Programme One: Difference between revisions

First Programme
Country	Soviet Union
Broadcast area	National
Network	Soviet Central Television
Headquarters	Moscow
Programming
Picture format	SECAM (576i 4:3 SDTV)
Ownership
Owner	State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting
Sister channels	Programme Two
History
Founded	22 March 1951
Launched	22 March 1955
Replaced	Gorky Television
Closed	27 December 1991
Replaced by	Channel One Russia (in Russia)

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Revision as of 06:43, 19 August 2024

Programme One (Russian: 1-я программа Центрального телевидения) known also as TS.T-1 (Russian: ЦТ-1) was a television channel produced and transmitted by Soviet Central Television, the television broadcasting organization of the USSR. It had a mixed schedule of news and entertainment, with the emphasis on events in the USSR, and also included regional programming.

History

Programme One was established on 22 March 1951 when, as part of a reorganization of the television system, the Moscow Television Station changed its name to reflect its planned expansion. It was known officially as the CT USSR Programme One (Russian: Первая программа ЦТ СССР).

Since 1931^[1] the Moscow Department of Television of the State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union broadcast on medium waves, which was stopped in 1941. Since 1939 the Moscow Television Center (MTC) began broadcasting on ultra-short waves.

1951-1967

On March 22, 1951, the Central Television Studio (CST) was created to prepare and produce its own programs, as well as to order the production of television films and television plays (previously only newsreels, feature films and documentaries were broadcast).^[2] MTC was left only with the technical part of preparing programs and distributing programs via radio waves in Moscow and the Moscow region, and it itself was transferred to the USSR Ministry of Communications, but in 1960 it was returned to the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company. Since January 1, 1955, CST has been broadcasting daily in the evenings.^[3] On February 14, 1956, after the start of the two-program television broadcasting, the Central Television Studio began to be considered its First Program.

In 1956, the program "Latest News" began to be broadcast, from July 1956 - twice a day, in 1960 it became known as "News". Since 1956, the studio began to broadcast live various events (the first such broadcast was the parade and festive demonstration on Red Square in Moscow on May 1, 1956). In 1962, a report was transmitted from the spacecraft Vostok-3 and Vostok-4, which marked the beginning of space television.^[2]

During this period, a number of programs appeared that became the flagships of Russian television for many years: "Health" (since 1960), "Travelers' Club" (since 1960), "KVN" (since 1961), "Blue Light" (since 1962), "Kinopanorama" (since 1962), "Music Kiosk" (since 1962), "Rural Hour" (since 1963), "Alarm Clock" (since 1965), "13 Chairs Tavern" (since 1966), and others. In the 1960s, television feature films began to be released (before this, only films that were originally shown in cinemas were shown on TV). At first, television films were single-part, but then multi-part ones appeared. The first multi-part television film was the 4-part “We Call Fire on Ourselves” (1965).^[4]^[5]

1967-1985

Since November 2, 1967, the program's broadcasting covered the entire territory of the country via the Orbita television satellite network; at the same time, an independent Orbita program began broadcasting in Siberia, the Russian Far East, and in a number of regions of Kazakhstan and Central Asia, formed from the broadcasts of the First Program of Central Television.^[2]^[5]

In the same 1967, Central Television was given a new studio and broadcasting complex in the Ostankino Technical Center,^[6] which had 10 studio and broadcasting units, 4 telecinema studio and broadcasting units, and several video recording units. The appearance of a large number of ASCs led to the emergence of many new thematic programs - "I Serve the Soviet Union!" (since 1967), "In the Animal World" (since 1968), "International Panorama" (since 1969), "Man and the Law" (since 1970), "From the Bottom of the Heart" (since 1971), "Song of the Year" (since 1971), "The Obvious - the Incredible" (since 1973), "Studio 9" (since 1974), "Morning Mail" (since 1974), "ABVGDeyka" (since 1975), "What? Where? When?" (since 1975), "Visiting a Fairy Tale" (since 1976), "Around Laughter" (since 1978), "Until 16 and Over..." (since 1983).

In 1968, instead of the Film Production Department at the Central Television,^[7] a self-supporting^[8] state institution, the Creative Association Ekran, was established, which produced and ordered the production of television films from other film and television studios. The emergence of 4 ASC telekino led to an increase in the number of its own television films produced by TO Ekran (Shadows Disappear at Noon, Seventeen Moments of Spring, Eternal Call, Investigation Led by ZnaToKi, Born of the Revolution, TASS is Authorized to Declare, and others), as well as to the beginning of the release of children's and animated television films. The spread of reportage installations led to the appearance in 1968 of a large information program called Vremya,^[4] as well as new thematic programs and an increase in the release of television films. The appearance of several video recording machines led to a significant reduction in live broadcasts, which were limited to broadcasts of the announcer's text,^[9] as well as broadcasts of individual events and sports competitions. The Moscow Television Center (MTC) itself became the All-Union Television Center (OTC) (later it was called the "Television Technical Center named after the 50th Anniversary of October"), its transmitting part was subordinated to the Ministry of Communications and became the All-Union Radio and Television Transmitting Station.

On January 25, 1971, the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company launched a duplicate of the "First Program of Central Television" via the "Orbita" system - the "East" program: it was intended for the Urals, Central Asia and part of Kazakhstan and took into account the difference in time zones (+2 hours from Moscow time). Since January 1, 1976, Central Television launched three more duplicates of the "First Program of Central Television" (the "Orbita-1, -2, -3" programs) specifically for the eastern territories of the USSR with a time shift of +8, +6 and +4 hours.^[10]^[11] In 1984, the broadcast coverage of the "First Program of Central Television" reached 92% of the population of the USSR.^[12] The channel, which was transmitted on the SECAM D/K standard, carried advertising for the first time in the 1980s.

