Afterfeast: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Period of celebration}} |
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An '''Afterfeast''' is a period of celebration attached to one of the [[Great Feasts]] celebrated by the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christian]] and [[Eastern Catholic Churches]] (somewhat analogous to what in |
An '''Afterfeast,''' or Postfeast, is a period of celebration attached to one of the [[Great Feasts]] celebrated by the [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox Christian]] and [[Eastern Catholic Churches]] (somewhat analogous to what in Western Christianity would be called an [[Octave (liturgical)|Octave]]). |
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The celebration of the [[Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church|Great Feasts]] of the [[Church year#Eastern Orthodox Church|church year]] |
The celebration of the [[Great Feasts of the Orthodox Church|Great Feasts]] of the [[Church year#Eastern Orthodox Church|church year]] is extended for a number of days, depending upon the particular Feast. Each day of an Afterfeast will have particular hymns assigned to it, continuing the theme of the Feast being celebrated. At each of the [[divine services]] during an Afterfeast, the [[troparion]] and [[kontakion]] of the feast are read or chanted. The [[Canon (hymnography)|canon]] of the feast will usually be chanted on every day of the Afterfeast (if two canons were chanted on the day of the feast, they will be alternated on the days of the afterfeast). |
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Most of these Great Feasts also have a day or more of preparation called a '''Forefeast'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> (most Feasts that are on the moveable [[Paschal Cycle]] do not have Forefeasts). Forefeasts and Afterfeasts will affect the structure of the services during the [[Canonical hours#Eastern Orthodox usage|Canonical Hours]]. Some of the Great Feasts of the Lord have a special canon composed of only three odes, called a ''[[Triodion]]'', which is usually chanted at [[Compline]] on each day of the Forefeast. (However, the Triodion of the Forefeast of the Transfiguration is said at [[Orthros| |
Most of these Great Feasts also have a day or more of preparation called a '''Forefeast'''<!--boldface per WP:R#PLA--> (most Feasts that are on the moveable [[Paschal Cycle]] do not have Forefeasts). Forefeasts and Afterfeasts will affect the structure of the services during the [[Canonical hours#Eastern Orthodox usage|Canonical Hours]]. Some of the Great Feasts of the Lord have a special canon composed of only three odes, called a ''[[Triodion]]'', which is usually chanted at [[Compline]] on each day of the Forefeast. (However, the Triodion of the Forefeast of the Transfiguration is said at [[Orthros|Matins]].) |
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The last day of an Afterfeast is called the ''Apodosis'' ([[Ancient Greek]] for "leave-taking", lit. "giving-back") of the Feast. On the Apodosis, most of the hymns that were chanted on the first day of the Feast are repeated. On the Apodosis of Feasts of the [[Theotokos]], the Epistle and Gospel from the day of the Feast are repeated again at the [[Divine Liturgy]]. For the Annunciation, the Meeting, and Palm Sunday, the Apodosis may be celebrated for part of a day, at [[Vespers]], the remaining services of the day in question falling outside the festal period. This is indicated in the table below as {{fraction|1|2}} a day. |
The last day of an Afterfeast is called the ''Apodosis'' ([[Ancient Greek]] for "leave-taking", lit. "giving-back") of the Feast. On the Apodosis, most of the hymns that were chanted on the first day of the Feast are repeated. On the Apodosis of Feasts of the [[Theotokos]], the Epistle and Gospel from the day of the Feast are repeated again at the [[Divine Liturgy]]. For the Annunciation, the Meeting, and Palm Sunday, the Apodosis may be celebrated for part of a day, at [[Vespers]], the remaining services of the day in question falling outside the festal period. This is indicated in the table below as {{fraction|1|2}} a day. |
