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{{Use South African English|date=December 2013}} |
{{Use South African English|date=December 2013}} |
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{{Year in South Africa|1978}} |
{{Year in South Africa|1978}} |
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The following lists events that happened during '''1978 in South Africa'''. |
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==Incumbents== |
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* [[State President of South Africa|State President]]: |
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** [[Nico Diederichs]] (until 21 August).<ref name="RSA">[http://www.archontology.org/nations/south_africa/sa_pres1/ Archontology.org: A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Heads of State: 1961-1994] (Accessed on 14 April 2017)</ref> |
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** [[Marais Viljoen]] (acting from 21 August until 9 October).<ref name="RSA"/> |
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** [[B. J. Vorster|John Vorster]] (from 10 October).<ref name="RSA"/> |
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* [[Prime Minister of South Africa|Prime Minister]]: |
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** [[B. J. Vorster|John Vorster]] (until 2 October). |
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** [[P. W. Botha|P.W. Botha]] (from 9 October). |
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* [[Chief Justice of South Africa|Chief Justice]]: [[Frans Lourens Herman Rumpff]]. |
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==Events== |
==Events== |
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;January |
;January |
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* Former [[African National Congress]] |
* Former [[African National Congress]] member Steve Mtshali, state witness in various trials, is shot and wounded. |
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;February |
;February |
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* 2 & |
* 2 – Guerrillas attack the [[Daveyton, Gauteng|Daveyton]] police station. |
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* 2 & |
* 2 – [[Kaiser Matanzima]] breaks all diplomatic ties with South Africa and announces that all [[South African Defence Force]] members seconded to the Transkei Army will leave [[Transkei]] by 31 March. |
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* 2 & |
* 2 – The [[Eastern Cape]] Attorney-General refuses to prosecute policemen involved in the arrest and detention of [[Steve Biko]]. |
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* |
* A bomb capable of destroying a 22-storey building is found in a [[Johannesburg]] office block and defused. |
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;March |
;March |
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* 10 & |
* 10 – A bomb explodes outside the offices of the Bantu Affairs building in [[Port Elizabeth]], killing one civilian. |
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;April |
;April |
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* 14 & |
* 14 – Abel Mthembu, former deputy president of the ANC in the [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]], turns state witness at the [[Pretoria]] ANC trial. |
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;May |
;May |
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* 4 & |
* 4 – The [[South African Defence Force]] launches an airborne attack on [[Battle of Cassinga|Cassinga]] in Angola during [[Operation Reindeer]]. |
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* 4 & |
* 4 – [[Azanian People's Organisation]] members Ishmael Mkhabela and Lybon Mabasa are arrested in [[Soweto]]. |
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;August |
;August |
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* 21 & |
* 21 – [[Marais Viljoen]] becomes acting [[State President of South Africa]].<ref name="RSA"/> |
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* 23 – [[Operation Saffraan]], a South African Defence Force retaliatory raid, is carried out in Zambia. |
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;September |
;September |
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* The [[African National Congress]] attempts to kill about 500 of its own cadres by poisoning their food because an infiltrated enemy agent could not be identified.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=2652 |title=AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS - The ANC's second submission to the TRC: Operations Report - 2.2. June 1976 - Kabwe, 1985 |access-date=21 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007224203/http://www.anc.org.za/show.php?id=2652 |archive-date=7 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* 29 — [[Pieter Willem Botha]] succeeds [[B.J. Vorster|Balthazar Johannes Vorster]] as 9th [[Prime Minister of South Africa]].<ref name="Jeffery">{{Jeffery-People's War}}</ref>{{rp|53}} |
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* The [[African National Congress]] attempts to kill about 500 of its own cadres by poisoning their food because an enemy agent had escaped the screening procedures and could not be identified. See the [http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pubs/umrabulo/umrabulo14/umkhonto.html Black September episode.] |
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;October |
;October |
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* |
* 9 – [[P. W. Botha|P.W. Botha]] succeeds [[B. J. Vorster|John Vorster]] as [[Prime Minister of South Africa]].<ref name="RSA"/><ref name="Jeffery">{{Jeffery-People's War|page=53}}</ref> |
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* 10 – John Vorster becomes [[State President of South Africa]].<ref name="RSA"/> |
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* 31 & |
