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Coordinates: 22°20′15″N 91°50′20″E / 22.3375°N 91.8389°E / 22.3375; 91.8389
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Undid revision 1232001061 by 2409:40E1:1076:D9D3:8000:0:0:0 (talk) 8025722 divided by 9169039 is 87.53%
 
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| native_name_lang = bn
| native_name_lang = bn
| official_name = Chattogram District
| official_name = Chattogram District
| image_seal = Government Seal of Bangladesh.svg
| seal_size = 180px
| type = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District]] of [[Bangladesh]]
| type = [[Districts of Bangladesh|District]] of [[Bangladesh]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
|size = 250
|size = 250
|photo1a = Sheikh Mujib Road from C&F Tower (02).jpg
|photo1a =
|photo1b = আন্দরকিল্লা শাহী জামে মসজিদ (ডান পার্শের মিনার).jpg
|photo1b = আন্দরকিল্লা শাহী জামে মসজিদ (ডান পার্শের মিনার).jpg
|photo2a = Chandranath Temple At Sitakunda (6).jpg
|photo2a = Chandranath Temple At Sitakunda (6).jpg
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| image_caption = Clockwise from top-left: View of [[Agrabad]], [[Anderkilla Shahi Jame Mosque]], Mahamaya Lake, [[Port of Chittagong]], [[Chandranath Temple]] at [[Sitakunda]]
| image_caption = Clockwise from top-left: View of [[Agrabad]], [[Anderkilla Shahi Jame Mosque]], Mahamaya Lake, [[Port of Chittagong]], [[Chandranath Temple]] at [[Sitakunda]]
| image_flag =
| image_flag =
| image_seal =
| image_shield =
| image_shield =
| nickname =
| nickname =
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| leader_party =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Divisional Commissioner of Bangladesh|Divisional Commissioner]]
| leader_title = [[Divisional Commissioner of Bangladesh|Divisional Commissioner]]
| leader_name = Md. Kamrul Hasan
| leader_name = Md. Tofayel Islam
| leader_title1 = [[District Councils of Bangladesh|District Council Chairman]]
| leader_title1 = [[Deputy Commissioner]]
| leader_name1 = Muhammad Abdus Salam
| leader_name1 = Abul Bashar Mohammad Fakhruzzaman
| leader_title2 = Chief Executive Officer
| leader_title2 = [[District Councils of Bangladesh|District Council Chairman]]
| leader_name2 = Khondokar Zohirul Islam
| leader_name2 = A.T.M. Pearul Islam
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 5282.92
| area_total_km2 = 5282.92
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| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2022census-prelim">{{Cite book |title=Population and Housing Census 2022: Preliminary Report |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Vhn2t_PbEzo5-NDGBeoFJq4XCoSzOVKg/view |date=August 2022 |publisher=Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics |pages=viii, 29, 38, 45 |isbn=978-984-35-2977-0}}</ref>
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 9916352
| population_total = 9169464
| population_as_of = 2023 census
| population_as_of = 2022 census
| population_rank = 2
| population_rank = 2
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
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| population_demonyms =
| population_demonyms =
| population_note =
| population_note =
| demographics_type1 = Literacy rate
| demographics1_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| demographics1_title1 = Total
| demographics1_info1 = 73.2%
| timezone1 = [[Bangladesh Standard Time|BST]]
| timezone1 = [[Bangladesh Standard Time|BST]]
| utc_offset1 = +06:00
| utc_offset1 = +06:00
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}}
}}


'''Chittagong District''', [[List of renamed places in Bangladesh|renamed]] the '''Chattogram District''',<ref>{{cite news |author=Mahadi Al Hasnat |date=2 April 2018 |title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/04/02/english-spellings-chittagong-comilla-barisal-jessore-bogra-changed/ |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref> is a district located in the south-eastern region of [[Bangladesh]]. It is a part of the [[Chittagong Division]]. The port city of [[Chittagong ]], which is the second largest city in [[Bangladesh]], is located within this district.
'''Chittagong District''', [[List of renamed places in Bangladesh|renamed]] the '''Chattogram District''',<ref>{{cite news |author=Mahadi Al Hasnat |date=2 April 2018 |title=Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names |url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2018/04/02/english-spellings-chittagong-comilla-barisal-jessore-bogra-changed/ |newspaper=Dhaka Tribune |access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref> is a district located in south-eastern [[Bangladesh]]. It is a part of the [[Chittagong Division]]. The port city of [[Chittagong]], which is the second largest city in [[Bangladesh]], is located within this district.

== Geography ==
Chittagong district is situated along the southeastern coast of Bangladesh, between the Bay of Bengal to the west, [[Cox's Bazar District|Cox's Bazar district]] to the south, the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]] to the east, the Indian state of [[Tripura]] to the north and [[Feni District|Feni district]] to the northwest. Within the Bay of Bengal is the island of [[Sandwip]] and several nearby islands, which together form an upazila of the district.

