Libya of Egypt: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Goddess in Roman and Greek mythology}} |
{{short description|Goddess in Roman and Greek mythology}} |
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{{For|the present-day North |
{{For|the present-day [[North Africa]]n nation|Libya}}{{Other uses|Libya (Greek myth)}}{{Other uses|Lybie}}[[Image:Herodotus world map-en.svg|right|thumb|275px|Modern representation of the geography in [[Herodotus]]'s ''[[Histories (Herodotus)|Histories]]'', showing the area of Libya in north Africa, circa 450 BC]] |
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'''Libya |
'''Libya (mythology) ''' ({{lang-grc|Λιβύη|Libýē}}) is the daughter of [[Epaphus]], King of Egypt, in both [[Greek mythology|Greek]] and [[Roman mythology]]. She personified the land of [[Ancient Libya]] in [[North Africa]], from which the name of modern-day [[Libya]] originated.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=0-415-13594-X |title=Cultural Identity in the Roman Empire |editor-first1=Ray |editor-last1=Laurence |editor-first2=Joanne |editor-last2=Berry |publisher=Routledge |chapter=Constructing the self and the other in Cyrenaica |first=Eireann |last=Marshall |pages=49-63}}</ref> |
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==Mythology== |
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Libya, like [[Aethiopia (Classical Greek term)|Ethiopia]] or [[Scythia]] was one of the mythic outlands that encircled the familiar Greek world of the Hellenes and their "foreign" neighbors. |
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Personified as an individual, Libya was the daughter of [[Epaphus]]<ref>[[Pausanias (geographer)|Pausanias]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Paus.+1.44.3&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0160:book=0:chapter=0&highlight=Libya 1.44.3]; [[Nonnus]], ''[[Dionysiaca]]'' 3.287; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#157 157]; [[Gaius Julius Solinus|Solinus]], ''Polyhistor'' [https://topostext.org/work/747#24.1 24.1]; [[John Tzetzes|Tzetzes]] ad [[Lycophron]], [https://topostext.org/work/860#649 649]; [[Scholia]] on [[Euripides]], ''[[The Phoenician Women|Phoenissae]]'' [https://archive.org/details/scholiaineuripi00schwgoog/page/n286/mode/1up?view=theater 5]</ref>—King of Egypt, and the son of [[Zeus]] and [[Io (mythology)|Io]]—and [[Memphis (mythology)|Memphis]],<ref>Tzetzes ad Lycophron, [https://topostext.org/work/860#894 894] [https://archive.org/details/isaakioukaiiann00mlgoog/page/863/mode/1up?view=theater (Gk text)]</ref> daughter of the [[Potamoi|river-god]] [[Nilus (mythology)|Nilus]].<ref>Apollodorus, 2.1.4</ref> In one account, her mother was called Cassiopeia.<ref>[[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#149 149]</ref> |
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Personified as an individual, Libya was the daughter of [[Epaphus]]—King of Egypt, and the son of [[Zeus]] and [[Io (mythology)|Io]]—and [[Memphis (mythology)|Memphis]]. Libya was ravished by the god [[Poseidon]] to whom she bore twin sons, [[Belus (Egyptian)|Belus]] and [[Agenor and Phoenix|Agenor]]. Some sources name a third son, named [[Lelex of Megara|Lelex]]. According to late accounts, Lybee (Libya) consorted instead with Zeus and became the mother of Belus.<ref>[[Pseudo-Clement]], ''[[Clementine Recognitions|Recognitions]]'' 10.21–23</ref> In [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]]' ''Fabulae'', Libye was called the daughter of [[Palamedes (mythology)|Palamedes]] (corrected as Epaphus), who mothered [[Libys (mythology)|Libys]] by [[Hermes]].<ref>[[Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' 160</ref> |
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Libya was ravished by the god [[Poseidon]] to whom she bore twin sons, [[Belus (Egyptian)|Belus]]<ref>[[Eusebius]], ''Chronography'' [https://topostext.org/work/531#63 63]</ref> and [[Agenor and Phoenix|Agenor]].<ref>[[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], 2.1.4 & 3.1.1; Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#157 157]</ref> Some sources name a third son, named [[Lelex of Megara|Lelex]].<ref>Pausanias, 1.44.3</ref> According to late accounts, Lybee (Libya) consorted instead with Zeus and became the mother of Belus.<ref>[[Pseudo-Clement]], ''[[Clementine Recognitions|Recognitions]]'' 10.21–23</ref> |
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==Roman mythology== |
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Libya is also the mother of [[Calliste (mythology)|Calliste]] by [[Triton (mythology)|Triton]]<ref>[[Pindar]], ''Pythians'' 4.20 ff [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0162%3Abook%3DP.%3Apoem%3D4 archive]</ref>. |
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In [[Roman mythology]], Libya was the daughter of Epaphus, King of Egypt, and his wife Cassiopeia. She married [[Neptune (mythology)|Neptune]], a foreigner of much power whose real name is unknown. Libya and Neptune had a son called [[Busiris (king of Egypt)|Busiris]], who became a brutal tyrant of [[Upper Egypt]].<ref>Virginia Brown's translation of Giovanni Boccaccio’s ''Famous Women'', pp. 24–25; Harvard University Press 2001; {{ISBN|0-674-01130-9}}</ref> |
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In [[Gaius Julius Hyginus|Hyginus]]' ''Fabulae'', Libye was called the daughter of [[Palamedes (mythology)|Palamedes]] (corrected as Epaphus), who mothered [[Libys (mythology)|Libys]] by [[Hermes]].<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' [https://topostext.org/work/206#160 160]</ref> |
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The territory that she ruled, [[Ancient Libya]], and the country of modern-day [[Libya]] are named after her.<ref>Id., p. 25</ref> |
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==Argive genealogy in Greek mythology== |
==Argive genealogy in Greek mythology== |
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[[Category:Egyptian characters in Greek mythology]] |
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[[Category:Libyan characters in Greek mythology]] |
[[Category:Libyan characters in Greek mythology]] |
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[[Category:Africa in Roman mythology]] |
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[[Category:Women of Poseidon]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:18, 8 July 2024
Libya (mythology) (Ancient Greek: Λιβύη, romanized: Libýē) is the daughter of Epaphus, King of Egypt, in both Greek and Roman mythology. She personified the land of Ancient Libya in North Africa, from which the name of modern-day Libya originated.[1]
Mythology
[edit]Libya, like Ethiopia or Scythia was one of the mythic outlands that encircled the familiar Greek world of the Hellenes and their "foreign" neighbors.
Personified as an individual, Libya was the daughter of Epaphus[2]—King of Egypt, and the son of Zeus and Io—and Memphis,[3] daughter of the river-god Nilus.[4] In one account, her mother was called Cassiopeia.[5]
Libya was ravished by the god Poseidon to whom she bore twin sons, Belus[6] and Agenor.[7] Some sources name a third son, named Lelex.[8] According to late accounts, Lybee (Libya) consorted instead with Zeus and became the mother of Belus.[9]
Libya is also the mother of Calliste by Triton[10].
In Hyginus' Fabulae, Libye was called the daughter of Palamedes (corrected as Epaphus), who mothered Libys by Hermes.[11]
Argive genealogy in Greek mythology
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Marshall, Eireann. "Constructing the self and the other in Cyrenaica". In Laurence, Ray; Berry, Joanne (eds.). Cultural Identity in the Roman Empire. Routledge. pp. 49–63. ISBN 0-415-13594-X.
- ^ Pausanias, 1.44.3; Nonnus, Dionysiaca 3.287; Hyginus, Fabulae 157; Solinus, Polyhistor 24.1; Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 649; Scholia on Euripides, Phoenissae 5
- ^ Tzetzes ad Lycophron, 894 (Gk text)
- ^ Apollodorus, 2.1.4
- ^ Hyginus, Fabulae 149
- ^ Eusebius, Chronography 63
- ^ Apollodorus, 2.1.4 & 3.1.1; Hyginus, Fabulae 157
- ^ Pausanias, 1.44.3
- ^ Pseudo-Clement, Recognitions 10.21–23
- ^ Pindar, Pythians 4.20 ff archive
- ^ Hyginus, Fabulae 160
References
[edit]- Isidore, Etymologiae xiv.4.1, 5.1
- Augustine, De civitate dei xviii.12
- Lactantius Placidus, Commentarii in Sattii Thebaida iv.737
- Gaius Julius Hyginus, Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. Online version at the Topos Text Project.
- Pseudo-Clement, Recognitions from Ante-Nicene Library Volume 8, translated by Smith, Rev. Thomas. T. & T. Clark, Edinburgh. 1867. Online version at theio.com
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