* 31 – The [[South African Railways]] sets a still unbeaten [[Land speed record for rail vehicles|world rail speed record]].<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/><ref name="Middleton"/> |
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;December |
;December |
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;Unknown date |
;Unknown date |
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* The [[South African Defence Force]] |
* The [[South African Defence Force]] attacks several [[SWAPO]] bases in [[Angola]] during [[Operation Bruilof]]. |
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* The SADF's [[ |
* The SADF's [[32 Battalion (South Africa)|32 Battalion]] moves into southern Angola to flush out SWAPO members during [[Operation Seiljag]]. |
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* [[George Bizos]] becomes a senior member of the Johannesburg Bar. |
* [[George Bizos]] becomes a senior member of the Johannesburg Bar. |
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* |
* The Atomic Energy Corporation builds South Africa's first nuclear weapon device. |
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* South Korea ends diplomatic relations with South Africa it established in 1961, in protest of apartheid.<ref name="mofa.go.kr">{{cite web|url=http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070824/1_24466.jsp?menu=m_30_50|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117164322/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070824/1_24466.jsp?menu=m_30_50|url-status=dead|archive-date=2015-11-17|title=Countries and Regions > Middle East and Africa > List of the Countries|first=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of|last=Korea}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://zaf.mofa.go.kr/webmodule/common/download.jsp?boardid=15140&tablename=TYPE_ENGLEGATIO&seqno=02cfc9044ffb03e05c07c019&fileseq=012fe9fba029fc3f9d07d029|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117164322/http://zaf.mofa.go.kr/webmodule/common/download.jsp?boardid=15140&tablename=TYPE_ENGLEGATIO&seqno=02cfc9044ffb03e05c07c019&fileseq=012fe9fba029fc3f9d07d029|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 November 2015|title=South Korea-South Africa Relations|work=The Embassy of the Republic of Korea to the Republic of South Africa|date=6 April 2015|accessdate=7 October 2016}}</ref> |
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==Births== |
==Births== |
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* 23 February – [[Siyabonga Shibe]], actor |
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* 3 April — [[John Smit]], Springbok rugby player and captain of the [[2007 Rugby World Cup]] champions. |
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* 24 February – [[Bolla Conradie]], rugby player |
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* 28 February – [[Rowen Fernández]], football player |
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* 22 March – [[Heinz Winckler]], singer, winner of [[Idols South Africa (season 1)]] |
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* 27 March – [[Professor (musician)]], recording artist |
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* 30 March – [[Bok van Blerk]], singer-songwriter |
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* 3 April – [[John Smit]], [[Springboks]], rugby captain |
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* 6 April – [[Jaco van der Westhuyzen]], Springbok rugby player |
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* 6 May – [[Danie Rossouw]], Jaco van der Westhuyzen |
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* 8 May – [[Nkhensani Kubayi-Ngubane]], national minister |
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* 7 June – [[DuPreez Strauss]], music director, TV, theatre and radio producer, composer, lyricist, writer, casting director, orchestra conductor and TV personality<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvsa.co.za/actorprofile.asp?actorID=14958|title=DuPreez Strauss|work=tvsa.co.za}}</ref> |
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* 25 June – [[De Wet Barry]], Springbok rugby player |
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* 30 June – [[Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams]], national minister |
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* 8 August – [[Lawrence Sephaka]], Springbok rugby player |
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* 10 August – [[Karen Zoid]], singer |
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* 23 October – [[Wayne Julies]], Springbok rugby player |
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* 7 November – [[Katlego Danke]], actress |
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* 20 November – [[Neil de Kock]], Springbok rugby player |
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* 18 December – [[Lulu Dikana]], singer, older sister of singer [[Zonke]] (d. 2014) |
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* 29 December – [[André Pretorius]], Springbok rugby player |
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==Deaths== |
==Deaths== |
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* 8 January & |
* 8 January – [[Rick Turner (philosopher)|Rick Turner]], activist and academic. (b. 1941) |
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* 12 January & |
* 12 January – [[Monty Naicker]], medical doctor and activist. (b. 1910) |
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* 27 February – [[Robert Sobukwe]], political activist. (b. 1924) |
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* 12 January — Philemon (Duma) Nokwe, politician and the first black [[advocate]] of the Supreme Court of Transvaal. |
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⚫ | |||
* 4 June — Benjamin John Peter Tyamzashe, [[Xhosa people|Xhosa]] composer, choir conductor and organist, dies in [[East London, South Africa|East London]]. |