The district's topography is primarily defined by a series of low hill ranges running roughly parallel to the coast and with each other. Between these hill ranges are broad alluvial valleys with sandstone bedrock, and they are also divided by several major rivers, namely the Karnaphuli and Sangu. The most important of these ranges runs roughly from the tripoint with Feni district and Tripura in the north southeast to Chittagong city, known as the Sitakunda hills. This hill range is around 70 kilometres in length and its highest point, [[Chandranath Hill|Chandranath]], is around 350 metres in height. Along the eastern border with Khagrachhari district lies broken hill country.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=OʼMalley |first=L. S. S. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.30243 |title=Eastern Bengal district gazetteers Chittagong |date=1908 |language=English}}</ref> Another set of hills enters the district in the western part of Rangunia Upazila and ends at the Karnaphuli. South of the Karnaphuli, the hills run southeast through the eastern part of Patiya and Chandanaish upazilas to the Sangu River. South of the Sangu lies another hill range close to the coast which divides Banskhali Upazila from Satkania and Lohagara Upazilas, and continues into Cox's Bazar district. The southeastern border with Bandarban district lies along the foothills of the Hill Tracts. To the west of the hill ranges lies a coastal plain with a small width,<ref name=":0" /> and along the shore there are numerous beaches which have become tourist destinations.

=== Rivers ===
The major rivers running through Chittagong district are the Feni, Karnaphuli and Sangu.<ref name=":0" />

The Feni arises in Tripura state, and forms the entire border between Tripura and Chittagong district. It separates the Sitakunda hill range from the hill ranges in Tripura to the north. After fully entering Bangladesh, it flows southwest, meandering slightly, roughly along the border between Mirsharai Upazila with Feni district before entering the Bay of Bengal amid tidal flats.<ref name=":0" />

The Karnaphuli enters Chittagong district at Chandraghona in Rangunia Upazila. It goes through several large meanders and divides the Patiya hill range from the hills to their north. It flows west before turning southwest near Boalkhali and forms the southern limits of Chittagong city, entering the sea near Patenga thana. One of its main tributaries is the Halda river. The Halda arises in the Chittagong Hill tracts and flows west into Fatikchhari Upazila. It then turns southeast, flowing past Fatikchhari and Hathazari before entering the Karnaphuli near the northeasternmost part of Chittagong city.<ref name=":0" />

The Sangu river arises in Bandarban district of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, and enters Chittagong district at Dhopachari in Chandanaish Upazila. It forms most of the border between Chandanaish and Satkania upazilas, as well as between Anowara and Banshkhali upazilas, before entering the sea 16 kilometres south of the mouth of the Karnaphulil.<ref name=":0" />

There are several ''khals'' also in the district.


==History==
==History==
{{main|History of Chittagong}}
{{main|History of Chittagong}}
Because of the natural harbour, Chittagong had been an important location for trade, drawing Arab traders as early as the 9th century CE. The region fell under the rule of kings from [[Rakhine State|Arakan]] in the 16th and 17th centuries, but later, the [[Mughal Army]] under [[Shaista Khan]] conquered Chittagong. During the 17th century, the region also faced a lot of attacks by [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] pirates. The Mughals established Chittagong as a district in 1666. Chittagong is the 2nd largest district in Bangladesh by population and area. The [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]] were separated from Chittagong in 1860. In 1947, Chittagong came under Pakistan and became part a district of East Pakistan. Port of Chittagong was a big spot for exports and imports of Pakistan. After the liberation of Bangladesh, [[Cox's Bazar District]] was separated in 1984.<ref name=Banglapedia>{{cite book
Because of the natural harbour, Chittagong had been an important location for trade, drawing Arab traders as early as the 9th century CE. The region fell under the rule of kings from [[Rakhine State|Arakan]] in the 16th and 17th centuries, but later, the [[Mughal Army]] under [[Shaista Khan]] conquered Chittagong. During the 17th century, the region also faced a lot of attacks by [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] pirates, who occupied Sandwip for a long time. The Mughals established Chittagong as a district in 1666. Chittagong is the 2nd largest district in Bangladesh by population and area. The [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]] were separated from Chittagong in 1860. In 1947, Chittagong came under Pakistan and became part a district of East Pakistan. Port of Chittagong was a big spot for exports and imports of Pakistan. After the liberation of Bangladesh, [[Cox's Bazar District]] was separated in 1984.<ref name=Banglapedia>{{cite book
|author=Mohammad Mahibbullah Siddiqi
|author=Mohammad Mahibbullah Siddiqi
|chapter=Cox's Bazar District
|chapter=Cox's Bazar District
Line 95: Line 108:


==Administration==
==Administration==
* Administrator of Zila Porishod: M A Salam<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=214399|title=AL men appointed administrators|work=The Daily Star|date=16 December 2011 }}</ref>
* Administrator of Zila Porishod: M A Salam<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=214399|title=AL men appointed administrators|work=The Daily Star|date=16 December 2011 }}</ref>
* Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Elius Hossain <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-27|script-title=bn:মো. ইলিয়াস হোসেন চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগের শ্রেষ্ঠ জেলা প্রশাসক|url=https://ctgpratidin.com/%e0%a6%ae%e0%a7%8b-%e0%a6%87%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%bf%e0%a7%9f%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b8-%e0%a6%b9%e0%a7%8b%e0%a6%b8%e0%a7%87%e0%a6%a8-%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%9f%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9f%e0%a6%97%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%be/|access-date=2020-07-05|website=Chittagong Pratidin|language=bn-BD}}</ref>
* Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Elius Hossain <ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-27|script-title=bn:মো. ইলিয়াস হোসেন চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগের শ্রেষ্ঠ জেলা প্রশাসক|url=https://ctgpratidin.com/%e0%a6%ae%e0%a7%8b-%e0%a6%87%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%bf%e0%a7%9f%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b8-%e0%a6%b9%e0%a7%8b%e0%a6%b8%e0%a7%87%e0%a6%a8-%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%9f%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9f%e0%a6%97%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%be/|access-date=2020-07-05|website=Chittagong Pratidin|language=bn-BD}}</ref>


