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| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1937|02|02}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1937|02|02}}
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]
| field = [[Particle physics]]
| field = [[Particle physics]]<br>[[Quantum field theory]]<br> [[Mathematical physics]]
| work_institutions = [[University of Rochester]] <br> [[Imperial College London]] <br> [[American University of Beirut]] <br> [[International Centre for Theoretical Physics]] <br> [[Aspen Center for Physics]]
| work_institutions = [[University of Rochester]] <br> [[Imperial College London]] <br> [[American University of Beirut]] <br> [[International Centre for Theoretical Physics]] <br> [[Aspen Center for Physics]]
| alma_mater = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]], [[Master of Science|MS]], [[PhD]]) <br> [[Luther High School North|Luther North High School - Chicago]]
| alma_mater = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]], [[Master of Science|MS]], [[PhD]]) <br> [[Luther High School North]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[Kenneth Alan Johnson]], [[MIT]]<ref>[https://news.mit.edu/1999/johnson "Professor Kenneth A. Johnson dies at 67; taught physics at MIT for 40 years." MIT News (February 12, 1999)]</ref>
| doctoral_advisor = [[Kenneth Alan Johnson]], [[MIT]]<ref>[https://news.mit.edu/1999/johnson "Professor Kenneth A. Johnson dies at 67; taught physics at MIT for 40 years." MIT News (February 12, 1999)]</ref>
| known_for = [[Quantum field theory]], [[Standard Model]], [[Spontaneous symmetry breaking|Symmetry breaking]], [[Higgs boson]], [[Higgs mechanism]], [[Galilean invariance|Galilean relativity]], [[Special relativity]], [[Chern–Simons field theory|Chern–Simons]], [[Aharonov–Bohm effect]], [[Casimir effect]], [[Mathematical physics]]
| known_for = [[Spontaneous symmetry breaking|Symmetry breaking]]<br>[[Higgs boson]]<br>[[Higgs mechanism]]<br>[[Higher-spin theory]]
| prizes = [[Sakurai Prize]] (2010), [[American Physical Society|APS]] Fellow
| prizes = [[Sakurai Prize]] (2010), [[American Physical Society|APS]] Fellow
<!--| religion = [[Lutheran]]-->
<!--| religion = [[Lutheran]]-->
}}
}}
'''Carl Richard Hagen''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ei|g|ə|n}}; born 2 February 1937) is a [[professor]] of [[particle physics]] at the [[University of Rochester]]. He is most noted for his contributions to the [[Standard Model]] and [[Spontaneous symmetry breaking|Symmetry breaking]] as well as the 1964 co-discovery of the [[Higgs mechanism]] and [[Higgs boson]] with [[Gerald Guralnik]] and [[Tom Kibble]] (GHK).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Guralnik | first1 = G. | last2 = Hagen | first2 = C. | last3 = Kibble | first3 = T. | year = 1964 | title = Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles | url = http://www.rochester.edu/news/hagen/PhysRevLett.13.585.pdf | journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] | volume = 13 | issue = 20| pages = 585–587 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.585 | bibcode=1964PhRvL..13..585G | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=The History of the Guralnik, Hagen and Kibble development of the Theory of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Gauge Particles | journal=International Journal of Modern Physics | volume=A24 | year=2009 | pages=2601–2627 | arxiv=0907.3466 | doi=10.1142/S0217751X09045431 | last1=Guralnik | first1=Gerald S.|bibcode = 2009IJMPA..24.2601G | issue=14 | s2cid=16298371 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EP/guralnik_ap_2_567_67.pdf |title=Guralnik, G S; Hagen, C R and Kibble, T W B (1967). Broken Symmetries and the Goldstone Theorem. Advances in Physics, vol. 2 |access-date=2014-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924072804/http://www.physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EP/guralnik_ap_2_567_67.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/50565 "4 July 2012: A Day to Remember," CERN Courier, 23 August 2012]</ref> As part of [[Physical Review Letters]] 50th anniversary celebration, the journal recognized this discovery as one of the milestone [[1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers|papers]] in PRL history.<ref>[http://prl.aps.org/50years/milestones#1964 Physical Review Letters - 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers]</ref> While widely considered to have authored the most complete of the [[1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers|early papers]] on the Higgs theory, GHK were [[Nobel Prize controversies#Physics|controversially]] not included in the 2013 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]].<ref>[http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/updates/nobel13.cfm APS News - 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics and Landmark Papers in PRL History(October 8, 2013)]</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/peter-higgs-francois-englert-win-nobel-prize-in-physics/2013/10/08/1d96aa72-2f98-11e3-8906-3daa2bcde110_story.html "Nobel committee’s 'Rule of Three’ means some Higgs boson scientists were left out." Washington Post (October 8, 2013)]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21587771 "The 2013 Nobel prizes. Higgs’s bosuns." Economist (October 12, 2013)]</ref><ref>[https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/10/economist-explains-8 "Why are some scientists unhappy with the Nobel prizes?" Economist (October 9, 2013)]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21548911 "House of dreams. Scientists race to explain why the Higgs boson matters." Economist (March 3, 2012)]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = 1401.6924|bibcode = 2014MPLA...2950046G|title = Where have all the Goldstone bosons gone?|journal = Modern Physics Letters A|volume = 29|issue = 9|pages = 1450046|last1 = Guralnik|first1 = G. S|last2 = Hagen|first2 = C. R|year = 2014|doi = 10.1142/S0217732314500461|s2cid = 119257339}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
'''Carl Richard Hagen''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ei|g|ə|n}}; born 2 February 1937) is a [[professor]] of [[particle physics]] at the [[University of Rochester]]. He is most noted for his contributions to the [[Standard Model]] and [[Spontaneous symmetry breaking|Symmetry breaking]] as well as the 1964 co-discovery of the [[Higgs mechanism]] and [[Higgs boson]] with [[Gerald Guralnik]] and [[Tom Kibble]] (GHK).<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Guralnik | first1 = G. | last2 = Hagen | first2 = C. | last3 = Kibble | first3 = T. | year = 1964 | title = Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles | journal = [[Physical Review Letters]] | volume = 13 | issue = 20 | pages = 585–587 | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.585 | bibcode = 1964PhRvL..13..585G | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=The History of the Guralnik, Hagen and Kibble development of the Theory of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Gauge Particles | journal=International Journal of Modern Physics | volume=A24 | year=2009 | pages=2601–2627 | arxiv=0907.3466 | doi=10.1142/S0217751X09045431 | last1=Guralnik | first1=Gerald S.|bibcode = 2009IJMPA..24.2601G | issue=14 | s2cid=16298371 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EP/guralnik_ap_2_567_67.pdf |title=Guralnik, G S; Hagen, C R and Kibble, T W B (1967). Broken Symmetries and the Goldstone Theorem. Advances in Physics, vol. 2 |access-date=2014-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924072804/http://www.physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EP/guralnik_ap_2_567_67.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/50565 "4 July 2012: A Day to Remember," CERN Courier, 23 August 2012]</ref> As part of [[Physical Review Letters]] 50th anniversary celebration, the journal recognized this discovery as one of the milestone [[1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers|papers]] in PRL history.<ref>[http://prl.aps.org/50years/milestones#1964 Physical Review Letters - 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers]</ref> While widely considered to have authored the most complete of the [[1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers|early papers]] on the Higgs theory, GHK were [[Nobel Prize controversies#Physics|controversially]] not included in the 2013 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]].<ref>[http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/updates/nobel13.cfm APS News - 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics and Landmark Papers in PRL History(October 8, 2013)]</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/peter-higgs-francois-englert-win-nobel-prize-in-physics/2013/10/08/1d96aa72-2f98-11e3-8906-3daa2bcde110_story.html "Nobel committee’s 'Rule of Three’ means some Higgs boson scientists were left out." Washington Post (October 8, 2013)]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21587771 "The 2013 Nobel prizes. Higgs’s bosuns." Economist (October 12, 2013)]</ref><ref>[https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/10/economist-explains-8 "Why are some scientists unhappy with the Nobel prizes?" Economist (October 9, 2013)]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21548911 "House of dreams. Scientists race to explain why the Higgs boson matters." Economist (March 3, 2012)]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = 1401.6924|bibcode = 2014MPLA...2950046G|title = Where have all the Goldstone bosons gone?|journal = Modern Physics Letters A|volume = 29|issue = 9|pages = 1450046|last1 = Guralnik|first1 = G. S|last2 = Hagen|first2 = C. R|year = 2014|doi = 10.1142/S0217732314500461|s2cid = 119257339}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|date=May 3, 2014
|date=May 3, 2014
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/04/us/gerald-guralnik-77-a-god-particle-pioneer-dies.html
|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/04/us/gerald-guralnik-77-a-god-particle-pioneer-dies.html
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Professor Hagen's research interests are in the field of theoretical [[high-energy physics]], primarily in the area of [[quantum field theory]]. This includes the formulation and [[Quantization (physics)|quantization]] of higher spin field theories within the context of [[Galilean invariance|Galilean relativity]] as well as that of [[Special relativity]]. Work in recent years has been concerned with such topics as the soluble two-dimensional theories, [[Chern–Simons field theory]], the [[Aharonov–Bohm effect]], and the [[Casimir effect]]. In 2015, Hagen authored a paper that found the classic 17th century [[Wallis product|Wallis]] formula for [[pi|{{pi}}]] while calculating energy levels of the [[Hydrogen atom]] – the first paper to derive [[pi|{{pi}}]] from [[physics]] and [[quantum mechanics]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Friedmann|first1=Tamar|last2=Hagen|first2=Carl Richard|year=2015|title=Quantum mechanical derivation of the Wallis formula for π|journal=Journal of Mathematical Physics|volume=56|issue=11|page=112101|arxiv=1510.07813|bibcode=2015JMP....56k2101F|doi=10.1063/1.4930800|s2cid=119315853}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aip.org/publishing/journal-highlights/new-derivation-pi-links-quantum-physics-and-pure-math|title=New Derivation of Pi Links Quantum Physics and Pure Math {{!}} American Institute of Physics|website=www.aip.org|access-date=2019-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://physicsworld.com/a/revealing-the-hidden-connection-between-pi-and-bohrs-hydrogen-model/|title=Revealing the hidden connection between pi and Bohr's hydrogen model|date=2015-11-17|website=Physics World|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-01-15}}</ref>
Professor Hagen's research interests are in the field of theoretical [[high-energy physics]], primarily in the area of [[quantum field theory]]. This includes the formulation and [[Quantization (physics)|quantization]] of higher spin field theories within the context of [[Galilean invariance|Galilean relativity]] as well as that of [[Special relativity]]. Work in recent years has been concerned with such topics as the soluble two-dimensional theories, [[Chern–Simons field theory]], the [[Aharonov–Bohm effect]], and the [[Casimir effect]]. In 2015, Hagen authored a paper that found the classic 17th century [[Wallis product|Wallis]] formula for [[pi|{{pi}}]] while calculating energy levels of the [[Hydrogen atom]] – the first paper to derive [[pi|{{pi}}]] from [[physics]] and [[quantum mechanics]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Friedmann|first1=Tamar|last2=Hagen|first2=Carl Richard|year=2015|title=Quantum mechanical derivation of the Wallis formula for π|journal=Journal of Mathematical Physics|volume=56|issue=11|page=112101|arxiv=1510.07813|bibcode=2015JMP....56k2101F|doi=10.1063/1.4930800|s2cid=119315853}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aip.org/publishing/journal-highlights/new-derivation-pi-links-quantum-physics-and-pure-math|title=New Derivation of Pi Links Quantum Physics and Pure Math {{!}} American Institute of Physics|website=www.aip.org|access-date=2019-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://physicsworld.com/a/revealing-the-hidden-connection-between-pi-and-bohrs-hydrogen-model/|title=Revealing the hidden connection between pi and Bohr's hydrogen model|date=2015-11-17|website=Physics World|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-01-15}}</ref>


Born and raised in [[Chicago]], Hagen received his [[Bachelor of Science|B.S.]], [[Master of Science|M.S.]], and [[Ph.D.]] in [[MIT Physics Department#Notable alumni|physics]] from the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].<ref>[https://www.technologyreview.com/2010/02/23/205697/gerald-guralnik-58-and-carl-richard-hagen-58-sm-58-phd-63/ MIT Technology Review - Hagen and Guralnik’s award-winning physics work began during undergraduate days, Spring 2010]</ref> At [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]], his [[Thesis|doctoral thesis]] topic was in [[quantum electrodynamics]]. He has been a [[professor]] of [[physics]] at the [[University of Rochester]] since 1963. Professor Hagen won the Award for Excellence in Teaching, Department of Physics and Astronomy, [[University of Rochester]] twice (in 1996 and 1999). Hagen is a Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] and was named Outstanding Referee by APS in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ |title=American Physical Society Fellows |access-date=2010-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426231608/https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ |archive-date=2018-04-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://publish.aps.org/OutstandingReferees American Physical Society Outstanding Referees] {{webarchive|url=http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20120318024701/http://publish.aps.org/OutstandingReferees |date=2012-03-18 }}</ref> [[Valparaiso University]] awarded Hagen the degree [[Honorary degree|Honorary Doctor of Science]] in 2012 for his significant contributions to [[particle physics]] and the theory of [[mass]] generation.<ref>[http://www.valpo.edu/news/2012/05/30/community-leaders-noted-scientist-among-honorary-degree-recipients/ Valparaiso University 2012 Honorary Degree Press Release]</ref><ref>{{YouTube|DarxkU7GccA|Valparaiso University 2012 Commencement (video)}}</ref>
Born and raised in [[Chicago]], Hagen received his [[Bachelor of Science|B.S.]], [[Master of Science|M.S.]], and [[Ph.D.]] in [[MIT Physics Department#Notable alumni|physics]] from the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].<ref>[https://www.technologyreview.com/2010/02/23/205697/gerald-guralnik-58-and-carl-richard-hagen-58-sm-58-phd-63/ MIT Technology Review - Hagen and Guralnik’s award-winning physics work began during undergraduate days, Spring 2010]</ref> At [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]], his [[Thesis|doctoral thesis]] topic was in [[quantum electrodynamics]]. He has been a [[professor]] of [[physics]] at the [[University of Rochester]] since 1963. Hagen won the Award for Excellence in Teaching, Department of Physics and Astronomy, [[University of Rochester]] twice (in 1996 and 1999). Hagen is a Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] and was named Outstanding Referee by APS in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ |title=American Physical Society Fellows |access-date=2010-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426231608/https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ |archive-date=2018-04-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://publish.aps.org/OutstandingReferees American Physical Society Outstanding Referees] {{webarchive|url=http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20120318024701/http://publish.aps.org/OutstandingReferees |date=2012-03-18 }}</ref> [[Valparaiso University]] awarded Hagen the degree [[Honorary degree|Honorary Doctor of Science]] in 2012 for his significant contributions to [[particle physics]] and the theory of [[mass]] generation.<ref>[http://www.valpo.edu/news/2012/05/30/community-leaders-noted-scientist-among-honorary-degree-recipients/ Valparaiso University 2012 Honorary Degree Press Release]</ref><ref>{{YouTube|DarxkU7GccA|Valparaiso University 2012 Commencement (video)}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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*[https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/story/2012-07-03/god-particle-scientists/56000896/1 "Scientists relish possible 'God particle' find." USA Today (July 3, 2012)]
*[https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/story/2012-07-03/god-particle-scientists/56000896/1 "Scientists relish possible 'God particle' find." USA Today (July 3, 2012)]
*[http://www.rochester.edu/news/hagen/ Hagen Calls CERN Findings a ‘Remarkable Achievement’ but Says More Work Is Needed]
*[http://www.rochester.edu/news/hagen/ Hagen Calls CERN Findings a ‘Remarkable Achievement’ but Says More Work Is Needed]
*[http://stream.publicbroadcasting.net/production/mp3/wxxi/local-wxxi-1016322.mp3 WXXI Rochester - Hagen, Demina, and Bodek interview]{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/local/2013/10/06/ur-physics-prof-awaits-nobel-decision-/2933391/ Hagen awaits Nobel Prize decision (October 7, 2013)]
*[http://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/local/2013/10/06/ur-physics-prof-awaits-nobel-decision-/2933391/ Hagen awaits Nobel Prize decision (October 7, 2013)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131017101610/http://www.rochesterhomepage.net/story/u-of-r-professor-considered-for-nobel-prize/d/story/jvUkkXOzTkeFFmVGPk7jwA Hagen Considered For Nobel Prize (October 7, 2013)]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131017101610/http://www.rochesterhomepage.net/story/u-of-r-professor-considered-for-nobel-prize/d/story/jvUkkXOzTkeFFmVGPk7jwA Hagen Considered For Nobel Prize (October 7, 2013)]
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[[Category:American people of Norwegian descent]]
[[Category:American people of Norwegian descent]]
[[Category:21st-century American physicists]]
[[Category:21st-century American physicists]]
[[Category:Particle physicists]]
[[Category:American particle physicists]]
[[Category:University of Rochester faculty]]
[[Category:University of Rochester faculty]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:1937 births]]
[[Category:Theoretical physicists]]
[[Category:American theoretical physicists]]
[[Category:J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics recipients]]
[[Category:J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics recipients]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]]
[[Category:MIT Department of Physics alumni]]
[[Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni]]
[[Category:Aspen Center for Physics scholars]]
[[Category:Aspen Center for Physics people]]

Revision as of 20:26, 4 August 2024

Carl Richard Hagen
Born (1937-02-02) February 2, 1937 (age 87)
Chicago, Illinois
Alma materMIT (BS, MS, PhD)
Luther High School North
Known forSymmetry breaking
Higgs boson
Higgs mechanism
Higher-spin theory
AwardsSakurai Prize (2010), APS Fellow
Scientific career
FieldsParticle physics
Quantum field theory
Mathematical physics
InstitutionsUniversity of Rochester
Imperial College London
American University of Beirut
International Centre for Theoretical Physics
Aspen Center for Physics
Doctoral advisorKenneth Alan Johnson, MIT[1]

Carl Richard Hagen (/ˈheɪɡən/; born 2 February 1937) is a professor of particle physics at the University of Rochester. He is most noted for his contributions to the Standard Model and Symmetry breaking as well as the 1964 co-discovery of the Higgs mechanism and Higgs boson with Gerald Guralnik and Tom Kibble (GHK).[2][3][4][5] As part of Physical Review Letters 50th anniversary celebration, the journal recognized this discovery as one of the milestone papers in PRL history.[6] While widely considered to have authored the most complete of the early papers on the Higgs theory, GHK were controversially not included in the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

In 2010, Hagen was awarded The American Physical Society's J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics for the "elucidation of the properties of spontaneous symmetry breaking in four-dimensional relativistic gauge theory and of the mechanism for the consistent generation of vector boson masses".[15][16][17][18][19]

Professor Hagen's research interests are in the field of theoretical high-energy physics, primarily in the area of quantum field theory. This includes the formulation and quantization of higher spin field theories within the context of Galilean relativity as well as that of Special relativity. Work in recent years has been concerned with such topics as the soluble two-dimensional theories, Chern–Simons field theory, the Aharonov–Bohm effect, and the Casimir effect. In 2015, Hagen authored a paper that found the classic 17th century Wallis formula for π while calculating energy levels of the Hydrogen atom – the first paper to derive π from physics and quantum mechanics.[20][21][22]

Born and raised in Chicago, Hagen received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[23] At MIT, his doctoral thesis topic was in quantum electrodynamics. He has been a professor of physics at the University of Rochester since 1963. Hagen won the Award for Excellence in Teaching, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester twice (in 1996 and 1999). Hagen is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and was named Outstanding Referee by APS in 2008.[24][25] Valparaiso University awarded Hagen the degree Honorary Doctor of Science in 2012 for his significant contributions to particle physics and the theory of mass generation.[26][27]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Professor Kenneth A. Johnson dies at 67; taught physics at MIT for 40 years." MIT News (February 12, 1999)
  2. ^ Guralnik, G.; Hagen, C.; Kibble, T. (1964). "Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles". Physical Review Letters. 13 (20): 585–587. Bibcode:1964PhRvL..13..585G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.585.
