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{{short description|American diplomat}}
{{short description|American diplomat (born 1938)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2020}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Mary Ann Glendon
|name = Mary Ann Glendon
|image = Mary Ann Glendon ambassador.jpg
|image = Mary Ann Glendon ambassador.jpg
|caption = Official portrait, 2008
|office = [[United States Ambassador to the Holy See]]
|office = [[United States Ambassador to the Holy See]]
|president = [[George W. Bush]]
|president = [[George W. Bush]]
|term_start = February 29, 2008
|term_start = February 29, 2008
|term_end = January 20, 2009
|term_end = January 19, 2009
|predecessor = [[Francis Rooney]]
|predecessor = [[Francis Rooney]]
|successor = [[Miguel H. Díaz|Miguel Díaz]]
|successor = [[Miguel H. Díaz|Miguel Díaz]]
Line 15: Line 16:
|death_place =
|death_place =
|party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Chicago]]
|education = [[University of Chicago]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Juris Doctor|JD]], [[Master of Laws|LLM]])
}}
}}
'''Mary Ann Glendon''' (born October 7, 1938) is the [[Learned Hand]] [[Professor]] of [[Law]] at [[Harvard Law School]] and a former [[United States Ambassadors to the Holy See|United States Ambassador to the Holy See]]. She teaches and writes on [[bioethics]], [[comparative law|comparative]] [[constitutional law]], [[property law|property]], and [[human rights]] in [[international law]]. She is [[anti-abortion]] and "writes forcefully against the expansion of abortion rights."<ref name=Slate>[[Emily Bazelon|Bazelon, Emily]] (November 26, 2007) [http://www.slate.com/id/2177688/pagenum/all/ On the Advice of Counsel], ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''</ref>
'''Mary Ann Glendon''' (born October 7, 1938) is the Learned Hand Professor of Law at [[Harvard Law School]] and a former [[United States Ambassadors to the Holy See|United States Ambassador to the Holy See]]. She teaches and writes on [[bioethics]], [[comparative law|comparative]] [[constitutional law]], [[property law|property]], and [[human rights]] in [[international law]].


==Early life==
==Early life and education==
Glendon was raised in [[Dalton, Massachusetts]]. Her father, Martin Glendon, an Irish-Catholic Democrat, was a reporter for the ''[[Berkshire Eagle]]'' and also chaired the local board of selectmen.<ref name="Globe12111996">{{cite news
Glendon was raised in [[Dalton, Massachusetts]]. Her father, Martin Glendon, an Irish-Catholic Democrat, was a reporter for the ''[[Berkshire Eagle]]'' and also chaired the local board of selectmen.<ref name="Globe12111996">{{cite news
|first=Dick
|first=Dick
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}}</ref>
}}</ref>


Glendon received her Bachelor of Arts, Juris Doctor, and Master of Comparative Law from the [[University of Chicago]].<ref name="UChicagoAlumniMag">{{Citation |title=Mary Ann Glendon, '61: High-Level Diplomacy |date=Fall 2008 |newspaper=The Record |url=http://www.law.uchicago.edu/alumni/accoladesandachievements/mary-ann-glendon-61-high-level-diplomacy |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421050730/http://www.law.uchicago.edu/alumni/accoladesandachievements/mary-ann-glendon-61-high-level-diplomacy |archive-date=April 21, 2014 |url-status=dead |accessdate=April 20, 2014}}</ref>
⚫
==Career==
[[File:Mary Ann Glendon and George W. Bush 2005.jpg|thumb|left|300px|President George W. Bush and Laura Bush stand with 2005 [[National Humanities Medal]] recipient Mary Ann Glendon.]]
Glendon received her Bachelor of Arts, Juris Doctor, and Master of Comparative Law from the [[University of Chicago]].<ref name=UChicagoAlumniMag>{{Citation
| title =Mary Ann Glendon, '61: High-Level Diplomacy
| newspaper =The Record
| date =Fall 2008
| url =http://www.law.uchicago.edu/alumni/accoladesandachievements/mary-ann-glendon-61-high-level-diplomacy
| accessdate =April 20, 2014
| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20140421050730/http://www.law.uchicago.edu/alumni/accoladesandachievements/mary-ann-glendon-61-high-level-diplomacy
| archive-date =April 21, 2014
| url-status =dead
}}</ref>