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|chapter=Chittagong District
|chapter=Chittagong District
|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_District
|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Chittagong_District
|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |editor=Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |edition=Second}}</ref> and 31 thanas<ref>{{cite news |date=29 May 2013 |title=Home Minister to launch 4 new thanas in Ctg tomorrow|url=http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/old/index.php?ref=MjBfMDVfMjlfMTNfMV8xOTBfMTcwOTQ4 |newspaper=The Financial Express}}</ref> within Chittagong District. There are 16 Thanas for the [[Chattogram Metropolitan Police]] covered area including the [[Karnaphuli Upazila]], 2 for [[Mirsharai Upazila]], and 1 for each of the remaining 13 upazilas.
|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |editor=Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |edition=Second}}</ref> and 33 thanas<ref>{{cite news |date=29 May 2013 |title=Home Minister to launch 4 new thanas in Ctg tomorrow|url=http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/old/index.php?ref=MjBfMDVfMjlfMTNfMV8xOTBfMTcwOTQ4 |newspaper=The Financial Express}}</ref> within Chittagong District. There are 16 Thanas for the [[Chattogram Metropolitan Police]] covered area including the [[Karnaphuli Upazila]], 2 for [[Fatikchhari Upazila]], 2 for [[Mirsharai Upazila]], and 1 for each of the remaining 13 upazilas.


The upazilas are:
The upazilas are:
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# [[Patenga Thana]]
# [[Patenga Thana]]
# [[Sadarghat Thana]]
# [[Sadarghat Thana]]
{{div col end}}

The thanas for the [[Fatikchhari Upazila]] are:
{{div col}}
# Bhujpur Thana
# Fatikchhari Thana
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}


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==Demographics==
==Demographics==
{{Historical populations
{{Historical populations
|align=left
|align=center
|percentages=pagr
|percentages=pagr
|1974 |3506150
|1974 |3506150
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|2001 |6612140
|2001 |6612140
|2011 |7616352
|2011 |7616352
|2022 |9169465
|footnote= Sources:<ref name="census2011"/>
|footnote= Sources:<ref name="census2022-nationalreport"/><ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCenZilz2011/Zila_Chittagong.pdf|title=Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Chittagong|website=bbs.gov.bd|publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
}}
}}


According to the [[2011 Bangladesh census]], Chittagong District had a population of 7,616,352, of which 3,838,854 were males and 3,777,498 females. Rural population was 4,463,723 (58.61%) while the urban population was 3,152,629 (41.39%). Chittagong district had a literacy rate of 58.91% for the population 7 years and above: 61.13% for males and 56.56% for females.<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |url=http://203.112.218.65:8008/WebTestApplication/userfiles/Image/PopCenZilz2011/Zila_Chittagong.pdf|title=Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Chittagong|website=bbs.gov.bd|publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>
According to the [[2022 Census of Bangladesh]], Chittagong District had 2,143,909 households and a population of 9,169,465. The population density was 1,736 people per km<sup>2</sup>. 1,729,570 (18.86%) were under 10 years of age. Chittagong district had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 81.06%, compared to the national average of 74.8%, and a sex ratio of 1006 females per 1000 males. 4,885,216 (53.28%) lived in urban areas.<ref name="census2022-nationalreport">{{Cite book |url=https://bbs.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/bbs.portal.gov.bd/page/b343a8b4_956b_45ca_872f_4cf9b2f1a6e0/2024-01-31-15-51-b53c55dd692233ae401ba013060b9cbb.pdf |title=National Report |date=November 2023 |publisher=[[Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics]] |isbn=9789844752016 |series=Population and Housing Census 2022 |volume=I |location=Dhaka |pages=143, 151, 179, 191, 265}}</ref>


=== Religion ===
=== Religion ===
{{bar box
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Chittagong District (2011)<ref name="census2011"/>
|title=Religions in Chittagong District (2022)<ref name="census2022-nationalreport"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|left1=Religion
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|float=left
|float=left
|bars=
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Muslims]]|green|86.90}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]]|green|87.53}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hindus]]|darkorange|11.31}}
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]]|darkorange|10.72}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism in Bangladesh|Buddhists]]|gold|1.59}}
{{bar percent|[[Buddhism in Bangladesh|Buddhism]]|gold|1.63}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.20}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.12}}
}}
}}


