William John Patterson: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|6th Premier of Saskatchewan (1935–1944)}} |
{{Short description|6th Premier of Saskatchewan (1935–1944)}} |
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{{other people||William Patterson (disambiguation)}} |
{{other people||William Patterson (disambiguation)}} |
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{{ |
{{Use Canadian English|date=January 2023}} |
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{{More footnotes needed|date=October 2010}} |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox officeholder |
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| honorific-prefix = |
| honorific-prefix = [[The Honourable]] |
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| name = William John Patterson |
| name = William John Patterson |
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| honorific-suffix = |
| honorific-suffix = |
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| image = William John Patterson.jpg |
| image = William John Patterson.jpg |
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| image_size = 200px |
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| caption = |
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| office1 = 10th [[Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan]] |
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| term_start1 = June 25, 1951 |
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| term_end1 = February 3, 1958 |
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| predecessor1 = [[John Michael Uhrich]] |
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| successor1 = [[Frank Lindsay Bastedo]] |
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| monarch1 = [[George VI]]<br />[[Elizabeth II]] |
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⚫ | |||
| office2 = 10th [[Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan]] |
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| premier1 = [[Tommy Douglas]] |
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| order2 = 6th |
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| office2 = Premier of Saskatchewan |
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| term_start2 = November 1, 1935 |
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| term_end2 = July 10, 1944 |
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| predecessor2 = [[James Garfield Gardiner|James G. Gardiner]] |
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⚫ | |||
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| successor2 = [[Tommy Douglas]] |
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| monarch2 = [[George V]]<br />[[Edward VIII]]<br />[[George VI]] |
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| lieutenant_governor2 = [[Hugh Edwin Munroe]]<br />[[Archibald Peter McNab]] |
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| office3 = [[Leader of the Opposition (Saskatchewan)|Leader of the Opposition]] |
| office3 = [[Leader of the Opposition (Saskatchewan)|Leader of the Opposition]] |
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| term_start3 = |
| term_start3 = July 10, 1944 |
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| term_end3 = August 6, 1946 |
| term_end3 = August 6, 1946 |
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| predecessor3 = [[John Hewgill Brockelbank|John Brockelbank]] |
| predecessor3 = [[John Hewgill Brockelbank|John Brockelbank]] |
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| successor3 = [[Walter Tucker (Canadian politician)|Walter Tucker]] |
| successor3 = [[Walter Tucker (Canadian politician)|Walter Tucker]] |
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| office4 = [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|MLA]] for [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]] |
| office4 = [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|MLA]] for [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]] |
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| term_start4 = |
| term_start4 = June 9, 1921 |
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| term_end4 = |
| term_end4 = June 19, 1934 |
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| predecessor4 = [[Richard James Phin]] |
| predecessor4 = [[Richard James Phin]] |
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| successor4 = '' |
| successor4 = ''Riding abolished'' |
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| office5 = [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|MLA]] for [[Cannington (former electoral district)|Cannington]] |
| office5 = [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan|MLA]] for [[Cannington (former electoral district)|Cannington]] |
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| term_start5 = |
| term_start5 = June 19, 1934 |
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| term_end5 = April 2, 1949 |
| term_end5 = April 2, 1949 |
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| predecessor5 = [[Samson Wallace Arthur]] |
| predecessor5 = [[Samson Wallace Arthur]] |
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| successor5 = [[Rosscoe Arnold McCarthy]] |
| successor5 = [[Rosscoe Arnold McCarthy]] |
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| birth_date = May 13, 1886 |
| birth_date = May 13, 1886 |
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| birth_place = [[Grenfell, Saskatchewan|Grenfell]], [[Assiniboia#District of Assiniboia|District of Assiniboia, North-West Territories]] |
| birth_place = [[Grenfell, Saskatchewan|Grenfell]], [[Assiniboia#District of Assiniboia|District of Assiniboia, North-West Territories]] |
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| death_date ={{death date and age |
| death_date = {{death date and age|1976|06|10|1886|05|13}} |
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| death_place = [[Regina, Saskatchewan]] |
| death_place = [[Regina, Saskatchewan]], Canada |
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| party = [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberal]] |
| party = [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberal]] |
