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{{Short description|English businessman and philanthropist}}
{{Advert|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}

{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Sir Clive Cowdery
| name = Sir Clive Cowdery
| image =
| image =
| image_size =
| image_size =
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{bda|1963|05|26|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1963|05|26}}
| birth_place = [[Bristol]], England
| birth_place = [[Bristol]], England
| death_date =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| death_place =
| death_cause =
| death_cause =
| nationality = British
| nationality = British
⚫
| education = [[Clevedon Community School|Clevedon Comprehensive School]]
| residence =
⚫
| alma mater =
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| education = [[Clevedon Community School|Clevedon Comprehensive School]]
| alma mater =
| occupation = Businessman
| occupation = businessman
| title =
| title =
| term =
| term =
| predecessor =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| known for = Founder of Resolution, a global life insurance group
| successor =
| known for = founder of [[Resolution plc]]
| boards =
| boards =
| children = 6
| salary =
| parents =
| networth = £130 million (2009)
| relations =
| spouse = Tina Cowdery
| website =
| children = 6 (5 of them with his first wife)
⚫
| parents =
| relations =
| website =
}}
}}


'''Sir Clive Cowdery''' (born 26 May 1963) is an English businessman and philanthropist who made a personal fortune in the [[insurance industry]], founding two FTSE100 insurers and a third insurer which has deployed circa $5bn in capital with $90bn in assets,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Resolution Life enters into reinsurance agreement with Allianz Life {{!}} Resolution Life|url=https://www.resolutionlife.com/news-and-insights/resolution-life-enters-into-reinsurance-agreement-with-allianz-life/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=www.resolutionlife.com}}</ref> and has since donated large amounts to charity,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Cooney|first=Rebecca|title=Wealthiest people gave £3.2bn to charity in the past year|url=https://www.thirdsector.co.uk/article/1432145|access-date=2022-02-22|website=www.thirdsector.co.uk|language=en}}</ref> including the [[Resolution Foundation]] which he founded in 2005.<ref name=":2" />
'''Sir Clive Cowdery''' (born 26 May 1963) is an [[England|English]] [[businessman]] who made a personal fortune in the [[insurance industry]] and has since donated large amounts to [[Charity (practice)|charity]].


==Early life==
==Early life==
He was born in [[Bristol]], England in 1963, the third of five siblings.<ref name="Scotsman"/> He was educated at Clevedon Comprehensive School (now [[Clevedon Community School]]), and earned three O-levels and no A-levels.<ref name="Scotsman"/>
Born of Anglo Danish parentage<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/feb/28/clive-cowdery-goes-on-mission-to-help-poor|title = Insurance tycoon Clive Cowdery goes on a mission to help the working poor| newspaper=The Guardian |date = 28 February 2011| last1=Ramesh | first1=Randeep }}</ref> in [[Bristol]], England, in 1963, he is the second of five siblings.<ref name="Scotsman">{{cite news|url=https://www.scotsman.com/business/profile-clive-cowdery-class-act-who-worked-his-way-to-top-1-764997|title=Profile: Clive Cowdery: Class act who worked his way to top|date=14 August 2009|work=The Scotsman|accessdate=18 December 2017}}</ref> He was educated at Clevedon Comprehensive School (now [[Clevedon Community School]]), and earned three O-levels and no A-levels.<ref name="Scotsman"/>


==Career==
==Career==
Cowdery is founder and executive chairman of [[Resolution plc|Resolution Life]], a global life insurance group focusing on the acquisition and management of portfolios of life insurance policies.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-10-18|title=Resolution's Cowdery has $2 bln life insurance deal in sight|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/resolution-strategy-idUKL8N1WR5L5|access-date=2022-02-23}}</ref>
From 1998 to 2003, Cowdery was chairman and chief executive of [[General Electric]] Insurance Holdings, with operations in 12 countries in Europe.{{cn|date=February 2017}}


From 1998 to 2003, Cowdery was chairman and chief executive of [[General Electric]] Insurance Holdings, with operations in 12 countries in Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2005-06-10|title=The Interview: The insurance entrepreneur soon to be knocking at the FTSE 100's door|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/the-interview-the-insurance-entrepreneur-soon-to-be-knocking-at-the-ftse-100-s-door-225334.html|access-date=2022-02-22|website=The Independent|language=en}}</ref>
Cowdery is founder of [[Resolution plc|Resolution]], an insurance investment firm, which has consolidated over US$200bn of assets in Britain and the US since 2004.{{cn|date=February 2017}}