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|+Religion in present-day Chittagong district{{Efn|Sadar subdivision of Chittagong district and Sandwip thana of Noakhali district}}
|+Religion in present-day Chittagong district{{Efn|Sadar subdivision of Chittagong district and Sandwip thana of Noakhali district}}
!Religion
!Religion
!Population (1941)<ref name="1941religion">{{cite web |title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI BENGAL PROVINCE |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/37365/GIPE-020591.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y }}</ref>{{rp|102–103}}
!Population (1941)<ref name="1941religion">{{cite web |title=Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/37365/GIPE-020591.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y }}</ref>{{rp|102–103}}
!Percentage (1941)
!Percentage (1941)
!Population (2011)<ref name="census2011" />
!Population (2022)<ref name="census2022-nationalreport" />
!Percentage (2011)
!Percentage (2022)
|-
|-
|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]]
|[[Islam in Bangladesh|Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]]
|1,402,130
|1,402,130
|72.49%
|72.49%
|6,618,657
|8,025,722
|86.90%
|87.53%
|-
|-
|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]]
|[[Hinduism in Bangladesh|Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]]
|470,026
|470,026
|24.30%
|24.30%
|861,494
|982,568
|11.31%
|10.72%
|-
|-
|[[Buddhism in Bangladesh|Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma Wheel (2).svg|15x15px]]
|[[Buddhism in Bangladesh|Buddhism]] [[File:Dharma Wheel (2).svg|15x15px]]
| ---
| ---
| ---
| ---
|121,169
|149,773
|1.59%
|1.63%
|-
|-
|Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
|Others {{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
|62,212
|62,212
|3.22%
|3.22%
|15,032
|10,976
|0.20%
|0.12%
|-
|-
|'''Total Population'''
|'''Total Population'''
|'''1,934,368'''
|'''1,934,368'''
|'''100%'''
|'''100%'''
|'''7,616,352'''
|'''9,169,039'''
|'''100%'''
|'''100%'''
|}
|}


Chittagong is multi-religious. Muslims are in majority with 86.90%, while Hindus and Buddhists are 11.31% and 1.59% respectively. Chittagong has the largest population of Hindus of any district in Bangladesh. Most of the Buddhists are [[Barua (Bangladesh)|Baruas]] and their population is decreasing with emigration, while Muslims and Hindus are both increasing in numbers, with Hindus growing more slowly.
Chittagong is multi-religious. In 2011 Muslims were 86.90%, while Hindus and Buddhists were 11.31% and 1.59% respectively. Chittagong has the largest population of Hindus of any district in Bangladesh. All religions are increasing in numbers, with Hindus and Buddhists growing more slowly.


Chittagong District has 13,148 mosques, 1025 [[Hindu]] temples, 535 [[Buddhist]] temples and 192 churches. [[Faqir Mosque|Fakira Mosque]] in [[Hathazari Upazila|Hathazari]], [[Musa Khan Mosque]], [[Chittagong|Hafez Para]] Jame Mosque in [[Lohagara Upazila, Chittagong|Putibila]], [[Lohagara Upazila, Chittagong|LOHAGARA]], Kura Katni Mosque, Hashimpur Kadam Rasool Mosque in [[Chandanaish]], the 16th century Kala Mosques, Chhuti Khan Mosque, Kadam Mobara Mosque, Andar Killah Mosque, Bakshi Hamid Mosque of Bashkhali, and East Gomdandi Chowdhury Para Old Mosque of [[Boalkhali Municipality|Boalkhali]] are famous mosques in Chittagong. Also Badar Awlia Dargah is a tomb in Chittagong.<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:চট্টগ্রামের সবচেয়ে প্রাচীন ইমারত|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/article/41009/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4|access-date=2020-07-05|work=Prothom Alo|language=bn}}</ref>
Chittagong District has 13,148 mosques, 1025 [[Hindu]] temples, 535 [[Buddhist]] temples and 192 churches. [[Faqir Mosque|Fakira Mosque]] in [[Hathazari Upazila|Hathazari]], [[Musa Khan Mosque]], [[Chittagong|Hafez Para]] Jame Mosque in [[Lohagara Upazila, Chittagong|Putibila]], Lohagara, Kura Katni Mosque, Hashimpur Kadam Rasool Mosque in [[Chandanaish]], the 16th century Kala Mosques, Chhuti Khan Mosque, Kadam Mobara Mosque, Andar Killah Mosque, Bakshi Hamid Mosque of Bashkhali, and East Gomdandi Chowdhury Para Old Mosque of [[Boalkhali Municipality|Boalkhali]] are famous mosques in Chittagong. Also Badar Awlia Dargah is a tomb in Chittagong.<ref>{{Cite news |script-title=bn:চট্টগ্রামের সবচেয়ে প্রাচীন ইমারত|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/article/41009/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4|access-date=2020-07-05|work=Prothom Alo|date=22 August 2013 |language=bn}}</ref>


The ethnic population is 32,165, consisting mainly of Tripuris and Chakmas.
In 2011, the ethnic population was 32,165, consisting mainly of [[Tripuri people|Tripuris]] and [[Chakma people|Chakmas]]. In 2022, this increased to 48,245 (0.53% of the population).
{{Pie chart
{{Pie chart
|caption=Language in Chittagong District (1931)<ref>[http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5090/1/25392_1931_TAB.pdf Census of India 1931] </ref>
|caption=Language in Chittagong District (1931)<ref>[http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5090/1/25392_1931_TAB.pdf Census of India 1931]</ref>
|label1=[[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1=98.17
|label1=[[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value1=98.17
|label3=[[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]|value3=0.32|label4=[[Nepali language|Naipali]]|value4=0.04|label5=[[Austro-Asiatic languages]]|value5=0.03|value6=0.02|label6=[[Dravidian languages]]|value2=1.31|label2=[[Tibeto-Burman languages|Assam-Burmese]]|value7=0.15|label7=Others|color1=red|color2=blue|color3=green|color4=violet|color5=orange|color6=yellow|color7=#a65628}}
|label3=[[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]|value3=0.32|label4=[[Nepali language|Naipali]]|value4=0.04|label5=[[Austro-Asiatic languages]]|value5=0.03|value6=0.02|label6=[[Dravidian languages]]|value2=1.31|label2=[[Tibeto-Burman languages|Assam-Burmese]]|value7=0.15|label7=Others|color1=green|color2=blue|color3=red|color4=violet|color5=orange|color6=yellow|color7=#a65628}}


