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{{Short description|American football player and coach (1933–2013)}}
{{Short description|American football player and coach (1933–2013)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox college coach
{{Infobox college coach
| name = Chuck Fairbanks
| name = Chuck Fairbanks
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As player:
As player:
* [[College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS|National champion]] ([[1952 Michigan State Spartans football team|1952]])
* [[College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS|National champion]] ([[1952 Michigan State Spartans football team|1952]])
| awards = [[Sporting News College Football Coach of the Year|Sporting News College Football COY]] (1971)<br>[[New England Patriots|New England Patriots All-1970s Team]]
| awards = [[Sporting News College Football Coach of the Year|Sporting News College Football COY]] (1971)<br>[[New England Patriots|New England Patriots All-1970s Team]]<br>[[Big Eight Conference football#Coach of the Year|Big Eight Coach of the Year]] (1967)
| coaching_records =
| coaching_records =
}}
}}
'''Charles Leo Fairbanks''' (June 10, 1933 – April 2, 2013) was an [[American football]] coach who was a head coach at the [[high school football|high school]], [[college football|college]] and professional levels. He served as the head coach at the [[University of Oklahoma]] from 1967 to 1972 and at the [[University of Colorado]] from 1979 to 1981, compiling a career college record of {{winning percentage|59|41|1|record=y}}. Fairbanks was also the head coach for the [[New England Patriots]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL) from 1973 to 1978, amassing a record of {{winning percentage|46|41|record=y}}, and for the [[New Jersey Generals]] of the [[United States Football League]] (USFL) in 1983, tallying a mark of 6–12.
'''Charles Leo Fairbanks''' (June 10, 1933 – April 2, 2013) was an [[American football]] coach who was a head coach at the [[high school football|high school]], [[college football|college]] and professional levels. He served as the head coach at the [[University of Oklahoma]] from 1967 to 1972 and at the [[University of Colorado]] from 1979 to 1981, compiling a career college record of {{winning percentage|59|41|1|record=y}}. Fairbanks was also the head coach for the [[New England Patriots]] of the [[National Football League]] (NFL) from 1973 to 1978, amassing a record of {{winning percentage|46|41|record=y}}, and for the [[New Jersey Generals]] of the [[United States Football League]] (USFL) in 1983, tallying a mark of 6–12.


==Early career==
==Early life==
Born in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]],<ref name=nytobcf>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/03/sports/football/chuck-fairbanks-fitful-football-coach-dies-at-79.html|newspaper=The New York Times|last=Weber|first=Bruce |title=Chuck Fairbanks, a fitful football coach, dies at 79 |date=April 2, 2013|access-date=April 3, 2013}}</ref> Fairbanks graduated from [[Charlevoix, Michigan|Charlevoix]] High School in 1951 and [[Michigan State University]] in 1955, following three years of varsity football with the [[1954 Michigan State Spartans football team|Spartans]] under head coaches [[Clarence Munn|Biggie Munn]] and [[Duffy Daugherty]]. That fall, he began the first of three years as head coach of [[Ishpeming, Michigan|Ishpeming]] High School in [[Michigan]]'s [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan|Upper Peninsula]].
Born in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]],<ref name=nytobcf>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/03/sports/football/chuck-fairbanks-fitful-football-coach-dies-at-79.html|newspaper=The New York Times|last=Weber|first=Bruce |title=Chuck Fairbanks, a fitful football coach, dies at 79 |date=April 2, 2013|access-date=April 3, 2013}}</ref> Fairbanks graduated from [[Charlevoix, Michigan|Charlevoix]] High School in 1951 and [[Michigan State University]] in 1955, following three years of varsity football with the [[1954 Michigan State Spartans football team|Spartans]] under head coaches [[Clarence Munn|Biggie Munn]] and [[Duffy Daugherty]]. That fall, he began the first of three years as head coach of [[Ishpeming, Michigan|Ishpeming]] High School in [[Michigan]]'s [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan|Upper Peninsula]].


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Over the next six years, Fairbanks led Oklahoma to three [[Big Eight Conference]] titles, with 11–1 records in each of his final two seasons. Three months after his mid-contract departure to the [[1973 New England Patriots season|New England Patriots]] of the NFL, Oklahoma was forced to forfeit nine games from the [[1972 Oklahoma Sooners football team|1972 season]] after evidence of recruiting violations involving altered transcripts of student-athletes surfaced. Fairbanks denied any knowledge of this. The scandal under his watch made Sooners ineligible for bowl games or the UPI [[College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS|national championship]] for two years after he left.
Over the next six years, Fairbanks led Oklahoma to three [[Big Eight Conference]] titles, with 11–1 records in each of his final two seasons. Three months after his mid-contract departure to the [[1973 New England Patriots season|New England Patriots]] of the NFL, Oklahoma was forced to forfeit nine games from the [[1972 Oklahoma Sooners football team|1972 season]] after evidence of recruiting violations involving altered transcripts of student-athletes surfaced. Fairbanks denied any knowledge of this. The scandal under his watch made Sooners ineligible for bowl games or the UPI [[College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS|national championship]] for two years after he left.


After Fairbanks' departure from Oklahoma, his successor, [[Barry Switzer]], won national titles in [[1974 Oklahoma Sooners football team|1974]] and [[1975 Oklahoma Sooners football team|1975]] with teams that were still on NCAA probation. Oklahoma claimed the national title in 1974 despite not being allowed to participate in a bowl game, and repeated in 1975 without a television appearance.<ref>{{Cite news|last=White Jr.|first=Gordon S.|date=April 19, 1973|title=Oklahoma Agrees To Forfeit Games|page=57|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/04/19/archives/oklahoma-agrees-to-forfeit-games-gives-up-eight-victories-in.html}}</ref>
After Fairbanks' departure from Oklahoma, his successor, [[Barry Switzer]] (coincidentally, Switzer interviewed for the vacant Michigan State head coaching position before Fairbanks departed Norman), won national titles in [[1974 Oklahoma Sooners football team|1974]] and [[1975 Oklahoma Sooners football team|1975]] with teams that were still on NCAA probation. Oklahoma claimed the national title in 1974 despite not being allowed to participate in a bowl game, and repeated in 1975 without a television appearance.<ref>{{Cite news|last=White Jr.|first=Gordon S.|date=April 19, 1973|title=Oklahoma Agrees To Forfeit Games|page=57|work=New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/04/19/archives/oklahoma-agrees-to-forfeit-games-gives-up-eight-victories-in.html}}</ref>


==NFL==
==NFL==

Revision as of 00:39, 5 August 2024

Chuck Fairbanks
Biographical details
Born(1933-06-10)June 10, 1933
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
DiedApril 2, 2013(2013-04-02) (aged 79)
Scottsdale, Arizona, U.S.
Playing career
1952–1954Michigan State
Coaching career (HC unless noted)
1955–1957Ishpeming HS (MI)
1958–1961Arizona State (assistant)
1962–1965Houston (assistant)
1966Oklahoma (DB)
1967–1972Oklahoma
1973–1978New England Patriots
1979–1981Colorado
1983New Jersey Generals
Head coaching record
Overall59–41–1 (college)
46–40 (NFL)
6–12 (USFL)
Bowls3–1–1
Accomplishments and honors
Championships
As coach:
  • 3 Big 8 (1967–1968, 1972)

As player:

Awards
Sporting News College Football COY (1971)
New England Patriots All-1970s Team
Big Eight Coach of the Year (1967)

Charles Leo Fairbanks (June 10, 1933 – April 2, 2013) was an American football coach who was a head coach at the high school, college and professional levels. He served as the head coach at the University of Oklahoma from 1967 to 1972 and at the University of Colorado from 1979 to 1981, compiling a career college record of 59–41–1 (.589). Fairbanks was also the head coach for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL) from 1973 to 1978, amassing a record of 46–41 (.529), and for the New Jersey Generals of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1983, tallying a mark of 6–12.

Early life

Born in Detroit, Michigan,[1] Fairbanks graduated from Charlevoix High School in 1951 and Michigan State University in 1955, following three years of varsity football with the Spartans under head coaches Biggie Munn and Duffy Daugherty. That fall, he began the first of three years as head coach of Ishpeming High School in Michigan's Upper Peninsula.

