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{{Short description|English writer and poet}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2016}}
<!--Some information on this page was copied from the Wikipedia pages for [[Mary Louisa Armitt]] and [[Sophia Armitt]], along with the relevant references; see these pages' histories for attribution.-->
<!--Some information on this page was copied from the Wikipedia pages for [[Mary Louisa Armitt]] and [[Sophia Armitt]], along with the relevant references; see these pages' histories for attribution.-->
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
|name = Annie Armitt
|name = Annie Armitt
|image = Annie_Armitt_novelist_of_Cumbria.jpg
|image = Annie Armitt.jpg
|image_size =
|image_size =
|caption =
|caption =
|birth_name = Annie Maria Armitt
|birth_name = Annie Maria Armitt
|nationality = British
|nationality = British
|birth_date = 1850
|birth_date = 1850
|birth_place =
|birth_place =
|death_date = {{death year and age|1933|1850}}
|death_date = {{death year and age|1933|1850}}
|death_place =
|death_place =
|other_names = A.M. Harris, Annie M. Harris
|other_names = A.M. Harris, Annie M. Harris
⚫
|spouse = Stanford Harris
|field = Author
⚫
|spouse = Stanford Harris
|}}
|}}
'''Annie Armitt''' (1850–1933) was a British novelist, poet, short story writer, and essayist. She was also one of the founders of a school in Eccles, England.
'''Annie Armitt''' (1850 – 30 November 1933)<ref>{{Cite book |title=Cumbria |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q9EMAQAAMAAJ |year=1959 |publisher=Dalesman Publishing Company |page=444}}</ref> was an English novelist, poet, short story writer, and essayist. She was also one of the founders of a school in Eccles, England.


==Biography==
==Early years==
Annie Maria Armitt was born in [[City of Salford|Salford]], England, in 1850, the middle of three gifted daughters of William and Mary Ann (Whalley) Armitt. The sisters were all well educated, and Armitt—who knew from an early age that she wanted to be a writer—studied English literature at Islington House Academy.<ref name=arm/> This academy was in [[City of Salford|Salford]] and it trained people to teach along [[Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi|Pestalozzian]] principles.<ref name=bangor/> Her older sister [[Sophia Armitt|Sophie]] took to botany and would later become a nature writer,<ref name=herb/> and her younger sister [[Mary Louisa Armitt|Mary Louisa]] (known as Louie) excelled at music and natural history and later wrote (mainly for periodicals) on topics ranging from ornithology to local history.<ref name=arm/><ref name=ARMITT1897/>
Annie Maria Armitt was born in [[City of Salford|Salford]], England, in 1850. She was the middle of three gifted daughters of William and Mary Ann (Whalley) Armitt.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ARMITT SISTERS {{!}} ARMITT MUSEUM AND LIBRARY |url=https://www.armitt.com/armitt-sisters/ |access-date=2022-08-20 |language=en-US}}</ref>
⚫
Armitt traveled to Paris in 1866 with Sophie to study French, but the following year her father died unexpectedly and she returned to England.<ref name=arm/> Armitt and her sisters then established a school at [[Eccles, Greater Manchester|Eccles]] in Lancashire.<ref name=arm/>


The sisters were all well educated. Armitt, who knew from an early age that she wanted to be a writer, studied English literature at Islington House Academy in [[City of Salford|Salford]],<ref name=arm/> which trained people to teach according to the [[Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi|Pestalozzian]] principles.<ref name=bangor/> Her older sister [[Sophia Armitt|Sophie]] took to botany and would later become a nature writer.<ref name=herb/> Her younger sister [[Mary Louisa Armitt|Mary Louisa]] (known as Louie) excelled at music and natural history. She later wrote (mainly for periodicals) on topics ranging from ornithology to local history.<ref name=arm/><ref name=ARMITT1897/>
⚫
In 1877, Armitt, married Stanford Harris, a physician, and the couple went to live near [[Hawkshead]]. Neither of them were well and the marriage was not happy.<ref name=arm/>