⚫
==Career==
Glendon practiced law in Chicago from 1963 to 1968. She became a professor at [[Boston College Law School]] in 1968 and began teaching at Harvard Law School in 1987.<ref name=NEHAward2005>{{cite news | url=http://www.neh.gov/about/awards/national-humanities-medals/mary-ann-glendon | title=Mary Ann Glendon | publisher=National Endowment for the Humanities | year=2005 | accessdate=April 20, 2014 }}</ref>
Glendon practiced law in Chicago from 1963 to 1968. She became a professor at [[Boston College Law School]] in 1968 and began teaching at Harvard Law School in 1987.<ref name=NEHAward2005>{{cite news | url=http://www.neh.gov/about/awards/national-humanities-medals/mary-ann-glendon | title=Mary Ann Glendon | publisher=National Endowment for the Humanities | year=2005 | accessdate=April 20, 2014 }}</ref>


In 1995, she was the [[Holy See|Vatican]] representative to the international 1995 [[Fourth World Conference on Women|Beijing Conference on Women]] sponsored by the [[United Nations]], where she contested the use of condoms for the prevention of [[HIV]] and [[AIDS]]. At the time, [[Pope John Paul II]] issued a statement that "The Holy See in no way endorses contraception or the use of condoms, either as a family planning measure or in HIV/AIDS prevention programs."<ref name=WomensConferenceInBeijing09151995>{{cite conference |url=http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/resources/12holysee.html |title=Holy See's Final Statement at Women's Conference in Beijing |date=September 15, 1995 |conference=Fourth World Conference on Women |conference-url=https://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing/fwcwn.html |location=[[Beijing]] |accessdate=April 20, 2014 }}</ref>
In 1995, she was the [[Holy See|Vatican]] representative to the international 1995 [[Fourth World Conference on Women|Beijing Conference on Women]] sponsored by the [[United Nations]], where she contested the use of condoms for the prevention of [[HIV]] and [[AIDS]]. At the time, [[Pope John Paul II]] issued a statement that "The Holy See in no way endorses contraception or the use of condoms, either as a family planning measure or in HIV/AIDS prevention programs."<ref name=WomensConferenceInBeijing09151995>{{cite conference |url=http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/resources/12holysee.html |title=Holy See's Final Statement at Women's Conference in Beijing |date=September 15, 1995 |conference=Fourth World Conference on Women |conference-url=https://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing/fwcwn.html |location=[[Beijing]] |accessdate=April 20, 2014 }}</ref>


On November 4, 2002, in reference to the ''[[Boston Globe]]'''s Pulitzer Prize nomination for its coverage of sexual abuse by Catholic priests, Glendon told a conference of Catholics that "if fairness and accuracy have anything to do with it, awarding the Pulitzer Prize to the ''Boston Globe'' would be like giving the Nobel Peace Prize to Osama bin Laden."<ref>{{cite book|last1=France|first1=David |title=Our Fathers: The Secret Life Of The Catholic Church In An Age Of Scandal|date=2004|publisher=Random House: Broadway Books| location= New York|page=537|isbn=9780767914062 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=YIo0LhhASsoC&pg=PA537|accessdate=March 1, 2016}}</ref> In 2003 the ''Globe'' was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for its coverage of the church scandals.<ref>{{cite news| title=Washington Post and Los Angeles Times Each Win Three Pulitzer Prizes|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/08/nyregion/washington-post-and-los-angeles-times-each-win-three-pulitzer-prizes.html |accessdate=March 1, 2016|work=New York Times|date=April 8, 2003}}</ref>
On November 4, 2002, in reference to the ''[[Boston Globe]]'''s Pulitzer Prize nomination for its coverage of sexual abuse by Catholic priests, Glendon told a conference of Catholics that "if fairness and accuracy have anything to do with it, awarding the Pulitzer Prize to the ''Boston Globe'' would be like giving the Nobel Peace Prize to Osama bin Laden."<ref>{{cite book|last1=France|first1=David |title=Our Fathers: The Secret Life Of The Catholic Church In An Age Of Scandal|date=2004|publisher=Random House: Broadway Books| location= New York|page=537|isbn=9780767914062 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YIo0LhhASsoC&pg=PA537|accessdate=March 1, 2016}}</ref> In 2003 the ''Globe'' was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for its coverage of the church scandals.<ref>{{cite news| title=Washington Post and Los Angeles Times Each Win Three Pulitzer Prizes|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/04/08/nyregion/washington-post-and-los-angeles-times-each-win-three-pulitzer-prizes.html |accessdate=March 1, 2016|work=New York Times|date=April 8, 2003}}</ref>[[File:Mary Ann Glendon and George W. Bush 2005.jpg|thumb|left|President George W. Bush and Laura Bush stand with 2005 [[National Humanities Medal]] recipient Mary Ann Glendon.]]Glendon was appointed by [[George W. Bush|President Bush]] to the [[President's Council on Bioethics]]. Her nomination as [[United States Ambassador to the Holy See]] was announced on November 5, 2007.<ref name=VaticanAmbassador>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Bush picks anti-abortion Harvard professor to be Vatican ambassador |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/11/06/america/NA-GEN-US-Vatican.php |work=[[International Herald Tribune]] |date=November 5, 2007 |accessdate=November 6, 2007}}</ref> The U.S. Senate voted to confirm her on December 19, 2007.<ref>[http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20100409122933/http%3A//www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0707294.htm Senate confirms Mary Ann Glendon as U.S. ambassador to Vatican] [[Catholic News Service]]</ref> She presented her [[Letters of Credence]] to [[Pope Benedict XVI]] on February 29, 2008, and resigned her office effective January 19, 2009.<ref name=CNS12052008>{{Cite news | last =Thavis | first =John | title =Point of pride: Glendon glad to have served as Vatican ambassador | publisher =[[Catholic News Service]] | date =December 5, 2008 | url =http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0806120.htm | archive-url =http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091005071508/http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0806120.htm | url-status =dead | archive-date =October 5, 2009 | accessdate =April 20, 2014 }}</ref>


⚫
On June 26, 2013, [[Pope Francis]] named Glendon a member of the [[Pontifical Commission]] of inquiry for the [[Institute for Works of Religion]] (IOR), which is also known as the Vatican Bank.<ref name=VaticanRadio06262013>{{cite AV media| medium=radio| title = Pope sets up Pontifical Commission to study IOR reform| url = http://en.radiovaticana.va/news/2013/06/26/pope_sets_up_pontifical_commission_to_study_ior_reform/en1-704987 | work = [[Vatican Radio]]|location= Rome| date = June 26, 2013| minutes = 13 }}</ref> Glendon, two cardinals, a bishop, and a monsignor are responsible for preparing an investigative report on the Vatican Bank.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/pope-bank-idUSL5N0F228120130626 | work=[[Reuters]] | first=Philip | last=Pullella | title=UPDATE 3-In bold move, Pope names commission to reform Vatican bank | date=June 26, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-23063255 | work=[[BBC News]] | title=Pope Francis sets up commission to review Vatican bank | date=June 26, 2013}}</ref> In July 2014 she was appointed to be a member of the board of the IOR.<ref name="VIS 2014">{{cite web | url=http://visnews-en.blogspot.co.at/2014/07/new-economic-framework-for-holy-see.html | title=New Economic Framework for the Holy See | publisher=Vatican Information Service | date=July 9, 2014 | accessdate=July 13, 2014}}</ref>
Glendon was appointed by [[George W. Bush|President Bush]] to the [[President's Council on Bioethics]]. Her nomination as [[United States Ambassador to the Holy See]] was announced on November 5, 2007.<ref name=VaticanAmbassador>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Bush picks anti-abortion Harvard professor to be Vatican ambassador |url=http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/11/06/america/NA-GEN-US-Vatican.php |work=[[International Herald Tribune]] |date=November 5, 2007 |accessdate=November 6, 2007}}</ref> The U.S. Senate voted to confirm her on December 19, 2007.<ref>[http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20100409122933/http%3A//www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0707294.htm Senate confirms Mary Ann Glendon as U.S. ambassador to Vatican] [[Catholic News Service]]</ref> She presented her [[Letters of Credence]] to [[Pope Benedict XVI]] on February 29, 2008, and resigned her office effective January 19, 2009.<ref name=CNS12052008>{{Cite news | last =Thavis | first =John | title =Point of pride: Glendon glad to have served as Vatican ambassador | publisher =[[Catholic News Service]] | date =December 5, 2008 | url =http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0806120.htm | archive-url =http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091005071508/http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0806120.htm | url-status =dead | archive-date =October 5, 2009 | accessdate =April 20, 2014 }}</ref>
⚫
Glendon resigned from the board in February 2018 saying that she wanted to devote more time to other Catholic causes.<ref>[https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/37796/mary-ann-glendon-resigns-from-vatican-bank-oversight-board Catholic News Agency, 16 February 2018]</ref>


⚫
Glendon serves on the board of directors for ''[[First Things]]'', an ecumenical conservative journal that encourages a religiously informed philosophy for the ordering of society.<ref name=FTMasthead>{{cite web | title=Masthead | url=http://www.firstthings.com/masthead | publisher=[[First Things]] | year=2014 | accessdate=April 20, 2014}}</ref> She is also a board member of [[Blackstone Fellowship]] the Christian conservative legal training program run by [[Alliance Defending Freedom]].<ref name="blackstone">{{Cite web |url=http://www.blackstonelegalfellowship.org/ |title=Blackstone Legal Fellowship |publisher=Alliance Defending Freedom |access-date=February 2, 2018}}</ref>
⚫
On June 26, 2013 [[Pope Francis]] named Glendon a member of the [[Pontifical Commission]] of inquiry for the [[Institute for Works of Religion]] (IOR), which is also known as the Vatican Bank.<ref name=VaticanRadio06262013>{{cite AV media| medium=radio| title = Pope sets up Pontifical Commission to study IOR reform| url = http://en.radiovaticana.va/news/2013/06/26/pope_sets_up_pontifical_commission_to_study_ior_reform/en1-704987 | work = [[Vatican Radio]]|location= Rome| date = June 26, 2013| minutes = 13 }}</ref> Glendon, two cardinals, a bishop, and a monsignor are responsible for preparing an investigative report on the Vatican Bank.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/26/pope-bank-idUSL5N0F228120130626 | work=[[Reuters]] | first=Philip | last=Pullella | title=UPDATE 3-In bold move, Pope names commission to reform Vatican bank | date=June 26, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-23063255 | work=[[BBC News]] | title=Pope Francis sets up commission to review Vatican bank | date=June 26, 2013}}</ref> In July 2014 she was appointed to be a member of the board of the IOR.<ref name="VIS 2014">{{cite web | url=http://visnews-en.blogspot.co.at/2014/07/new-economic-framework-for-holy-see.html | title=New Economic Framework for the Holy See | publisher=Vatican Information Service | date=July 9, 2014 | accessdate=July 13, 2014}}</ref>
⚫
Glendon resigned from the board in February 2018 saying that she wanted to devote more time to other Catholic causes.<ref>[https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/mary-ann-glendon-resigns-from-vatican-bank-oversight-board-82394 Catholic News Agency, 16 February 2018]</ref>


⚫
On October 1, 2017, it was announced that Glendon would be the 2018 recipient of the [[Notre Dame Center for Ethics and Culture]]'s [[Evangelium Vitae Medal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.nd.edu/news/mary-ann-glendon-to-receive-2018-evangelium-vitae-medal/|title=Mary Ann Glendon to receive 2018 Evangelium Vitae Medal|last=Dame|first=Marketing Communications: Web // University of Notre|website=Notre Dame News|date=October 2017 |language=en|access-date=August 15, 2019}}</ref>
⚫
Glendon serves on the board of directors for ''[[First Things]]'', an ecumenical conservative journal that encourages a religiously informed philosophy for the ordering of society.<ref name=FTMasthead>{{cite web | title=Masthead | url=http://www.firstthings.com/masthead | publisher=[[First Things]] | year=2014 | accessdate=April 20, 2014}}</ref>


In 2024, she published a memoir, ''In the Courts of Three Popes: An American Lawyer and Diplomat in the Last Absolute Monarchy of the West.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=In the Courts of Three Popes {{!}} Random House Publishing Group |url=https://www.randomhousebooks.com/books/ |access-date=2024-08-11 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-09 |title=‘A court with many lords and few ladies’: Mary Ann Glendon on her experiences of sexism in the Vatican |url=https://www.americamagazine.org/arts-culture/2024/08/09/review-mary-ann-glendon-three-popes-248498 |access-date=2024-08-11 |website=America Magazine |language=en}}</ref>
⚫
On October 1, 2017, it was announced that Glendon would be the 2018 recipient of the [[Notre Dame Center for Ethics and Culture]]'s [[Evangelium Vitae Medal]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.nd.edu/news/mary-ann-glendon-to-receive-2018-evangelium-vitae-medal/|title=Mary Ann Glendon to receive 2018 Evangelium Vitae Medal|last=Dame|first=Marketing Communications: Web // University of Notre|website=Notre Dame News|language=en|access-date=August 15, 2019}}</ref>


==Politics==
==Politics==
[[File:Commission Chair on Unalienable Rights Glendon Delivers Remarks (48232131022).jpg|left|thumb|Glendon delivers remarks to the press at the [[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] in Washington, D.C., on July 8, 2019.]]
During the 1960 presidential election, the first in which Glendon could vote, she cast her ballot for [[John F. Kennedy]]. For most of her early life she was a Democrat.<ref name="Globe12111996" />
During the 1960 presidential election, the first in which Glendon could vote, she cast her ballot for [[John F. Kennedy]]. For most of her early life she was a Democrat.<ref name="Globe12111996" />


Glendon supported [[Mitt Romney]] in the [[2012 United States presidential election|2012 presidential election]].<ref name="Mary Ann Glendon defends Romney">{{Cite news | last =Bauman| first =Michelle| title =Mary Ann Glendon defends Romney on religious freedom | publisher =[[Catholic News Agency]] | date =February 10, 2012| url =http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/mary-ann-glendon-defends-romney-on-religious-freedom/ | accessdate =April 20, 2014 }}</ref> She also supported Romney's campaign in the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 presidential election]].<ref name=Slate/>
Glendon supported [[Mitt Romney]] in the [[2012 United States presidential election|2012 presidential election]].<ref name="Mary Ann Glendon defends Romney">{{Cite news | last =Bauman| first =Michelle| title =Mary Ann Glendon defends Romney on religious freedom | publisher =[[Catholic News Agency]] | date =February 10, 2012| url =https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/24277/mary-ann-glendon-defends-romney-on-religious-freedom | access-date =April 20, 2014 }}</ref> She also supported Romney's campaign in the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 presidential election]].<ref name="Slate">[[Emily Bazelon|Bazelon, Emily]] (November 26, 2007) [http://www.slate.com/id/2177688/pagenum/all/ On the Advice of Counsel], ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''</ref>


Glendon was a mentor of [[Mike Pompeo]], the incumbent [[United States Secretary of State]], when Pompeo was at Harvard Law School.<ref name="Pompeo Vows to Embrace Diplomacy, but Pledges Tougher Line on Russia
Glendon was a mentor of [[Mike Pompeo]], the former [[United States Secretary of State]], when Pompeo was at Harvard Law School.<ref name="Pompeo Vows to Embrace Diplomacy, but Pledges Tougher Line on Russia
">{{cite news | last =Harris| first =Gardiner| title =Pompeo Vows to Embrace Diplomacy, but Pledges Tougher Line on Russia | newspaper =[[The New York Times]] | date =April 11, 2018| url =https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/11/us/politics/pompeo-senate-secretary-of-state.html | accessdate =April 12, 2018 }}</ref>
">{{cite news | last =Harris| first =Gardiner| title =Pompeo Vows to Embrace Diplomacy, but Pledges Tougher Line on Russia | newspaper =[[The New York Times]] | date =April 11, 2018| url =https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/11/us/politics/pompeo-senate-secretary-of-state.html | accessdate =April 12, 2018 }}</ref>


Pompeo appointed Glendon as Chair of the newly-formed State Department's [[Commission on Unalienable Rights]] in July 2019 to re-examine the role of human rights in U.S. foreign policy.<ref>[https://www.c-span.org/video/?462382-1/secretary-mike-pompeo-sets-human-rights-commission C-span]</ref>
Pompeo appointed Glendon as Chair of the newly formed State Department's [[Commission on Unalienable Rights]] in July 2019 to re-examine the role of human rights in U.S. foreign policy.<ref>[https://www.c-span.org/video/?462382-1/secretary-mike-pompeo-sets-human-rights-commission C-span]</ref>