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| 0 <ref>The day before Palm Sunday, [[Lazarus Saturday]] could be considered a type of Forefeast for Palm Sunday.</ref>|| [[Palm Sunday]] || Sunday before Pascha || {{fraction|1|2}} |
| 0 <ref>The day before Palm Sunday, [[Lazarus Saturday]] could be considered a type of Forefeast for Palm Sunday.</ref>|| [[Palm Sunday]] || Sunday before Pascha || {{fraction|1|2}} |
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| 1 <ref name=annunciation>The Forefeast is omitted if it would fall on the third Sunday of [[Great Lent|Lent]] or on any day later than [[Lazarus Saturday|St. Lazarus Saturday]]. ( |
| 1 <ref name="annunciation">The Forefeast is omitted if it would fall on the third Sunday of [[Great Lent|Lent]] (the Veneration of the Cross) or on any day later than [[Lazarus Saturday|St. Lazarus Saturday]]. (For the Orthodox, the latter timing is only possible for Orthodox churches who continue to follow the [[Julian calendar]], since March 25 in the [[Revised Julian]] calendar falls too early to be that close to even the earliest date of [[Resurrection of Jesus|Pascha]]. For [[Eastern Catholic Churches|Eastern Catholics]] of the [[Byzantine Rite]], these same rules as the non-Revised Julian calendar Orthodox apply, as on the [[Gregorian calendar|Gregorian Calendar]], Pascha can occur as early as March 22.) The Apodosis is celebrated at Vespers on the evening of the Feast if the following day is a Lenten weekday or St. Lazarus Saturday. If the following day is a Saturday or Sunday, the Feast is celebrated for two days.</ref>|| [[Annunciation|Annunciation of the Theotokos]] || 25 March || 1{{fraction|1|2}}–2 |
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| 0 <ref>Holy Saturday could be thought of as a Forefeast of Pascha, but the Bright Resurrection of Christ is so far above and beyond the normal level of Great Feasts that it falls into a category all by itself. It does, however have an Afterfeast, and that is why it is treated in this table.</ref> || [[Easter|Pascha]] || Sunday of the Resurrection || 39 |
| 0 <ref>Holy Saturday could be thought of as a Forefeast of Pascha, but the Bright Resurrection of Christ is so far above and beyond the normal level of Great Feasts that it falls into a category all by itself. It does, however have an Afterfeast, and that is why it is treated in this table.</ref> || [[Easter|Pascha]] || Sunday of the Resurrection || 39 |
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Revision as of 19:25, 19 August 2024
An Afterfeast, or Postfeast, is a period of celebration attached to one of the Great Feasts celebrated by the Orthodox Christian and Eastern Catholic Churches (somewhat analogous to what in Western Christianity would be called an Octave).
The celebration of the Great Feasts of the church year is extended for a number of days, depending upon the particular Feast. Each day of an Afterfeast will have particular hymns assigned to it, continuing the theme of the Feast being celebrated. At each of the divine services during an Afterfeast, the troparion and kontakion of the feast are read or chanted. The canon of the feast will usually be chanted on every day of the Afterfeast (if two canons were chanted on the day of the feast, they will be alternated on the days of the afterfeast).
Most of these Great Feasts also have a day or more of preparation called a Forefeast (most Feasts that are on the moveable Paschal Cycle do not have Forefeasts). Forefeasts and Afterfeasts will affect the structure of the services during the Canonical Hours. Some of the Great Feasts of the Lord have a special canon composed of only three odes, called a Triodion, which is usually chanted at Compline on each day of the Forefeast. (However, the Triodion of the Forefeast of the Transfiguration is said at Matins.)
The last day of an Afterfeast is called the Apodosis (Ancient Greek for "leave-taking", lit. "giving-back") of the Feast. On the Apodosis, most of the hymns that were chanted on the first day of the Feast are repeated. On the Apodosis of Feasts of the Theotokos, the Epistle and Gospel from the day of the Feast are repeated again at the Divine Liturgy. For the Annunciation, the Meeting, and Palm Sunday, the Apodosis may be celebrated for part of a day, at Vespers, the remaining services of the day in question falling outside the festal period. This is indicated in the table below as 1⁄2 a day.