1985-1991

In the second half of the 1980s, live television programs began to appear again - "12th Floor" (in 1985-1987). In the same year, "Vzglyad" (1987-1991), "Press Club", etc.). At the same time, the information service began to change - in 1986, the morning information program "60 Minutes" appeared, in 1987 it was renamed "90 Minutes", and later "120 Minutes", and later "Morning", in 1989, the information program "Television News Service" was created, which was broadcast daily late in the evening, the hosts of which were the hosts of the program "120 Minutes", the information and analytical program "7 Days" (the following year its broadcast was stopped), the hosts of which were Eduard Sagalaev and Alexander Tikhomirov. In 1988, the Foreign Trade Association "Sovteleexport" was created to sell programs to other television organizations and purchase TV programs from them, and the firm "Sovtelevideo" was created to exchange programs with them.^[13] The Italian advertising agency Pubitalia-80 received the right to place the advertisement “Progress, information, advertising”,^[14] produced by the Main Editorial Board of Popular Science and Educational Programs of the Soviet Central Television,^[15] and with its support the TV quiz show “Schastlivy Sluch”^[16] appeared on the Central Television. Also, the Main Directorate of Programs of the Central Television was reorganized into the General Directorate of Programs of the Central Television, and the “Ekran” TO into the TPO “Soyuztelefilm”.^[17]

Some of the employees of the Main Editorial Board of Programs for Youth of the Central Television established the television company VID and Author's Television (ATV), for the purchase of programs from which, instead of the editorial board itself, the studio "Experiment" and "New Studio" were created, respectively, which received the status of a legal entity^[18] and the right to place advertising within the programs, which was transferred to the television company VID and ATV in exchange for the prepared programs,^[19]^[20] somewhat later the status of legal entities was received by the Main Editorial Board of Information of the Central Television and the Main Editorial Board of Television Programs for Moscow and the Moscow Region, reorganized respectively into the Studio of Information Programs (on November 1 of the same year it was liquidated and in its place the Information Television Agency was created^[21]^[22]^[23]) and the Studio of Moscow Programs. Among other things, the VID television company began to prepare the quiz show “Field of Miracles” (an unlicensed analogue of the American game show “Wheel of Fortune”), which soon became one of the most popular programs.

On February 8, 1991, the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (Vseyuznaya GTRK) was created instead of the State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union. It combined the rights of a state body^[24]^[25] and a state enterprise,^[26] the chairman of which was to be appointed by the President of the USSR (Leonid Kravchenko became this^[27] position), the programs “TSN”, “Vzglyad”, “Press Club”, “Do i posle Polunochi” were closed, but on August 27 he was relieved of his post, Yegor Yakovlev was appointed the new chairman of the All-Union GTRK, and Eduard Sagalayev was appointed first deputy chairman and general director,^[28] after which the staff of the “Television News Service” program returned to the All-Union GTRK, and the broadcast of the programs “Vzglyad”, “Press Club”, “Do i posle Polunochi” was resumed.

During the attempt at state coup by order of the self-proclaimed State Emergency Committee, all TV channels of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company refused their usual broadcast schedule, replacing all programs (except for news) with a showing of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake.

On August 27, 1991, Yegor Yakovlev was appointed the new chairman of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company, and Eduard Sagalaev was appointed first deputy chairman and general director.^[28] The staff of the "Television News Service" program returned to the Central Television Channel One (Russian: Первый канал ЦТ)., on its basis a new information service of the channel was created (it was named the Information Television Agency, Boris Nepomnyashchy, previously senior editor of the "Vremya" program, was appointed director, Oleg Dobrodeev was appointed editor-in-chief), which included part of the news staff of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company.

Termination of broadcasting

The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 27 ordered the liquidation of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company and the creation on its basis of the Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company Ostankino,^[29] the chairman of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company E. V. Yakovlev was appointed its chairman. In January-March 1992, instead of the General Directorate of Programs of the Central Television, thematic studios, creative associations and main editorial offices of the Central Television, the Directorate of Programs of the Ostankino Television Company, thematic studios and creative associations of the RGTRK Ostankino were created.^[30]^[31]^[32] Ostankino Television Channel One was created. However, in the printed summary of the program schedules up until February, the name of the television channel used from May 16, 1957 to September 15, 1991 was indicated.

Following the dissolution of the USSR, Programme One's frequencies were transferred to the new state broadcasting organizations in the former Soviet republics, while in the Russian republic the main Ostankino Television channel took over its signal and transmitters.

Programming

The periodic Little Blue Light became a staple of Soviet Union celebrations during New Year's Eve, International Women's Day, and International Workers' Day. The programme continues to run today on Russia 1.

The news department did not employ news journalists until 1989, when they began to front the shorter bulletins (the main 18:30 and 21:00 news programmes was fronted only by senior journalists until after the failed coup d'etat).