==Founding a school==
⚫
Armitt travelled to Paris in 1866 with Sophie to study French, but the following year her father died unexpectedly and she returned to England.<ref name=arm/> Armitt and her sisters then established a school in [[Eccles, Greater Manchester|Eccles]], Lancashire.<ref name=arm/>

⚫
In 1877, Armitt married Stanford Harris, a physician. The couple went to live near [[Hawkshead]], but neither of them was well and the marriage was unhappy.<ref name=arm/>

==Literary work==
Armitt published her first novel, ''The Garden at Monkholme,'' in 1878.<ref name=arm/> It was critically well received, with ''[[The Westminster Review]]'' praising it as "a new departure in fiction" for its focus on characters who were unattractive and for Armitt's ability to make drama out of commonplace events.<ref name=westminster/> Similarly, ''The Scottish Review'' admired it for Armitt's outstanding depiction of character.<ref name=scottish/> Her 1885 novel ''In Shallow Waters'' was praised for its compelling depiction of the self-sacrificing protagonist, Henry Dilworth.<ref name=spectator/> An excerpt from this novel gives a sense of Armitt's dry, [[Jane Austen|Austenian]] style at its best:
Armitt published her first novel, ''The Garden at Monkholme,'' in 1878.<ref name=arm/> It was critically well received, with ''[[The Westminster Review]]'' praising it as "a new departure in fiction" for its focus on characters who were unattractive and for Armitt's ability to make drama out of commonplace events.<ref name=westminster/> Similarly, ''The Scottish Review'' admired it for Armitt's outstanding depiction of character.<ref name=scottish/> Her 1885 novel ''In Shallow Waters'' was praised for its compelling depiction of the self-sacrificing protagonist, Henry Dilworth.<ref name=spectator/> An excerpt from this novel gives a sense of Armitt's dry, [[Jane Austen|Austenian]] style at its best:
:"She did not admire clever girls, and was never enthusiastic in her praise of good ones—those at least, who were specially marked out as such by their parochial visitations and love of week-day services...She was inclined to insinuate that any one who made a very visible application of herself to heavenly things must be drawn thereto by a lack of earthly prosperity."
:"She did not admire clever girls, and was never enthusiastic in her praise of good ones—those at least, who were specially marked out as such by their parochial visitations and love of week-day services...She was inclined to insinuate that any one who made a very visible application of herself to heavenly things must be drawn thereto by a lack of earthly prosperity."


Armitt also published poems, short stories, and essays, including a brief life of [[Mary Shelley]].<ref name=houghton/> The poet [[Robert Browning]] wrote that he was impressed by some of her poems.<ref name=arm/>
Armitt also published poems, short stories, and essays including a brief life of [[Mary Shelley]].<ref name=houghton/> The poet [[Robert Browning]] wrote that he was impressed by some of her poems.<ref name=arm/>


==Old age==
In 1882, Armitt's sisters came to live near Hawkshead in the town of [[Rydal, Cumbria|Rydal]], and after being widowed, Armitt joined them there in 1894. The sisters lived together until Sophie and Louie died in 1908 and 1911. Armitt survived her sisters by two decades, dying in 1933.<ref name=arm/>
In 1882, Armitt's sisters came to live near Hawkshead in the town of [[Rydal, Cumbria|Rydal]], and after being widowed, Armitt joined them there in 1894. The sisters lived together until Sophie and Louie died in 1908 and 1911. Armitt survived her sisters by two decades, dying in 1933.<ref name=arm/>


==Selected novels==
==Selected novels==
*''The Garden at Monkholme'' (1870)
*[https://archive.org/details/12624290.25298.emory.edu/page/n5/mode/2up ''The Garden at Monkholme''] (1870)
*''Man and His Relatives: A Question of Morality'' (1885)
*''Man and His Relatives: A Question of Morality'' (1885)
*''In Shallow Waters'' (1885)
*[https://archive.org/details/inshallowwaters00armigoog/page/n2/mode/2up ''In Shallow Waters''] (1885)