== Education ==
== Education ==
Colleges
===Colleges===
*[[Kulgaon City Corporation College]]
* [[Chittagong College]]
*[[Gachbaria Govt. College]]
* Kulgaon City Corporation College
*[[Patiya Govt. College]]
* Gachbaria Government College
*[[Chittagong Cantonment Public College]]
* [[Patiya Government College]]
*[[Chittagong College]]
* [[Chittagong Cantonment Public College]]
*[[Satbaria Oli Ahmad Bir Bikram College]]
* Satbaria Oli Ahmad Bir Bikram College
*[[Anowara Govt. College]]
* Anowara Government College
*[[Govt. Hazi Mohammad Mohsin College]]
*[[Government Hazi Mohammad Mohsin College]]
*[[Govt. City College]]
*[[Government City College, Chittagong]]
*[[Govt. Commerce College]]
*[[Government College of Commerce, Chittagong]]
*[[Nasirabad Govt. Woman College]]
*Chittagong Government Woman's College
*[[Faujdarhat Cadet College]]
*[[Faujdarhat Cadet College]]
⚫
*Halishahar Cantonment Public School and College
⚫
*[[Chittagong Polytechnic Institute]]
*[[Professor Kamal Uddin Chowdhury College]]
*[[Chittagong Mohila Polytechnic Institute]]
⚫
*[[Halishahar Cantonment Public School and College]]
*[[Lohagara Upazila, Chittagong|Chunati Government Girls College, LOHAGARA]]


Universities
===Universities===
*[[Chittagong University]]
*[[Chittagong University]]
*[[Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology]]
*[[Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology]]
*[[Port City International University]].
*[[BGC Trust University Bangladesh]]
*[[BGC Trust University Bangladesh]]
*[[International Islamic University Chittagong]]
*[[International Islamic University Chittagong]]
Line 259: Line 278:
*[[Southern University Bangladesh]]
*[[Southern University Bangladesh]]


===Others===
Medical colleges
*[[Chittagong Medical College]]
*[[Chittagong Medical College]]
*[[BGC Trust Medical College, Chandanaish]]
*[[BGC Trust Medical College, Chandanaish]]
*[[Chittagong Zilla|CHİTTAGONG DENTAL COLLEGE]]
*[[Chittagong Polytechnic Institute]]
⚫
*[[Chittagong Mohila Polytechnic Institute]]


==Language and Culture==
==Language and culture==
Chittagong's official language is Bangla but they have their own language which is called [[Chittagonian language|Chittagonian]] language.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Masica |first=Colin |author-link=Colin Masica |year=1991 |title=The Indo-Aryan Languages |place= Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=16}} "The dialect of Chittagong, in southeast Bangladesh, is different enough to be considered a separate language."</ref> It has its own grammar, phonology and vocabulary.
The official language of Chittagong is [[Bengali language|Standard Bengali]]. However, the language spoken here is the [[Chittagonian language|Chittagonian]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Masica |first=Colin |author-link=Colin Masica |year=1991 |title=The Indo-Aryan Languages |place= Cambridge |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=16}} "The dialect of Chittagong, in southeast Bangladesh, is different enough to be considered a separate language."</ref> which has its own grammar, phonology and vocabulary.