In 2003, Cowdery founded his private company [[Resolution plc|Resolution]], which invests in life insurance consolidation. Since then, Cowdery’s Resolution companies have deployed c. US$17 billion of equity in the acquisition, reinsurance, consolidation and management of life insurance companies. Together, these companies have served the needs of c. 13 million policyholders while managing over US$365 billion of assets.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us {{!}} Resolution Life|url=https://www.resolutionlife.com/about-us/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=www.resolutionlife.com}}</ref>
His first Resolution vehicle consolidated four major UK closed life insurance assets. The [[FTSE 100 Index|FTSE100]] insurer was sold to [[Phoenix Group|Pearl Group]] in 2008.{{cn|date=February 2017}}


His first Resolution vehicle consolidated four major UK closed life insurance companies from Royal Sun Alliance, Swiss Life, Britannic and Santander (Abbey National Life).<ref>{{Cite news|title=The rise of Resolution|newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/the-rise-of-resolution-d78lbknf7h5|access-date=2022-02-22|issn=0140-0460}}</ref> The [[FTSE 100 Index|FTSE100]] insurer was sold to [[Phoenix Group|Pearl Group]] in 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Costello|first=Miles|title=Upstart Cowdery shows how it's done|newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/upstart-cowdery-shows-how-its-done-0nc0vvhdqtz|access-date=2022-01-12|issn=0140-0460}}</ref>
In August 2009, his net worth was estimated at £130 million.<ref name="Scotsman">{{cite news|title=Profile: Clive Cowdery: Class act who worked his way to top|url=https://www.scotsman.com/business/profile-clive-cowdery-class-act-who-worked-his-way-to-top-1-764997|accessdate=18 December 2017|work=The Scotsman|date=14 August 2009}}</ref>


His second Resolution vehicle merged FTSE100 insurer [[Friends Provident]] with [[AXA]]'s UK life business and other assets. The company was sold to [[Aviva]] in 2015.{{cn|date=February 2017}}
His second Resolution vehicle merged FTSE100 insurer [[Friends Provident]] with [[AXA]]'s UK life business and other assets. The company was sold to [[Aviva]] in 2015.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Costello|first=Miles|title=Friends Life agrees £5bn takeover by Aviva|newspaper=[[The Times]] |language=en|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/friends-life-agrees-pound5bn-takeover-by-aviva-l5vf6dgxll6|access-date=2022-01-12|issn=0140-0460}}</ref>


These two completed projects made significant total returns for shareholders.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Gray|first1=Alistair|last2=Oakley|first2=David|last3=Massoudi|first3=Arash|date=2014-12-02|title=Aviva agrees £5bn takeover of Friends Life|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/46260564-79f2-11e4-8958-00144feabdc0|access-date=2022-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Guthrie|first=Jonathan|date=2014-12-02|title=Work to do before Aviva investors welcome Friends|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/6fcaa550-7a0b-11e4-8958-00144feabdc0|access-date=2022-02-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2009-08-13|title=Interview {{!}} Clive Cowdery|url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/aug/13/clive-cowdery-resolution-interview|access-date=2022-02-22|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref>
These two completed projects made significant total returns for shareholders.{{cn|date=February 2017}}


His current business, Resolution Life, was founded in 2018 and today manages c.$90 billion of assets, employs c. 1,800 people and provide services to over 3m policyholders. It has operations in Bermuda, the U.K., the U.S., Australia and New Zealand, all focused on assisting the restructuring of the primary life insurance industry globally.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Artemis.bm|first=Steven Evans-|date=2021-05-14|title=Cowdery's Resolution raises $1.6bn for legacy life insurance investments - Artemis.bm|url=https://www.artemis.bm/news/cowderys-resolution-raises-1-6bn-for-legacy-life-insurance-investments/|access-date=2022-02-22|website=Artemis.bm - The Catastrophe Bond, Insurance Linked Securities & Investment, Reinsurance Capital, Alternative Risk Transfer and Weather Risk Management site|language=English}}</ref>
In 2013, his first Resolution business in the US acquired an insurance asset from [[Allstate Corporation]] and is engaged in further acquisitions.{{cn|date=February 2017}}

According to The ''[[Sunday Times Rich List]]'' in 2019 his net worth was estimated at £137&nbsp;million.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|date=|title=The Sunday Times Rich List 2019|website=The Sunday Times|url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sunday-times-rich-list-2019-profiles-864-900-rory-mcilroy-phil-collins-john-deacon-vlps2cp9p|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=}}</ref>