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| spouse = |
| spouse = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''William John Patterson''' (May 13, 1886 – June 10, 1976) was a [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberal]] politician and the sixth [[premier of Saskatchewan]] from 1935 to 1944. He was first elected to the [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan]] in the [[1921 Saskatchewan general election|1921 election]]. He succeeded [[James G. Gardiner]] to become the province's first [[Saskatchewan]]-born premier. |
'''William John Patterson''' (May 13, 1886 – June 10, 1976) was a [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberal]] politician and the sixth [[premier of Saskatchewan]] from 1935 to 1944. He was first elected to the [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan]] in the [[1921 Saskatchewan general election|1921 election]]. He succeeded [[James G. Gardiner]] to become the province's first [[Saskatchewan]]-born premier. |
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==Politics== |
==Politics== |
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Patterson ran in the [[1921 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan general election of 1921]], as the [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party]]'s candidate for the [[Electoral district (Canada)|constituency]] of [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]]. Patterson won the district and took his seat in the [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan]].<ref name="elections">{{cite web |url= |
Patterson ran in the [[1921 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan general election of 1921]], as the [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party]]'s candidate for the [[Electoral district (Canada)|constituency]] of [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]]. Patterson won the district and took his seat in the [[Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan]].<ref name="elections">{{cite web |url=https://saskarchives.com/sites/default/files/pdf/2019_elections_results_by_electoral_division.pdf |title=Saskatchewan Election Results By Electoral Division |date=December 2020 |publisher=Saskatchewan Archives Board |access-date=February 26, 2023}}</ref> Patterson held several [[Executive Council of Saskatchewan|cabinet]] positions in governments headed by [[List of premiers of Saskatchewan|Premier]] [[James Garfield Gardiner]]. He was reelected in the [[1925 Saskatchewan general election|1925 election]] and the [[1929 Saskatchewan general election|1929 election]], but in the latter case, the Liberals lost the election and so Patterson moved to the Opposition. In the [[1934 Saskatchewan general election|1934 election]], the Liberals returned to power, and Patterson returned to cabinet. |
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In 1935, Premier Gardiner left provincial politics to become [[Minister of Agriculture (Canada)|Canadian Minister of Agriculture]] under [[List of Prime Ministers of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]]. Patterson was elected as Gardiner's successor as leader of the Liberal Party of Saskatchewan and Premier of Saskatchewan. Taking office in the midst of the [[Great Depression in Canada|Great Depression]], Patterson sought to extend social programs to assist those in need. His government increased funding for education, enacted [[Saskatchewan Pension Plan|pension]] and [[debt relief]] legislation, and expanded public funding for treatment of [[tuberculosis]], [[cancer]], and [[polio]]. |
In 1935, Premier Gardiner left provincial politics to become [[Minister of Agriculture (Canada)|Canadian Minister of Agriculture]] under [[List of Prime Ministers of Canada|Prime Minister]] [[William Lyon Mackenzie King]]. Patterson was elected as Gardiner's successor as leader of the Liberal Party of Saskatchewan and Premier of Saskatchewan. Taking office in the midst of the [[Great Depression in Canada|Great Depression]], Patterson sought to extend social programs to assist those in need. His government increased funding for education, enacted [[Saskatchewan Pension Plan|pension]] and [[debt relief]] legislation, and expanded public funding for treatment of [[tuberculosis]], [[cancer]], and [[polio]]. |
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==== 1938 General election ==== |
==== 1938 General election ==== |
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{{About||more detailed tables of election results|Saskatchewan general election |
{{About||more detailed tables of election results|1938 Saskatchewan general election}} |
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{{About||information about the 9th Legislature, 1938 to 1944|9th Saskatchewan Legislature}} |
{{About||information about the 9th Legislature, 1938 to 1944|9th Saskatchewan Legislature}} |
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Patterson led the [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberals]] in the general election of 1938. He won a solid majority government. The [[Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] under [[George Hara Williams]] came in second place and continued as the [[List of Saskatchewan Leaders of the Opposition|Official Opposition]]. |
Patterson led the [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberals]] in the general election of 1938. He won a solid majority government. The [[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] under [[George Hara Williams]] came in second place and continued as the [[List of Saskatchewan Leaders of the Opposition|Official Opposition]]. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1938 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election: June 8, 1938]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party !! Leaders !! Seats Won !! Popular Vote !! Popular Vote<br>Percentage |
!colspan="2"|Party !! Leaders !! Seats Won !! Popular Vote !! Popular Vote<br>Percentage |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
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|[[Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[George Hara Williams]]<sup>2</sup> ||align=center|10 ||align=center|82,529 ||align=center|18.73% |