==Notre Dame controversy==
==Notre Dame controversy==
Glendon was selected by the [[University of Notre Dame]] as the 2009 recipient of the school's [[Laetare Medal]] but declined the award due to the university's decision to host [[Barack Obama]] as its commencement speaker and bestow upon him an honorary degree, which was seen as controversial by some.<ref name="controversy">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles_of_faith/2009/03/notre_dame_crit.html|title=Notre Dame criticized over Obama invite|last=Paulson|first=Michael|date=March 21, 2009|work=[[The Boston Globe]] |accessdate=June 1, 2009}}</ref><ref name="AP">{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/04/27/ex-vatican-ambassador-declines-medal-notre-dame-commencement-citing-obama/|title=Ex-Vatican Ambassador Declines Medal at Notre Dame Commencement, Citing Obama|date=April 27, 2009|work=[[Fox News Channel|Fox News]]|accessdate=May 30, 2009}}</ref> In light of Obama's [[pro-choice]] policies, Glendon considered Notre Dame's decision to be in violation of the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]]' 2004 pronouncement that Catholic institutions should not give "awards, honors, or platforms" to "those who act in defiance of [Catholic] fundamental moral principles."<ref name="letter">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstthings.com/blogs/firstthoughts/2009/04/27/declining-notre-dame-a-letter-from-mary-ann-glendon/|title=Declining Notre Dame: A Letter from Mary Ann Glendon|last=Glendon|first=Mary Ann|date=April 27, 2009|work=[[First Things]]|accessdate=May 30, 2009}}</ref> Glendon also felt that the university was implicitly trying to use her acceptance speech to give the appearance of balance to the event and expressed concern about the "ripple effect" Notre Dame's disregard of the USCCB pronouncement is having on the nation's other Catholic schools.<ref name="letter" />
Glendon was selected by the [[University of Notre Dame]] as the 2009 recipient of the school's [[Laetare Medal]] but declined the award due to the university's decision to host [[Barack Obama]] as its commencement speaker and bestow upon him an honorary degree, which was seen as controversial by some.<ref name="controversy">{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles_of_faith/2009/03/notre_dame_crit.html|title=Notre Dame criticized over Obama invite|last=Paulson|first=Michael|date=March 21, 2009|work=[[The Boston Globe]] |accessdate=June 1, 2009}}</ref><ref name="AP">{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/04/27/ex-vatican-ambassador-declines-medal-notre-dame-commencement-citing-obama/|title=Ex-Vatican Ambassador Declines Medal at Notre Dame Commencement, Citing Obama|date=April 27, 2009|work=[[Fox News Channel|Fox News]]|accessdate=May 30, 2009}}</ref> In light of Obama's [[pro-choice]] policies, Glendon considered Notre Dame's decision to be in violation of the [[United States Conference of Catholic Bishops]]' 2004 pronouncement that Catholic institutions should not give "awards, honors, or platforms" to "those who act in defiance of [Catholic] fundamental moral principles."<ref name="letter">{{cite web|url=http://www.firstthings.com/blogs/firstthoughts/2009/04/27/declining-notre-dame-a-letter-from-mary-ann-glendon/|title=Declining Notre Dame: A Letter from Mary Ann Glendon|last=Glendon|first=Mary Ann|date=April 27, 2009|work=[[First Things]]|accessdate=May 30, 2009}}</ref> Glendon also felt that the university was implicitly trying to use her acceptance speech to give the appearance of balance to the event and expressed concern about the "ripple effect" Notre Dame's disregard of the USCCB pronouncement is having on the nation's other Catholic schools.<ref name="letter" />

She received an award from the [[National Right to Life Committee]] at its Pro-Life Awards Dinner in October.<ref name=LifeNews05052009>{{Cite news| last =Ertelt| first =Steven | title =Pro-Life Harvard Prof Who Rejected Notre Dame Honor Will Get National Award | newspaper =Life News | date =May 5, 2009 | url =http://www.lifenews.com/2009/05/05/nat-5022/ | accessdate =April 20, 2014 }}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Line 81: Line 71:
|accessdate=March 25, 2014
|accessdate=March 25, 2014
}}</ref> Glendon has three daughters.<ref name="Globe12111996" />
}}</ref> Glendon has three daughters.<ref name="Globe12111996" />

==Quotes==
* What is clearly 'old-fashioned' today is the old feminism of the 1970s – with its negative attitudes toward men, marriage and motherhood, and its rigid party line on abortion.<ref>Steven Ertelt, [http://www.lifenews.com/int517.html "President Bush Nominates Pro-Life Law Professor as Vatican Ambassador"], ''Life News'', November 5, 2007</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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* [http://www.crisismagazine.com/1997/the-popes-new-feminism The Pope's New Feminism]. March 1, 1997.
* [http://www.crisismagazine.com/1997/the-popes-new-feminism The Pope's New Feminism]. March 1, 1997.
* [https://zenit.org/articles/mary-ann-glendon-on-the-reform-of-lay-catholics/ Ecclesia in America: Reform, Renewal and the Role of the Laity in a Time of Turbulence]. November 4, 2002.
* [https://zenit.org/articles/mary-ann-glendon-on-the-reform-of-lay-catholics/ Ecclesia in America: Reform, Renewal and the Role of the Laity in a Time of Turbulence]. November 4, 2002.
* {{C-SPAN|maryglendon}}
* {{C-SPAN|14481}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname= Mary Ann Glendon}}


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Latest revision as of 18:58, 11 August 2024

Mary Ann Glendon
Official portrait, 2008
United States Ambassador to the Holy See
In office
February 29, 2008 – January 19, 2009
PresidentGeorge W. Bush
Preceded byFrancis Rooney
Succeeded byMiguel Díaz
Personal details
Born (1938-10-07) October 7, 1938 (age 85)
Pittsfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
Political partyIndependent
EducationUniversity of Chicago (BA, JD, LLM)

Mary Ann Glendon (born October 7, 1938) is the Learned Hand Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and a former United States Ambassador to the Holy See. She teaches and writes on bioethics, comparative constitutional law, property, and human rights in international law.

Early life and education

[edit]

Glendon was raised in Dalton, Massachusetts. Her father, Martin Glendon, an Irish-Catholic Democrat, was a reporter for the Berkshire Eagle and also chaired the local board of selectmen.[1]

Glendon received her Bachelor of Arts, Juris Doctor, and Master of Comparative Law from the University of Chicago.[2]

Career

[edit]

Glendon practiced law in Chicago from 1963 to 1968. She became a professor at Boston College Law School in 1968 and began teaching at Harvard Law School in 1987.[3]

In 1995, she was the Vatican representative to the international 1995 Beijing Conference on Women sponsored by the United Nations, where she contested the use of condoms for the prevention of HIV and AIDS. At the time, Pope John Paul II issued a statement that "The Holy See in no way endorses contraception or the use of condoms, either as a family planning measure or in HIV/AIDS prevention programs."[4]

On November 4, 2002, in reference to the Boston Globe's Pulitzer Prize nomination for its coverage of sexual abuse by Catholic priests, Glendon told a conference of Catholics that "if fairness and accuracy have anything to do with it, awarding the Pulitzer Prize to the Boston Globe would be like giving the Nobel Peace Prize to Osama bin Laden."[5] In 2003 the Globe was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service for its coverage of the church scandals.[6]

President George W. Bush and Laura Bush stand with 2005 National Humanities Medal recipient Mary Ann Glendon.

Glendon was appointed by President Bush to the President's Council on Bioethics. Her nomination as United States Ambassador to the Holy See was announced on November 5, 2007.[7] The U.S. Senate voted to confirm her on December 19, 2007.[8] She presented her Letters of Credence to Pope Benedict XVI on February 29, 2008, and resigned her office effective January 19, 2009.[9]

On June 26, 2013, Pope Francis named Glendon a member of the Pontifical Commission of inquiry for the Institute for Works of Religion (IOR), which is also known as the Vatican Bank.[10] Glendon, two cardinals, a bishop, and a monsignor are responsible for preparing an investigative report on the Vatican Bank.[11][12] In July 2014 she was appointed to be a member of the board of the IOR.[13] Glendon resigned from the board in February 2018 saying that she wanted to devote more time to other Catholic causes.[14]

Glendon serves on the board of directors for First Things, an ecumenical conservative journal that encourages a religiously informed philosophy for the ordering of society.[15] She is also a board member of Blackstone Fellowship the Christian conservative legal training program run by Alliance Defending Freedom.[16]

On October 1, 2017, it was announced that Glendon would be the 2018 recipient of the Notre Dame Center for Ethics and Culture's Evangelium Vitae Medal.[17]

In 2024, she published a memoir, In the Courts of Three Popes: An American Lawyer and Diplomat in the Last Absolute Monarchy of the West.[18][19]

Politics

[edit]
Glendon delivers remarks to the press at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, D.C., on July 8, 2019.

During the 1960 presidential election, the first in which Glendon could vote, she cast her ballot for John F. Kennedy. For most of her early life she was a Democrat.[1]

Glendon supported Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential election.[20] She also supported Romney's campaign in the 2008 presidential election.[21]

Glendon was a mentor of Mike Pompeo, the former United States Secretary of State, when Pompeo was at Harvard Law School.[22]

Pompeo appointed Glendon as Chair of the newly formed State Department's Commission on Unalienable Rights in July 2019 to re-examine the role of human rights in U.S. foreign policy.[23]

Notre Dame controversy

[edit]

Glendon was selected by the University of Notre Dame as the 2009 recipient of the school's Laetare Medal but declined the award due to the university's decision to host Barack Obama as its commencement speaker and bestow upon him an honorary degree, which was seen as controversial by some.[24][25] In light of Obama's pro-choice policies, Glendon considered Notre Dame's decision to be in violation of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' 2004 pronouncement that Catholic institutions should not give "awards, honors, or platforms" to "those who act in defiance of [Catholic] fundamental moral principles."[26] Glendon also felt that the university was implicitly trying to use her acceptance speech to give the appearance of balance to the event and expressed concern about the "ripple effect" Notre Dame's disregard of the USCCB pronouncement is having on the nation's other Catholic schools.[26]

Personal life

[edit]

In 1964 Glendon contracted a civil marriage with an attorney and settled in Chicago. They divorced in 1966. In 1970 she married Edward R. Lev, a labor lawyer.[1] Glendon and Lev remained together until Lev's death in 2013.[27] Glendon has three daughters.[1]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Lehr, Dick (December 11, 1996). "Mary Ann Glendon:Writing her own party line". The Boston Globe. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
  2. ^ "Mary Ann Glendon, '61: High-Level Diplomacy", The Record, Fall 2008, archived from the original on April 21, 2014, retrieved April 20, 2014
  3. ^ "Mary Ann Glendon". National Endowment for the Humanities. 2005. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  4. ^ Holy See's Final Statement at Women's Conference in Beijing. Fourth World Conference on Women. Beijing. September 15, 1995. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  5. ^ France, David (2004). Our Fathers: The Secret Life Of The Catholic Church In An Age Of Scandal. New York: Random House: Broadway Books. p. 537. ISBN 9780767914062. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  6. ^ "Washington Post and Los Angeles Times Each Win Three Pulitzer Prizes". New York Times. April 8, 2003. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
  7. ^ "Bush picks anti-abortion Harvard professor to be Vatican ambassador". International Herald Tribune. Associated Press. November 5, 2007. Retrieved November 6, 2007.
  8. ^ Senate confirms Mary Ann Glendon as U.S. ambassador to Vatican Catholic News Service
  9. ^ Thavis, John (December 5, 2008). "Point of pride: Glendon glad to have served as Vatican ambassador". Catholic News Service. Archived from the original on October 5, 2009. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  10. ^ Pope sets up Pontifical Commission to study IOR reform. Vatican Radio (radio). Rome. June 26, 2013. 13 minutes in.
  11. ^ Pullella, Philip (June 26, 2013). "UPDATE 3-In bold move, Pope names commission to reform Vatican bank". Reuters.
  12. ^ "Pope Francis sets up commission to review Vatican bank". BBC News. June 26, 2013.
  13. ^ "New Economic Framework for the Holy See". Vatican Information Service. July 9, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  14. ^ Catholic News Agency, 16 February 2018
  15. ^ "Masthead". First Things. 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  16. ^ "Blackstone Legal Fellowship". Alliance Defending Freedom. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
  17. ^ Dame, Marketing Communications: Web // University of Notre (October 2017). "Mary Ann Glendon to receive 2018 Evangelium Vitae Medal". Notre Dame News. Retrieved August 15, 2019.
  18. ^ "In the Courts of Three Popes | Random House Publishing Group". Retrieved August 11, 2024.
  19. ^ "'A court with many lords and few ladies': Mary Ann Glendon on her experiences of sexism in the Vatican". America Magazine. August 9, 2024. Retrieved August 11, 2024.
  20. ^ Bauman, Michelle (February 10, 2012). "Mary Ann Glendon defends Romney on religious freedom". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved April 20, 2014.
  21. ^ Bazelon, Emily (November 26, 2007) On the Advice of Counsel, Slate
  22. ^ Harris, Gardiner (April 11, 2018). "Pompeo Vows to Embrace Diplomacy, but Pledges Tougher Line on Russia". The New York Times. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
  23. ^ C-span
  24. ^ Paulson, Michael (March 21, 2009). "Notre Dame criticized over Obama invite". The Boston Globe. Retrieved June 1, 2009.
  25. ^ "Ex-Vatican Ambassador Declines Medal at Notre Dame Commencement, Citing Obama". Fox News. April 27, 2009. Retrieved May 30, 2009.
  26. ^ a b Glendon, Mary Ann (April 27, 2009). "Declining Notre Dame: A Letter from Mary Ann Glendon". First Things. Retrieved May 30, 2009.
  27. ^ "Edward R. Lev". The Boston Globe. October 6, 2013. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
[edit]
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by United States Ambassador to the Holy See
2008–2009 		Succeeded by
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