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
{{alumni|residents|date=April 2023}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* [[Nurul Abedin]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Nurul Abedin Profile |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/cricketers/nurul-abedin-56040 |website=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
*[[Binod Bihari Chawdhury]]
*[[Nuton Chandra Singha]]
* [[Nurul Abedin]]
* [[Oli Ahmad]]
* [[Oli Ahmad]]
* [[Mahbubul Alam (author)|Mahbubul Alam]]
* [[Mahbubul Alam (author)|Mahbubul Alam]]
Line 278: Line 297:
* [[Shyam Sundar Baishnab]]
* [[Shyam Sundar Baishnab]]
* [[Partha Barua]]
* [[Partha Barua]]
⚫
* [[Sukomal Barua]]
* [[Abdul Karim Sahitya Bisharad]]
* [[Abdul Karim Sahitya Bisharad]]
* [[Abdul Haq Choudhury]]
* [[Abdul Haq Choudhury]]
Line 290: Line 310:
* [[Charles John Stanley Gough]]
* [[Charles John Stanley Gough]]
* [[Ehsanul Haque]]
* [[Ehsanul Haque]]
* [[Enamul Haque (cricketer, born 1966)]]
* [[Enamul Haque (cricketer, born 1966)|Enamul Haque]]
* [[Enamul Haque (writer)]]
* [[Enamul Haque (writer)|Enamul Haque]]
* [[Chandra Kalindi Roy Henriksen]]
* [[Chandra Kalindi Roy Henriksen]]
* [[Rabiul Hoque]]
* [[Rabiul Hoque]]
Line 299: Line 319:
* [[Tamim Iqbal]]
* [[Tamim Iqbal]]
* [[Mamunul Islam]]
* [[Mamunul Islam]]
* [[Nurul Islam (physician)]]
* [[Nurul Islam (physician)|Nurul Islam]]
* [[Mirza Ahmad Ispahani]]
* [[Mirza Ahmad Ispahani]]
* [[Rubayyat Jahan]]
* [[Rubayyat Jahan]]
* [[Binoy Bashi Joldas]]
* [[Binoy Bashi Joldas]]
* [[Abul Kashem Khan]]
* [[Abul Kashem Khan]]
* [[Akram Khan (cricketer)]]
* [[Akram Khan (cricketer)|Akram Khan]]
* [[Allauddin Khan]]
* [[Allauddin Khan]]
* [[Dawlat Wazir Bahram Khan]]
* [[Dawlat Wazir Bahram Khan]]
Line 310: Line 330:
* [[Dipa Ma]]
* [[Dipa Ma]]
* [[Anandamayi Ma]]
* [[Anandamayi Ma]]
* [[Abdul Mannan (educator)]]
* [[Abdul Mannan (educator)|Abdul Mannan]]
⚫
* [[Suddhananda Mahathero]]
* [[Nusrat Faria Mazhar]]
* [[Nusrat Faria Mazhar]]
* [[Adolph Medlycott]]
* [[Adolph Medlycott]]
* [[Minhajul Abedin]]
* [[Minhajul Abedin]]
* [[A. B. M. Mohiuddin Chowdhury]]
* [[A. B. M. Mohiuddin Chowdhury]]
* [[Moniruzzaman (Chittagong Division cricketer)]]
* [[Moniruzzaman (Chittagong Division cricketer)|Moniruzzaman]]
* [[Anagarika Munindra]]
* [[Anagarika Munindra]]
* [[Masuma Rahman Nabila]]
* [[Masuma Rahman Nabila]]
Line 321: Line 342:
* [[Ayub Quadri]]
* [[Ayub Quadri]]
* [[Gulamur Rahman]]
* [[Gulamur Rahman]]
* [[Mojibur Rahman]]
* [[Minar Rahman]]
* [[Mojibur Rahman (cricketer)|Mojibur Rahman]]
* [[Mihir Rakshit]]
* [[Mihir Rakshit]]
* [[Ramesh Shil]]
* [[Ramesh Shil]]
Line 330: Line 352:
* [[Anupam Sen]]
* [[Anupam Sen]]
* [[Nabinchandra Sen]]
* [[Nabinchandra Sen]]
⚫
* [[Rajat Sen]]
* [[Surya Sen]]
* [[Surya Sen]]
* [[Jatindra Mohan Sengupta]]
* [[Jatindra Mohan Sengupta]]
Line 339: Line 362:
* [[L. K. Siddiqi]]
* [[L. K. Siddiqi]]
* [[Shahidul Yousuf Sohel]]
* [[Shahidul Yousuf Sohel]]
* [[Jack Stephens (set decorator)]]
* [[Jack Stephens (set decorator)|Jack Stephens]]
⚫
* [[Suddhananda Mahathero]]
⚫
* [[Sukomal Barua]]
* [[Pritilata Waddedar]]
* [[Pritilata Waddedar]]
* [[Yasir Ali (Bangladeshi cricketer)]]
* [[Yasir Ali (Bangladeshi cricketer)|Yasir Ali]]
* [[Monica Yunus]]
* [[Monica Yunus]]
* [[Muhammad Yunus]]
* [[Muhammad Yunus]]
* [[Zamor]]
* [[Zamor]]
⚫
* [[Rajat Sen]]
* [[Minar Rahman]]
* [[Kiara Advani]]
* [[Ananya Panday]]
* [[Kriti Sanon]]
* [[Alia Bhatt]]
* [[Sanjana Sanghi]]
* [[Tamannaah Bhatia]]
* [[Mrunal Thakur]]
* [[Janhvi Kapoor]]
* [[Samantha Ruth Prabhu]]
* [[Tara Sutaria]]
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Chittagong]]
* [[Chittagong]]
* [[Chittagong Division]]
* [[Divisions of Bangladesh]]
* [[Divisions of Bangladesh]]


Latest revision as of 14:25, 1 July 2024

Chittagong District
চট্টগ্রাম জেলা
District of Bangladesh
Chattogram District
Clockwise from top-left: View of Agrabad, Anderkilla Shahi Jame Mosque, Mahamaya Lake, Port of Chittagong, Chandranath Temple at Sitakunda
Official seal of Chittagong District
Seal
Map
Expandable map of Chittagong District
Coordinates: 22°20′15″N 91°50′20″E / 22.3375°N 91.8389°E / 22.3375; 91.8389
Country Bangladesh
DivisionChittagong Division
SeatChittagong
Government
 • Divisional CommissionerMd. Tofayel Islam
 • Deputy CommissionerAbul Bashar Mohammad Fakhruzzaman
 • District Council ChairmanA.T.M. Pearul Islam
Area
 • Total5,282.92 km2 (2,039.75 sq mi)
 • Rank2
Population
 (2022 census)[1]
 • Total9,169,464
 • Rank2
 • Density1,700/km2 (4,500/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+06:00 (BST)
HDI (2019)0.654[2]
medium · 3rd of 20
Websitechittagong.gov.bd

Chittagong District, renamed the Chattogram District,[3] is a district located in south-eastern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Chittagong Division. The port city of Chittagong, which is the second largest city in Bangladesh, is located within this district.