==Charitable works==
==Charitable works==
Since formation of his Resolution vehicles Cowdery has devoted half of all proceeds to charity.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Neville|first=Sarah|date=2015-04-30|title=Clive Cowdery donates £50m to research living standards|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/3abfe1fc-eaab-11e4-96ec-00144feab7de|access-date=2022-02-25}}</ref> The [[Resolution Foundation]], an independent social and economic research organisation set up by Cowdery in 2005, purports to be one of Britain's leading authorities on low earners<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Our mission • Resolution Foundation|url=https://www.resolutionfoundation.org/about-us/mission/|access-date=2022-02-23|language=en-US}}</ref> and the policy responses required to lift their living standards.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2011-02-28|title=Insurance tycoon Clive Cowdery goes on a mission to help the working poor|url=http://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/feb/28/clive-cowdery-goes-on-mission-to-help-poor|access-date=2022-02-22|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Neville|first=Sarah|date=2015-04-30|title=Clive Cowdery donates £50m to research living standards|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/3abfe1fc-eaab-11e4-96ec-00144feab7de|access-date=2022-02-22}}</ref>
From its formation, Resolution has devoted half its profits and capital gains to the [[Resolution Foundation]], an independent Social and Economic research organisation set up by Clive Cowdery in 2005. It is now widely seen as Britain's leading authority{{who|date=February 2017}} on Low Earners and the policy responses required to lift their Living Standards.{{cn|date=February 2017}}


==Other professional interests==
==Other professional interests==
Cowdery is owner and publisher of the magazine ''[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]]''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Alan Rusbridger to be next editor of Prospect magazine|url=https://www.inpublishing.co.uk/articles/alan-rusbridger-to-be-next-editor-of-prospect-magazine-18741|access-date=2022-02-22|website=www.inpublishing.co.uk|date=27 July 2021 }}</ref> and a member of the governing council of The [[Institute for New Economic Thinking]]. Until February 2021,<ref>{{cite web |title=Cessation|url=https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/document-api-images-live.ch.gov.uk/docs/FBDhNsgItlZ8Pkqwbxnfvesf7uCiB44hEFDIcqEz2q8/application-pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAWRGBDBV3LIU4F32Y%2F20210211%2Feu-west-2%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20210211T120808Z&X-Amz-Expires=60&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEMD%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCWV1LXdlc3QtMiJIMEYCIQDkTj10H%2BQ9NsOwfxXF6I5mjovM7jXwag8KkdFcdH8jlQIhAMcVonggKqwwbWrdQXmMooCuNF%2Bcqxz1hyRPI8cIS%2FcTKr0DCLn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQAxoMNDQ5MjI5MDMyODIyIgzG1G4XQng0i7Dd1fAqkQPQBiTjJHkDJA9bz8pWY5FJ0wx9m1Zf32szI2N2rvo8Icemab6f4pHDQ37rw%2FZERjRewFm192pUYCUT9tyopsIpsbsHc5LVknHJjX1A7RsKba3CUyzuO2LBfiH8tuUpqrNpUQfZhwzs8%2FCBRPPbbJ7ezrZHRUEx4oM%2FbTkh2Krh6JqM4g8R6CCcuwSvuf7nu31u%2FXwWrecxZaE0xg8RPPL3UK9Q1jDgZ9wtC8t9nRgdW75qG7xdYKPW333bZ3hwSTU5b1Cl5rHlCYKsFLBgaiYlxmFvOb5bKVMZu8%2B64wa3dRcP7uZy5DXk2wU3oTuI%2F102JUn4kJCRL7Cbj7f%2BnsxbW1AocAX%2Bnrtepa3kqbi54RaObEWXIiscenSfJcqBSHNiNqOSaaM3nBMWG7TYm0Yt0qXPho8HiFU2d6PQGbtFJ%2BKO3cPotkhNc1IDYwtJNxv5kso3WvHEmuOllXxJ3DT%2FEPsguCDNX9rbx98WgWmRACUXU%2Bl7MiHlwmVOWkAKIwRBL1W0aPDjXD0WCVmpi8OHMjCDwJOBBjrqAXxjIbpw%2B%2BYKk5S6CYz0W2nN7rq1P1hY0VcyLJKEWNBrU%2BP5JlZ5XNjJfTYIIKSfeMg5vx2XBeoZtPDm105m5MgmKoLsBLcIr4TdFpcc1MEzzA%2FXv%2FLsKV3mTsZokhD7tEMejNpJdO4bkF0zoULtuA2MOjgFHvaF6LIwyL156t5EPHBX4MsJOC6QPCNb4s3XWM8IikOGp%2BecYD5EOPRXMaKx8ppWaZDKP9TZRe2SoAbzeUQhgpyhCZUgtMv7kYa%2BRhGCQGKwG%2Fko8OqkbdEB0JrC83H3x%2Fu4Kl8MC%2FW%2B2M4rKLuFE4goMOcTuA%3D%3D&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Signature=cc0531c2e11fac17804ead9af81277a2027fd827dd1f8143a45cf1c895d6ef9d |publisher=Companies House |accessdate=11 February 2021}}</ref> he was also a director of [[Best for Britain]], a group campaigning to stop [[Brexit]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bestforbritain.org/|title=About Us|website=bestforbritain.org|access-date=20 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512121030/https://bestforbritain.org/|archive-date=12 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/10436078/officers|title=UK-EU OPEN POLICY LIMITED - Officers (free information from Companies House)|website=beta.companieshouse.gov.uk}}</ref>
Cowdery is majority owner of the magazine ''[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]]'' and a member of the governing council of The [[Institute for New Economic Thinking]].


