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Coordinates: 2°31′S 32°54′E / 2.517°S 32.900°E / -2.517; 32.900
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| image_caption = From top: Bismarck Rock, Mwanza city from Capri Point
| image_caption = From top: Bismarck Rock, Mwanza city from Capri Point
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|image_flag=Flag_of_Mwanza,_Tanzania.svg
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|blank_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]]
|blank_info = [[Tropical savanna climate|Aw]]
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'''Mwanza City''', also known as '''Rock City''' to the residents,<ref name="EastAfrican">{{cite news |title=Mwanza, the rock city with a rich history |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/mwanza-the-rock-city-with-a-rich-history-1298336 |access-date=19 December 2020 |work=The East African |date=10 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219232606/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/mwanza-the-rock-city-with-a-rich-history-1298336 |archive-date=19 December 2020 |location=Nairobi}}</ref> is a port city and capital of [[Mwanza Region]] on the southern shore of [[Lake Victoria]] in north-western [[Tanzania]]. With an urban population of 1,311,000 in 2023,<ref>[https://populationstat.com/tanzania/mwanza PopulationStat]</ref> it is Tanzania's second largest city, after [[Dar es Salaam]]. It is also the second largest city in the Lake Victoria basin after [[Kampala]], Uganda and ahead of [[Kisumu]], Kenya at least in population size. Within the East African community, Mwanza city is the fifth largest city after Dar, [[Nairobi]], [[Mombasa]], and Kampala. It is slightly ahead of [[Kigali]], [[Kisumu]], and [[Bujumbura]] in the population of city proper limits. However, in terms of infrastructure, Kigali and Kisumu cities are way ahead of Mwanza. Mwanza city is also the capital city of [[Mwanza Region]], and is administratively divided into two municipal districts within that Region - [[Ilemela]] and [[Nyamagana]].
'''Mwanza City''', also known as '''Rock City''' to the residents,<ref name="EastAfrican">{{cite news |title=Mwanza, the rock city with a rich history |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/mwanza-the-rock-city-with-a-rich-history-1298336 |access-date=19 December 2020 |work=The East African |date=10 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219232606/https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/magazine/mwanza-the-rock-city-with-a-rich-history-1298336 |archive-date=19 December 2020 |location=Nairobi}}</ref> is a port city and capital of [[Mwanza Region]] on the southern shore of [[Lake Victoria]] in north-western [[Tanzania]]. With an urban population of 1,311,000 in 2023,<ref>[https://populationstat.com/tanzania/mwanza PopulationStat]</ref> it is Tanzania's second largest city, after [[Dar es Salaam]]. It is also the second largest city in the Lake Victoria basin after [[Kampala]], Uganda and ahead of [[Kisumu]], Kenya at least in population size. Within the East African community, Mwanza city is the fifth largest city after Dar, [[Nairobi]], [[Mombasa]], and Kampala. It is slightly ahead of [[Kigali]], [[Kisumu]], and [[Bujumbura]] in the population of city proper limits. Mwanza city is also the capital city of [[Mwanza Region]], and is administratively divided into two municipal districts within that Region - [[Ilemela]] and [[Nyamagana]].


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
The [[Sukuma people|Sukuma]] constitute over 90 percent of the population of the [[Mwanza Region]]. Other ethnic groups in the region, in much smaller proportions, include the [[Zinza]], [[Haya people|Haya]], [[Sumbwa]], [[Nyamwezi people|Nyamwezi]], [[Luo peoples|Luo]], [[w:Kurya people|Kurya]], [[Jita]], Shashi and Kerewe. They live mainly in the Mwanza city area. National policy, however, gives very little importance to ethnic groupings and reliable data is difficult to find.<ref>[http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/Mwanza.pdf Section 1.2, "Mwanza Region Socio-Economic Profile", joint publication by the Planning Commission Dar es Salaam and the Regional Commissioner's Office Mwanza, October 1997, page 4]</ref>
The [[Sukuma people|Sukuma]] constitute over 90 percent of the population of the [[Mwanza Region]]. Other ethnic groups in the region, in much smaller proportions, include the [[Zinza]], [[Haya people|Haya]], [[Sumbwa]], [[Nyamwezi people|Nyamwezi]], [[Luo peoples|Luo]], [[w:Kurya people|Kurya]], [[Jita people|Jita]], Shashi and Kerewe. They live mainly in the Mwanza city area. National policy, however, gives very little importance to ethnic groupings and reliable data is difficult to find.<ref>[http://www.tzonline.org/pdf/Mwanza.pdf Section 1.2, "Mwanza Region Socio-Economic Profile", joint publication by the Planning Commission Dar es Salaam and the Regional Commissioner's Office Mwanza, October 1997, page 4]</ref>