References

^ "РОЖДЕНИЕ ТЕЛЕВИДЕНИЯ В СТРАНЕ СОВЕТОВ". Archived from the original on 2020-02-25. Retrieved 2020-07-22.
^ ^a ^b ^c "БСЭ, ст. «Телевидение»". Archived from the original on 2021-05-02. Retrieved 2020-02-21.
^ История советского телевидения: от первых опытов до «Останкино» Archived 2022-01-21 at the Wayback Machine // Ferra.ru, 29 сентября 2014
^ ^a ^b Фёдор Раззаков (2009). Гибель советского ТВ. Книга 1. Тайны телевидения. От Сталина до Горбачёва, 1930—1991. Moscow: Эксмо. ISBN 978-5-699-33296-0.
^ ^a ^b Советское ТВ: заметки из будущего. 60-е: время надежд и ожиданий Archived 2022-01-21 at the Wayback Machine // Mediasat, 12 марта 2015
^ "История телецентра". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Поздразделение"Останкино"готов-ся акционированию". Коммерсантъ. 1994-03-26. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Козловский В. Н. Телевидение. Взгляд изнутри". Archived from the original on 2019-07-21. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Телевидение в лицах-2 - 70-е годы". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-07-22.
^ Центральное телевидение: Краткая характеристика программ Archived 2021-12-01 at the Wayback Machine // Телевидение и радиовещание СССР. — М.: Искусство, 1979.
^ Советское ТВ: заметки из будущего. 70-е: советское телевидение эпохи застоя Archived 2021-11-01 at the Wayback Machine // Mediasat, 16 марта 2015
^ Юшкявичюс Г. (1985). "Телевидение и радиовещание в новых условиях". Радио (in Russian) (10). Archived from the original on 2020-09-25.
^ "Гл. Восток-Запад. Этапы телеобмена". Archived from the original on 2016-04-16. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Слоган для защиты". 16 April 2007. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Прогресс, информация, реклама,1988 г.,ЦТ СССР". YouTube. 3 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Счастливый случай ЦТ, 1991 г Игра 2". YouTube. 22 August 2012. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Постановление Совмина СССР от 15.10.1988 N 1207 «О генеральной схеме управления телевидением и радиовещанием»". Archived from the original on 2022-01-21. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Дело АО ОРТ". Коммерсантъ. 1995-04-29. Archived from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Вот компания какая". Коммерсантъ. 1997-02-18. Archived from the original on 2020-06-19. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
^ "Рекламный блок + анонс фильма (ЦТ, 25.10.1991)". YouTube. 12 March 2016. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ Сергей Самошин (1991-09-09). "Новое "Время": музыка ТСН, сценарий Яковлева". Коммерсантъ. Archived from the original on 2019-12-12. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ ""Zapf Dingbats" Телевидение". Коммерсантъ. 1991-10-14. Archived from the original on 2021-04-23. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ Сергей Самошин (1991-11-04). "На ЦТ изменяются все программы новостей". Коммерсантъ. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ «Об утверждении Положения о Всесоюзной государственной телерадиовещательной компании»
^ "Создание Всесоюзной ГТРК". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Всесоюзная vs. Всероссийская". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Указ Президента Союза Советских Социалистических Республик от 8 февраля 1991 г. № УП-1441 «О создании Всесоюзной государственной телерадиовещательной компании»". Портал LawRussia.ru. 2007-11-01. Archived from the original on 2016-10-29. Retrieved 2016-10-28.
^ ^a ^b Масленцин, Кирилл (1991-09-02). "Егор Яковлев: смотрите, я ЦТирую". Коммерсантъ-Власть, № 35. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2014-12-27.
^ "О телерадиокомпании «Останкино»". Archived from the original on 2022-02-07. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Основания возникновения и перехода прав на телефильмы". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Иск к телерадиокомпании «Останкино»". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.
^ "Арбитражные суды". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

This Soviet Union–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This article about a European television station is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] "РОЖДЕНИЕ ТЕЛЕВИДЕНИЯ В СТРАНЕ СОВЕТОВ". Archived from the original on 2020-02-25. Retrieved 2020-07-22.

[БСЭ-2] "БСЭ, ст. «Телевидение»". Archived from the original on 2021-05-02. Retrieved 2020-02-21.

[3] История советского телевидения: от первых опытов до «Останкино» Archived 2022-01-21 at the Wayback Machine // Ferra.ru, 29 сентября 2014

[Раззаков-4] Фёдор Раззаков (2009). Гибель советского ТВ. Книга 1. Тайны телевидения. От Сталина до Горбачёва, 1930—1991. Moscow: Эксмо. ISBN 978-5-699-33296-0.

[mediasat-5] Советское ТВ: заметки из будущего. 60-е: время надежд и ожиданий Archived 2022-01-21 at the Wayback Machine // Mediasat, 12 марта 2015

[6] "История телецентра". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[7] "Поздразделение"Останкино"готов-ся акционированию". Коммерсантъ. 1994-03-26. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[8] "Козловский В. Н. Телевидение. Взгляд изнутри". Archived from the original on 2019-07-21. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[9] "Телевидение в лицах-2 - 70-е годы". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-07-22.

[характеристика_программ-10] Центральное телевидение: Краткая характеристика программ Archived 2021-12-01 at the Wayback Machine // Телевидение и радиовещание СССР. — М.: Искусство, 1979.

[11] Советское ТВ: заметки из будущего. 70-е: советское телевидение эпохи застоя Archived 2021-11-01 at the Wayback Machine // Mediasat, 16 марта 2015

[12] Юшкявичюс Г. (1985). "Телевидение и радиовещание в новых условиях". Радио (in Russian) (10). Archived from the original on 2020-09-25.

[13] "Гл. Восток-Запад. Этапы телеобмена". Archived from the original on 2016-04-16. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[14] "Слоган для защиты". 16 April 2007. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[15] "Прогресс, информация, реклама,1988 г.,ЦТ СССР". YouTube. 3 February 2015. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[16] "Счастливый случай ЦТ, 1991 г Игра 2". YouTube. 22 August 2012. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[17] "Постановление Совмина СССР от 15.10.1988 N 1207 «О генеральной схеме управления телевидением и радиовещанием»". Archived from the original on 2022-01-21. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[18] "Дело АО ОРТ". Коммерсантъ. 1995-04-29. Archived from the original on 2021-02-15. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[19] "Вот компания какая". Коммерсантъ. 1997-02-18. Archived from the original on 2020-06-19. Retrieved 2020-04-30.