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist | 30em| refs=
{{Reflist|30em|refs=


<ref name=herb>[http://herbariaunited.org/wiki/Sophia_Armitt "Sophia Armitt"], Herbaria@home, Retrieved 11 November 2015</ref>
<ref name=herb>[http://herbariaunited.org/wiki/Sophia_Armitt "Sophia Armitt"], Herbaria@home, Retrieved 11 November 2015</ref>


<ref name=bangor>[http://e.bangor.ac.uk/4163/1/DX208664.pdf British Pestalozzism in the 19th century: Pestalozzi and his Influence on British Education], J.A.Bown, page 164, 1986, PhD thesis, Bangor University, Retrieved 29 November 2015</ref>
<ref name=bangor>[http://e.bangor.ac.uk/4163/1/DX208664.pdf British Pestalozzism in the 19th century: Pestalozzi and his Influence on British Education] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208091531/http://e.bangor.ac.uk/4163/1/DX208664.pdf |date=8 December 2015}}, J. A. Bown, p. 164, 1986, PhD thesis, Bangor University, Retrieved 29 November 2015.</ref>


<ref name=spectator>''The Spectator'', vol. 59. London: John Campbell, 1886, p. 457.</ref>
<ref name=spectator>''The Spectator'', vol. 59. London: John Campbell, 1886, p. 457.</ref>
Line 47: Line 54:
<ref name=houghton>Houghton, Walter E., ed. ''The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824–1900'' vol. 2. University of Toronto Press, 2006, p. 1165.</ref>
<ref name=houghton>Houghton, Walter E., ed. ''The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824–1900'' vol. 2. University of Toronto Press, 2006, p. 1165.</ref>


<ref name=scottish>"Current Fiction". ''The Scottish Review'', vol. 7 (January and April, 1886), pp. 118–120. </ref>
<ref name=scottish>"Current Fiction". ''The Scottish Review'', vol. 7 (January and April 1886), pp. 118–120.</ref>


<ref name=westminster>"Belles Lettres". ''Westminster Review'', vol. 125 (January and April, 1886), p. 592.</ref>
<ref name=westminster>"Belles Lettres". ''Westminster Review'', vol. 125 (January and April 1886), p. 592.</ref>


<ref name=arm>[http://armitt.com/armitt_website/armitt-sisters-armitt-museum-and-library-cumbria/ "Armitt sisters"]. Armitt Museum and Library website. Retrieved 28 November 2015.</ref>
<ref name=arm>[http://armitt.com/armitt_website/armitt-sisters-armitt-museum-and-library-cumbria/ "Armitt sisters"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204103812/http://armitt.com/armitt_website/armitt-sisters-armitt-museum-and-library-cumbria/ |date=4 December 2017 }}. Armitt Museum and Library website. Retrieved 28 November 2015.</ref>

⚫
<ref name=ARMITT1897>{{cite book|author=Mary Louisa Armitt|title=Studies of Lakeland Birds. &#91;Reprinted from the "Westmorland Gazette".&#93;.|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=oaLJnQEACAAJ|year=1897|publisher=Ambleside}}</ref>


⚫
<ref name=ARMITT1897>{{Cite book |author=Mary Louisa Armitt |title=Studies of Lakeland Birds. &#91;Reprinted from the "Westmorland Gazette".&#93; |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oaLJnQEACAAJ |year=1897 |publisher=Ambleside}}</ref>
}}
}}

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{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Armitt, Annie}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Armitt, Annie}}
[[Category:1850 births]]
[[Category:1850 births]]
[[Category:1933 deaths]]
[[Category:1933 deaths]]
[[Category:British writers]]
[[Category:English women writers]]
[[Category:People from Salford, Greater Manchester]]
[[Category:Writers from Salford]]
[[Category:People from Hawkshead]]

⚫
{{Authority control}}

Latest revision as of 09:30, 9 August 2024

Annie Armitt
Born
Annie Maria Armitt

1850
Died1933 (aged 82–83)
NationalityBritish
Other namesA.M. Harris, Annie M. Harris
SpouseStanford Harris

Annie Armitt (1850 – 30 November 1933)[1] was an English novelist, poet, short story writer, and essayist. She was also one of the founders of a school in Eccles, England.