==Honours==
==Honours==
Cowdery was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] in the [[2016 New Year Honours]] for services to children and social mobility.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=61450|supp=y|page=N2|date=30 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=New Year’s Honours 2016 list|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/489049/NY2016HonoursFullList.pdf|website=GOV.UK|accessdate=30 December 2015|format=pdf|date=30 December 2015}}</ref>
Cowdery was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] in the [[2016 New Year Honours]] for services to children and social mobility.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=61450|supp=y|page=N2|date=30 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=New Year's Honours 2016 list|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/489049/NY2016HonoursFullList.pdf|publisher=Government of the United Kingdom|accessdate=30 December 2015|date=30 December 2015}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Cowdery lives in London.<ref name="Scotsman"/> He has five children with his first wife, and a son with his second wife, Tina.<ref name="Scotsman"/>
Cowdery lives in London and has six children.<ref name="Scotsman"/>


==References==
==References==

{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


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*[http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/banking_and_finance/article534781.ece?print=no&randnum=1223548652540# Interview] from [[The Times]]
*[http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/banking_and_finance/article534781.ece?print=no&randnum=1223548652540# Interview] from [[The Times]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130226235532/http://www.resolutionfoundation.org/us/Q-A/ Resolution Foundation]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130226235532/http://www.resolutionfoundation.org/us/Q-A/ Resolution Foundation]
* https://www.theguardian.com/business/2011/feb/28/clive-cowdery-goes-on-mission-to-help-poor


{{DEFAULTSORT:Cowdery, Clive}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cowdery, Clive}}
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[[Category:Businesspeople awarded knighthoods]]
[[Category:Businesspeople awarded knighthoods]]
[[Category:English people of Danish descent]]
[[Category:English people of Danish descent]]
[[Category:Liberal Democrats (UK) donors]]

Revision as of 09:50, 2 July 2024

Sir Clive Cowdery
Born (1963-05-26) 26 May 1963 (age 61)
Bristol, England
NationalityBritish
EducationClevedon Comprehensive School
OccupationBusinessman
Known forFounder of Resolution, a global life insurance group
Children6

Sir Clive Cowdery (born 26 May 1963) is an English businessman and philanthropist who made a personal fortune in the insurance industry, founding two FTSE100 insurers and a third insurer which has deployed circa $5bn in capital with $90bn in assets,[1] and has since donated large amounts to charity,[2] including the Resolution Foundation which he founded in 2005.[3]

Early life

Born of Anglo Danish parentage[4] in Bristol, England, in 1963, he is the second of five siblings.[5] He was educated at Clevedon Comprehensive School (now Clevedon Community School), and earned three O-levels and no A-levels.[5]

Career

Cowdery is founder and executive chairman of Resolution Life, a global life insurance group focusing on the acquisition and management of portfolios of life insurance policies.[6]

From 1998 to 2003, Cowdery was chairman and chief executive of General Electric Insurance Holdings, with operations in 12 countries in Europe.[7]

In 2003, Cowdery founded his private company Resolution, which invests in life insurance consolidation. Since then, Cowdery’s Resolution companies have deployed c. US$17 billion of equity in the acquisition, reinsurance, consolidation and management of life insurance companies. Together, these companies have served the needs of c. 13 million policyholders while managing over US$365 billion of assets.[8]