[20] "Рекламный блок + анонс фильма (ЦТ, 25.10.1991)". YouTube. 12 March 2016. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[21] Сергей Самошин (1991-09-09). "Новое "Время": музыка ТСН, сценарий Яковлева". Коммерсантъ. Archived from the original on 2019-12-12. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[22] ""Zapf Dingbats" Телевидение". Коммерсантъ. 1991-10-14. Archived from the original on 2021-04-23. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[23] Сергей Самошин (1991-11-04). "На ЦТ изменяются все программы новостей". Коммерсантъ. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[24] «Об утверждении Положения о Всесоюзной государственной телерадиовещательной компании»

[25] "Создание Всесоюзной ГТРК". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[26] "Всесоюзная vs. Всероссийская". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[27] "Указ Президента Союза Советских Социалистических Республик от 8 февраля 1991 г. № УП-1441 «О создании Всесоюзной государственной телерадиовещательной компании»". Портал LawRussia.ru. 2007-11-01. Archived from the original on 2016-10-29. Retrieved 2016-10-28.

[автоссылка2-28] Масленцин, Кирилл (1991-09-02). "Егор Яковлев: смотрите, я ЦТирую". Коммерсантъ-Власть, № 35. Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2014-12-27.

[указ_27.12.1991-29] "О телерадиокомпании «Останкино»". Archived from the original on 2022-02-07. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[30] "Основания возникновения и перехода прав на телефильмы". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[31] "Иск к телерадиокомпании «Останкино»". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

[32] "Арбитражные суды". Archived from the original on 2021-12-31. Retrieved 2020-06-21.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Infobox television channel
-{{Unreferenced|date=April 2019}}
+| logo =
+| logo_size = 250px
-'''Programme One''' was a [[television]] channel produced and transmitted by [[Soviet Central Television]], the television broadcasting organization of the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]. It had a mixed schedule of news and entertainment, with the emphasis on events in the USSR, and also included regional programming.
+| name = First Programme
+| founded = 22 March 1951
+| launch_date = {{start date|1955|03|22|df=yes}}
+| replaced = [[Gorky Television]]
+| closed_date = {{end date|1991|12|27|df=yes}}
+| replaced_by = [[Channel One Russia]] (in Russia)
+| picture_format = [[SECAM]] ([[576i]] [[4:3]] [[SDTV]])
+| owner = [[State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union| State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting]]
+| country = [[Soviet Union]]
+| area = National
+| headquarters = [[Moscow]]
+| website =
+| network = [[Soviet Central Television]]
+| sister_channels = [[Programme Two]]
+| terr_serv_1 = [[Analog signal|Analogue]] [[terrestrial television]]
+| terr_chan_1 =
+| online_serv_1 =
+| online_chan_1 =
+}}
+'''Programme One''' ({{lang-ru|1-я программа Центрального телевидения}}) known also as TS.T-1 ({{lang-ru|ЦТ-1}}) was a [[television]] channel produced and transmitted by [[Soviet Central Television]], the television [[Broadcasting in the Soviet Union|broadcasting organization]] of the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]. It had a mixed schedule of news and entertainment, with the emphasis on events in the USSR, and also included regional programming.
 ==History==
 '''Programme One''' was established on 22 March 1951 when, as part of a reorganization of the television system, the '''Moscow Television Station''' changed its name to reflect its planned expansion. It was known officially as the ''' CT USSR Programme One''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: '''Первая программа ЦТ СССР''').
+Since 1931<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://vivovoco.astronet.ru/VV/JOURNAL/VIET/TV/TV.HTM |title=РОЖДЕНИЕ ТЕЛЕВИДЕНИЯ В СТРАНЕ СОВЕТОВ |access-date=2020-07-22 |archive-date=2020-02-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225014843/http://vivovoco.astronet.ru/VV/JOURNAL/VIET/TV/TV.HTM }}</ref> the Moscow Department of Television of the [[State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union]] broadcast on medium waves, which was stopped in 1941. Since 1939 the Moscow Television Center (MTC) began [[Broadcasting in the Soviet Union|broadcasting]] on [[ultra-short wave]]s.
-The channel, which was transmitted on the [[SECAM]] D/K standard, carried advertising for the first time in the 1980s.  The channel was broadcast until 1991. In September of that year, it was renamed as '''Central Television Channel One''' (Russian: '''Первый канал ЦТ'''), and then in December, following the dissolution of the USSR, became '''Ostankino Television Channel One'''.
+===1951-1967===
+On March 22, 1951, the Central Television Studio (CST) was created to prepare and produce its own programs, as well as to order the production of television films and television plays (previously only newsreels, feature films and documentaries were broadcast).<ref name="БСЭ">{{Cite web |url=http://gatchina3000.ru/great-soviet-encyclopedia/bse/109/530.htm |title=БСЭ, ст. «Телевидение» |access-date=2020-02-21 |archive-date=2021-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502134519/http://gatchina3000.ru/great-soviet-encyclopedia/bse/109/530.htm}}</ref> MTC was left only with the technical part of preparing programs and distributing programs via radio waves in Moscow and the Moscow region, and it itself was transferred to the USSR Ministry of Communications, but in 1960 it was returned to the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company. Since January 1, 1955, CST has been broadcasting daily in the evenings.<ref>[https://www.ferra.ru/review/tv/ussr-tv-history.htm История советского телевидения: от первых опытов до «Останкино»] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/20220121085950/https://www.ferra.ru/review/tv/ussr-tv-history.htm }} // Ferra.ru, 29 сентября 2014</ref> On February 14, 1956, after the start of the two-program television broadcasting, the Central Television Studio began to be considered its First Program.
+In 1956, the program "Latest News" began to be [[Broadcasting in the Soviet Union|broadcast]], from July 1956 - twice a day, in 1960 it became known as "News". Since 1956, the studio began to broadcast live various events (the first such broadcast was the parade and festive demonstration on Red Square in Moscow on May 1, 1956). In 1962, a report was transmitted from the spacecraft [[Vostok-3]] and [[Vostok-4]], which marked the beginning of space television.<ref name="БСЭ" />
+During this period, a number of programs appeared that became the flagships of Russian television for many years: "Health" (since 1960), "Travelers' Club" (since 1960), "KVN" (since 1961), "Blue Light" (since 1962), "Kinopanorama" (since 1962), "Music Kiosk" (since 1962), "Rural Hour" (since 1963), "Alarm Clock" (since 1965), "13 Chairs Tavern" (since 1966), and others. In the 1960s, television feature films began to be released (before this, only films that were originally shown in cinemas were shown on TV). At first, television films were single-part, but then multi-part ones appeared. The first multi-part television film was the 4-part “We Call Fire on Ourselves” (1965).<ref name="Раззаков">{{cite book|author=Фёдор Раззаков|title=Гибель советского ТВ. Книга 1. Тайны телевидения. От Сталина до Горбачёва, 1930—1991|place=Moscow|publisher=Эксмо|year=2009|isbn=978-5-699-33296-0}}</ref><ref name="mediasat" />
+===1967-1985===
+Since November 2, 1967, the program's [[Broadcasting in the Soviet Union|broadcasting]] covered the entire territory of the country via the [[Orbita (TV system)|Orbita television satellite network]]; at the same time, an independent Orbita program began broadcasting in [[Siberia]], the [[Russian Far]] East, and in a number of regions of Kazakhstan and Central Asia, formed from the broadcasts of the First Program of Central Television.<ref name="БСЭ" /><ref name="mediasat">[http://mediasat.info/2015/03/12/soviettv60th/ Советское ТВ: заметки из будущего. 60-е: время надежд и ожиданий] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/20220121080943/http://mediasat.info/2015/03/12/soviettv60th/ }} // Mediasat, 12 марта 2015</ref>
+In the same 1967, Central Television was given a new studio and broadcasting complex in the [[Ostankino Technical Center]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ostankino.ru/history/istoriya-telecentra |title=История телецентра |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153124/https://ostankino.ru/history/istoriya-telecentra}}</ref> which had 10 studio and broadcasting units, 4 telecinema studio and broadcasting units, and several video recording units. The appearance of a large number of ASCs led to the emergence of many new thematic programs - "I Serve the Soviet Union!" (since 1967), "In the Animal World" (since 1968), "International Panorama" (since 1969), "Man and the Law" (since 1970), "From the Bottom of the Heart" (since 1971), "Song of the Year" (since 1971), "The Obvious - the Incredible" (since 1973), "Studio 9" (since 1974), "Morning Mail" (since 1974), "ABVGDeyka" (since 1975), "What? Where? When?" (since 1975), "Visiting a Fairy Tale" (since 1976), "Around Laughter" (since 1978), "Until 16 and Over..." (since 1983).