Early years

[edit]

Annie Maria Armitt was born in Salford, England, in 1850. She was the middle of three gifted daughters of William and Mary Ann (Whalley) Armitt.[2]

The sisters were all well educated. Armitt, who knew from an early age that she wanted to be a writer, studied English literature at Islington House Academy in Salford,[3] which trained people to teach according to the Pestalozzian principles.[4] Her older sister Sophie took to botany and would later become a nature writer.[5] Her younger sister Mary Louisa (known as Louie) excelled at music and natural history. She later wrote (mainly for periodicals) on topics ranging from ornithology to local history.[3][6]

Founding a school

[edit]

Armitt travelled to Paris in 1866 with Sophie to study French, but the following year her father died unexpectedly and she returned to England.[3] Armitt and her sisters then established a school in Eccles, Lancashire.[3]

In 1877, Armitt married Stanford Harris, a physician. The couple went to live near Hawkshead, but neither of them was well and the marriage was unhappy.[3]

Literary work

[edit]

Armitt published her first novel, The Garden at Monkholme, in 1878.[3] It was critically well received, with The Westminster Review praising it as "a new departure in fiction" for its focus on characters who were unattractive and for Armitt's ability to make drama out of commonplace events.[7] Similarly, The Scottish Review admired it for Armitt's outstanding depiction of character.[8] Her 1885 novel In Shallow Waters was praised for its compelling depiction of the self-sacrificing protagonist, Henry Dilworth.[9] An excerpt from this novel gives a sense of Armitt's dry, Austenian style at its best:

"She did not admire clever girls, and was never enthusiastic in her praise of good ones—those at least, who were specially marked out as such by their parochial visitations and love of week-day services...She was inclined to insinuate that any one who made a very visible application of herself to heavenly things must be drawn thereto by a lack of earthly prosperity."

Armitt also published poems, short stories, and essays including a brief life of Mary Shelley.[10] The poet Robert Browning wrote that he was impressed by some of her poems.[3]

Old age

[edit]

In 1882, Armitt's sisters came to live near Hawkshead in the town of Rydal, and after being widowed, Armitt joined them there in 1894. The sisters lived together until Sophie and Louie died in 1908 and 1911. Armitt survived her sisters by two decades, dying in 1933.[3]

Selected novels

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Cumbria. Dalesman Publishing Company. 1959. p. 444.
  2. ^ "ARMITT SISTERS | ARMITT MUSEUM AND LIBRARY". Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "Armitt sisters" Archived 4 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Armitt Museum and Library website. Retrieved 28 November 2015.
  4. ^ British Pestalozzism in the 19th century: Pestalozzi and his Influence on British Education Archived 8 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine, J. A. Bown, p. 164, 1986, PhD thesis, Bangor University, Retrieved 29 November 2015.
  5. ^ "Sophia Armitt", Herbaria@home, Retrieved 11 November 2015
  6. ^ Mary Louisa Armitt (1897). Studies of Lakeland Birds. [Reprinted from the "Westmorland Gazette".]. Ambleside.
  7. ^ "Belles Lettres". Westminster Review, vol. 125 (January and April 1886), p. 592.
  8. ^ "Current Fiction". The Scottish Review, vol. 7 (January and April 1886), pp. 118–120.
  9. ^ The Spectator, vol. 59. London: John Campbell, 1886, p. 457.
  10. ^ Houghton, Walter E., ed. The Wellesley Index to Victorian Periodicals 1824–1900 vol. 2. University of Toronto Press, 2006, p. 1165.
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