<!-- With an estimated area of {{convert|530.14|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}, this chartered city has an estimated density of {{convert|5165.1|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi|spell=us}}. -->
<!-- With an estimated area of {{convert|530.14|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}, this chartered city has an estimated density of {{convert|5165.1|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi|spell=us}}. -->
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In 2011 the City Council announced plans to create a major commercial development in the Ilemela District.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailynews.co.tz/home/?n=26841|title=Mwanza city on a major shopping project|last=Moses Matthew|date=30 December 2011|work=Daily News|accessdate=21 February 2013}}</ref> Construction works on Rock City Mall were finalized in early 2016. This mall is the first of its size in Mwanza and one of the biggest malls in the country.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rock City Mall|url=https://www.rockcitymallmwanza.co.tz/about}}</ref>
In 2011 the City Council announced plans to create a major commercial development in the Ilemela District.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dailynews.co.tz/home/?n=26841|title=Mwanza city on a major shopping project|last=Moses Matthew|date=30 December 2011|work=Daily News|accessdate=21 February 2013}}</ref> Construction works on Rock City Mall were finalized in early 2016. This mall is the first of its size in Mwanza and one of the biggest malls in the country.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rock City Mall|url=https://www.rockcitymallmwanza.co.tz/about}}</ref>


[[Tanzania Breweries Limited]] has a brewery in Mwanza<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.crmz.com/Report/ReportPreview.asp?BusinessId=9495917|title=Commercial Credit Report for Tanzania Breweries Limited - Report Preview|website=www.crmz.com|access-date=2017-09-04}}</ref>
[[Tanzania Breweries Limited]] has a brewery in Mwanza.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.crmz.com/Report/ReportPreview.asp?BusinessId=9495917|title=Commercial Credit Report for Tanzania Breweries Limited - Report Preview|website=www.crmz.com|access-date=2017-09-04}}</ref>


===Fishing===
===Fishing===
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Water supply coverage is at 75% and sewerage at 23.7%.<ref name=vei_nl/> Projects to increase coverage including the UN Habitat Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation (LVWATSAN-Mwanza) project.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation (LVWATSAN-Mwanza) Project: Mobilization and Institutional Facilitation of Sanitation (UN-Habitat) – UN-Habitat |url=https://unhabitat.org/the-lake-victoria-water-and-sanitation-project/ |accessdate=9 December 2018}}</ref>
Water supply coverage is at 75% and sewerage at 23.7%.<ref name=vei_nl/> Projects to increase coverage including the UN Habitat Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation (LVWATSAN-Mwanza) project.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation (LVWATSAN-Mwanza) Project: Mobilization and Institutional Facilitation of Sanitation (UN-Habitat) – UN-Habitat |url=https://unhabitat.org/the-lake-victoria-water-and-sanitation-project/ |accessdate=9 December 2018}}</ref>