+In 1968, instead of the Film Production Department at the Central Television,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/74543|title=Поздразделение"Останкино"готов-ся акционированию|publisher=[[Коммерсантъ]]|date=1994-03-26|access-date=2020-06-21|archive-date=2021-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153121/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/74543}}</ref> a self-supporting<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://arttaller.com/televidenie_sssr.html |title=Козловский В. Н. Телевидение. Взгляд изнутри. |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2019-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721213116/https://arttaller.com/televidenie_sssr.html  }}</ref> state institution, the Creative Association Ekran, was established, which produced and ordered the production of television films from other film and television studios. The emergence of 4 ASC telekino led to an increase in the number of its own television films produced by TO Ekran (Shadows Disappear at Noon, Seventeen Moments of Spring, Eternal Call, Investigation Led by ZnaToKi, Born of the Revolution, TASS is Authorized to Declare, and others), as well as to the beginning of the release of children's and animated television films. The spread of reportage installations led to the appearance in 1968 of a large information program called Vremya,<ref name="Раззаков" /> as well as new thematic programs and an increase in the release of television films. The appearance of several video recording machines led to a significant reduction in live broadcasts, which were limited to broadcasts of the announcer's text,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXURxZqWfnk |title=Телевидение в лицах-2 - 70-е годы |website=[[YouTube]] |access-date=2020-07-22 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153116/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXURxZqWfnk}}</ref> as well as broadcasts of individual events and sports competitions. The Moscow Television Center (MTC) itself became the All-Union Television Center (OTC) (later it was called the "Television Technical Center named after the 50th Anniversary of October"), its transmitting part was subordinated to the Ministry of Communications and became the All-Union Radio and Television Transmitting Station.
+On January 25, 1971, the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company launched a duplicate of the "First Program of Central Television" via the [[Orbita (TV system)|"Orbita" system]] - the "East" program: it was intended for the Urals, Central Asia and part of Kazakhstan and took into account the difference in time zones (+2 hours from Moscow time). Since January 1, 1976, Central Television launched three more duplicates of the "First Program of Central Television" (the "Orbita-1, -2, -3" programs) specifically for the eastern territories of the USSR with a time shift of +8, +6 and +4 hours.<ref name="характеристика программ">[http://rykovodstvo.ru/exspl/132228/index.html?page=3 Центральное телевидение: Краткая характеристика программ] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/20211201133728/http://rykovodstvo.ru/exspl/132228/index.html?page=3 }} // Телевидение и радиовещание СССР. — М.: Искусство, 1979.</ref><ref>[http://mediasat.info/2015/03/16/soviettv70th/ Советское ТВ: заметки из будущего. 70-е: советское телевидение эпохи застоя] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/20211101150359/http://mediasat.info/2015/03/16/soviettv70th/ }} // Mediasat, 16 марта 2015</ref> In 1984, the broadcast coverage of the "First Program of Central Television" reached 92% of the population of the USSR.<ref>{{cite journal|author = Юшкявичюс Г.|title = Телевидение и радиовещание в новых условиях|url = http://radiowiki.ru/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%3A%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE_1985_%D0%B3._%E2%84%9610.djvu&page=4&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile|journal = Радио|year = 1985|issue = 10|archivedate = 2020-09-25|archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20200925015739/http://radiowiki.ru/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE_1985_%D0%B3._%E2%84%9610.djvu&page=4&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile|lang=ru}}</ref> The channel, which was transmitted on the [[SECAM]] D/K standard, carried advertising for the first time in the 1980s.
+===1985-1991===
+In the second half of the 1980s, live television programs began to appear again - "12th Floor" (in 1985-1987). In the same year, "Vzglyad" (1987-1991), "Press Club", etc.). At the same time, the information service began to change - in 1986, the morning information program "60 Minutes" appeared, in 1987 it was renamed "90 Minutes", and later "120 Minutes", and later "Morning", in 1989, the information program "Television News Service" was created, which was broadcast daily late in the evening, the hosts of which were the hosts of the program "120 Minutes", the information and analytical program "7 Days" (the following year its broadcast was stopped), the hosts of which were Eduard Sagalaev and Alexander Tikhomirov. In 1988, the Foreign Trade Association "Sovteleexport" was created to sell programs to other television organizations and purchase TV programs from them, and the firm "Sovtelevideo" was created to exchange programs with them.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.tvmuseum.ru/catalog.asp?ob_no=12896 |title=Гл. Восток-Запад. Этапы телеобмена. |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2016-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416182512/http://tvmuseum.ru/catalog.asp?ob_no=12896}}</ref> The Italian advertising agency Pubitalia-80 received the right to place the advertisement “Progress, information, advertising”,<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/758986 |title=Слоган для защиты |date=16 April 2007 |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153134/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/758986}}</ref> produced by the Main Editorial Board of Popular Science and Educational Programs of the [[Soviet Central Television]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dX6knZynuoE |title=Прогресс, информация, реклама,1988 г.,ЦТ СССР. |website=[[YouTube]] |date=3 February 2015 |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153114/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dX6knZynuoE}}</ref> and with its support the TV quiz show “Schastlivy Sluch”<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjBtI-Nbd2s |title=Счастливый случай ЦТ, 1991 г Игра 2 |website=[[YouTube]] |date=22 August 2012 |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231183007/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjBtI-Nbd2s}}</ref> appeared on the Central Television. Also, the Main Directorate of Programs of the Central Television was reorganized into the General Directorate of Programs of the Central Television, and the “Ekran” TO into the TPO “Soyuztelefilm”.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=ESU;n=23970;frame=51#02548310167471326 |title=Постановление Совмина СССР от 15.10.1988 N 1207 «О генеральной схеме управления телевидением и радиовещанием» |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2022-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121052332/http://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=ESU;n=23970;frame=51#02548310167471326}}</ref>
+Some of the employees of the Main Editorial Board of Programs for Youth of the Central Television established the television company VID and Author's Television (ATV), for the purchase of programs from which, instead of the editorial board itself, the studio "Experiment" and "New Studio" were created, respectively, which received the status of a legal entity<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/107842|title=Дело АО ОРТ|publisher=[[Коммерсантъ]]|date=1995-04-29|access-date=2020-06-21|archive-date=2021-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215001219/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/107842}}</ref> and the right to place advertising within the programs, which was transferred to the television company VID and ATV in exchange for the prepared programs,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/13315|title=Вот компания какая|publisher=[[Коммерсантъ]]|date=1997-02-18|access-date=2020-04-30|archive-date=2020-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619221205/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/13315}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5mRxm23DVLc |title=Рекламный блок + анонс фильма (ЦТ, 25.10.1991) |website=[[YouTube]] |date=12 March 2016 |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153117/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5mRxm23DVLc}}</ref> somewhat later the status of legal entities was received by the Main Editorial Board of Information of the Central Television and the Main Editorial Board of Television Programs for Moscow and the Moscow Region, reorganized respectively into the Studio of Information Programs (on November 1 of the same year it was liquidated and in its place the Information Television Agency was created<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/754|title=Новое "Время": музыка ТСН, сценарий Яковлева|author=Сергей Самошин|date=1991-09-09|publisher=Коммерсантъ|access-date=2020-06-21|archive-date=2019-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212213406/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/754}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1157|title="Zapf Dingbats" Телевидение|author=|website=[[Коммерсантъ]]|date=1991-10-14|publisher=|access-date=2020-06-21|archive-date=2021-04-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423195134/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1157}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1230|title=На ЦТ изменяются все программы новостей|author=Сергей Самошин|date=1991-11-04|publisher=Коммерсантъ|access-date=2020-06-21|archive-date=2021-12-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153133/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/1230}}</ref>) and the Studio of Moscow Programs. Among other things, the [[VIDgital|VID television company]] began to prepare the quiz show “Field of Miracles” (an unlicensed analogue of the American game show “Wheel of Fortune”), which soon became one of the most popular programs.