Geography

[edit]

Chittagong district is situated along the southeastern coast of Bangladesh, between the Bay of Bengal to the west, Cox's Bazar district to the south, the Chittagong Hill Tracts to the east, the Indian state of Tripura to the north and Feni district to the northwest. Within the Bay of Bengal is the island of Sandwip and several nearby islands, which together form an upazila of the district.

The district's topography is primarily defined by a series of low hill ranges running roughly parallel to the coast and with each other. Between these hill ranges are broad alluvial valleys with sandstone bedrock, and they are also divided by several major rivers, namely the Karnaphuli and Sangu. The most important of these ranges runs roughly from the tripoint with Feni district and Tripura in the north southeast to Chittagong city, known as the Sitakunda hills. This hill range is around 70 kilometres in length and its highest point, Chandranath, is around 350 metres in height. Along the eastern border with Khagrachhari district lies broken hill country.[4] Another set of hills enters the district in the western part of Rangunia Upazila and ends at the Karnaphuli. South of the Karnaphuli, the hills run southeast through the eastern part of Patiya and Chandanaish upazilas to the Sangu River. South of the Sangu lies another hill range close to the coast which divides Banskhali Upazila from Satkania and Lohagara Upazilas, and continues into Cox's Bazar district. The southeastern border with Bandarban district lies along the foothills of the Hill Tracts. To the west of the hill ranges lies a coastal plain with a small width,[4] and along the shore there are numerous beaches which have become tourist destinations.

Rivers

[edit]

The major rivers running through Chittagong district are the Feni, Karnaphuli and Sangu.[4]

The Feni arises in Tripura state, and forms the entire border between Tripura and Chittagong district. It separates the Sitakunda hill range from the hill ranges in Tripura to the north. After fully entering Bangladesh, it flows southwest, meandering slightly, roughly along the border between Mirsharai Upazila with Feni district before entering the Bay of Bengal amid tidal flats.[4]

The Karnaphuli enters Chittagong district at Chandraghona in Rangunia Upazila. It goes through several large meanders and divides the Patiya hill range from the hills to their north. It flows west before turning southwest near Boalkhali and forms the southern limits of Chittagong city, entering the sea near Patenga thana. One of its main tributaries is the Halda river. The Halda arises in the Chittagong Hill tracts and flows west into Fatikchhari Upazila. It then turns southeast, flowing past Fatikchhari and Hathazari before entering the Karnaphuli near the northeasternmost part of Chittagong city.[4]

The Sangu river arises in Bandarban district of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, and enters Chittagong district at Dhopachari in Chandanaish Upazila. It forms most of the border between Chandanaish and Satkania upazilas, as well as between Anowara and Banshkhali upazilas, before entering the sea 16 kilometres south of the mouth of the Karnaphulil.[4]

There are several khals also in the district.

History

[edit]
Main article: History of Chittagong

Because of the natural harbour, Chittagong had been an important location for trade, drawing Arab traders as early as the 9th century CE. The region fell under the rule of kings from Arakan in the 16th and 17th centuries, but later, the Mughal Army under Shaista Khan conquered Chittagong. During the 17th century, the region also faced a lot of attacks by Portuguese pirates, who occupied Sandwip for a long time. The Mughals established Chittagong as a district in 1666. Chittagong is the 2nd largest district in Bangladesh by population and area. The Chittagong Hill Tracts were separated from Chittagong in 1860. In 1947, Chittagong came under Pakistan and became part a district of East Pakistan. Port of Chittagong was a big spot for exports and imports of Pakistan. After the liberation of Bangladesh, Cox's Bazar District was separated in 1984.[5]

Administration

[edit]
  • Administrator of Zila Porishod: M A Salam[6]
  • Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Elius Hossain [7]

Subdivisions

[edit]

There are 15 upazilas[8] and 33 thanas[9] within Chittagong District. There are 16 Thanas for the Chattogram Metropolitan Police covered area including the Karnaphuli Upazila, 2 for Fatikchhari Upazila, 2 for Mirsharai Upazila, and 1 for each of the remaining 13 upazilas.

The upazilas are:

  1. Anwara Upazila
  2. Banshkhali Upazila
  3. Boalkhali Upazila
  4. Chandanaish Upazila
  5. Fatikchhari Upazila
  6. Hathazari Upazila
  7. Karnaphuli Upazila[10]
  8. Lohagara Upazila
  9. Mirsharai Upazila
  10. Patiya Upazila
  11. Rangunia Upazila
  12. Raozan Upazila
  13. Sandwip Upazila
  14. Satkania Upazila
  15. Sitakunda Upazila

The thanas for the Chattogram Metropolitan Police covered area are:

  1. Akbar Shah Thana
  2. Bakoliya Thana
  3. Bandar Thana
  4. Bayazid Bostami Thana
  5. Chandgaon Thana
  6. Chawkbazar Thana
  7. Chittagong Kotwali Thana
  8. Double Mooring Thana
  9. EPZ Thana
  10. Halishahar Thana
  11. Karnaphuli Thana
  12. Khulshi Thana
  13. Pahartali Thana
  14. Panchlaish Thana
  15. Patenga Thana
  16. Sadarghat Thana