Water is managed by the Mwanza Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (Mwauwasa), established in 1996 and wholly owned by the government of Tanzania.<ref name=vei_nl>{{cite web |title=Tanzania - Mwanza Urban Water Supply And Sanitation Authority (MWAUWASA) |url=https://www.vei.nl/partners/mwanza-urban-water-supply-and-sanitation-authority-mwauwasa |website=www.vei.nl |language=en}}</ref> The authority covers Mwanza City, [[Kisesa]] Township in [[Magu District]],<ref name=vei_nl/> Misungwi town and Nyahiti Village in [[Misungwi District]],<ref name=construction_review/> [[Geita]], [[Sengerema]] and [[Nansio]],<ref>{{cite web |title=ADB Business Bulletin May 2011 |url=https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Procurement/Project-related-Procurement/ADB_Business_Bulletin_of_May_2011.pdf |website=www.afdb.org |accessdate=9 December 2018}}</ref> and [[Lamadi]] in [[Simiyu Region]].<ref name=construction_review>{{cite web |last1=Katume |first1=Nita |title=Mwauwasa's US $16.7m water project to serve over 45,000 residents in Tanzania |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/2017/11/mwauwasas-us-16-7m-water-project-serve-45000-residents-tanzania/ |website=Construction Review Online |date=8 November 2017}}</ref> Mwauwasa operates a wastewater treatment plant in Butuja Ilemela<ref>{{cite web |title=Case study: Mwanza |url=https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/resource-documents/11222.pdf |website=www.odi.org}}</ref>
Water is managed by the Mwanza Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (Mwauwasa), established in 1996 and wholly owned by the government of Tanzania.<ref name=vei_nl>{{cite web |title=Tanzania - Mwanza Urban Water Supply And Sanitation Authority (MWAUWASA) |url=https://www.vei.nl/partners/mwanza-urban-water-supply-and-sanitation-authority-mwauwasa |website=www.vei.nl |language=en}}</ref> The authority covers Mwanza City, [[Kisesa]] Township in [[Magu District]],<ref name=vei_nl/> Misungwi town and Nyahiti Village in [[Misungwi District]],<ref name=construction_review/> [[Geita]], [[Sengerema]] and [[Nansio]],<ref>{{cite web |title=ADB Business Bulletin May 2011 |url=https://www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Procurement/Project-related-Procurement/ADB_Business_Bulletin_of_May_2011.pdf |website=www.afdb.org |accessdate=9 December 2018}}</ref> and [[Lamadi]] in [[Simiyu Region]].<ref name=construction_review>{{cite web |last1=Katume |first1=Nita |title=Mwauwasa's US $16.7m water project to serve over 45,000 residents in Tanzania |url=https://constructionreviewonline.com/2017/11/mwauwasas-us-16-7m-water-project-serve-45000-residents-tanzania/ |website=Construction Review Online |date=8 November 2017}}</ref> Mwauwasa operates a wastewater treatment plant in Butuja Ilemela.<ref>{{cite web |title=Case study: Mwanza |url=https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/resource-documents/11222.pdf |website=www.odi.org}}</ref>


==Tourism==
==Tourism==
[[File:Mwanza City Map-Tanzania.png|302px|thumb|left|The Mwanza city map]]
[[File:Mwanza City Map-Tanzania.png|302px|thumb|left|The Mwanza city map]]

===National parks===
===National parks===


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== Places of worship ==
== Places of worship ==
Among the [[places of worship]], they are predominantly [[Christianity|Christian]] churches and temples : Africa Inland Church Tanzania, [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mwanza]] ([[Catholic Church]]), [[Anglican Church of Tanzania]] ([[Anglican Communion]]), [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania]] ([[Lutheran World Federation]]), [[Baptist Convention of Tanzania]] ([[Baptist World Alliance]]), [[Assemblies of God]].<ref>Britannica,
Among the [[places of worship]], they are predominantly [[Christianity|Christian]] churches and temples : Africa Inland Church Tanzania, [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mwanza]] ([[Catholic Church]]), [[Anglican Church of Tanzania]] ([[Anglican Communion]]), [[Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania]] ([[Lutheran World Federation]]), [[Baptist Convention of Tanzania]] ([[Baptist World Alliance]]), [[Assemblies of God]].<ref>Britannica,
[https://www.britannica.com/place/Tanzania Tanzania], britannica.com, USA, accessed on January 5, 2020</ref> There are also [[Islam|Muslim]] mosques and BAPS temple for the Hindu community. There is a large Hindu Temple built in the late 50's,and one of the first temples in Tanzania.
[https://www.britannica.com/place/Tanzania Tanzania], britannica.com, USA, accessed on January 5, 2020</ref> There are also [[Islam|Muslim]] mosques. In the Temple Street, close to each other there are a large [[Hindu Temple]] built in the late 50's, one of the first such temples in Tanzania, a [[Gaudiya Vaishnavism|Vaishnava]] [[Sanātana Dharma|Sanatana]] Mandir, and a [[Bochasanwasi Akshar Purushottam Swaminarayan Sanstha|BAPS]] (Swaminarayan) temple - all of them serving the Hindu community.


{{Wide Image|Mwanza Wikivoyage banner.jpg|1400px|View of Lake Victoria and Mwanza}}
{{Wide image|Mwanza Wikivoyage banner.jpg|1400px|View of Lake Victoria and Mwanza}}