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* 21 August – [[Nico Diederichs]], [[State President of South Africa]]. (b. 1903) |
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⚫ | |||
== |
==Railways== |
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[[File:Class 7E E7058.JPG|thumb|[[South African Class 7E|Class 7E]]]] |
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[[File:Class 9E E9003.jpg|thumb|[[South African Class 9E, Series 1|Class 9E, Series 1]]]] |
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=== |
===Locomotives=== |
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* Three new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the [[South African Railways]] |
* Three new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the [[South African Railways]]: |
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** August & |
** August – The first of 58 [[South African Class 34-800|Class 34-800]] [[EMD GT26 Series#GT26MC|General Motors Electro-Motive Division type GT26MC]] diesel-electric locomotives.<ref name="Middleton">{{Middleton-SA Loco Guide|pages=38-39, 41, 46, 56–57}}</ref><ref name="E&D diagram-book">South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended</ref> |
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** The first of one hundred [[South African Class 7E|Class 7E]] electric locomotives, the SAR's first 25 kV AC locomotive.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/> |
** The first of one hundred [[South African Class 7E|Class 7E]] electric locomotives, the SAR's first 25 kV AC locomotive.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/> |
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** The first of twenty-five [[South African Class 9E, Series 1|{{nowrap|Class 9E}}, Series 1]] electric locomotives, the SAR's first 50 kV AC locomotive, on the Sishen-Saldanha iron ore line.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/> |
** The first of twenty-five [[South African Class 9E, Series 1|{{nowrap|Class 9E}}, Series 1]] electric locomotives, the SAR's first 50 kV AC locomotive, on the Sishen-Saldanha iron ore line.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/><ref name="E&D diagram-book"/> |
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* 31 October – SAR [[South African Class 6E1, Series 4|Class 6E1, Series 4]] locomotive no. E1525 reaches a speed of {{convert|245|km/h|mph|0|abbr=off}} on a stretch of track between [[Westonaria]] and Midway, a still unbeaten [[Land speed record for rail vehicles#Conventional wheeled - Narrow gauge|world rail speed record]] on {{nowrap|3 feet}} {{nowrap|6 inches}} (1,067 millimetres) [[Cape gauge]] track.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne"/><ref name="Middleton"/> |
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* |
* The SAR rebuilds [[South African Class Exp AC|Class 6E1, Series 5 no. E1600]], a 3 kV DC electric locomotive, as a test-bed for use during 25 kV AC electrification.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Paxton-Bourne|pages=128–131, 136}}</ref> |
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* The SAR rebuilds [[South African Class Exp AC|Class 6E1, Series 5 no. E1600]], a 3 kV DC electric locomotive, as a test-bed for use during 25 kV AC electrification.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Paxton-Bourne|}}</ref>{{rp|128–129, 136}} |
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==Sports== |
==Sports== |
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===Motorsport=== |
===Motorsport=== |
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* 4 March & |
* 4 March – The [[1978 South African Grand Prix|South African Grand Prix]] takes place at [[Kyalami]]. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist|30em}} |
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{{South Africa year nav}} |
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{{Africa topic|1978 in|state=collapsed}} |
{{Africa topic|1978 in|state=collapsed}} |
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[[Category:1978 by country|South Africa]] |
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[[Category:Years in South Africa]] |
Latest revision as of 02:08, 31 July 2024
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Decades: | |||||
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See also: |
The following lists events that happened during 1978 in South Africa.
Incumbents
[edit]- State President:
- Nico Diederichs (until 21 August).[1]
- Marais Viljoen (acting from 21 August until 9 October).[1]
- John Vorster (from 10 October).[1]
- Prime Minister:
- John Vorster (until 2 October).
- P.W. Botha (from 9 October).
- Chief Justice: Frans Lourens Herman Rumpff.
Events
[edit]- January
- Former African National Congress member Steve Mtshali, state witness in various trials, is shot and wounded.
- February
- 2 – Guerrillas attack the Daveyton police station.
- 2 – Kaiser Matanzima breaks all diplomatic ties with South Africa and announces that all South African Defence Force members seconded to the Transkei Army will leave Transkei by 31 March.
- 2 – The Eastern Cape Attorney-General refuses to prosecute policemen involved in the arrest and detention of Steve Biko.
- A bomb capable of destroying a 22-storey building is found in a Johannesburg office block and defused.
- March
- 10 – A bomb explodes outside the offices of the Bantu Affairs building in Port Elizabeth, killing one civilian.
- April
- 14 – Abel Mthembu, former deputy president of the ANC in the Transvaal, turns state witness at the Pretoria ANC trial.
- May
- 4 – The South African Defence Force launches an airborne attack on Cassinga in Angola during Operation Reindeer.
- 4 – Azanian People's Organisation members Ishmael Mkhabela and Lybon Mabasa are arrested in Soweto.
- August
- 21 – Marais Viljoen becomes acting State President of South Africa.[1]
- 23 – Operation Saffraan, a South African Defence Force retaliatory raid, is carried out in Zambia.
- September
- The African National Congress attempts to kill about 500 of its own cadres by poisoning their food because an infiltrated enemy agent could not be identified.[2]
- October
- 9 – P.W. Botha succeeds John Vorster as Prime Minister of South Africa.[1][3]
- 10 – John Vorster becomes State President of South Africa.[1]
- 31 – The South African Railways sets a still unbeaten world rail speed record.[4][5]
- December
- A bomb explodes at the Soweto Community Council offices.
- Unknown date
- The South African Defence Force attacks several SWAPO bases in Angola during Operation Bruilof.
- The SADF's 32 Battalion moves into southern Angola to flush out SWAPO members during Operation Seiljag.
- George Bizos becomes a senior member of the Johannesburg Bar.
- The Atomic Energy Corporation builds South Africa's first nuclear weapon device.
- South Korea ends diplomatic relations with South Africa it established in 1961, in protest of apartheid.[6][7]
Births
[edit]- 23 February – Siyabonga Shibe, actor
- 24 February – Bolla Conradie, rugby player
- 28 February – Rowen Fernández, football player
- 22 March – Heinz Winckler, singer, winner of Idols South Africa (season 1)
- 27 March – Professor (musician), recording artist
- 30 March – Bok van Blerk, singer-songwriter
- 3 April – John Smit, Springboks, rugby captain
- 6 April – Jaco van der Westhuyzen, Springbok rugby player
- 6 May – Danie Rossouw, Jaco van der Westhuyzen
- 8 May – Nkhensani Kubayi-Ngubane, national minister
- 7 June – DuPreez Strauss, music director, TV, theatre and radio producer, composer, lyricist, writer, casting director, orchestra conductor and TV personality[8]
- 25 June – De Wet Barry, Springbok rugby player
- 30 June – Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams, national minister
- 8 August – Lawrence Sephaka, Springbok rugby player
- 10 August – Karen Zoid, singer
- 23 October – Wayne Julies, Springbok rugby player
- 7 November – Katlego Danke, actress
- 20 November – Neil de Kock, Springbok rugby player
- 18 December – Lulu Dikana, singer, older sister of singer Zonke (d. 2014)
- 29 December – André Pretorius, Springbok rugby player
Deaths
[edit]- 8 January – Rick Turner, activist and academic. (b. 1941)
- 12 January – Monty Naicker, medical doctor and activist. (b. 1910)
- 27 February – Robert Sobukwe, political activist. (b. 1924)
- 6 July – Papwa Sewgolum, golfer. (b. 1930)
- 21 August – Nico Diederichs, State President of South Africa. (b. 1903)
Railways
[edit]Locomotives
[edit]- Three new Cape gauge locomotive types enter service on the South African Railways:
- August – The first of 58 Class 34-800 General Motors Electro-Motive Division type GT26MC diesel-electric locomotives.[5][9]
- The first of one hundred Class 7E electric locomotives, the SAR's first 25 kV AC locomotive.[4]
- The first of twenty-five Class 9E, Series 1 electric locomotives, the SAR's first 50 kV AC locomotive, on the Sishen-Saldanha iron ore line.[4][9]
- 31 October – SAR Class 6E1, Series 4 locomotive no. E1525 reaches a speed of 245 kilometres per hour (152 miles per hour) on a stretch of track between Westonaria and Midway, a still unbeaten world rail speed record on 3 feet 6 inches (1,067 millimetres) Cape gauge track.[4][5]
- The SAR rebuilds Class 6E1, Series 5 no. E1600, a 3 kV DC electric locomotive, as a test-bed for use during 25 kV AC electrification.[4]
Sports
[edit]Motorsport
[edit]- 4 March – The South African Grand Prix takes place at Kyalami.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Archontology.org: A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Heads of State: 1961-1994 (Accessed on 14 April 2017)
- ^ "AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS - The ANC's second submission to the TRC: Operations Report - 2.2. June 1976 - Kabwe, 1985". Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2014.
- ^ Jeffery, Anthea (2009). People's War - New Light on the Struggle for South Africa (1st ed.). Johannesburg & Cape Town: Jonathan Ball Publishers. p. 53. ISBN 978-1-86842-357-6.
- ^ a b c d e Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 128–131, 136. ISBN 0869772112.
- ^ a b c Middleton, John N. (2002). Railways of Southern Africa Locomotive Guide - 2002 (as amended by Combined Amendment List 4, January 2009) (2nd, Dec 2002 ed.). Herts, England: Beyer-Garratt Publications. pp. 38–39, 41, 46, 56–57.
- ^ Korea, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of. "Countries and Regions > Middle East and Africa > List of the Countries". Archived from the original on 17 November 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "South Korea-South Africa Relations". The Embassy of the Republic of Korea to the Republic of South Africa. 6 April 2015. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
- ^ "DuPreez Strauss". tvsa.co.za.
- ^ a b South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended