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Coordinates: 21°25′00″N 105°18′58″E / 21.4166°N 105.3161°E / 21.4166; 105.3161
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'''Bãi Bằng''' is an industrial area northwest of [[Hanoi]]. It is home to the large paper mill of the same name, completed in 1996.
{{for|the rock group|Bai Bang (rock group)}}
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'''Bãi Bằng''' was a controversial<ref> [http://www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jsp?d=1594&a=32935 "Pappersbruket Bai Bang i norra Vietnam har fått svidande kritik och kallats det största svenska biståndsfiaskot genom tiderna." translation from Swedish: "The papermill Bai Bang in northern Vietnam has received scathing critique and been labelled the largest Swedish development fiasco ever."]</ref> project that began as a cooperation between [[Sweden]] and [[Vietnam]] in [[1969]]. The idea was to build a [[paper mill]] in [[North Vietnam]], but a multitude of problems in the war-torn country caused the project to take until 1996 before reaching the projected capacity. The projected cost was 770 million [[Swedish krona|Swedish kronor]], but the final cost was 2.8 billion Swedish kronor.


==Controversial development project==
Construction was evaluated by the [[Chr. Michelsen Institute]], an independent, non-profit research foundation based in [[Norway]]. At present, the paper mill is one of the more successful in the country.
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The construction of the Bãi Bằng paper mill was controversial.<ref name=sida>[http://www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jsp?d=1594&a=32935 "Pappersbruket Bai Bang i norra Vietnam har fått svidande kritik och kallats det största svenska biståndsfiaskot genom tiderna." Translation from Swedish: "The papermill Bai Bang in northern Vietnam has received scathing critique and been labelled the largest Swedish development fiasco ever."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071023021055/http://www.sida.se/sida/jsp/sida.jsp?d=1594&a=32935 |date=2007-10-23 }}</ref> This project was signed as a cooperation between [[Sweden]] and then [[North Vietnam]] in 1969, with construction beginning in 1975. The construction was evaluated by the Chr. Michelsen Institute, an independent, non-profit research foundation based in [[Norway]].


However, many problems caused the project to take until 1996 before reaching the projected capacity. The projected cost was 770 million [[Swedish krona|Swedish kronor]], but instead totaled to 2.8 billion Swedish kronor. For many years, the Bãi Bằng paper mill was seen as problematic. In the long run, Bãi Bằng became a success. It is the largest paper mill in Vietnam,<ref>[http://www.sida.se/Documents/Import/pdf/Bai-Bang.pdf SIDA]</ref> and after reaching operational capacity in 1996, one of the most successful paper mills in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sweden in Vietnam: Bai Bang revisited |url=https://scandasia.com/sweden-in-vietnam-bai-bang-revisited/ |last=Persson |first=Joakim |website=ScandAsia.com |date=2017-05-29 |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref>
Sweden also launched a vocation school to provide the Bai Bang project with Vietnamese personal with the right skills and competence.


==Production and importance==
Now the machines in Bai Bang are going at its maximum. Bai Bang is producing about 40 percent of all paper in Vietnam and is one of the largest manufacturers of toilet paper in the country. In 2008 they produced 110 000 tones of paper, twice as much as planned (55 000 tons).
When the mill operates at maximum capacity it produces approximately 40 percent of all the paper in Vietnam, and is one of the largest manufacturers of toilet paper in the country.{{Citation needed |date=April 2019}} In 2008, the mill produced 110,000 tons of paper, twice as much as planned.{{Citation needed |date=April 2019}}


A project to expand the mill was started in 2005 with the goal of increasing the mill’s annual pulp capacity from 100,000 to 250,000 tons, making it one of the largest producers in the country and nearly satisfying total Vietnam's demand.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bai Bang paper mill to undergo expansion |url=https://vietnamnews.vn/economy/147390/bai-bang-paper-mill-to-undergo-expansion.html#7SuQqbjsDIjS6ujc.97 |date=2005-10-14 |website=VietnamNews.vn |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref>
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Around 2 000 people work at the mill. This investment has contributed to a high standard of living in society around Bai Bang. The village has grown into a small town with about 20 000 inhabitants. Gymnasiums and schools have been built.


The wood fiber consumed by the mill consists of [[Styrax]], a deciduous native hardwood, and bamboo from natural forests.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Bai Bang Pulp and Paper Mill project, Vietnam
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100 km northwest of Bai Bang is Ham Yen, which is the center of the forest part in the project.
|url=http://www.nzjf.org.nz/free_issues/NZJF33_4_1989/EB52E5DD-31FC-413D-B4AA-1BE445DD9539.pdf |last=Williamson |first=Maurice |journal=New Zealand Journal of Forestry |issue=February 1989 |pages=19–20 |access-date=2019-04-09}}</ref>


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Around 2,000 people work at Bãi Bằng. This investment has contributed to a high standard of living around Bãi Bằng. The village has grown into a small town with about 20,000 inhabitants.<ref name=sida/>
The paper today is produced of bamboo, eucalyptus and acacia

Many Swedes who worked and lived there are going back there now as tourists and there is currently also a Swedish travel agency [http://travelbase.org/ TravelBase]who arrange special tours to [http://www.vica.vnn.vn/uni/hop_tac/engl/baibang/evn_td.htm Bai Bang Paper].


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100&nbsp;km northwest of Bãi Bằng is Ham Yen, which is the center of the forest part in the project.


Many Swedes who worked and lived in Bãi Bằng are coming back as tourists. The Swedish travel agency TravelBase arranges special tours to the paper mill.{{Citation needed|date=July 2013}}


==References==
==References==
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* [http://www.cmi.no/research/project/?136=the-bai-bang-paper-mill-project-in-vietnam Chr. Michelsen Institute evaluation of the project]
* [http://www.cmi.no/research/project/?136=the-bai-bang-paper-mill-project-in-vietnam Chr. Michelsen Institute evaluation of the project]


{{Paper}}
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[[Category:Grinding mills]]
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bai Bang}}
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[[Category:Pulp and paper mills]]
[[Category:Industry in Vietnam]]


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{{Vietnam-stub}}


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[[no:Bai Bang Paper Company]]
[[sv:Bai Bang]]
[[vi:Bãi Bằng]]

Latest revision as of 11:55, 16 July 2024

Bãi Bằng is an industrial area northwest of Hanoi. It is home to the large paper mill of the same name, completed in 1996.

Controversial development project

[edit]

The construction of the Bãi Bằng paper mill was controversial.[1] This project was signed as a cooperation between Sweden and then North Vietnam in 1969, with construction beginning in 1975. The construction was evaluated by the Chr. Michelsen Institute, an independent, non-profit research foundation based in Norway.

However, many problems caused the project to take until 1996 before reaching the projected capacity. The projected cost was 770 million Swedish kronor, but instead totaled to 2.8 billion Swedish kronor. For many years, the Bãi Bằng paper mill was seen as problematic. In the long run, Bãi Bằng became a success. It is the largest paper mill in Vietnam,[2] and after reaching operational capacity in 1996, one of the most successful paper mills in the country.[3]

Production and importance

[edit]

When the mill operates at maximum capacity it produces approximately 40 percent of all the paper in Vietnam, and is one of the largest manufacturers of toilet paper in the country.[citation needed] In 2008, the mill produced 110,000 tons of paper, twice as much as planned.[citation needed]

A project to expand the mill was started in 2005 with the goal of increasing the mill’s annual pulp capacity from 100,000 to 250,000 tons, making it one of the largest producers in the country and nearly satisfying total Vietnam's demand.[4]

The wood fiber consumed by the mill consists of Styrax, a deciduous native hardwood, and bamboo from natural forests.[5]

Around 2,000 people work at Bãi Bằng. This investment has contributed to a high standard of living around Bãi Bằng. The village has grown into a small town with about 20,000 inhabitants.[1]

100 km northwest of Bãi Bằng is Ham Yen, which is the center of the forest part in the project.

Many Swedes who worked and lived in Bãi Bằng are coming back as tourists. The Swedish travel agency TravelBase arranges special tours to the paper mill.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Pappersbruket Bai Bang i norra Vietnam har fått svidande kritik och kallats det största svenska biståndsfiaskot genom tiderna." Translation from Swedish: "The papermill Bai Bang in northern Vietnam has received scathing critique and been labelled the largest Swedish development fiasco ever." Archived 2007-10-23 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ SIDA
  3. ^ Persson, Joakim (2017-05-29). "Sweden in Vietnam: Bai Bang revisited". ScandAsia.com. Retrieved 2019-04-09.
  4. ^ "Bai Bang paper mill to undergo expansion". VietnamNews.vn. 2005-10-14. Retrieved 2019-04-09.
  5. ^ Williamson, Maurice. "Bai Bang Pulp and Paper Mill project, Vietnam" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Forestry (February 1989): 19–20. Retrieved 2019-04-09.
[edit]

21°25′00″N 105°18′58″E / 21.4166°N 105.3161°E / 21.4166; 105.3161


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