== Climate ==
== Climate ==
Mwanza features a [[tropical savanna climate]] under the [[Köppen climate classification]]. Temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year, tempered by the city's altitude. Thus, the climate is not quite as hot as one might expect, given the city's location near the equator. Average temperatures in Mwanza is roughly {{convert|23.5|C}} throughout the year. The city features a lengthy [[wet season]] which runs from October through May and a short pronounced [[dry season]] that covers the remaining four months. Mwanza receives on average roughly {{convert|1050|mm}} of precipitation annually.
Mwanza features a [[tropical savanna climate]] under the [[Köppen climate classification]]. Temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year, tempered by the city's altitude. Thus, the climate is not quite as hot as one might expect, given the city's location near the equator. Average temperatures in Mwanza is roughly {{convert|23.5|C}} throughout the year. The city features a lengthy [[wet season]] which runs from October through May and a short pronounced [[dry season]] that covers the remaining four months. Mwanza receives on average roughly {{convert|1050|mm}} of precipitation annually.
{{Weather box|width=auto
{{Weather box|width=auto
|location = Mwanza
|location = Mwanza (1991-2020)
|single line = Yes
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
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|Dec record high C = 34.2
|Dec record high C = 34.2
|year record high C = 36.6
|year record high C = 36.6
|Jan high C = 27.6
|Jan high C = 27.8
|Feb high C = 27.9
|Feb high C = 28.8
|Mar high C = 28.5
|Mar high C = 28.7
|Apr high C = 27.8
|Apr high C = 28.5
|May high C = 28.1
|May high C = 28.5
|Jun high C = 28.4
|Jun high C = 28.9
|Jul high C = 28.3
|Jul high C = 28.9
|Aug high C = 28.7
|Aug high C = 29.1
|Sep high C = 29.0
|Sep high C = 29.3
|Oct high C = 28.5
|Oct high C = 28.9
|Nov high C = 27.5
|Nov high C = 27.9
|Dec high C = 27.3
|Dec high C = 27.5
|year high C = 28.1
|year high C = 28.6
|Jan mean C = 23.5
|Jan mean C = 22.8
|Feb mean C = 23.2
|Feb mean C = 23.3
|Mar mean C = 23.5
|Mar mean C = 23.2
|Apr mean C = 23.3
|Apr mean C = 23.1
|May mean C = 23.4
|May mean C = 23.2
|Jun mean C = 22.9
|Jun mean C = 22.7
|Jul mean C = 22.4
|Jul mean C = 22.2
|Aug mean C = 23.2
|Aug mean C = 22.6
|Sep mean C = 23.8
|Sep mean C = 23.4
|Oct mean C = 24.3
|Oct mean C = 23.4
|Nov mean C = 23.9
|Nov mean C = 22.9
|Dec mean C = 23.3
|Dec mean C = 22.8
|year mean C = 23.4
|year mean C =
|Jan low C = 17.7
|Jan low C = 18.1
|Feb low C = 17.8
|Feb low C = 18.0
|Mar low C = 18.0
|Mar low C = 18.2
|Apr low C = 18.2
|Apr low C = 18.4
|May low C = 17.7
|May low C = 18.1
|Jun low C = 16.2
|Jun low C = 16.5
|Jul low C = 15.4
|Jul low C = 15.6
|Aug low C = 16.4
|Aug low C = 16.7
|Sep low C = 17.3
|Sep low C = 17.7
|Oct low C = 18.1
|Oct low C = 18.3
|Nov low C = 18.1
|Nov low C = 18.4
|Dec low C = 17.9
|Dec low C = 18.3
|year low C = 17.4
|year low C =
|Jan record low C = 10.8
|Jan record low C = 10.8
|Feb record low C = 11.0
|Feb record low C = 11.0
Line 224: Line 225:
|Dec record low C = 12.0
|Dec record low C = 12.0
|year record low C = 10.8
|year record low C = 10.8
|rain colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 103.7
|Jan precipitation mm = 113.7
|Feb rain mm = 108.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 82.0
|Mar rain mm = 139.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 154.5
|Apr rain mm = 168.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 173.0
|May rain mm = 72.9
|May precipitation mm = 70.3
|Jun rain mm = 21.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 25.7
|Jul rain mm = 11.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 5.0
|Aug rain mm = 20.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 23.7
|Sep rain mm = 22.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 42.3
|Oct rain mm = 85.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 120.6
|Nov rain mm = 157.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 158.3
|Dec rain mm = 138.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 146.0
|year rain mm = 1050.7
|year precipitation mm =
|unit rain days = 1.0 mm
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan rain days = 10
|Jan precipitation days = 9.9
|Feb rain days = 8
|Feb precipitation days = 6.7
|Mar rain days = 11
|Mar precipitation days = 10.7
|Apr rain days = 14
|Apr precipitation days = 13.0
|May rain days = 8
|May precipitation days = 7.3
|Jun rain days = 2
|Jun precipitation days = 1.9
|Jul rain days = 1
|Jul precipitation days = 0.5
|Aug rain days = 2
|Aug precipitation days = 2.3
|Sep rain days = 3
|Sep precipitation days = 4.0
|Oct rain days = 8
|Oct precipitation days = 8.8
|Nov rain days = 13
|Nov precipitation days = 13.4
|Dec rain days = 12
|Dec precipitation days = 11.9
|year rain days = 92
|year precipitation days =
|Jan humidity = 71
|Jan humidity = 71
|Feb humidity = 71
|Feb humidity = 71
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|Decd sun = 7.2
|Decd sun = 7.2
|yeard sun = 8.0
|yeard sun = 8.0
|source 1 = [[World Meteorological Organization]]<ref name= WMO>{{cite web
|source 1 = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name=WMOCLINO>{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230916032148/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Tanzania/CSV/MWANZA_63756.csv
| url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=669
| archive-date = 16 September 2023
| title = World Weather Information Service – Mwanza
| url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-1-WMO-Normals-9120/Tanzania/CSV/MWANZA_63756.csv
⚫
| publisher = World Meteorological Organization
| title = Mwanza Climate Normals 1991–2020
| accessdate = 10 June 2016}}</ref>
| work = World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020)
⚫
|source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (extremes, means, humidity, and sun)<ref name = DWD>
| publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
| access-date = 16 September 2023}}</ref>
⚫
|source 2 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]] (extremes, humidity, and sun),<ref name = DWD>
{{cite web
{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_637560_kt.pdf
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_637560_kt.pdf
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| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = German
| language = German
| accessdate = 10 June 2016}}</ref>
| accessdate = 10 June 2016}}</ref> Tokyo Climate Center (mean temperatures 1991–2020)<ref name=TCC1>
{{cite web
}}
| url = https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/tcc/tcc/products/climate/normal/parts/NrmMonth_e.php?stn=63756
| title = Normals Data: Mwanza - Tanzania Latitude: 2.47°N Longitude: 32.92°E Height: 1139 (m)
⚫
| publisher = Japan Meteorological Agency
| access-date = 1 December 2022}}</ref>}}


