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{{Infobox settlement
{{cleanup|date=March 2008}}
| name = Aguilar de Campoo
'''Aguilar de Campoo''' is a town in the province of [[Palencia (province)|Palencia]], autonomous comunity of [[Castile and León]] in [[Spain]].
| settlement_type = [[Municipalities of Spain|Municipality]]
| official_name =
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Aguilar de Campoo. santiago lopez-pastor.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_flag =
| image_shield = Escudo de Aguilar de Campoo.svg
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Spain Castile and León#Spain
| pushpin_relief = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Spain
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[Spain]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous communities of Spain|Autonomous community]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Castile and León]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Province of Palencia|Palencia]]
| seat =
| coordinates = {{coord|42|48|N|4|16|W|region:ES_type:city|display=inline}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 892
| elevation_min_m =
| elevation_max_m =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 30.62
| established_title = <!-- Founded -->
| established_date =
| population_as_of = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
| population_total = {{Spain metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_demonym = Aguilarenses
| population_note =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in Spain|Postal code]]
| postal_code = 34800
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in Spain|Dialing code]]
| area_code =
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = María José Ortega Gómez
| footnotes =
}}
'''Aguilar de Campoo''' ({{IPA|es|aɣiˈlaɾ ðe kamˈpo}}) is a town and [[municipalities in Spain|municipality]] of [[Spain]] located in the North of [[province of Palencia]], autonomous community of [[Castile and León]]. The [[River Pisuerga]] flows through its historic centre. Its 2011 population was 7741.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pueblos-espana.org/castilla+y+leon/palencia/aguilar+de+campoo/ |title=AGUILAR DE CAMPOO - Palencia |access-date=2013-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121081426/http://www.pueblos-espana.org/castilla+y+leon/palencia/aguilar+de+campoo/ |archive-date=2013-01-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>


It is one of the locations of the [[Camino de Santiago|St. James' Northern Way]] (Ruta del Besaya). Since 2017, the municipality has been included in the Geopark of Las Loras,<ref>[http://www.unesco.org/new/en/natural-sciences/environment/earth-sciences/unesco-global-geoparks/list-of-unesco-global-geoparks/spain/las-loras/ Las Loras UNESCO global geopark (Spain)]</ref> the first UNESCO Geopark in Castile and León.
It is close to the [[River Pisuerga]] and has 7,308 inhabitants (2005 Census). [[Cantabri]]s, [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] and [[Visigoths]] established in the region. In [[1255]] [[Alfonso X the Wise]] declared it ''Villa Realenga'' (Royal Town). The town mantained that privilege until 1332. The town is known for its wide monumental religious civil and military heritage. [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] and [[Renaissance architecture]] are well represented. The monastery of [[Monastery of Santa María la Real in Aguilar de Campoo|Santa María la Real]], the [[collegiate church]] of St Michael, the main square (''Plaza Mayor''), the Palace of the Marquises of Aguilar de Campoo (one of the most important [[Grandee]]s of Spain), the churches of Santa Cecilia and Santa Clara, the tomb of the Marquises and the doorgates and bridges over River Pisuerga deserve special mention.


==History==
==Religious Monuments==
[[File:Colegiata de San Miguel - Aguilar de Campoo.jpg|thumb|Collegiate Church of Saint Michael, Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[File:Galletas Fontaneda 1920.jpg|thumb|left|The primitive biscuit factory of [[Galletas Fontaneda]] by 1920]]
In May 1255 [[Alfonso X the Wise]] granted Aguilar a royal [[fuero]],{{Sfn|Huidobro y Serna|1954|p=79}} and thus the town also became a ''realengo'' ('royal demesne').<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elnortedecastilla.es/palencia/aguilar-campoo-vergel-20210328205945-nt.html|website=[[El norte de Castilla]]|title=Aguilar de Campoo, un vergel natural y un paraíso arquitectónico|first=Lía Z.|date=28 March 2021|last=Lorenzo}}</ref> The town maintained that status until 1332. The town featured a seizeable Jewish community in the middle ages.{{Sfn|Huidobro y Serna|1954|pp=86–87}}
[[File:IglesiaRupestreOlleros.JPG|thumb|200px|Church of Olleros de Pisuerga. (VII-XI centuries).]]

*Monastery of Santa María la Real (11th-13th centuries)
Gullón and Fontaneda opened [[biscuit]] factories in 1904 and 1913, respectively, and the town acquired a reputation as a renowned biscuit-making centre in Spain in the 20th century.{{sfn|Moreno Lázaro|2001|pp=207; 215}}
*Collegiate Church of San Miguel (11th- 16th centuries)

In medieval times, Aguilar de Campoo was home to a [[Jewish]] community. The earliest documentation of Jews in Aguilar de Campoo dates to 1187. The Jewish community was decimated after the 1492 [[expulsion of the Jews from Spain|expulsion of the Jews]]. Over the Reinosa Gate, one of the gates of the city, is an inscription of Judeo-Castilian (Castilian language written in Hebrew letters) detailing who built the gate.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aguilar De Campoo, Spain |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/aguilar-de-campoo |website=Jewish Virtual Library |access-date=25 June 2024}}</ref>

==Main sights==

===Religious architecture===
*[[Monastery of Santa María la Real (Palencia)|Monastery of Santa María la Real]] (11th-13th centuries)
*[[Collegiate Church of San Miguel]] (11th-16th centuries)
*Church of Olleros de Pisuerga (7th-9th centuries)
*Hermitage of Santa Cecilia (12th century)
*Hermitage of Santa Cecilia (12th century)
*Church of San Andrés (12th century)
*Church of San Andrés (12th century)
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==Civil architecture==
==Civil architecture==
[[File:Aguilar de Campoo - Colegiata de San Miguel Arcángel 6.jpg|thumb|170px|Collegiate Church of Saint Michael, Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[File:Aguilar de Campoo - Colegiata de San Miguel Arcángel 9.jpg|170px|thumb|Apse of the Collegiate Church of Saint Michael]]
*Medieval castle
* Major Square
* Major Square
* Palace of the Manriques (Marquess of Aguilar de Campoo)
* Palace of the Manrique (Marquess of Aguilar de Campoo)
* Palace of the Villalobos-Solorzano
* Palace of the Villalobos-Solorzano
* Palace of the Marquises of Villatorre
* Palace of the Marquises of Villatorre
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* House of Santa Mª La Real
* House of Santa Mª La Real
* House of the Marcos Gutierrez
* House of the Marcos Gutierrez
* House of the seven ''Linajes''
* House of the Seven ''Linajes'' (lineages)
* House of the Velardes
* House of the Velardes
*Medieval walls and gates


==Bridges==
==Bridges==
Line 32: Line 95:
* Bridges of Tenerias
* Bridges of Tenerias


==Doorgates==
== Industry ==
In Aguilar is [[Galletas Gullón]] factory, the largest manufacturer of [[biscuit]]s in Spain and one of the largest in [[Europe]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}}
*Reinosa Door
*Paseo Real Door
*Tobalina Door
*Portazgo Door
*Cascajera Door
*San Roque Door
*Beaterio Door


== References ==
==Other places of interest==
;Citations
*The Castle
{{reflist}}
*The Walls
;Bibliography
*The Jewish Neighborhood and Synagogue
* {{Cite journal|title=Breve Historia y descripción de la Muy Leal Villa de Aguilar de Campoo|first=Luciano|last=Huidobro y Serna|journal=Publicaciones de la Institución Tello Téllez de Meneses|issn=0210-7317|issue=12|year=1954|pages=5–230|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2490080.pdf}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Moreno Lázaro|first=Javier|title=La dulce transformación. La industria galletera española en la segunda mitad del siglo XX|journal=Revista de Historia Industrial|year=2001|issue=19|pages=205–247|url=https://www.raco.cat/index.php/HistoriaIndustrial/article/view/63488/85027}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.aguilardecampoo.com/ Official website] {{in lang|es}}
*[http://pueblospalencia.es/index.php/aguilar-de-campoo Información, historia, fiestas y fotografias de Aguilar de Campoo]{{es}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071201105620/http://pueblospalencia.es/index.php/aguilar-de-campoo Información, historia, fiestas y fotografias de Aguilar de Campoo] {{in lang|es}}

Municipality webpage: ''Aguilar de Campoo: Villa del Románico'' (in Spanish)[http://www.turwl.com/aguilar/]


{{Municipalities in Palencia}}
{{coord|42|48|N|4|16|W|region:ES_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki|display=title}}
{{spain-geo-stub}}


{{authority control}}
[[Category:Municipalities in Palencia]]


[[Category:Municipalities in the Province of Palencia]]
[[ca:Aguilar de Campoo]]
{{Palencia-geo-stub}}
[[es:Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[eo:Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[fr:Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[it:Aguilar de Campóo]]
[[nl:Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[pt:Aguilar de Campoo]]
[[ru:Агилар-де-Кампоо]]
[[vi:Aguilar de Campoo]]

Latest revision as of 05:47, 15 August 2024

Aguilar de Campoo
Municipality
Coat of arms of Aguilar de Campoo
Coat of arms
Aguilar de Campoo is located in Castile and León
Aguilar de Campoo
Aguilar de Campoo
Location in Spain
Aguilar de Campoo is located in Spain
Aguilar de Campoo
Aguilar de Campoo
Aguilar de Campoo (Spain)
Coordinates: 42°48′N 4°16′W / 42.800°N 4.267°W / 42.800; -4.267
CountrySpain
Autonomous communityCastile and León
ProvincePalencia
Government
 • MayorMaría José Ortega Gómez
Area
 • Total
30.62 km2 (11.82 sq mi)
Elevation
892 m (2,927 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total
6,842
 • Density220/km2 (580/sq mi)
DemonymAguilarenses
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
34800

Aguilar de Campoo (Spanish pronunciation: [aɣiˈlaɾ ðe kamˈpo]) is a town and municipality of Spain located in the North of province of Palencia, autonomous community of Castile and León. The River Pisuerga flows through its historic centre. Its 2011 population was 7741.[2]

It is one of the locations of the St. James' Northern Way (Ruta del Besaya). Since 2017, the municipality has been included in the Geopark of Las Loras,[3] the first UNESCO Geopark in Castile and León.

History

[edit]
The primitive biscuit factory of Galletas Fontaneda by 1920

In May 1255 Alfonso X the Wise granted Aguilar a royal fuero,[4] and thus the town also became a realengo ('royal demesne').[5] The town maintained that status until 1332. The town featured a seizeable Jewish community in the middle ages.[6]

Gullón and Fontaneda opened biscuit factories in 1904 and 1913, respectively, and the town acquired a reputation as a renowned biscuit-making centre in Spain in the 20th century.[7]

In medieval times, Aguilar de Campoo was home to a Jewish community. The earliest documentation of Jews in Aguilar de Campoo dates to 1187. The Jewish community was decimated after the 1492 expulsion of the Jews. Over the Reinosa Gate, one of the gates of the city, is an inscription of Judeo-Castilian (Castilian language written in Hebrew letters) detailing who built the gate.[8]

Main sights

[edit]

Religious architecture

[edit]

Civil architecture

[edit]
Collegiate Church of Saint Michael, Aguilar de Campoo
Apse of the Collegiate Church of Saint Michael
  • Medieval castle
  • Major Square
  • Palace of the Manrique (Marquess of Aguilar de Campoo)
  • Palace of the Villalobos-Solorzano
  • Palace of the Marquises of Villatorre
  • House of the Priest
  • House of Santa Mª La Real
  • House of the Marcos Gutierrez
  • House of the Seven Linajes (lineages)
  • House of the Velardes
  • Medieval walls and gates

Bridges

[edit]
  • Major Bridge
  • Bridge of Portazgo
  • Bridge of Turruntero Mill
  • Bridge of la Teja
  • Bridges of Paseo de la Cascajera
  • Bridges of Tenerias

Industry

[edit]

In Aguilar is Galletas Gullón factory, the largest manufacturer of biscuits in Spain and one of the largest in Europe.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
Citations
  1. ^ Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
  2. ^ "AGUILAR DE CAMPOO - Palencia". Archived from the original on 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2013-02-02.
  3. ^ Las Loras UNESCO global geopark (Spain)
  4. ^ Huidobro y Serna 1954, p. 79.
  5. ^ Lorenzo, Lía Z. (28 March 2021). "Aguilar de Campoo, un vergel natural y un paraíso arquitectónico". El norte de Castilla.
  6. ^ Huidobro y Serna 1954, pp. 86–87.
  7. ^ Moreno Lázaro 2001, pp. 207, 215.
  8. ^ "Aguilar De Campoo, Spain". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
Bibliography
[edit]
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