythenien und Hellespont. Wien: Johannes Koder. ISBN 978-3-7001-8329-7. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ Lindner, Rudi Paul (2007). Explorations in Ottoman Prehistory. University of Michigan Press. p. 45. ISBN 9780472095070. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
- ^ Farrell & Fairey 2018, p. 113.
Sources
[edit]- Farrell, Brian P.; Fairey, Jack, eds. (2018). Empire in Asia: A New Global History From Chinggisid to Qing. Vol. 1. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Söğüt.
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