==Transport==
==Transport==
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===Ferry===
===Ferry===


In December 2014 the regular ferry service between Mwanza, [[Bukoba]] and [[Kampala]] was halted whilst the ferry boat [[MV Victoria (1959)|MV Victoria]] underwent major maintenance.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.busiweek.com/index1.php?Ctp=2&pI=2480&pLv=3&srI=58&spI=24|title=Victoria ferry suspends work|date=10 January 2015|work=[[East African Business Week]]|accessdate=14 March 2016}}</ref>
In December 2014 the regular ferry service between Mwanza, [[Bukoba]] and [[Kampala]] was halted whilst the ferry boat [[MV Victoria (1959)|MV Victoria]] underwent major maintenance.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.busiweek.com/index1.php?Ctp=2&pI=2480&pLv=3&srI=58&spI=24|title=Victoria ferry suspends work|date=10 January 2015|work=[[East African Business Week]]|accessdate=14 March 2016}}</ref>{{Update inline|date=November 2023|reason=Under maintenance since 2014? Probably needs update.}}


==Sports==
==Sports==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Mwanza}}
{{Commons category|Mwanza}}
* {{wikivoyage-inline|Mwanza}}
* {{wikivoyage inline|Mwanza}}


{{Cities in Tanzania}}
{{Cities in Tanzania}}

Revision as of 02:30, 1 August 2024

For other uses, see Mwanza (disambiguation).
Mwanza City
Rock City
City of Mwanza Region
From top: Bismarck Rock, Mwanza city from Capri Point
Flag of Mwanza City
Flag
Mwanza City is located in Tanzania
Mwanza City
Mwanza City
Location of Mwanza
Coordinates: 2°31′S 32°54′E / 2.517°S 32.900°E / -2.517; 32.900
CountryTanzania
Admin. divisionMwanza Region
First Settled1892
Incorporated Town1978
Incorporated City2000
Districts
List
Government
 • TypeCity Council
 • Lord MayorMr. James Bwire
 • City DirectorMr. Kiomoni Kiburwa Kibamba
Elevation
3,740 ft (1,140 m)
Population
 (2022 census)[1]
 • Urban
1,104,521
Time zoneGMT + 3
Area code028
ClimateAw

Mwanza City, also known as Rock City to the residents,[2] is a port city and capital of Mwanza Region on the southern shore of Lake Victoria in north-western Tanzania. With an urban population of 1,311,000 in 2023,[3] it is Tanzania's second largest city, after Dar es Salaam. It is also the second largest city in the Lake Victoria basin after Kampala, Uganda and ahead of Kisumu, Kenya at least in population size. Within the East African community, Mwanza city is the fifth largest city after Dar, Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kampala. It is slightly ahead of Kigali, Kisumu, and Bujumbura in the population of city proper limits. Mwanza city is also the capital city of Mwanza Region, and is administratively divided into two municipal districts within that Region - Ilemela and Nyamagana.