|[[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[George Hara Williams]]<sup>2</sup> ||align=center|10 ||align=center|82,529 ||align=center|18.73% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|CA|Social Credit|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|CA|Social Credit|row-name}} |
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==== 1944 General election ==== |
==== 1944 General election ==== |
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{{About||more detailed tables of election results|Saskatchewan general election |
{{About||more detailed tables of election results|1944 Saskatchewan general election}} |
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{{About||information about the 10th Legislature, 1944 to 1948|10th Saskatchewan Legislature}} |
{{About||information about the 10th Legislature, 1944 to 1948|10th Saskatchewan Legislature}} |
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Provincial elections are normally held between four |
Provincial elections are normally held between four and five years after the previous election, but this election was delayed because of World War II. Patterson again led the [[Saskatchewan Liberal Party|Liberals]] in the general election of 1944, but this time was soundly defeated by [[Tommy Douglas]] and the [[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]]. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1944 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election: June 15, 1944]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party !! Leaders !! Seats Won !! Popular Vote !! Popular Vote<br>Percentage |
!colspan="2"|Party !! Leaders !! Seats Won !! Popular Vote !! Popular Vote<br>Percentage |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
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|[[Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[Tommy Douglas]]<sup>1</sup> ||align=center|47 ||align=center|211,364 ||align=center|53.13% |
|[[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[Tommy Douglas]]<sup>1</sup> ||align=center|47 ||align=center|211,364 ||align=center|53.13% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1921 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 9, 1921]]: [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' William John Patterson || align=center|1,624 || align=center|47.95% |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Independent|row}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Independent|row}} |
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|} |
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'''E''' Elected. |
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==== 1925 General election: Pipestone ==== |
==== 1925 General election: Pipestone ==== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1925 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 2, 1925]]: [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' '''X''' William John Patterson || align=center|2,046 || align=center|64.52% |
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|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Progressive|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Progressive|row-name}} |
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|} |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent. |
'''X''' Incumbent. |
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==== 1926 By-election: Pipestone ==== |
==== 1926 By-election: Pipestone ==== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ Provincial [[ |
|+ Provincial [[Office of profit#United Kingdom|Ministerial]] [[By-Election]], March 18, 1926: [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]] |
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|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party !! Candidate !! Popular Vote !! % |
!colspan="2"|Party !! Candidate !! Popular Vote !! % |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' '''X''' William John Patterson || align=center|[[Acclamation#Uncontested election|Acclaimed]] || align=center|– |
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! colspan=3|Total !! – !! – |
! colspan=3|Total !! – !! – |
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The by-election was called on Patterson accepting the position of Provincial Treasurer in the Cabinet of [[James Garfield Gardiner|Premier Gardiner]], an [[ |
The by-election was called on Patterson accepting the position of Provincial Treasurer in the Cabinet of [[James Garfield Gardiner|Premier Gardiner]], an [[Office of profit#United Kingdom|office of profit]] under the Crown, on February 26, 1926.<br> |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent. |
'''X''' Incumbent. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1929 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 6, 1929]]: [[Pipestone (Saskatchewan electoral district)|Pipestone]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' '''X''' William John Patterson || align=center|2,507 || align=center|58.34% |
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|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Conservative|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Conservative|row-name}} |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent. |
'''X''' Incumbent. |
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==== 1934 General election: Cannington ==== |
==== 1934 General election: Cannington ==== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1934 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 19, 1934]]: [[Cannington (former electoral district)|Cannington]] |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| '''E''' William John Patterson || align=center|4,222 || align=center|49.97% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Farmer-Labour|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Farmer-Labour|row-name}} |
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|} |
|} |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent. |
'''X''' Incumbent. |
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==== 1938 General election: Cannington ==== |