College assistant

In 1958, he accepted an assistant coaching position at Arizona State University in Tempe, spending four years there under former Spartan teammate Frank Kush before moving on for another four-year stint at the University of Houston under Bill Yeoman from 1962 to 1965. In 1966, he accepted an assistant coaching position at the University of Oklahoma in Norman.

Head coach

Following the unexpected death of 37-year-old Sooner head coach Jim Mackenzie in April 1967,[2] Fairbanks was promoted to head coach four days later at age 33. He had nearly left for another assistant position at Missouri under Dan Devine, but decided to stay in Norman when Mackenzie moved him to offensive coordinator after the 1966 season.[3]

Over the next six years, Fairbanks led Oklahoma to three Big Eight Conference titles, with 11–1 records in each of his final two seasons. Three months after his mid-contract departure to the New England Patriots of the NFL, Oklahoma was forced to forfeit nine games from the 1972 season after evidence of recruiting violations involving altered transcripts of student-athletes surfaced. Fairbanks denied any knowledge of this. The scandal under his watch made Sooners ineligible for bowl games or the UPI national championship for two years after he left.

After Fairbanks' departure from Oklahoma, his successor, Barry Switzer (coincidentally, Switzer interviewed for the vacant Michigan State head coaching position before Fairbanks departed Norman), won national titles in 1974 and 1975 with teams that were still on NCAA probation. Oklahoma claimed the national title in 1974 despite not being allowed to participate in a bowl game, and repeated in 1975 without a television appearance.[4]

NFL

On January 26, 1973, Fairbanks was named head coach of the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). His first NFL draft that year included John Hannah, Sam Cunningham, Ray Hamilton, and Darryl Stingley, the first of a solid run of drafts through Fairbanks' tenure with the team. After the Patriots went 5–9 in his first year, the 1974 season was marred by a league-wide players' strike during training camp and preseason, which actually helped the Patriots as Fairbanks and defensive coordinator Hank Bullough were installing a new system (today known as the Fairbanks-Bullough 3–4, or the 3–4 two-gap system). They got a lot done because so many players who were not part of the NFL Players' Association, and eighteen first-year players made the roster.[5] The Patriots stormed to a 6–1 start before other teams caught up with them and they finished 7–7.

Fairbanks then had a falling-out with quarterback Jim Plunkett, who was traded (in April 1976) for important draft picks to San Francisco,[6] and suffered when hardball negotiating tactics by Patriot ownership led to a team-wide player strike that cancelled a preseason game with the New York Jets.[7] The team never recovered and fell to 3–11 in 1975, but Fairbanks planted an important seed for the future by drafting quarterback Steve Grogan, who saw his first serious game action later that year.

With Grogan at quarterback, Fairbanks' Patriots erupted to 11–3 in 1976, a reversal of the 3–11 mark from the year before, and traveled to meet the 13–1 Oakland Raiders in the first round of the NFL playoffs. It was the franchise's second postseason berth and their first since the AFL-NFL merger; the other was thirteen years earlier in 1963. The game was a rematch of the Raiders' only loss in 1976, a 48–17 blowout win for the Patriots in Foxboro on October 3.[8][9][10] New England entered the fourth quarter with a 21–10 lead, but a controversial roughing-the-passer call on defensive end Ray Hamilton by referee Ben Dreith wiped out a late incompletion by the Raiders,[11] and quarterback Ken Stabler's dive into the endzone with eight seconds left gave Oakland a 24–21 comeback victory.[12][13] Although Dreith insisted after the game that he had to call the penalty because he saw Hamilton hit Stabler on the head, replays showed that "Sugar Bear" had made no illegal contact. The call was condemned for years thereafter, and remained a bitter memory for the Patriots as the Raiders went on to win Super Bowl XI over the Minnesota Vikings. After the season, offensive line coach Red Miller became the head coach of the Denver Broncos.[14][15]

In 1977, contract squabbles between the Sullivan family and offensive linemen John Hannah and Leon Gray led to discord within the team. The incident soured Fairbanks on Chuck Sullivan, who as the eldest son of team owner Billy Sullivan controlled the team's finances and had forced Fairbanks to renege on his proposed contracts with Hannah and Gray. Denied Fairbanks' promised contract by the ownership team, Hannah later contended that the Sullivans "took Chuck's authority away and turned him into a liar."[16] The Patriots narrowly missed making the playoffs on the last weekend of the regular season, while Miller's Broncos advanced to Super Bowl XII.

The following year in 1978, tragedy struck during the preseason as Stingley suffered paralysis following a violent hit by Raiders' safety Jack Tatum at Oakland on August 12.[17][18] Fairbanks had worked out a contract extension with Stingley before the game, but the following Monday Chuck Sullivan reneged on the deal. Fairbanks was livid and resolved to leave the team after the season.

The Patriots raced to an 11–4 record and won the AFC East title, and seemed poised to challenge for a Super Bowl berth. Hours prior to the final regular season game (on Monday night), Sullivan suspended Fairbanks for breaking his contract by agreeing to become head coach for the University of Colorado.[19] Fairbanks was reinstated a few days later,[20] well ahead of their divisional round playoff game (and the franchise's first home playoff game), but the second-seeded Patriots were upset 31–14 by superstar running back Earl Campbell and the fifth-seed Houston Oilers.[21][22]

New England sued Fairbanks for breach of contract. During discovery for the suit, he admitted recruiting for Colorado while still working for the Patriots, who won an injunction preventing him from leaving. But on April 2, 1979, a group of CU boosters (Flatirons Club) bought out his contract, making it possible for him to leave the Patriots.[23][24][25] Paul Zimmerman, Sports Illustrated's dean of professional football writers, speculated that the animus surrounding Fairbanks' departure from New England stemmed from the fact that, unlike the late-season departure of New York Jets coach Lou Holtz for Arkansas in 1976, "no one" felt Fairbanks "was a really nice guy."[26]

Return to collegiate ranks

The legal battle to make Fairbanks the Buffaloes' head coach proved not be worth the effort when he compiled a dismal 7–26 record (.212) in three seasons for Colorado (3–8, 1–10, 3–8). His second game with the Buffaloes, a 44–0 loss at home to LSU,[27] was a portent of things to come. By contrast, his predecessor's worst record was 5–6 in his first season.[28] His time at CU was tumultuous period for the football and athletic program, headed by former head coach Eddie Crowder.[25][29]

Fairbanks has been routinely and incorrectly credited for the unpopular color switch from black to sky blue jerseys[28][30] in 1981, his final season in Boulder. The color change was mandated by CU's board of regents to reflect "the Colorado sky at nine thousand feet (2,700 m)," but did not win fan support. (The school's official colors are silver and gold, and the CU teams traditionally wore black and gold since 1959.) A darker shade of blue was introduced in 1984, but black jerseys were restored for the Oklahoma and Nebraska games in Boulder, and for all home games starting in 1985.[31]

The Buffalo program sank so low under Fairbanks that his successor, Bill McCartney, posted records of 2–8–1, 4–7 and 1–10 in his first three seasons before finally getting Colorado back on track. McCartney's tenure crested with an 11–0 regular season in 1989 and the Associated Press national championship the next season, burying Fairbanks' disastrous tenure once and for all.

USFL

Fairbanks resigned from CU on June 1, 1982, to become president and head coach of the New Jersey Generals of the fledgling United States Football League (USFL). Majority owner J. Walter Duncan also sold Fairbanks a 10 percent stake in the team.[32][33][34][35][36]

Even before coaching his first game in the new league, Fairbanks once again found himself immersed in controversy. Georgia junior Herschel Walker, the reigning Heisman Trophy winner, signed with the Generals on February 23, 1983.

His time in New Jersey, like his tenure at Colorado, was met with little success on the field as the Generals finished the 1983 season at 6–12. His departure from the Generals was a result of Donald Trump's purchase of complete control of the franchise from Fairbanks and majority owner J. Walter Duncan on September 22, 1983,[36][37] and was succeeded at head coach by Walt Michaels.[38] The innovative but scandal-marred Fairbanks never coached again, either collegiately or professionally; he moved on to real estate and golf course development, creating PGA West and launching many other successful California and Arizona ventures.

Legacy

Fairbanks' schemes have influenced the New England Patriots (under head coach Bill Belichick).

In a 2007 press conference, Belichick said the following of Fairbanks: "I think Chuck has had a tremendous influence on the league as well as this organization in terms of nomenclature and terminology and those kinds of things. I'm sure Chuck could walk in and look at our playbook and probably 80 percent of the plays are the same terminology that he used – whether it be formations or coverages or pass protections. We were sitting there talking yesterday and he was saying, 'How much 60 protection are you guys using? How much 80 are you using?' All of the stuff that was really the fundamentals of his system are still in place here even, again, to the way we call formations and plays and coverages and some of our individual calls within a call, a certain adjustment or things that Red (Miller) and Hank (Bullough) and Ron (Erhardt) and those guys used when they were here."[39]

Death

Fairbanks died at age 79 from brain cancer on April 2, 2013.[1][28][40]

Head coaching record

College

Year Team Overall Conference Standing Bowl/playoffs Coaches# AP°
Oklahoma Sooners (Big Eight Conference) (1967–1972)
1967 Oklahoma 10–1 7–0 1st W Orange 3 3
1968 Oklahoma 7–4 6–1 1st L Astro-Bluebonnet 10 11
1969 Oklahoma 6–4 4–3 4th
1970 Oklahoma 7–4–1 5–2 T–2nd T Astro-Bluebonnet 15 20
1971 Oklahoma 11–1 6–1 2nd W Sugar 3 2
1972 Oklahoma 11–1 6–1 1st W Sugar 2 2
Oklahoma: 52–15–1 34–8
Colorado Buffaloes (Big Eight Conference) (1979–1981)
1979 Colorado 3–8 2–5 T–5th
1980 Colorado 1–10 1–6 T–7th
1981 Colorado 3–8 2–5 7th
Colorado: 7–26 5–16
Total: 59–41–1
      National championship         Conference title         Conference division title or championship game berth

NFL

Team Year Regular Season Post Season
Won Lost Ties Win % Finish Won Lost Win % Result
NE 1973 5 9 0 .357 3rd in AFC East – – – –
NE 1974 7 7 0 .500 3rd in AFC East – – – –
NE 1975 3 11 0 .214 5th in AFC East – – – –
NE 1976 11 3 0 .786 2nd in AFC East 0 1 .000 Lost to Oakland Raiders in AFC Divisional Game
NE 1977 9 5 0 .643 3rd in AFC East – – – –
NE 1978 11 4 0 .733 1st in AFC East 0 1 .000 Lost to Houston Oilers in AFC Divisional Game
NE Total 46 39 0 .541 0 2 .000
Total 46 39 0 .541 0 2 .000

[41]

USFL

Team Year Regular Season Post Season
Won Lost Ties Win % Finish Won Lost Win % Result
NJG 1983 6 12 0 .333 3rd in Atlantic – – – –
NJG Total 6 12 0 .333
Total 6 12 0 .333

References

  1. ^ a b Weber, Bruce (April 2, 2013). "Chuck Fairbanks, a fitful football coach, dies at 79". The New York Times. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
  2. ^ "Sooner coach dies at 37". Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. April 28, 1967. p. 3B.
  3. ^ "Oklahoma names Chuck Fairbanks". News and Courier. Charleston, South Carolina. Associated Press. May 3, 1967. p. 1-C. Archived from the original on May 26, 2020. Retrieved October 10, 2015.
  4. ^ White Jr., Gordon S. (April 19, 1973). "Oklahoma Agrees To Forfeit Games". New York Times. p. 57.
  5. ^ The New England Patriots: Triumph & Tragedy (New York: Atheneum, 1979) by Larry Fox, pp. 199-201
  6. ^ "SF super bowl hopes centered on Plunkett". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). Associated Press. April 6, 1976. p. 2C.
  7. ^ Tales From The Patriots Sideline (Illinois: Sports Publishing LLC, 2006) by Michael Felger, p. 105
  8. ^ Heaney, Joe (October 4, 1976). "Patriots shock Raiders, football world". Nashua Telegraph. (New Hampshire). p. 21.
  9. ^ "Pats making 'em forget Sox". The Day. (New London, Connecticut). Associated Press. October 4, 1976. p. 25.
  10. ^ "Oakland Raiders at New England Patriots - October 3rd, 1976". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
  11. ^ "Patriot denies roughing". Pittsburgh Press. UPI. December 19, 1976. p. D2.
  12. ^ "Raiders burn Pats 24-21, play next week for AFC title". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). Associated Press. December 19, 1976. p. D1.
  13. ^ "Leave it to 'Snake' – Raiders do, 24-21". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). Associated Press. December 19, 1976. p. 3C.
  14. ^ "Broncs select Miller to succeed Ralston". Spokane Daily Chronicle. (Washington). Associated Press. February 1, 1977. p. 24.
  15. ^ "Broncos pick Miller". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). wire services. February 2, 1977. p. 5B.
  16. ^ Tales from the Patriots' Sideline, p. 46
  17. ^ "Stingley report brightens". Toledo Blade. (Ohio). Associated Press. August 14, 1978. p. 14.
  18. ^ "Stingley suffering paralysis". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). Associated Press. August 15, 1978. p. 17.
  19. ^ "Fairbanks tried to stay for duration". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). wire service reports. December 19, 1978. p. 1B.
  20. ^ "Fairbanks returns for playoffs". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). Associated Press. December 21, 1978. p. 3C.
  21. ^ "Oilers hit the gusher in Foxboro". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). Associated Press. January 1, 1979. p. 1C.
  22. ^ Marshall, Joe (January 8, 1979). "A wise investment". Sports Illustrated. p. 16.
  23. ^ "Fairbanks given release to coach Colorado Buffs". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. April 3, 1979. p. 13.
  24. ^ Braude, Dick (April 3, 1979). "Patriots release Chuck Fairbanks". The Day. (New London, Connecticut). Associated Press. p. 28.
  25. ^ a b Nack, William (October 8, 1979). "Rocky start in the Rockies". Sports Illustrated. p. 80.
  26. ^ "SI.com – A lack of institutional control". CNN. December 14, 2007.
  27. ^ "Woodley, LSU belt Buffs. 44-0". Lawrence Daily Journal-World. (Kansas). Associated Press. September 16, 1979. p. 2B.
  28. ^ a b c Thorburn, Ryan (April 2, 2013). "Football: Former CU Buffs coach Chuck Fairbanks dies at 79". Boulder Daily Camera. Buffzone.com. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
  29. ^ Looney, Douglas S. (October 6, 1980). "There ain't no more gold in them thar hills". Sports Illustrated. p. 30.
  30. ^ McCallum, Jack (October 11, 1982). "UCLA now stands for Uncork Lots Of Aerials". Sports Illustrated. p. 32.
  31. ^ David Plati (June 2, 2007). "CU Unveils New Football Uniforms". Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved June 19, 2007.
  32. ^ "Fairbanks quits Buffs for new pro league". Eugene Register-Guard. (Oregon). wire service reports. June 2, 1982. p. 2D.
  33. ^ "Fairbanks leaves CU for N.Y." The Bulletin. (Bend, Oregon). UPI. June 2, 1982. p. D3.
  34. ^ "Former CU Football Coach Chuck Fairbanks Passes Away". University of Colorado Athletics. April 2, 2013. Retrieved September 27, 2018.
  35. ^ Zimmerman, Paul (March 7, 1983). "A new round of Star Wars?". Sports Illustrated. p. 40.
  36. ^ a b Goldaper, Sam. "Generals Are Sold to Trump," The New York Times, Friday, September 23, 1983. Retrieved September 27, 2018
  37. ^ "Walker might help choose Generals' next head coach". The Day. (New London, Connecticut). Associated Press. September 23, 1983. p. 28.
  38. ^ Boyle, Robert H. (February 13, 1984). "The USFL's Trump card". Sports Illustrated. p. 53.
  39. ^ 10/12/2007 Belichick Press Conference Archived January 11, 2011, at the Wayback Machine New England Patriots Website.
  40. ^ Trammel, Berry (April 2, 2013). "Oklahoma football: Sooner coaching legend Chuck Fairbanks dies at age 79". The Oklahoman. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
  41. ^ "Chuck Fairbanks Record, Statistics, and Category Ranks - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
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