History of the Jews in Monaco: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Location Monaco Europe. |
[[Image:Location Monaco Europe.svg|thumb|The location of [[Monaco]] (dark green, in circle) in [[Europe]]]] |
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{{Jews and Judaism sidebar}} |
{{Jews and Judaism sidebar}} |
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{{History of Monaco}} |
{{History of Monaco}} |
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The '''history of the |
The '''history of the Jews in Monaco''' goes back at least a century, most notably to the time of [[the Holocaust]]. [[Monaco]] had a very small [[Jew]]ish presence before World War II, numbering approximately 300 people.<ref name=VOV>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LPV14lGhF8gC&q=monaco+nazi+deportation&pg=PA175 |title=Verdict on Vichy | author=Michael Curtis | publisher=Arcade Publishing| page=231| year=2003| isbn=1-55970-689-9}}</ref> During the war, the principality's government issued false identity papers to its Jewish residents to protect them from [[Nazi]] deportation.<ref name=JVL>{{cite encyclopedia | title =The Virtual Jewish History Tour: Monaco | encyclopedia =Jewish Virtual Library | url =http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/monaco.html | access-date=2009-03-13}}</ref> [[Prince Louis II of Monaco|Prince Louis II]] refused to dismiss Jewish civil servants and protected [[Édouard Alphonse de Rothschild|Édouard de Rothschild]] from deportation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Monaco|url=https://eurojewcong.org/communities/monaco/|access-date=2022-01-18|website=European Jewish Congress|date=August 28, 2015 |language=en-US}}</ref> However, Monaco's police arrested and turned over 42 Central European Jewish refugees to the Nazis.<ref name=VOV /> |
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Sixty Jews were arrested 27–28 August 1942, and ninety in total, according to ''The Algemeiner''.<ref>"The Algemeiner".</ref> |
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In 1948, the Association Cultuelle Israelite de Monaco was founded as the official organization of Monaco's Jewish community, and it provides the community with a synagogue, [[Hebrew school]] and [[kosher]] food store.<ref name="JVL" /> Today's Jewish community in Monaco consists primarily of [[retirees]] from France and the United Kingdom, and there is also a small population of North African and Turkish Jews.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Jewish Community of Monaco|publisher=Am Yisrael|url=http://www.amyisrael.co.il/europe/monaco/| |
In 1948, the Association Cultuelle Israelite de Monaco was founded as the official organization of Monaco's Jewish community, and it provides the community with a synagogue, [[Hebrew school]] and [[kosher]] food store.<ref name="JVL" /> Today's Jewish community in Monaco consists primarily of [[retirees]] from France and the United Kingdom, and there is also a small population of North African and Turkish Jews.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Jewish Community of Monaco|publisher=Am Yisrael|url=http://www.amyisrael.co.il/europe/monaco/|access-date=2008-03-06|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009065446/http://www.amyisrael.co.il/europe/monaco/|archive-date=October 9, 2007|df=mdy-all}}</ref> |
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While Monaco has almost no Jewish citizens, approximately 1,000 Jewish expatriates of other countries comprise about 2.86% of Monaco's total residents (citizen and non-citizen combined).<ref name=DoS>{{cite news |
While Monaco has almost no Jewish citizens, approximately 1,000 Jewish expatriates of other countries comprise about 2.86% of Monaco's total residents (citizen and non-citizen combined).<ref name=DoS>{{cite news | title =The International Religious Freedom Report 2008: Monaco | publisher =United States Department of State| url =https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2008/108461.htm | access-date=2009-12-13}}</ref> This means Monaco has the highest per capita total of Jewish residents of any country in the world outside Israel (though not the highest per capita number of Jewish citizens). |
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Monaco has full diplomatic relations with [[Israel]].<ref name=JVL /> |
Monaco has full diplomatic relations with [[Israel]].<ref name=JVL /> |
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== World War II monument and apology == |
== World War II monument and apology == |
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In August 2015, [[Albert II, Prince of Monaco|Prince Albert II]] apologized for the role of Monaco in deporting Jews to [[Nazi Germany]]'s [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camps]]. A monument dedicated to Monaco Jews who were so deported was unveiled by the Prince during that occasion; it stands at the [[Monaco Cemetery]].<ref>{{Cite |
In August 2015, [[Albert II, Prince of Monaco|Prince Albert II]] apologized for the role of Monaco in deporting Jews to [[Nazi Germany]]'s [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camps]]. A monument dedicated to Monaco Jews who were so deported was unveiled by the Prince during that occasion; it stands at the [[Monaco Cemetery]].<ref>{{Cite news|title = Prince Albert apologises for Monaco's role in deporting Jews to Nazi camps|url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/aug/28/prince-albert-apologises-for-monacos-role-in-deporting-jews-to-nazi-camps|website = the Guardian| date=August 28, 2015 |access-date = 2015-08-28|agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Prince Albert of Monaco Apologizes for Nazi Deportation of Jews|url=https://forward.com/news/breaking-news/319953/prince-albert-of-monaco-apologizes-for-nazi-deportation-of-jews/|access-date=2020-12-27|website=The Forward|date=August 28, 2015 |language=en-US}}</ref> |
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== House of Grimaldi == |
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The daughter of [[Caroline, Princess of Hanover]], [[Charlotte Casiraghi]], was in a relationship with Moroccan-Jewish stand-up comedian [[Gad Elmaleh]], who had gained notoriety in France, Morocco and the US.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-11-17|title=Film fest gala a spicy melting pot for Sephardic Jews|url=https://jewishjournal.com/culture/arts/84676/film-fest-gala-a-spicy-melting-pot-for-sephardic-jews/|access-date=2020-12-27|website=Jewish Journal|language=en-US}}</ref> They had a son Raphaël, who was born on 17 December 2013 and was [[Baptism|baptized]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Cohen|first=Anne|title=Monaco Gets Its Own (Jewish) Royal Baby|url=https://forward.com/schmooze/189482/monaco-gets-its-own-jewish-royal-baby/|access-date=2020-12-27|website=The Forward|date=December 18, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Cohen|first=Anne|title=No Jewish Royal Baby — Gad Elmaleh's Son Baptized|url=https://forward.com/schmooze/200843/no-jewish-royal-baby-gad-elmalehs-son-baptized/|access-date=2020-12-27|website=The Forward|date=June 26, 2014 }}</ref> Since they were not married, Raphaël is not included in the line of succession to the [[Monegasque throne]]. The couple split in June 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gad Elmaleh Confirms Split from Charlotte Casiraghi|url=https://people.com/royals/gad-elmaleh-confirms-split-from-charlotte-casiraghi/|access-date=2020-12-27|website=PEOPLE.com|language=EN}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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{{Portal|Judaism|Monaco}} |
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*[[History of the Jews in France]] |
*[[History of the Jews in France]] |
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[[Category:History of Monaco|Jews]] |
[[Category:History of Monaco|Jews]] |
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[[Category:Jewish history by country|Monaco]] |
[[Category:Jewish history by country|Monaco]] |
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[[Category:Jews and Judaism in Monaco| ]] |
[[Category:Jews and Judaism in Monaco| ]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:34, 20 July 2024
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The history of the Jews in Monaco goes back at least a century, most notably to the time of the Holocaust. Monaco had a very small Jewish presence before World War II, numbering approximately 300 people.[1] During the war, the principality's government issued false identity papers to its Jewish residents to protect them from Nazi deportation.[2] Prince Louis II refused to dismiss Jewish civil servants and protected Édouard de Rothschild from deportation.[3] However, Monaco's police arrested and turned over 42 Central European Jewish refugees to the Nazis.[1] Sixty Jews were arrested 27–28 August 1942, and ninety in total, according to The Algemeiner.[4]
In 1948, the Association Cultuelle Israelite de Monaco was founded as the official organization of Monaco's Jewish community, and it provides the community with a synagogue, Hebrew school and kosher food store.[2] Today's Jewish community in Monaco consists primarily of retirees from France and the United Kingdom, and there is also a small population of North African and Turkish Jews.[5]
While Monaco has almost no Jewish citizens, approximately 1,000 Jewish expatriates of other countries comprise about 2.86% of Monaco's total residents (citizen and non-citizen combined).[6] This means Monaco has the highest per capita total of Jewish residents of any country in the world outside Israel (though not the highest per capita number of Jewish citizens).
Monaco has full diplomatic relations with Israel.[2]
World War II monument and apology
[edit]In August 2015, Prince Albert II apologized for the role of Monaco in deporting Jews to Nazi Germany's concentration camps. A monument dedicated to Monaco Jews who were so deported was unveiled by the Prince during that occasion; it stands at the Monaco Cemetery.[7][8]
House of Grimaldi
[edit]The daughter of Caroline, Princess of Hanover, Charlotte Casiraghi, was in a relationship with Moroccan-Jewish stand-up comedian Gad Elmaleh, who had gained notoriety in France, Morocco and the US.[9] They had a son Raphaël, who was born on 17 December 2013 and was baptized.[10][11] Since they were not married, Raphaël is not included in the line of succession to the Monegasque throne. The couple split in June 2015.[12]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Michael Curtis (2003). Verdict on Vichy. Arcade Publishing. p. 231. ISBN 1-55970-689-9.
- ^ a b c "The Virtual Jewish History Tour: Monaco". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved March 13, 2009.
- ^ "Monaco". European Jewish Congress. August 28, 2015. Retrieved January 18, 2022.
- ^ "The Algemeiner".
- ^ "The Jewish Community of Monaco". Am Yisrael. Archived from the original on October 9, 2007. Retrieved March 6, 2008.
- ^ "The International Religious Freedom Report 2008: Monaco". United States Department of State. Retrieved December 13, 2009.
- ^ "Prince Albert apologises for Monaco's role in deporting Jews to Nazi camps". the Guardian. Associated Press. August 28, 2015. Retrieved August 28, 2015.
- ^ "Prince Albert of Monaco Apologizes for Nazi Deportation of Jews". The Forward. August 28, 2015. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
- ^ "Film fest gala a spicy melting pot for Sephardic Jews". Jewish Journal. November 17, 2010. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
- ^ Cohen, Anne (December 18, 2013). "Monaco Gets Its Own (Jewish) Royal Baby". The Forward. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
- ^ Cohen, Anne (June 26, 2014). "No Jewish Royal Baby — Gad Elmaleh's Son Baptized". The Forward. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
- ^ "Gad Elmaleh Confirms Split from Charlotte Casiraghi". PEOPLE.com. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
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