==== 1938 General election: Cannington ==== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1938 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 8, 1938]]: [[Cannington (former electoral district)|Cannington]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' '''X''' William John Patterson || align=center|4,473 || align=center|56.26% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
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|[[Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[Gladys Strum]] ||align=center|3,477 || align=center|43.74% |
|[[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[Gladys Strum]] ||align=center|3,477 || align=center|43.74% |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan=3|Total !! 7,950 !! 100.00% |
! colspan=3|Total !! 7,950 !! 100.00% |
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|} |
|} |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent. |
'''X''' Incumbent. |
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==== 1944 General election: Cannington ==== |
==== 1944 General election: Cannington ==== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1944 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 15, 1944]]: [[Cannington (former electoral district)|Cannington]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' '''X''' William John Patterson || align=center|3,210 || align=center|45.20% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
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|[[Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[Gladys Strum]] ||align=center|3,204 || align=center|45.12% |
|[[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||[[Gladys Strum]] ||align=center|3,204 || align=center|45.12% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|PC|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|PC|row-name}} |
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|} |
|} |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent.<br> |
'''X''' Incumbent.<br> |
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<sup>1</sup> Rounding error. |
<sup>1</sup> Rounding error. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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|+ [[Saskatchewan general election |
|+ [[1948 Saskatchewan general election|Saskatchewan General Election, June 24, 1948]]: [[Cannington (former electoral district)|Cannington]] |
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|- |
|- |
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!colspan="2"|Party |
!colspan="2"|Party |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Liberal|row-name}} |
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| |
| '''E''' '''X''' William John Patterson || align=center|4,687 || align=center|54.44% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|CCF|row}} |
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|[[Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||Ralph Hjertaas ||align=center|3,422 || align=center|39.75% |
|[[Saskatchewan New Democratic Party|Co-operative Commonwealth Federation]] ||Ralph Hjertaas ||align=center|3,422 || align=center|39.75% |
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|- |
|- |
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{{Canadian party colour|SK|Social Credit|row-name}} |
{{Canadian party colour|SK|Social Credit|row-name}} |
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|} |
|} |
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'''E''' Elected.<br> |
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'''X''' Incumbent. |
'''X''' Incumbent. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:1976 deaths]] |
[[Category:1976 deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Grenfell, Saskatchewan]] |
[[Category:People from Grenfell, Saskatchewan]] |
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[[Category:Lieutenant |
[[Category:Lieutenant governors of Saskatchewan]] |
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[[Category:Premiers of Saskatchewan]] |
[[Category:Premiers of Saskatchewan]] |
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[[Category:Saskatchewan Leaders of the Opposition]] |
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[[Category:Members of the United Church of Canada]] |
[[Category:Members of the United Church of Canada]] |
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[[Category:Leaders of the Saskatchewan Liberal Party]] |
[[Category:Leaders of the Saskatchewan Liberal Party]] |
Latest revision as of 22:31, 12 August 2024
This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (October 2010) |
William John Patterson | |
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10th Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan | |
In office June 25, 1951 – February 3, 1958 | |
Monarchs | George VI Elizabeth II |
Governors General | The Viscount Alexander of Tunis Vincent Massey |
Premier | Tommy Douglas |
Preceded by | John Michael Uhrich |
Succeeded by | Frank Lindsay Bastedo |
6th Premier of Saskatchewan | |
In office November 1, 1935 – July 10, 1944 | |
Monarchs | George V Edward VIII George VI |
Lieutenant Governor | Hugh Edwin Munroe Archibald Peter McNab |
Preceded by | James G. Gardiner |
Succeeded by | Tommy Douglas |
Leader of the Opposition | |
In office July 10, 1944 – August 6, 1946 | |
Preceded by | John Brockelbank |
Succeeded by | Walter Tucker |
MLA for Pipestone | |
In office June 9, 1921 – June 19, 1934 | |
Preceded by | Richard James Phin |
Succeeded by | Riding abolished |
MLA for Cannington | |
In office June 19, 1934 – April 2, 1949 | |
Preceded by | Samson Wallace Arthur |
Succeeded by | Rosscoe Arnold McCarthy |
Personal details | |
Born | May 13, 1886 Grenfell, District of Assiniboia, North-West Territories |
Died | June 10, 1976 Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada | (aged 90)
Political party | Liberal |
William John Patterson (May 13, 1886 – June 10, 1976) was a Liberal politician and the sixth premier of Saskatchewan from 1935 to 1944. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan in the 1921 election. He succeeded James G. Gardiner to become the province's first Saskatchewan-born premier.
