Jump to content

Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m here the no-break narrow spaces were correct
for one day it existed in the soviet union.
 
(33 intermediate revisions by 24 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Ruling party of the Tuvan People's Republic}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox political party
{{Infobox political party
| name = Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
| name = Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
| logo = Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svg
| native_name =
| colorcode = {{Party color|Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party}}
| native_name_lang =
| abbreviation = TPRP (English)<br>ТАХN (Tuvan)<br>TNRP (Russian)
| lang1 =
| general_secretary = [[Namachyn]] (first)<br>[[Salchak Toka]] (last)
| name_lang1 =
| founded = {{start date|1921|10|29|df=y}}
| lang2 =
| dissolved = {{end date|1944|10|11|df=y}}
| name_lang2 =
| merged = [[All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)]]
| lang3 =
| successor = [[Tuvan Autonomous Oblast]] Committee of the [[VKP(b)]]
| name_lang3 =
| headquarters = [[Kyzyl]], [[Tuvan People's Republic]]
| lang4 =
| newspaper = {{ill|Tuvinskaya Pravda|ru|Тувинская правда}}<br>''[[Lenin–Stalinnьꞑ tugunuꞑ adaa-pile|Pod znamenem Lenina–Stalina]]''
| name_lang4 =
| wing1_title = Armed wing
| logo = Flag of the Tuvinian Peoples Revolutionary Party.svg
| caption = Banner of the Central Committee of the Tannu Tuvan People’s Revolutionary Party
| wing1 = [[Tuvan People's Revolutionary Army]] (1924–1944)
| membership_year = 1944
| colorcode = <!-- HTML color code (e.g. "red", "#FF0000" or Party metadata color template) otherwise "transparent" -->
| membership = 6,807
| abbreviation = <!-- official abbreviation -->
| ideology = [[Communism]]<br>[[Marxism–Leninism]]
| leader =
| position = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
| president =
| international = [[Communist International|Comintern]]
| chairperson = <!-- or: | chairman = -->
| country = Tuva
| general_secretary =
| first_secretary =
| secretary_general =
| presidium =
| secretary =
| spokesperson =
| founder =
| leader1_title =
| leader1_name =
| leader2_title =
| leader2_name =
| leader3_title =
| leader3_name =
| leader4_title =
| leader4_name =
| leader5_title =
| leader5_name =
| founded = {{start date|1921|10|29}}
| dissolved = {{end date|1944|10|11}}
| merger =
| split =
| predecessor =
| merged =
| successor =
| headquarters =
| newspaper =
| think_tank =
| student_wing =
| youth_wing =
| womens_wing =
| wing1_title =
| wing1 =
| wing2_title =
| wing2 =
| wing3_title =
| wing3 =
| wing4_title =
| wing4 =
| membership_year =
| membership =
| ideology = [[Communism]]
| position = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
| religion =
| national =
| regional =
| european =
| continental =
| international = [[Communist International|Comintern]]
| europarl =
| affiliation1_title =
| affiliation1 =
| colors = <!-- or: | colours = -->
| slogan =
| anthem =
| blank1_title =
| blank1 =
| blank2_title =
| blank2 =
| blank3_title =
| blank3 =
| blank4_title =
| blank4 =
| seats1_title =
| seats1 = <!-- {{Infobox political party/seats|seats_won|total_seats|hex=#ff0000}} -->
| seats2_title =
| seats2 =
| seats3_title =
| seats3 =
| seats4_title =
| seats4 = <!-- up to |seats15= -->
| symbol =
| flag =
| website =
| state = <!-- or country -->
| country = <!-- or state -->
| country_dab1 =
| parties_dab1 =
| elections_dab1 =
| country2 =
| country_dab2 =
| parties_dab2 =
| elections_dab2 =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
'''Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party''' ([[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]: {{MongolUnicode|ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠦ ᠲᠤᠧᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ}} = ''Tangnu Tuva-yin arad-un qubisγal-tu nam'') was a [[political party]] in [[Tuva]], founded in 1921. When the [[Tuvan People's Republic]] was founded in the same year, the party held [[single-party]] control over its government as a [[vanguard party]].
| mong = ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠦ<br>ᠲᠤᠧᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ<br>ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ<br>ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ<br>ᠨᠠᠮ
| lang1 = tyv
| lang1_content = Тьва arat-хuviskaalçь nam
}}

The '''Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party'''{{efn|{{bulleted list|{{lang-tyv|Тьва arat-хuviskaalçь nam}}|[[Mongolian language|Mongolian]]: {{MongolUnicode|ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠦ|lang=mn}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠲᠤᠧᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ|lang=mn}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ|lang=mn}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ|lang=mn}}{{MongolUnicode|ᠨᠠᠮ|lang=mn}}, {{transliteration|mn|Tangnu Tuva-yin arad-un qubisγal-tu nam}}}}}} was a [[political party]] in [[Tuva]], founded in 1921. When the [[Tuvan People's Republic]] was founded in the same year, the party held [[single-party]] control over its government as a [[vanguard party]].


==History==
==History==


Under Soviet sponsorship, a conference of Tuvinian revolutionaries convened on October 29, 1921, and an organization bureau was formed. The first Congress met on February 28, 1922, when the Tuvinian "People's Government" was established. However, as soon as the Second Congress convened on July 6, 1923, the former party was dissolved because of Soviet dissatisfaction, and a new one was organized. The Fourth Congress met in October, 1925; the Seventh Congress, in 1928. The Central Committee was authorized to establish party cells and branches of the league of revolutionary youth throughout the country.<ref>Peter S. H. Tang. '' Russian and Soviet Policy in Manchuria and Outer Mongolia, 1911-1931''. London: Duke University Press., 1959. p. 422.</ref>
Under Soviet sponsorship, a conference of Tuvan revolutionaries convened on 29 October 1921, and an organization bureau was formed. The first Congress met on 28 February 1922, when the Tuvan "People's Government" was established. However, as soon as the Second Congress convened on 6 July 1923, the former party was dissolved because of Soviet dissatisfaction, and a new one was organized. The Fourth Congress met in October 1925; the Seventh Congress, in 1928. The Central Committee was authorized to establish party cells and branches of the league of revolutionary youth throughout the country.<ref>Peter S. H. Tang. '' Russian and Soviet Policy in Manchuria and Outer Mongolia, 1911–1931''. London: Duke University Press., 1959. p. 422.</ref>


During the Second Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the party in 1929 the right-wing leadership, which had intended to retain [[Lamaism]] as a state religion in the old sense, in contradiction to the proclaimed constitution, was completely destroyed. Under the watchword of "antifeudal revolution," the Eighth Congress paved the way for socialist reconstruction and collectivization. When, in April–May, 1930, the so-called "counterrevolution of the Tuvinian nobles and the Russian kulak-colonists" broke out with the intent "to overthrow the 'Revolutionary Government,'" it was also put down by force. Resolutions were adopted in the Central Committee of the People's Revolutionary Party to confiscate the property of the exploiter class, to conduct agricultural collectivization "on an unconditionally voluntary basis," "to struggle for complete independence from the imperialist countries and to co-operate closely with the oppressed peoples and the working class of the whole world."<ref>''Malaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia'' (1st ed.), Vol. VIII, col. 989. Cited in Tang, p. 422.</ref>
During the Second Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the party in 1929 the right-wing leadership, which had intended to retain [[Tibetan Buddhism]] as a state religion in the old sense, in contradiction to the proclaimed constitution, was completely destroyed. Under the watchword of "antifeudal revolution," the Eighth Congress paved the way for socialist reconstruction and collectivization. When, in April–May 1930, the so-called "counterrevolution of the Tuvan nobles and the Russian kulak-colonists" broke out with the intent "to overthrow the 'Revolutionary Government,'" it was also put down by force. Resolutions were adopted in the Central Committee of the People's Revolutionary Party to confiscate the property of the exploiter class, to conduct agricultural collectivization "on an unconditionally voluntary basis," "to struggle for complete independence from the imperialist countries and to co-operate closely with the oppressed peoples and the working class of the whole world."<ref>''Malaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia'' (1st ed.), Vol. VIII, col. 989 (in Russian). Cited in Tang, p. 422.</ref>


A prominent figure in its initial stage was [[Donduk Kuular]]. In 1929-1932 a political shift occurred, beginning with the [[1929 Tuvan coup d'état]], as nationalist elements of the party, including Kuular, were purged. The leadership of the party was taken over by [[Salchak Toka]].
A prominent figure in its initial stage was [[Donduk Kuular]]. In 1929–1932 a political shift occurred, beginning with the [[1929 Tuvan coup d'état]], as nationalist elements of the party, including Kuular, were purged. The leadership of the party was taken over by [[Salchak Toka]].


The party was admitted to the [[Comintern]] as a "sympathizing party" at its Seventh Congress in 1935.<ref>Jane Degras. ''Communist International: Documents, 1919-1943''. digital print ed. London: Frank Cass and Company Ltd., 2005. p. 346.</ref>
The party was admitted to the [[Communist International|Comintern]] as a "sympathizing party" at its [[7th World Congress of the Comintern|Seventh Congress]] in 1935.<ref>Jane Degras. ''Communist International: Documents, 1919–1943''. digital print ed. London: Frank Cass and Company Ltd., 2005. p. 346.</ref>

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Comintern sections]]
[[Category:Defunct communist parties in Russia]]
[[Category:Comintern sections|Tannu Tuva]]
[[Category:Political parties of minorities in Russia]]
[[Category:Parties of one-party systems]]
[[Category:Parties of one-party systems]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1921]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1921]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 1944]]
[[Category:Politics of Tuva]]
[[Category:Politics of Tuva]]
[[Category:Political parties of the Russian Revolution]]
[[Category:Formerly ruling communist parties]]
[[Category:Ruling Communist parties]]
[[Category:Political parties of minorities in Russia]]

Latest revision as of 18:16, 1 August 2024

Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
AbbreviationTPRP (English)
ТАХN (Tuvan)
TNRP (Russian)
General SecretaryNamachyn (first)
Salchak Toka (last)
Founded29 October 1921 (1921-10-29)
Dissolved11 October 1944 (1944-10-11)
Merged intoAll-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Succeeded byTuvan Autonomous Oblast Committee of the VKP(b)
HeadquartersKyzyl, Tuvan People's Republic
NewspaperTuvinskaya Pravda [ru]
Pod znamenem Lenina–Stalina
Armed wingTuvan People's Revolutionary Army (1924–1944)
Membership (1944)6,807
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Political positionFar-left
International affiliationComintern
Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party
Mongolian name
Mongolian scriptᠲᠠᠩᠨᠦ
ᠲᠤᠧᠠ ᠢᠢᠨ
ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ
ᠨᠠᠮ
Tuvan name
TuvanТьва arat-хuviskaalçь nam

The Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party[a] was a political party in Tuva, founded in 1921. When the Tuvan People's Republic was founded in the same year, the party held single-party control over its government as a vanguard party.

History

[edit]

Under Soviet sponsorship, a conference of Tuvan revolutionaries convened on 29 October 1921, and an organization bureau was formed. The first Congress met on 28 February 1922, when the Tuvan "People's Government" was established. However, as soon as the Second Congress convened on 6 July 1923, the former party was dissolved because of Soviet dissatisfaction, and a new one was organized. The Fourth Congress met in October 1925; the Seventh Congress, in 1928. The Central Committee was authorized to establish party cells and branches of the league of revolutionary youth throughout the country.[1]

During the Second Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the party in 1929 the right-wing leadership, which had intended to retain Tibetan Buddhism as a state religion in the old sense, in contradiction to the proclaimed constitution, was completely destroyed. Under the watchword of "antifeudal revolution," the Eighth Congress paved the way for socialist reconstruction and collectivization. When, in April–May 1930, the so-called "counterrevolution of the Tuvan nobles and the Russian kulak-colonists" broke out with the intent "to overthrow the 'Revolutionary Government,'" it was also put down by force. Resolutions were adopted in the Central Committee of the People's Revolutionary Party to confiscate the property of the exploiter class, to conduct agricultural collectivization "on an unconditionally voluntary basis," "to struggle for complete independence from the imperialist countries and to co-operate closely with the oppressed peoples and the working class of the whole world."[2]

A prominent figure in its initial stage was Donduk Kuular. In 1929–1932 a political shift occurred, beginning with the 1929 Tuvan coup d'état, as nationalist elements of the party, including Kuular, were purged. The leadership of the party was taken over by Salchak Toka.

The party was admitted to the Comintern as a "sympathizing party" at its Seventh Congress in 1935.[3]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^
    • Tuvan: Тьва arat-хuviskaalçь nam
    • Mongolian: ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠦᠲᠤᠧᠠ ᠢᠢᠨᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠠᠮ, Tangnu Tuva-yin arad-un qubisγal-tu nam

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Peter S. H. Tang. Russian and Soviet Policy in Manchuria and Outer Mongolia, 1911–1931. London: Duke University Press., 1959. p. 422.
  2. ^ Malaia Sovetskaia Entsiklopediia (1st ed.), Vol. VIII, col. 989 (in Russian). Cited in Tang, p. 422.
  3. ^ Jane Degras. Communist International: Documents, 1919–1943. digital print ed. London: Frank Cass and Company Ltd., 2005. p. 346.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tuvan_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party&oldid=1238024238"