  3. ^ Guralnik, Gerald S. (2009). "The History of the Guralnik, Hagen and Kibble development of the Theory of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Gauge Particles". International Journal of Modern Physics. A24 (14): 2601–2627. arXiv:0907.3466. Bibcode:2009IJMPA..24.2601G. doi:10.1142/S0217751X09045431. S2CID 16298371.
  4. ^ "Guralnik, G S; Hagen, C R and Kibble, T W B (1967). Broken Symmetries and the Goldstone Theorem. Advances in Physics, vol. 2" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2014-09-16.
  5. ^ "4 July 2012: A Day to Remember," CERN Courier, 23 August 2012
  6. ^ Physical Review Letters - 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers
  7. ^ APS News - 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics and Landmark Papers in PRL History(October 8, 2013)
  8. ^ "Nobel committee’s 'Rule of Three’ means some Higgs boson scientists were left out." Washington Post (October 8, 2013)
  9. ^ "The 2013 Nobel prizes. Higgs’s bosuns." Economist (October 12, 2013)
  10. ^ "Why are some scientists unhappy with the Nobel prizes?" Economist (October 9, 2013)
  11. ^ "House of dreams. Scientists race to explain why the Higgs boson matters." Economist (March 3, 2012)
  12. ^ Guralnik, G. S; Hagen, C. R (2014). "Where have all the Goldstone bosons gone?". Modern Physics Letters A. 29 (9): 1450046. arXiv:1401.6924. Bibcode:2014MPLA...2950046G. doi:10.1142/S0217732314500461. S2CID 119257339.
  13. ^ "Gerald Guralnik, 77, a 'God Particle' Pioneer, Dies". The New York Times. May 3, 2014.
  14. ^ "Tom Kibble, Physicist Who Helped Discover the Higgs Mechanism, Dies at 83". The New York Times. July 19, 2016.
  15. ^ University of Rochester Physics - C.R. Hagen Wins 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics
  16. ^ University of Rochester 2010 Sakurai Prize Press Release
  17. ^ American Physical Society - J. J. Sakurai Prize Winners
  18. ^ C. Richard Hagen - 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize Winner
  19. ^ 2010 Sakurai Prize Videos
  20. ^ Friedmann, Tamar; Hagen, Carl Richard (2015). "Quantum mechanical derivation of the Wallis formula for π". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 56 (11): 112101. arXiv:1510.07813. Bibcode:2015JMP....56k2101F. doi:10.1063/1.4930800. S2CID 119315853.
  21. ^ "New Derivation of Pi Links Quantum Physics and Pure Math | American Institute of Physics". www.aip.org. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
  22. ^ "Revealing the hidden connection between pi and Bohr's hydrogen model". Physics World. 2015-11-17. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
  23. ^ MIT Technology Review - Hagen and Guralnik’s award-winning physics work began during undergraduate days, Spring 2010
  24. ^ "American Physical Society Fellows". Archived from the original on 2018-04-26. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
  25. ^ American Physical Society Outstanding Referees Archived 2012-03-18 at the National and University Library of Iceland
  26. ^ Valparaiso University 2012 Honorary Degree Press Release
  27. ^ Valparaiso University 2012 Commencement (video) on YouTube
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