Patterson's leadership was considered to be uninspired.[according to whom?] He was unable to resist the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation's rise to power in the 1944 election under Tommy Douglas. Patterson's Liberals were reduced to five seats in the Legislature. He resigned as Liberal leader in 1946.
Patterson served as the tenth Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan from 1951 to 1958, becoming the first person to have been both Premier and lieutenant governor of the province.
Early life
[edit]Paterson was born on May 13, 1886, in Grenfell in what was then the District of Assiniboia of the North-West Territories. His father, John Patterson, had moved to Grenfell in 1882 to work as a railway section foreman during the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway. His mother, Catherine Fraser, was an immigrant from Scotland.
Patterson left school at 15 and found work first at a bank and then in the Saskatchewan Department of Telephones. Following the outbreak of World War I, Patterson in 1916 enlisted in the Canadian Army, serving as a cavalry officer. He was wounded in September 1918.
Upon his return to Saskatchewan after the war, he studied law in Grenfell under lawyer G.C. Neff and then moved to Windthorst, Saskatchewan to set up a financial and insurance agency.
Politics
[edit]Patterson ran in the Saskatchewan general election of 1921, as the Saskatchewan Liberal Party's candidate for the constituency of Pipestone. Patterson won the district and took his seat in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan.[1] Patterson held several cabinet positions in governments headed by Premier James Garfield Gardiner. He was reelected in the 1925 election and the 1929 election, but in the latter case, the Liberals lost the election and so Patterson moved to the Opposition. In the 1934 election, the Liberals returned to power, and Patterson returned to cabinet.
In 1935, Premier Gardiner left provincial politics to become Canadian Minister of Agriculture under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. Patterson was elected as Gardiner's successor as leader of the Liberal Party of Saskatchewan and Premier of Saskatchewan. Taking office in the midst of the Great Depression, Patterson sought to extend social programs to assist those in need. His government increased funding for education, enacted pension and debt relief legislation, and expanded public funding for treatment of tuberculosis, cancer, and polio.
However, Patterson subscribed to the conventional wisdom of the day that deficit spending would ruin the province's credit and he thus therefore refused to run a budget deficit, instead funding the increased government spending through a new sales tax. His government also passed legislation making it easier to form credit unions, permitting the formation of unions, and increasing labour standards.
Patterson won re-election in the 1938 election and continued to serve as premier. In the 1944 election, however, the Liberals were easily defeated by the Saskatchewan Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, under the leadership of Tommy Douglas. Patterson served as Leader of the Opposition until 1946, when he resigned as Liberal leader. He remained a Member of the Legislative Assembly and was a candidate in the 1948 election, and was re-elected as the member from Cannington.
Following his resignation, Patterson took up a position with the federal Board of Transport Commissioners.
In 1951, Patterson was appointed as the first Saskatchewan-born Lieutenant Governor. He served in this post until 1958. Upon Patterson's retirement, Douglas introduced special legislation to provide Patterson with a pension to thank for his many years of service to the province.
Patterson then lived quietly in retirement until his death in Regina, on June 10, 1976.[2]
Electoral record
[edit]Saskatchewan general elections, 1938 and 1944
[edit]1938 General election
[edit]Patterson led the Liberals in the general election of 1938. He won a solid majority government. The Co-operative Commonwealth Federation under George Hara Williams came in second place and continued as the Official Opposition.