Demographics

The Sukuma constitute over 90 percent of the population of the Mwanza Region. Other ethnic groups in the region, in much smaller proportions, include the Zinza, Haya, Sumbwa, Nyamwezi, Luo, Kurya, Jita, Shashi and Kerewe. They live mainly in the Mwanza city area. National policy, however, gives very little importance to ethnic groupings and reliable data is difficult to find.[4]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1978 110,553—    
1988 172,287+55.8%
2002 385,810+123.9%
2012 706,453+83.1%
2022 1,104,521+56.3%
source:[5]

Economy

The bridge of Furahisha in Mwanza represents transportation and safety of its people. This has a created safe space for the citizens and it stand as a remarkable symbol of Mwanza.

In 2011 the City Council announced plans to create a major commercial development in the Ilemela District.[6] Construction works on Rock City Mall were finalized in early 2016. This mall is the first of its size in Mwanza and one of the biggest malls in the country.[7]

Tanzania Breweries Limited has a brewery in Mwanza.[8]

Fishing

One major occupation of the inhabitants along the shores of Lake Victoria in Mwanza region is fishing, and there are five fish processing plants in the area.[9] The Nile perch were previously introduced to the lake, and are exported in large quantities.[10]

The consequences of the Nile perch industry are the subject of the Academy Award nominated documentary Darwin's Nightmare (2004) by Hubert Sauper.[11]

Water supply and sanitation

Water supply coverage is at 75% and sewerage at 23.7%.[12] Projects to increase coverage including the UN Habitat Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation (LVWATSAN-Mwanza) project.[13]

Water is managed by the Mwanza Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (Mwauwasa), established in 1996 and wholly owned by the government of Tanzania.[12] The authority covers Mwanza City, Kisesa Township in Magu District,[12] Misungwi town and Nyahiti Village in Misungwi District,[14] Geita, Sengerema and Nansio,[15] and Lamadi in Simiyu Region.[14] Mwauwasa operates a wastewater treatment plant in Butuja Ilemela.[16]

Tourism

The Mwanza city map

National parks

Saanane Island National Park is located on a rocky island in Lake Victoria, 500 meters from Capri Point in the centre of Mwanza.[17]

The westernmost gate (Ndabaka Gate) of Serengeti National Park is located at around 150 kilometres by road from Mwanza town. Day trips to Serengeti National Park are organised by several tour operators in Mwanza.[18]

Rubondo Island National Park can be reached by road and boat, or by a direct flight from Mwanza. It is located around 110 kilometres west of Mwanza town.[19]

Culture

The Sukuma Museum is located in Bujora, just east of Mwanza near Kisesa. It gives an overview of the history, architecture, culture and language of the Sukuma tribe, from which the majority of the native population originates.[20]

Education

St. Augustine University of Tanzania, administration building.

St. Augustine University of Tanzania (SAUT) is the main university in Mwanza. The University extends over 600 acres (243 ha) in the Nyegezi-Malimbe area 10 km south of Mwanza City. It lies 4 km off the main Mwanza- Shinyanga road on the south eastern shores of Lake Victoria. The University is a half-hour's drive from Mwanza by car or by bus.[21]

Places of worship

Among the places of worship, they are predominantly Christian churches and temples : Africa Inland Church Tanzania, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Mwanza (Catholic Church), Anglican Church of Tanzania (Anglican Communion), Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania (Lutheran World Federation), Baptist Convention of Tanzania (Baptist World Alliance), Assemblies of God.[22] There are also Muslim mosques. In the Temple Street, close to each other there are a large Hindu Temple built in the late 50's, one of the first such temples in Tanzania, a Vaishnava Sanatana Mandir, and a BAPS (Swaminarayan) temple - all of them serving the Hindu community.

View of Lake Victoria and Mwanza

Climate

Mwanza features a tropical savanna climate under the Köppen climate classification. Temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year, tempered by the city's altitude. Thus, the climate is not quite as hot as one might expect, given the city's location near the equator. Average temperatures in Mwanza is roughly 23.5 °C (74.3 °F) throughout the year. The city features a lengthy wet season which runs from October through May and a short pronounced dry season that covers the remaining four months. Mwanza receives on average roughly 1,050 millimetres (41 in) of precipitation annually.

Climate data for Mwanza (1991-2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 35.0
(95.0) 		35.0
(95.0) 		36.6
(97.9) 		34.0
(93.2) 		35.6
(96.1) 		35.0
(95.0) 		34.0
(93.2) 		34.2
(93.6) 		34.5
(94.1) 		36.0
(96.8) 		35.6
(96.1) 		34.2
(93.6) 		36.6
(97.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 27.8
(82.0) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.7
(83.7) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.5
(83.3) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.9
(84.0) 		29.1
(84.4) 		29.3
(84.7) 		28.9
(84.0) 		27.9
(82.2) 		27.5
(81.5) 		28.6
(83.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 22.8
(73.0) 		23.3
(73.9) 		23.2
(73.8) 		23.1
(73.6) 		23.2
(73.8) 		22.7
(72.9) 		22.2
(72.0) 		22.6
(72.7) 		23.4
(74.1) 		23.4
(74.1) 		22.9
(73.2) 		22.8
(73.0) 		23.0
(73.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 18.1
(64.6) 		18.0
(64.4) 		18.2
(64.8) 		18.4
(65.1) 		18.1
(64.6) 		16.5
(61.7) 		15.6
(60.1) 		16.7
(62.1) 		17.7
(63.9) 		18.3
(64.9) 		18.4
(65.1) 		18.3
(64.9) 		17.7
(63.9)
Record low °C (°F) 10.8
(51.4) 		11.0
(51.8) 		14.0
(57.2) 		14.0
(57.2) 		13.0
(55.4) 		12.0
(53.6) 		11.0
(51.8) 		11.0
(51.8) 		13.0
(55.4) 		13.0
(55.4) 		10.8
(51.4) 		12.0
(53.6) 		10.8
(51.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 113.7
(4.48) 		82.0
(3.23) 		154.5
(6.08) 		173.0
(6.81) 		70.3
(2.77) 		25.7
(1.01) 		5.0
(0.20) 		23.7
(0.93) 		42.3
(1.67) 		120.6
(4.75) 		158.3
(6.23) 		146.0
(5.75) 		1,115.1
(43.91)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9.9 6.7 10.7 13.0 7.3 1.9 0.5 2.3 4.0 8.8 13.4 11.9 90.4
Average relative humidity (%) 71 71 69 74 70 66 58 58 59 61 71 73 67
Mean monthly sunshine hours 229.4 211.9 235.6 231.0 254.2 282.0 285.2 266.6 252.0 241.8 210.0 223.2 2,922.9
Mean daily sunshine hours 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 8.2 9.4 9.2 8.6 8.4 7.8 7.0 7.2 8.0
Source 1: NOAA[23]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes, humidity, and sun),[24] Tokyo Climate Center (mean temperatures 1991–2020)[25]

Transport

Airport

Aircraft at Mwanza Airport.
The Mwanza Railway Station.
Two ferries from Kamanga arriving at the port of Mwanza.

Mwanza is served by the Mwanza Airport, which is designated as a regional airport.[26]

Air Tanzania offers flights to Dar es Salaam.[27] Precision Air has daily flights to Mwanza, including from Nairobi (via Kilimanjaro),[28] and Air Tanzania also flies to the city.[29]

Railway

The city is connected by rail with Shinyanga on a branch of Tanzania's Central Railway.[30] Twice a week the train departs to Dar es Salaam, via Dodoma, Tabora and Kigoma.[31]

Buses

Nyegezi bus station is located in Nyamagana district. Buses going to the south and west leave from Nyegezi, as well as international services.[32]

Buzuruga bus station is located in Ilemela district. Buses going to the east, North and the Kenyan border depart from Buzuruga bus station.[32]

Ferry

In December 2014 the regular ferry service between Mwanza, Bukoba and Kampala was halted whilst the ferry boat MV Victoria underwent major maintenance.[33][needs update]

Sports

The CCM Kirumba Stadium.

The CCM Kirumba Stadium has hosted matches of the Tanzania national football team.[34]

Mbao FC is a football team from Mwanza that was promoted to the Tanzanian Premier League at the end of the 2015/2016 football season.[35]

Cooperation with cities outside Tanzania

  • The Jamatkhana Mosque.
    The Jamatkhana Mosque.
  • The Nyakahoja Catholic Church.
    The Nyakahoja Catholic Church.
  • A street sight of Mwanza downtown.
    A street sight of Mwanza downtown.
  • Mwanza a city among the rocks.
    Mwanza a city among the rocks.
  • Nyerere road, Mwanza
    Nyerere road, Mwanza
  • The Mwanza city centre.
    The Mwanza city centre.
  • Bismark rock in Rock city.
    Bismark rock in Rock city.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Tanzania". Citypopulation.de. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  2. ^ "Mwanza, the rock city with a rich history". The East African. Nairobi. 10 April 2010. Archived from the original on 19 December 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  3. ^ PopulationStat
  4. ^ Section 1.2, "Mwanza Region Socio-Economic Profile", joint publication by the Planning Commission Dar es Salaam and the Regional Commissioner's Office Mwanza, October 1997, page 4
  5. ^ Mwanza population statistics
  6. ^ Moses Matthew (30 December 2011). "Mwanza city on a major shopping project". Daily News. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
  7. ^ "Rock City Mall".
  8. ^ "Commercial Credit Report for Tanzania Breweries Limited - Report Preview". www.crmz.com. Retrieved 2017-09-04.
  9. ^ "Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries". www.mifugouvuvi.go.tz.
  10. ^ George Ramadhani (2 November 2006). "MPs tell Mwanza fisheries to clear Darwin's Nightmare". Kafoi. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  11. ^ "Darwin's Nightmare (2004)". IMDB. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  12. ^ a b c "Tanzania - Mwanza Urban Water Supply And Sanitation Authority (MWAUWASA)". www.vei.nl.
  13. ^ "The Lake Victoria Water and Sanitation (LVWATSAN-Mwanza) Project: Mobilization and Institutional Facilitation of Sanitation (UN-Habitat) – UN-Habitat". Retrieved 9 December 2018.
  14. ^ a b Katume, Nita (8 November 2017). "Mwauwasa's US $16.7m water project to serve over 45,000 residents in Tanzania". Construction Review Online.
  15. ^ "ADB Business Bulletin May 2011" (PDF). www.afdb.org. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
  16. ^ "Case study: Mwanza" (PDF). www.odi.org.
  17. ^ Tanzania travel guide (6 ed.). Lonely Planet. June 2015. p. 223. ISBN 978-1742207797.
  18. ^ "Serengeti". Serengeti - The National Park's Official Website. Retrieved 22 October 2016.
  19. ^ "Rubondo". Tanzania Parks. Archived from the original on 2012-09-29.
  20. ^ Tanzania travel guide (6 ed.). Lonely Planet. June 2015. p. 229. ISBN 978-1742207797.
  21. ^ "St. Augustine University of Tanzania".
  22. ^ Britannica, Tanzania, britannica.com, USA, accessed on January 5, 2020
  23. ^ "Mwanza Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 16 September 2023. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
  24. ^ "Klimatafel von Mwanza (Muansa) / Victoria-See / Tansania" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved 10 June 2016.
  25. ^ "Normals Data: Mwanza - Tanzania Latitude: 2.47°N Longitude: 32.92°E Height: 1139 (m)". Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  26. ^ "Airports (menu)". Tanzania Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  27. ^ "Destinations". Fastjet. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  28. ^ "Destinations". Precision Air. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  29. ^ "Local Destinations". Air Tanzania. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  30. ^ "United Republic of Tanzania (map)" (PDF). Department of Peacekeeping Operations. UN. January 2006. Retrieved 14 May 2013.
  31. ^ "Train travel in Tanzania and Zambia". Seat61.com. January 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  32. ^ a b Tanzania travel guide (6 ed.). Lonely Planet. June 2015. p. 228. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
  33. ^ "Victoria ferry suspends work". East African Business Week. 10 January 2015. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
  34. ^ "Rwanda draw headache for TZ". The Citizen. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  35. ^ "Mbao FC Promoted to Premier League". www.allafrica.com.
  36. ^ "Tampere-Mwanza Local Governance Cooperation project", The City of Tampere
  37. ^ "Tifariti commune signs cooperation, twinning agreements with several African cities", Agence Maghreb Arabe Presse, published on the website of The Free Library, 21 December 2009
  38. ^ "HIV: New Problems for Africa", University of Würzburg
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