The thanas for the Fatikchhari Upazila are:

  1. Bhujpur Thana
  2. Fatikchhari Thana

The thanas for the Mirsharai Upazila are:

  1. Jorargonj Thana
  2. Mirsharai Thana

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1974 3,506,150—    
1981 4,465,158+3.51%
1991 5,296,127+1.72%
2001 6,612,140+2.24%
2011 7,616,352+1.42%
2022 9,169,465+1.70%
Sources:[11][12]

According to the 2022 Census of Bangladesh, Chittagong District had 2,143,909 households and a population of 9,169,465. The population density was 1,736 people per km2. 1,729,570 (18.86%) were under 10 years of age. Chittagong district had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 81.06%, compared to the national average of 74.8%, and a sex ratio of 1006 females per 1000 males. 4,885,216 (53.28%) lived in urban areas.[11]

Religion

[edit]
Religions in Chittagong District (2022)[11]
Religion Percent
Islam
 
 87.53%
Hinduism
 
 10.72%
Buddhism
 
 1.63%
Other or not stated
 
 0.12%
Religion in present-day Chittagong district[a]
Religion Population (1941)[13]: 102–103  Percentage (1941) Population (2022)[11] Percentage (2022)
Islam 1,402,130 72.49% 8,025,722 87.53%
Hinduism 470,026 24.30% 982,568 10.72%
Buddhism --- --- 149,773 1.63%
Others [b] 62,212 3.22% 10,976 0.12%
Total Population 1,934,368 100% 9,169,039 100%

Chittagong is multi-religious. In 2011 Muslims were 86.90%, while Hindus and Buddhists were 11.31% and 1.59% respectively. Chittagong has the largest population of Hindus of any district in Bangladesh. All religions are increasing in numbers, with Hindus and Buddhists growing more slowly.

Chittagong District has 13,148 mosques, 1025 Hindu temples, 535 Buddhist temples and 192 churches. Fakira Mosque in Hathazari, Musa Khan Mosque, Hafez Para Jame Mosque in Putibila, Lohagara, Kura Katni Mosque, Hashimpur Kadam Rasool Mosque in Chandanaish, the 16th century Kala Mosques, Chhuti Khan Mosque, Kadam Mobara Mosque, Andar Killah Mosque, Bakshi Hamid Mosque of Bashkhali, and East Gomdandi Chowdhury Para Old Mosque of Boalkhali are famous mosques in Chittagong. Also Badar Awlia Dargah is a tomb in Chittagong.[14]

In 2011, the ethnic population was 32,165, consisting mainly of Tripuris and Chakmas. In 2022, this increased to 48,245 (0.53% of the population).

Language in Chittagong District (1931)[15]

  Bengali (98.17%)
  Assam-Burmese (1.31%)
  Hindustani (0.32%)
  Naipali (0.04%)
  Austro-Asiatic languages (0.03%)
  Dravidian languages (0.02%)
  Others (0.15%)

Education

[edit]

Colleges

[edit]

Universities

[edit]

Others

[edit]

Language and culture

[edit]

The official language of Chittagong is Standard Bengali. However, the language spoken here is the Chittagonian,[16] which has its own grammar, phonology and vocabulary.

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Sadar subdivision of Chittagong district and Sandwip thana of Noakhali district
  2. ^ Including Jainism, Christianity, Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Ad-Dharmis, or not stated

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Population and Housing Census 2022: Preliminary Report. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. August 2022. pp. viii, 29, 38, 45. ISBN 978-984-35-2977-0.
  2. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
  3. ^ Mahadi Al Hasnat (2 April 2018). "Mixed reactions as govt changes English spellings of 5 district names". Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d e f OʼMalley, L. S. S. (1908). Eastern Bengal district gazetteers Chittagong.
  5. ^ Mohammad Mahibbullah Siddiqi (2012). "Cox's Bazar District". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  6. ^ "AL men appointed administrators". The Daily Star. 16 December 2011.
  7. ^ মো. ইলিয়াস হোসেন চট্টগ্রাম বিভাগের শ্রেষ্ঠ জেলা প্রশাসক. Chittagong Pratidin (in Bengali). 27 January 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  8. ^ Jasim Uddin Harun (2012). "Chittagong District". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh.
  9. ^ "Home Minister to launch 4 new thanas in Ctg tomorrow". The Financial Express. 29 May 2013.
  10. ^ "Karnaphuli becomes Bangladesh's 490th Upazila". bdnews24.com. 9 May 2016.
  11. ^ a b c d National Report (PDF). Population and Housing Census 2022. Vol. I. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023. pp. 143, 151, 179, 191, 265. ISBN 9789844752016.
  12. ^ "Bangladesh Population and Housing Census 2011 Zila Report – Chittagong" (PDF). bbs.gov.bd. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics.
  13. ^ "Census of India, 1941 Volume VI Bengal Province" (PDF).
  14. ^ চট্টগ্রামের সবচেয়ে প্রাচীন ইমারত. Prothom Alo (in Bengali). 22 August 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  15. ^ Census of India 1931
  16. ^ Masica, Colin (1991). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 16. "The dialect of Chittagong, in southeast Bangladesh, is different enough to be considered a separate language."
  17. ^ "Nurul Abedin Profile". ESPNcricinfo.
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