+On February 8, 1991, the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (Vseyuznaya GTRK) was created instead of the [[State Committee of Television and Radio Broadcasting of the Soviet Union]]. It combined the rights of a state body<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190414235645/http://lawru.info/dok/1991/04/11/n1175951.htm «Об утверждении Положения о Всесоюзной государственной телерадиовещательной компании»]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.yeltsinmedia.com/events/feb-8-1991/ |title=Создание Всесоюзной ГТРК |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153116/http://www.yeltsinmedia.com/events/feb-8-1991/ }}</ref> and a state enterprise,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://lib.broadcasting.ru/articles2/Mashina/vsesoyuznaya-vs.-vserossiyskaya/partners.php |title=Всесоюзная vs. Всероссийская |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153116/http://lib.broadcasting.ru/articles2/Mashina/vsesoyuznaya-vs.-vserossiyskaya/partners.php }}</ref> the chairman of which was to be appointed by the President of the USSR (Leonid Kravchenko became this<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lawrussia.ru/texts/legal_346/doc346a164x242.htm|title=Указ Президента Союза Советских Социалистических Республик от 8 февраля 1991 г. № УП-1441 «О создании Всесоюзной государственной телерадиовещательной компании»|publisher=Портал LawRussia.ru|date=2007-11-01|accessdate=2016-10-28|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029111919/http://www.lawrussia.ru/texts/legal_346/doc346a164x242.htm|archivedate=2016-10-29}}</ref> position), the programs “TSN”, “Vzglyad”, “Press Club”, “Do i posle Polunochi” were closed, but on August 27 he was relieved of his post, Yegor Yakovlev was appointed the new chairman of the All-Union GTRK, and Eduard Sagalayev was appointed first deputy chairman and general director,<ref name="автоссылка2">{{cite news|url=http://www.kommersant.ru/doc/675|title=Егор Яковлев: смотрите, я ЦТирую|last=Масленцин|first=Кирилл|date=1991-09-02|publisher=Коммерсантъ-Власть, № 35|accessdate=2014-12-27|archivedate=2021-12-31|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153137/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/675}}</ref> after which the staff of the “Television News Service” program returned to the All-Union GTRK, and the broadcast of the programs “Vzglyad”, “Press Club”, “Do i posle Polunochi” was resumed.
+During the attempt at [[1991 Soviet coup attempt|state coup]] by order of the self-proclaimed [[State Emergency Committee]], all TV channels of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company refused their usual broadcast schedule, replacing all programs (except for news) with a showing of [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]'s ballet [[Swan Lake]].
+On August 27, 1991, Yegor Yakovlev was appointed the new chairman of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company, and Eduard Sagalaev was appointed first deputy chairman and general director.<ref name="автоссылка2" /> The staff of the "Television News Service" program returned to the  '''Central Television Channel One''' ({{lang-ru|Первый канал ЦТ}})., on its basis a new information service of the channel was created (it was named the Information Television Agency, Boris Nepomnyashchy, previously senior editor of the "Vremya" program, was appointed director, Oleg Dobrodeev was appointed editor-in-chief), which included part of the news staff of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company.
+===Termination of broadcasting===
+The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 27 ordered the liquidation of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company and the creation on its basis of the Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company Ostankino,<ref name="указ 27.12.1991">{{Cite web |url=http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/669 |title=О телерадиокомпании «Останкино» |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2022-02-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220207161052/http://kremlin.ru/acts/bank/669}}</ref> the chairman of the All-Union State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company E. V. Yakovlev was appointed its chairman. In January-March 1992, instead of the General Directorate of Programs of the Central Television, thematic studios, creative associations and main editorial offices of the Central Television, the Directorate of Programs of the Ostankino Television Company, thematic studios and creative associations of the RGTRK Ostankino were created.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://wiselawyer.ru/poleznoe/12709-osnovaniya-vozniknoveniya-perekhoda-prav-telefilmy |title=Основания возникновения и перехода прав на телефильмы |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153121/https://wiselawyer.ru/poleznoe/12709-osnovaniya-vozniknoveniya-perekhoda-prav-telefilmy  }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/37020?query=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC |title=Иск к телерадиокомпании «Останкино» |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153146/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/37020?query=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/45501?query=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC |title=Арбитражные суды |access-date=2020-06-21 |archive-date=2021-12-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231153124/https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/45501?query=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%8E%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC}}</ref> '''Ostankino Television Channel One''' was created. However, in the printed summary of the program schedules up until February, the name of the television channel used from May 16, 1957 to September 15, 1991 was indicated.
 Following the [[dissolution of the USSR]], Programme One's frequencies were transferred to the new state broadcasting organizations in the former [[republics of the Soviet Union|Soviet republics]], while in the [[Russia]]n republic [[Channel One Russia|the main Ostankino Television channel]] took over its signal and transmitters.
-==Programmes==
+==Programming==
-The periodic [[Little Blue Light]] became a staple of [[Soviet Union]] celebrations during [[New Year's Eve]], [[International Women's Day]], and [[International Workers' Day]]. The programme continues to run today on [[Russia 1]].
+The periodic ''[[Little Blue Light]]'' became a staple of [[Soviet Union]] celebrations during [[New Year's Eve]], [[International Women's Day]], and [[International Workers' Day]]. The programme continues to run today on [[Russia 1]].
-The news department did not employ news journalists until 1989, when they began to front the shorter bulletins (the main 18:30 and 21:00 news programmes was fronted only by senior journasts until after the [[1991 Soviet coup d'etat attempt|failed coup d'etat]]).
+The news department did not employ news journalists until 1989, when they began to front the shorter bulletins (the main 18:30 and 21:00 news programmes was fronted only by senior journalists until after the [[1991 Soviet coup d'etat attempt|failed coup d'etat]]).
 ==See also==
 *[[Eastern Bloc information dissemination]]
 *[[CCTV 1]] - similar channel in China
+==References==
+{{reflist}}
 {{Eastern Bloc media}}
+{{RGTRK «Ostankino»}}
+{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Eastern Bloc media]]
+[[Category:Eastern Bloc mass media]]
-[[Category:Soviet culture]]
+[[Category:Culture of the Soviet Union]]
 [[Category:Television in the Soviet Union]]
+{{USSR-stub}}
+{{Europe-tv-station-stub}}

v t e National media in the former Eastern Bloc
Eastern Bloc information dissemination
Overview	Media of the Soviet Union Broadcasting State Committee (Gosteleradio) Radio Television Printed media Mass media in Communist Czechoslovakia
Newspapers	Soviet Union Central newspapers: Pravda Izvestia Komsomolskaya Pravda Pionerskaya Pravda Trud Sovetsky Sport Republican newspapers: Sovetskaya Rossiya (Russian SFSR) Zvyazda (Byelorussian SSR) Sovetskaya Latviya (Latvian SSR) Cīņa (Latvian SSR) Tiesa (Lithuanian SSR) Czerwony Sztandar (Lithuanian SSR) Rahva Hääl (Estonian SSR) Neuvosto-Karjala (Karelo-Finnish SSR) Komunisti (Georgian SSR) Sotsialistik Qazaqstan (Kazakh SSR) Sovettik Kyrgyzstan (Kirghiz SSR) Moldova Socialistă (Moldavian SSR) Borba (Yugoslavia) Delo (Yugoslavia) Dnevnik (Yugoslavia) Esti Budapest (Hungary) Esti Hírlap (Hungary) Freie Erde (East Germany) Haqiqat-e Inquilab-e Saur (Afghanistan) Laiko Vima (Albania) Mladá fronta DNES (Czechoslovakia) Népszabadság (Hungary) Neues Deutschland (East Germany) Nova Makedonija (Yugoslavia) Novi list (Yugoslavia) Oslobođenje (Yugoslavia) Pobjeda (Yugoslavia) Politika (Yugoslavia) Politika Ekspres (Yugoslavia) Pravda (Czechoslovakia) Rabotnichesko Delo (Bulgaria) Rudé právo (Czechoslovakia) Scînteia (Romania) Slobodna Dalmacija (Yugoslavia) Sport (Yugoslavia) Sportske novosti (Yugoslavia) Trybuna Ludu (Poland) Večernje novosti (Yugoslavia) Večernji list (Yugoslavia) Vjesnik (Yugoslavia) Zëri i Popullit (Albania)
Magazines	Atze (East Germany) Dolgozó nő (Romania) Duga (Yugoslavia) Džuboks (Yugoslavia) Eulenspiegel (East Germany) Femeia (Romania) Filmspiegel (East Germany) Form und Zweck (East Germany) FRÖSI (East Germany) Für Dich (East Germany) Galaksija (Yugoslavia) Guter Rat (East Germany) Izgled (Yugoslavia) Jugend und Technik (East Germany) Jugoslavija (Yugoslavia) Književna reč (Yugoslavia) Kultur im Heim (East Germany) Lakáskultúra (Hungary) Naša žena (Yugoslavia) Neue Berliner Illustrierte (East Germany) Neue Werbung (East Germany) Neuer Weg (East Germany) Neues Leben (East Germany) NIN (Yugoslavia) Novy Vostok (Soviet Union) Oktyabr (Soviet Union) Pogledi (Yugoslavia) Politikin Zabavnik (Yugoslavia) Sibylle (East Germany) Signal (Yugoslavia) Sputnik (Soviet Union) Start (Yugoslavia) Svet kompjutera (Yugoslavia) Svijet (Yugoslavia) Tempo (Yugoslavia) Tina (Yugoslavia) Vlasta (Czechoslovakia)
Television	Televizioni Shqiptar (Albania) Bulgarian National Television (Bulgaria) ČST (Czechoslovakia) DFF (East Germany) MTV (Hungary) TVP (Poland) TVR (Romania) Central Television (USSR) Programme One Programme Two Moscow Programme Leningrad Television (Russian SFSR) Republican stations: Armenia 1 (Armenian SSR) AzTV (Azerbaijan SSR) Belarus Television (Byelorussian SSR) ETV (Estonian SSR) First Channel (Georgian SSR) Rigas Televīzija (Latvian SSR) Lietuvos Televizija (Lithuanian SSR) Canalul 1 (Moldavian SSR) Ukrainian Television Ch.1/Ukrainian Television Ch.2 (Ukrainian SSR)
Radio	All-Union Radio (USSR) First Programme (USSR) Eesti Raadio (Estonian SSR) Latvijas Radio 1 (Latvian SSR) Lietuvos radijas (Lithuanian SSR) Radio Moscow (Russian SFSR) Radio Peace and Progress Public Radio of the Armenian SSR Radio Belarus (Byelorussian SSR) Radio Georgia (Georgian SSR) Rundfunk der DDR (East Germany) Berliner Rundfunk Deutschlandsender Radio DDR 1 Radio DDR 2 DT64 Radio Berlin International Radio Tirana (Albania) Radio Bulgaria Horizont (Bulgaria) Magyar Rádió (Hungary) Kossuth Rádió (Hungary) Radio Polonia Program 1 Polskiego Radia (Poland) Radio Romania
Agencies	TASS (USSR) BelTA (Byelorussian SSR) ELTA (Lithuanian SSR) APN (USSR) Soviet Information Bureau ADN (GDR) Czech News Agency (Czechoslovakia)

v t e Russian State TV and Radio Company «Ostankino»
TV programme	Programme One Ostankino TV Channel 1 Programme Two Moscow programme Ostankino TV Channel 4
Radio programme	Radio-1 Mayak Yunost Orfey