The Forefeasts and Afterfeasts break down as follows:
| Days of
Forefeast |
Name of
Feast |
Date | Days of
the festal period |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nativity of the Theotokos | 8 September | 5 |
| 1 | Exaltation of the Cross | 14 September | 8 |
| 1 | Entry of the Theotokos | 21 November | 5 |
| 5 [1] | Nativity of our Lord | 25 December | 7 |
| 4 [2] | Theophany of our Lord | 6 January | 9 |
| 1 [3] | Meeting of our Lord | 2 February | 11⁄2–8 |
| 0 [4] | Palm Sunday | Sunday before Pascha | 1⁄2 |
| 1 [5] | Annunciation of the Theotokos | 25 March | 11⁄2–2 |
| 0 [6] | Pascha | Sunday of the Resurrection | 39 |
| 0 | Mid-Pentecost[7] | Twenty-fifth day of Pascha | 8 |
| 1 [8] | Ascension of our Lord | Fortieth day of Pascha | 9 |
| 0 | Pentecost (Trinity Sunday) | Fiftieth day of Pascha | 7 |
| 1 | Transfiguration of our Lord | 6 August | 8 |
| 1 | Dormition of the Theotokos | 15 August | 9 |
Five of these Afterfeasts have a special commemoration on the day following the Feast, called a Synaxis. In this context, a Synaxis commemorates a saint who is intimately bound up with the Feast being celebrated. The four Synaxes are:
- Synaxis of Ss. Joachim and Anna (9 September—the day after the Nativity of the Theotokos)
- Synaxis of the Theotokos (26 December—the day after the Nativity of our Lord)
- Synaxis of the Forerunner (7 January—the day after the Theophany of our Lord)
- Synaxis of Ss. Symeon the God-Receiver and Anna the Prophetesse (3 February—the day after the Meeting of the Lord)
- Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel (26 March—the day after the Annunciation) If the Annunciation falls during Holy Week the Synaxis is omitted.
Other Great Feasts that have Afterfeasts (although no Forefeasts) are:
- The Nativity of the Forerunner (June 24)
- The Beheading of the Forerunner (August 29)
- The Feast of the Holy Apostles, Peter and Paul (June 29).
Each of these three has only 1 day of Afterfeast, and no Apodosis. These are not counted among the Twelve Great Feasts (i.e., Great Feasts of the Lord or Theotokos).
The Feast of the Procession of the Cross (August 1), though it is not counted as a Great Feast, has one day of Forefeast, and no Afterfeast.
Notes
- ^ The Eve of the Nativity is a special day of strict fasting and preparation in anticipation of the Feast, called a Paramony.
- ^ The Eve of the Theophany is also a Paramony.
- ^ The Afterfeast of the Meeting of the Lord is of variable length, depending on the date of Pascha: the Afterfeast must generally end before the beginning of Great Lent. However, it is never omitted entirely, but may be shortened to part of a Lenten day.
- ^ The day before Palm Sunday, Lazarus Saturday could be considered a type of Forefeast for Palm Sunday.
- ^ The Forefeast is omitted if it would fall on the third Sunday of Lent (the Veneration of the Cross) or on any day later than St. Lazarus Saturday. (For the Orthodox, the latter timing is only possible for Orthodox churches who continue to follow the Julian calendar, since March 25 in the Revised Julian calendar falls too early to be that close to even the earliest date of Pascha. For Eastern Catholics of the Byzantine Rite, these same rules as the non-Revised Julian calendar Orthodox apply, as on the Gregorian Calendar, Pascha can occur as early as March 22.) The Apodosis is celebrated at Vespers on the evening of the Feast if the following day is a Lenten weekday or St. Lazarus Saturday. If the following day is a Saturday or Sunday, the Feast is celebrated for two days.
- ^ Holy Saturday could be thought of as a Forefeast of Pascha, but the Bright Resurrection of Christ is so far above and beyond the normal level of Great Feasts that it falls into a category all by itself. It does, however have an Afterfeast, and that is why it is treated in this table.
- ^ Mid-Pentecost is unique in that it is a Feast that falls within a Feast (falling as it does within the Afterfeast of Pascha).
- ^ The Forefeast of the Ascension is the same day as the Apodosis of Pascha. In contemporary practice, the Forefeast is often omitted or celebrated at Compline.