Party | Leaders | Seats Won | Popular Vote | Popular Vote Percentage | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | William John Patterson1 | 38 | 200,334 | 45.45% | |
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | George Hara Williams2 | 10 | 82,529 | 18.73% | |
Social Credit | Joseph Needham | 2 | 70,084 | 15.90% | |
Unity | – | 2 | 9,848 | 2.24% | |
Conservative | John Diefenbaker | 0 | 52,315 | 11.87% | |
Independent Labour | – | 0 | 12,039 | 2.73% | |
Labour Progressive | – | 0 | 8,514 | 1.93% | |
Independent | – | 0 | 4,023 | 0.91% | |
Independent Conservative | – | 0 | 828 | 0.19% | |
Independent Social Credit | – | 0 | 228 | 0.05% | |
Total | 52 | 440,742 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Elections Saskatchewan — Elections Results — 1938 |
1 Premier when election was called; Premier after election.
2 Leader of the Opposition when election was called; Leader of the Opposition after election.
1944 General election
[edit]Provincial elections are normally held between four and five years after the previous election, but this election was delayed because of World War II. Patterson again led the Liberals in the general election of 1944, but this time was soundly defeated by Tommy Douglas and the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation.
Party | Leaders | Seats Won | Popular Vote | Popular Vote Percentage | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Tommy Douglas1 | 47 | 211,364 | 53.13% | |
Liberal | William John Patterson2 | 5 | 140,901 | 35.42% | |
Progressive Conservative | Rupert Ramsay | 0 | 42,511 | 10.69% | |
Labour Progressive | – | 0 | 2,067 | 0.52% | |
Independent | – | 0 | 705 | 0.18% | |
Social Credit | Joseph Needham | 0 | 249 | 0.06% | |
Independent Liberal | – | 0 | 5 | 0.00%3 | |
Total | 52 | 397,802 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Elections Saskatchewan — Elections Results — 1944 |
1 Member of the federal Parliament until shortly before the election was called; Premier after election.
2 Premier when election was called; Leader of the Opposition after election.
3 Rounds to zero.
Saskatchewan constituency elections
[edit]Patterson stood for election to the Legislative Assembly eight times, in two different ridings, Pipestone and Cannington. He was elected once by acclamation and seven times in contested elections. Although he normally won by healthy pluralities or majorities, in one case, 1944, he won by only six votes.[3]
1921 General election: Pipestone
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E William John Patterson | 1,624 | 47.95% | |
Independent | Thomas Harkness | 1,530 | 45.17% | |
Independent | Allan Brown Potter | 233 | 6.88% | |
Total | 3,387 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
1925 General election: Pipestone
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E X William John Patterson | 2,046 | 64.52% | |
Progressive | Elias Parmlee St. John | 1,125 | 35.48% | |
Total | 3,171 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
1926 By-election: Pipestone
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E X William John Patterson | Acclaimed | – | |
Total | – | – | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
The by-election was called on Patterson accepting the position of Provincial Treasurer in the Cabinet of Premier Gardiner, an office of profit under the Crown, on February 26, 1926.
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
1929 General election: Pipestone
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E X William John Patterson | 2,507 | 58.34% | |
Conservative | Frederick Gore Leggett | 1,790 | 41.66% | |
Total | 4,297 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
1934 General election: Cannington
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E William John Patterson | 4,222 | 49.97% | |
Farmer–Labour | Donald Kenneth Cameron | 2,152 | 25.47% | |
Conservative | X Samson Wallace Arthur | 2,075 | 24.56% | |
Total | 8,449 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
1938 General election: Cannington
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E X William John Patterson | 4,473 | 56.26% | |
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Gladys Strum | 3,477 | 43.74% | |
Total | 7,950 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
1944 General election: Cannington
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E X William John Patterson | 3,210 | 45.20% | |
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Gladys Strum | 3,204 | 45.12% | |
Progressive Conservative | William Armstrong Brigden | 687 | 9.67% | |
Total | 7,101 | 99.99%1 | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
1 Rounding error.
1948 General election: Cannington
[edit]Party | Candidate | Popular Vote | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Liberal | E X William John Patterson | 4,687 | 54.44% | |
Co-operative Commonwealth Federation | Ralph Hjertaas | 3,422 | 39.75% | |
Social Credit | Peter Franchuk | 500 | 5.81% | |
Total | 8,609 | 100.00% | ||
Source: Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division[3] |
E Elected.
X Incumbent.
References
[edit]- ^ "Saskatchewan Election Results By Electoral Division" (PDF). Saskatchewan Archives Board. December 2020. Retrieved February 26, 2023.
- ^ "William John Patterson | the Canadian Encyclopedia".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Saskatchewan Archives — Election Results by Electoral Division.
External links
[edit]- William John Patterson, Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan