Bertelsmann Music Group: Difference between revisions
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{{ |
{{Short description|American record label}} |
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{{for|the current music company called BMG|BMG Rights Management}} |
{{for|the current music company called BMG|BMG Rights Management}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}} |
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| name = Bertelsmann Music Group |
| name = Bertelsmann Music Group |
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| logo = Bertelsmann Music Group Logo.svg |
| logo = Bertelsmann Music Group Logo.svg |
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| former_names = {{Nowrap| |
| former_names = {{Nowrap|RCA/Ariola International (1985–1987)}} |
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| fate = |
| fate = The company and most of its assets were sold to [[Sony Corporation of America]]; Japanese assets acquired by [[Sony Music Entertainment Japan]] |
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| successors = {{ubl|[[Sony Music]]|[[BMG Rights Management]]}} |
| successors = {{ubl|[[Sony Music]]|[[BMG Rights Management]]}} |
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| type = [[Division (business)|Division]] |
| type = [[Division (business)|Division]] |
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| industry = Music |
| industry = [[Music industry|Music]] |
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| predecessor = {{plainlist| |
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⚫ | |||
* [[RCA Records]] |
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⚫ | |||
* [[Ariola Records]] |
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⚫ | |||
}} |
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| area_served = Worldwide |
| area_served = Worldwide |
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| key_people = |
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| products = Music and entertainment |
| products = Music and entertainment |
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| owner = [[Bertelsmann Stiftung]]<br>(1987–2008) |
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| website = |
| website = |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Bertelsmann Music Group''' ('''BMG''') was a division of German media company [[Bertelsmann]] before its completion of sale of the majority of its assets to [[Sony Corporation of America]] on 1 October 2008. Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as '''RCA/Ariola International''' in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of |
'''Bertelsmann Music Group''' ('''BMG''') was a division of a German media company [[Bertelsmann]] before its completion of sale of the majority of its assets to [[Sony Corporation of America]] on 1 October 2008. |
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Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as '''RCA/Ariola International''' in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of [[RCA]]'s [[RCA Records]] division and Bertelsmann's [[Ariola Records]] and its associated labels which include [[Arista Records]]. It consisted of the '''BMG Music Publishing''' company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with [[Sony Music]], which established the German American [[Sony BMG]] from 2004 to 2008. |
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==History== |
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In 1994, BMG acquired Italian publisher [[Casa Ricordi]], which had been founded in 1808. |
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⚫ | In March 1998, BMG sold its video game publisher BMG Interactive to [[Take-Two Interactive]], with Bertelsmann taking a 16 percent stake in Take-Two. BMG Interactive published the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' video game series.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bmg-interactive-acquired-by-taketwo-interactive--132878|title = Telecompaper}}</ref> |
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==Acquisition== |
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⚫ | In March 1998, BMG sold its video game publisher BMG Interactive to [[Take-Two Interactive]], with Bertelsmann taking a 16 percent stake in Take-Two. BMG Interactive published the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' video game series.<ref>https://www.telecompaper.com/news/bmg-interactive-acquired-by-taketwo-interactive--132878</ref> |
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The joint venture between [[Sony |
The joint venture between [[Sony]] and [[Bertelsmann]] to merge both companies' music divisions was set up in August 2004. It reduced the Big Five record companies to the [[World music market|Big Four record companies]]. At that time, the company had a 21.5% share in the global music market. Sony Music and BMG remained separate in Japan, although BMG Music Japan was wholly owned by Sony BMG. |
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On 27 March 2006, ''[[ |
On 27 March 2006, the ''[[New York Times]]'' reported that Bertelsmann was looking to raise money by leveraging some of its media assets and that executives from both companies were in talks about possibly altering the current venture. In 2008, Bertelsmann sold its 50% share of Sony BMG to Sony Corporation of America for a total of $1.5 billion and the company was renamed back to Sony Music Entertainment Inc. |
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While officially withdrawing from the business of recorded music, Bertelsmann continued its strong presence in other areas of the [[music industry]] by establishing BMG Rights Management, which specializes in [[Music publisher (popular music)|music rights management]] and by representing artists and authors. It is mainly active in European markets. The basis of the company was formed through BMG's decision to withhold selected European music catalogues from the former Sony BMG joint venture and the [[Universal Music Publishing Group|BMG Publishing]] businesses. |
While officially withdrawing from the business of recorded music, Bertelsmann continued its strong presence in other areas of the [[music industry]] by establishing BMG Rights Management, which specializes in [[Music publisher (popular music)|music rights management]] and by representing artists and authors. It is mainly active in European markets. The basis of the company was formed through BMG's decision to withhold selected European music catalogues from the former Sony BMG joint venture and the [[Universal Music Publishing Group|BMG Publishing]] businesses. |
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==Subsidiaries== |
==Subsidiaries== |
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Now part of Sony Music Entertainment after the buyout of [[Bertelsmann |
Now part of Sony Music Entertainment after the buyout of [[Bertelsmann]]'s 50% stake in Sony BMG. |
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{{colbegin}} |
{{colbegin}} |
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* [[Ariola Records]] |
* [[Ariola Records]] |
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* [[RCA Music Group]] |
* [[RCA Music Group]] |
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** [[RCA Records]] |
** [[RCA Records]] |
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*** [[RCA Red Seal]] |
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*** [[RCA Victor|RCA Victor Group]] |
*** [[RCA Victor|RCA Victor Group]] |
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**** [[Windham Hill Records|The Windham Hill Group]] |
**** [[Windham Hill Records|The Windham Hill Group]] |
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==BMG Music Publishing== |
==BMG Music Publishing== |
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BMG Music Publishing (formerly known as '''RCA Music Publishing'''), which was not part of the [[Sony BMG]] merger, was a business of the Bertelsmann Music Group until it was sold to [[Universal Music Group]] for €1.63 billion in 2007. Universal then folded the company into [[Universal Music Publishing Group]], and the BMG name was retired.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/5319050.stm|title=Universal to buy BMG publishing|publisher=News |
BMG Music Publishing (formerly known as '''RCA Music Publishing'''), which was not part of the [[Sony BMG]] merger, was a business of the Bertelsmann Music Group until it was sold to [[Universal Music Group]] for €1.63 billion in 2007. Universal then folded the company into [[Universal Music Publishing Group]], and the BMG name was retired.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/5319050.stm|title=Universal to buy BMG publishing|publisher=[[BBC News]]|date=6 September 2006}}</ref> The company had been headquartered at 245 [[Fifth Avenue]] in [[New York City|New York]], and had 36 offices in 25 countries. |
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===Artists=== |
===Artists=== |
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BMG Music Publishing controlled over one million copyrights. Writers/artists signed to the company included: [[Elvis Presley]], [[Ann Wilson]], [[ |
BMG Music Publishing controlled over one million copyrights. Writers/artists signed to the company included: [[Elvis Presley]], [[Ann Wilson]], [[Todd Terry]], [[Julieta Venegas]], [[Anastacia]], [[Kylie Minogue]], [[Jaguares (rock band)|Jaguares]], [[Diana Yukawa]], [[kent (band)|Kent]], [[Alcazar (band)|Alcazar]], [[Gloria Trevi]], [[Angélica María]], [[Dido (singer)|Dido]], [[Lee Ryan]], [[Ai Uemura]], [[Julieta Venegas]], [[the Troubadours]], [[Powderfinger]], [[Nelly]], [[Rammstein]], [[Milli Vanilli]], [[Modern Talking]], [[Slayer]], [[Shania Twain]], [[Nikki Webster]], [[Ville Valo]], [[Christina Aguilera]], [[Kelly Clarkson]], [[Coldplay]], [[Yellowcard]], [[Hum (band)|Hum]], [[Rob Dougan]], [[the All-American Rejects]], [[Clannad (musical group)|Clannad]], [[Iron Maiden]], [[Maroon 5]], [[Mayra Verónica]], [[Backyard Babies]], [[Hipster Daddy-O and the Handgrenades]], [[Soda Stereo]], [[Gustavo Cerati]], [[Keane (band)|Keane]], [[HARD-Fi]], [[Horace Andy]], [[the Cure]], [[the Killer Barbies]], [[Joss Stone]], [[Tom Jobim]], [[Vinícius de Moraes]], [[Elvis Costello]], [[Paul Weller (singer)|Paul Weller]], [[Sara Evans]], [[Sneaker Pimps]], [[Take That]] (1991–1996), [[Five (group)|Five]], [[Westlife]], D-Pryde, [[Louis Tomlinson]], [[Luke Friend]] and [[Mikolas Josef]]. |
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Through [[Zomba Group of Companies|Zomba Music Publishing]], BMG controlled the rights to [[Linkin Park]], [[Britney Spears]], [[Iron Maiden]], [[30 Seconds to Mars]], [[R. Kelly]], [[Justin Timberlake]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Bowling for Soup]], [[Daft Punk]], [[Katatonia]], [[Ne-Yo]], [[Anthrax (American band)|Anthrax]], [[Mudvayne]], and [[Poison (American band)|Poison]]. These artists' European rights are currently controlled by [[Concord Music|Concord Music Publishing]], through [[Imagem]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rnh.com/news/918/Imagem-Music-Group-Buys-R-H|title=Imagem Music Group Buys R&H}}</ref> |
Through [[Zomba Group of Companies|Zomba Music Publishing]], BMG controlled the rights to [[Linkin Park]], [[Britney Spears]], [[Iron Maiden]], [[30 Seconds to Mars]], [[R. Kelly]], [[Justin Timberlake]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Bowling for Soup]], [[Daft Punk]], [[Katatonia]], [[Ne-Yo]], [[Anthrax (American band)|Anthrax]], [[Mudvayne]], and [[Poison (American band)|Poison]]. These artists' European rights are currently controlled by [[Concord Music|Concord Music Publishing]], through [[Imagem]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rnh.com/news/918/Imagem-Music-Group-Buys-R-H|title=Imagem Music Group Buys R&H|access-date=5 March 2018|archive-date=20 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720194946/https://www.rnh.com/news/918/Imagem-Music-Group-Buys-R-H|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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The company's songwriters wrote chart-topping hits for [[Mariah Carey]], [[ |
The company's songwriters wrote chart-topping hits for [[Mariah Carey]], [[the Black Eyed Peas]], [[Kenny Chesney]], [[The Game (rapper)|The Game]], [[Mario (entertainer)|Mario]], [[Rascal Flatts]], [[Milli Vanilli]], [[No Doubt]], [[Thomas Anders]], [[Jessica Simpson]] and [[50 Cent]] as well as legends like [[Bob Dylan]], [[Elvis Presley]], [[Frank Sinatra]] and [[Roselyn Sánchez]]. |
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BMG Music Publishing was the global leader in |
BMG Music Publishing was the global leader in classical music and was number one in contemporary [[Christian music]]. |
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===Catalogues owned=== |
===Catalogues owned=== |
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Through international |
Through international sub-publishing deals, BMG Music Publishing represented the catalogues of [[Famous Music]] Publishing, [[Walt Disney Records|Walt Disney]], [[Roadrunner Records]], [[Leiber & Stoller]], [[Fremantle Media]], [[Pete Waterman]], and [[Malaco Records]] in various territories. |
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BMG Music Publishing acquired Complete Music in 2006.<ref>{{Cite |
BMG Music Publishing acquired Complete Music in 2006.<ref>{{Cite magazine| title = BMG Music Publishing Acquires Complete Music| magazine =[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]| date = 20 July 2006| access-date = 30 December 2020| url = https://www.billboard.com/articles/business/1352168/bmg-music-publishing-acquires-complete-music}}</ref> |
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Brentwood-Benson Music Publishing was BMG Music Publishing's Christian publisher and |
Brentwood-Benson Music Publishing was BMG Music Publishing's Christian publisher and owned over 60,000 copyrights. Like with other assets of BMG Music Publishing acquired by Universal Music, it was renamed to Universal Music Brentwood-Benson. It is nowadays managed by Capitol CMG Publishing, Universal Music's christian publishing operations under [[Capitol Christian Music Group]]. |
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==BMG Rights Management== |
==BMG Rights Management== |
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Between 1995 and 2000, music companies were found to have used illegal marketing agreements such as [[resale price maintenance|minimum advertised pricing]] to artificially inflate prices of [[compact disc]]s in order to end price wars by discounters such as [[Best Buy]] and [[Target Corporation|Target]] in the early 1990s.<ref name="nyt">{{cite web|author=Stephen Labaton |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/11/business/5-music-companies-settle-federal-case-on-cd-price-fixing.html |title=5 Music Companies Settle Federal Case On CD Price-Fixing |work=The New York Times |date=11 May 2011 |access-date=26 April 2016}}</ref> |
Between 1995 and 2000, music companies were found to have used illegal marketing agreements such as [[resale price maintenance|minimum advertised pricing]] to artificially inflate prices of [[compact disc]]s in order to end price wars by discounters such as [[Best Buy]] and [[Target Corporation|Target]] in the early 1990s.<ref name="nyt">{{cite web|author=Stephen Labaton |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/11/business/5-music-companies-settle-federal-case-on-cd-price-fixing.html |title=5 Music Companies Settle Federal Case On CD Price-Fixing |work=The New York Times |date=11 May 2011 |access-date=26 April 2016}}</ref> |
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A settlement in 2002 included the music publishers and distributors; [[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony Music]], [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music]], Bertelsmann Music Group, [[EMI|EMI Music]] and [[Universal Music Group|Universal Music]]. In restitution for [[price fixing]] they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups but admitted no wrongdoing.<ref name="usatoday">{{cite web|author=David Lieberman |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2002-09-30-cd-settlement_x.htm |title=States settle CD price-fixing case |publisher=USA Today |
A settlement in 2002 included the music publishers and distributors; [[Sony Music Entertainment|Sony Music]], [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music]], Bertelsmann Music Group, [[EMI|EMI Music]] and [[Universal Music Group|Universal Music]]. In restitution for [[price fixing]] they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups but admitted no wrongdoing.<ref name="usatoday">{{cite web|author=David Lieberman |url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2002-09-30-cd-settlement_x.htm |title=States settle CD price-fixing case |publisher=[[USA Today]]|date=30 September 2002 |access-date=26 April 2016}}</ref> It is estimated customers were overcharged by nearly $500 million and up to $5 per album.<ref name="nyt"/> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Sony Music]] |
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[[Category:Former Bertelsmann subsidiaries]] |
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[[Category:Defunct record labels of the United States]] |
[[Category:Defunct record labels of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Defunct record labels of Germany]] |
[[Category:Defunct record labels of Germany]] |
Latest revision as of 17:51, 26 July 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2014) |
Formerly | RCA/Ariola International (1985–1987) |
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Company type | Division |
Industry | Music |
Predecessor | |
Founded | 1985 1987 (as Bertelsmann Music Group) | (as RCA/Ariola International)
Defunct | 1 October 2008 |
Fate | The company and most of its assets were sold to Sony Corporation of America; Japanese assets acquired by Sony Music Entertainment Japan |
Successors | |
Headquarters | , U.S. |
Area served | Worldwide |
Products | Music and entertainment |
Owner | RCA (1985–1986; 50%) General Electric (1986–1987; 50%) Bertelsmann (1985–2008) |
Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) was a division of a German media company Bertelsmann before its completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.
Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as RCA/Ariola International in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of RCA's RCA Records division and Bertelsmann's Ariola Records and its associated labels which include Arista Records. It consisted of the BMG Music Publishing company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with Sony Music, which established the German American Sony BMG from 2004 to 2008.
History
[edit]In 1994, BMG acquired Italian publisher Casa Ricordi, which had been founded in 1808.
In March 1998, BMG sold its video game publisher BMG Interactive to Take-Two Interactive, with Bertelsmann taking a 16 percent stake in Take-Two. BMG Interactive published the Grand Theft Auto video game series.[1]
The joint venture between Sony and Bertelsmann to merge both companies' music divisions was set up in August 2004. It reduced the Big Five record companies to the Big Four record companies. At that time, the company had a 21.5% share in the global music market. Sony Music and BMG remained separate in Japan, although BMG Music Japan was wholly owned by Sony BMG.
On 27 March 2006, the New York Times reported that Bertelsmann was looking to raise money by leveraging some of its media assets and that executives from both companies were in talks about possibly altering the current venture. In 2008, Bertelsmann sold its 50% share of Sony BMG to Sony Corporation of America for a total of $1.5 billion and the company was renamed back to Sony Music Entertainment Inc.
While officially withdrawing from the business of recorded music, Bertelsmann continued its strong presence in other areas of the music industry by establishing BMG Rights Management, which specializes in music rights management and by representing artists and authors. It is mainly active in European markets. The basis of the company was formed through BMG's decision to withhold selected European music catalogues from the former Sony BMG joint venture and the BMG Publishing businesses.
Also kept separate from the acquisition by Sony Corporation of America was Sony BMG's wholly owned and operated BMG Japan. Sony Music Japan remained independent from the Sony BMG joint venture, therefore BMG and Sony labelling were kept separate in Japan under the venture. During Sony BMG's buyout, BMG Japan was instead picked up by Sony Music Entertainment Japan. It briefly continued to operate as a distinct entity until a reorganization in early 2009 folded the company into Sony Music Japan.
Subsidiaries
[edit]Now part of Sony Music Entertainment after the buyout of Bertelsmann's 50% stake in Sony BMG.
BMG Music Publishing
[edit]BMG Music Publishing (formerly known as RCA Music Publishing), which was not part of the Sony BMG merger, was a business of the Bertelsmann Music Group until it was sold to Universal Music Group for €1.63 billion in 2007. Universal then folded the company into Universal Music Publishing Group, and the BMG name was retired.[2] The company had been headquartered at 245 Fifth Avenue in New York, and had 36 offices in 25 countries.
Artists
[edit]BMG Music Publishing controlled over one million copyrights. Writers/artists signed to the company included: Elvis Presley, Ann Wilson, Todd Terry, Julieta Venegas, Anastacia, Kylie Minogue, Jaguares, Diana Yukawa, Kent, Alcazar, Gloria Trevi, Angélica María, Dido, Lee Ryan, Ai Uemura, Julieta Venegas, the Troubadours, Powderfinger, Nelly, Rammstein, Milli Vanilli, Modern Talking, Slayer, Shania Twain, Nikki Webster, Ville Valo, Christina Aguilera, Kelly Clarkson, Coldplay, Yellowcard, Hum, Rob Dougan, the All-American Rejects, Clannad, Iron Maiden, Maroon 5, Mayra Verónica, Backyard Babies, Hipster Daddy-O and the Handgrenades, Soda Stereo, Gustavo Cerati, Keane, HARD-Fi, Horace Andy, the Cure, the Killer Barbies, Joss Stone, Tom Jobim, Vinícius de Moraes, Elvis Costello, Paul Weller, Sara Evans, Sneaker Pimps, Take That (1991–1996), Five, Westlife, D-Pryde, Louis Tomlinson, Luke Friend and Mikolas Josef.
Through Zomba Music Publishing, BMG controlled the rights to Linkin Park, Britney Spears, Iron Maiden, 30 Seconds to Mars, R. Kelly, Justin Timberlake, Michael Jackson, Bowling for Soup, Daft Punk, Katatonia, Ne-Yo, Anthrax, Mudvayne, and Poison. These artists' European rights are currently controlled by Concord Music Publishing, through Imagem.[3]
The company's songwriters wrote chart-topping hits for Mariah Carey, the Black Eyed Peas, Kenny Chesney, The Game, Mario, Rascal Flatts, Milli Vanilli, No Doubt, Thomas Anders, Jessica Simpson and 50 Cent as well as legends like Bob Dylan, Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra and Roselyn Sánchez.
BMG Music Publishing was the global leader in classical music and was number one in contemporary Christian music.
Catalogues owned
[edit]Through international sub-publishing deals, BMG Music Publishing represented the catalogues of Famous Music Publishing, Walt Disney, Roadrunner Records, Leiber & Stoller, Fremantle Media, Pete Waterman, and Malaco Records in various territories.
BMG Music Publishing acquired Complete Music in 2006.[4]
Brentwood-Benson Music Publishing was BMG Music Publishing's Christian publisher and owned over 60,000 copyrights. Like with other assets of BMG Music Publishing acquired by Universal Music, it was renamed to Universal Music Brentwood-Benson. It is nowadays managed by Capitol CMG Publishing, Universal Music's christian publishing operations under Capitol Christian Music Group.
BMG Rights Management
[edit]After Sony bought out Bertelsmann's share in Sony BMG, Bertelsmann was allowed to keep the rights to several recordings from the former joint venture and rights to BMG trademark. These songs served as the foundation to BMG Rights Management. The company was originally founded with capital support of KKR, and later became a wholly owned subsidiary of Bertelsmann. It now serves as a division within Bertelsmann and as a replacement to the defunct Bertelsmann Music Group.
Criticism
[edit]CD price fixing
[edit]Between 1995 and 2000, music companies were found to have used illegal marketing agreements such as minimum advertised pricing to artificially inflate prices of compact discs in order to end price wars by discounters such as Best Buy and Target in the early 1990s.[5]
A settlement in 2002 included the music publishers and distributors; Sony Music, Warner Music, Bertelsmann Music Group, EMI Music and Universal Music. In restitution for price fixing they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups but admitted no wrongdoing.[6] It is estimated customers were overcharged by nearly $500 million and up to $5 per album.[5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Telecompaper".
- ^ "Universal to buy BMG publishing". BBC News. 6 September 2006.
- ^ "Imagem Music Group Buys R&H". Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 5 March 2018.
- ^ "BMG Music Publishing Acquires Complete Music". Billboard. 20 July 2006. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
- ^ a b Stephen Labaton (11 May 2011). "5 Music Companies Settle Federal Case On CD Price-Fixing". The New York Times. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
- ^ David Lieberman (30 September 2002). "States settle CD price-fixing case". USA Today. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
External links
[edit]- Official Bertelsmann Music Group website
- Bertelsmann Music Group (mbge.com) at the Wayback Machine (archive index)
- Official Bertelsmann website
- BMG publishing catalog at MusicBrainz
- RTL Group
- Sony Music
- Former Bertelsmann subsidiaries
- Defunct record labels of the United States
- Defunct record labels of Germany
- Record labels established in 1987
- Record labels disestablished in 2008
- Defunct companies based in New York City
- American companies established in 1987
- Mass media companies established in 1987
- Mass media companies disestablished in 2008
- Record label distributors