His first Resolution vehicle consolidated four major UK closed life insurance companies from Royal Sun Alliance, Swiss Life, Britannic and Santander (Abbey National Life).[9] The FTSE100 insurer was sold to Pearl Group in 2008.[10]

His second Resolution vehicle merged FTSE100 insurer Friends Provident with AXA's UK life business and other assets. The company was sold to Aviva in 2015.[11]

These two completed projects made significant total returns for shareholders.[12][13][14]

His current business, Resolution Life, was founded in 2018 and today manages c.$90 billion of assets, employs c. 1,800 people and provide services to over 3m policyholders. It has operations in Bermuda, the U.K., the U.S., Australia and New Zealand, all focused on assisting the restructuring of the primary life insurance industry globally.[1][15]

According to The Sunday Times Rich List in 2019 his net worth was estimated at £137 million.[16]

Charitable works

Since formation of his Resolution vehicles Cowdery has devoted half of all proceeds to charity.[17] The Resolution Foundation, an independent social and economic research organisation set up by Cowdery in 2005, purports to be one of Britain's leading authorities on low earners[3] and the policy responses required to lift their living standards.[2][18][19]

Other professional interests

Cowdery is owner and publisher of the magazine Prospect[20] and a member of the governing council of The Institute for New Economic Thinking. Until February 2021,[21] he was also a director of Best for Britain, a group campaigning to stop Brexit.[22][23]

Honours

Cowdery was knighted in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to children and social mobility.[24][25]

Personal life

Cowdery lives in London and has six children.[5]

References

  1. ^ a b "Resolution Life enters into reinsurance agreement with Allianz Life | Resolution Life". www.resolutionlife.com. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  2. ^ a b Cooney, Rebecca. "Wealthiest people gave £3.2bn to charity in the past year". www.thirdsector.co.uk. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  3. ^ a b "Our mission • Resolution Foundation". Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  4. ^ Ramesh, Randeep (28 February 2011). "Insurance tycoon Clive Cowdery goes on a mission to help the working poor". The Guardian.
  5. ^ a b c "Profile: Clive Cowdery: Class act who worked his way to top". The Scotsman. 14 August 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2017.
  6. ^ "Resolution's Cowdery has $2 bln life insurance deal in sight". Reuters. 18 October 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  7. ^ "The Interview: The insurance entrepreneur soon to be knocking at the FTSE 100's door". The Independent. 10 June 2005. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  8. ^ "About Us | Resolution Life". www.resolutionlife.com. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  9. ^ "The rise of Resolution". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  10. ^ Costello, Miles. "Upstart Cowdery shows how it's done". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  11. ^ Costello, Miles. "Friends Life agrees £5bn takeover by Aviva". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
  12. ^ Gray, Alistair; Oakley, David; Massoudi, Arash (2 December 2014). "Aviva agrees £5bn takeover of Friends Life". Financial Times. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  13. ^ Guthrie, Jonathan (2 December 2014). "Work to do before Aviva investors welcome Friends". Financial Times. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  14. ^ "Interview | Clive Cowdery". the Guardian. 13 August 2009. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  15. ^ Artemis.bm, Steven Evans- (14 May 2021). "Cowdery's Resolution raises $1.6bn for legacy life insurance investments - Artemis.bm". Artemis.bm - The Catastrophe Bond, Insurance Linked Securities & Investment, Reinsurance Capital, Alternative Risk Transfer and Weather Risk Management site. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  16. ^ "The Sunday Times Rich List 2019". The Sunday Times.
  17. ^ Neville, Sarah (30 April 2015). "Clive Cowdery donates £50m to research living standards". Financial Times. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  18. ^ "Insurance tycoon Clive Cowdery goes on a mission to help the working poor". the Guardian. 28 February 2011. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  19. ^ Neville, Sarah (30 April 2015). "Clive Cowdery donates £50m to research living standards". Financial Times. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  20. ^ "Alan Rusbridger to be next editor of Prospect magazine". www.inpublishing.co.uk. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  21. ^ "Cessation". Companies House. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  22. ^ "About Us". bestforbritain.org. Archived from the original on 12 May 2017. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  23. ^ "UK-EU OPEN POLICY LIMITED - Officers (free information from Companies House)". beta.companieshouse.gov.uk.
  24. ^ "No. 61450". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 December 2015. p. N2.
  25. ^ "New Year's Honours 2016 list" (PDF). Government of the United Kingdom. 30 December 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
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