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Paper dolls are figures cut out of paper or thin card, with separate clothes, also made of paper, that are usually held onto the dolls by paper folding tabs.^[1] They may be a figure of a person, animal or inanimate object.^[2] Paper dolls have been inexpensive children's toys for almost two hundred years. Artists are turning paper dolls into an art form.

Paper dolls have been used for advertising, appeared in magazines and newspapers, and covered a variety of subjects and time periods. Over the years, they have been used to reinforce cultural beliefs regarding the appearance of ideal women.^[3]

Fine motor skills and eye-hand coordination are gained from cutting out the paper doll figures and their clothing in order to play with the dolls.

They have become highly sought-after collectibles, especially as vintage paper dolls become rarer due to the limited lifespan of paper objects. However, paper dolls are still being created.

Some flat plastic figures are similar to paper dolls, like Colorforms figures and Flatsy dolls, but these are imitations and not considered characteristic of the paper doll art form.^[4] Magnetized versions of paper dolls have also been produced over the years.

Paper dolls have regained popularity with young children featuring popular characters and celebrities. Online and virtual paper dolls like KiSS, Stardoll and Doll makers also have a popular following, with users able to drag and drop images of clothes onto images of dolls or actual people.

History

1919 magazine illustration of actress Norma Talmadge and some of her film costumes in paper doll form

Paper dolls have been around as long as there has been paper, perhaps hundreds or even thousands of years by some estimates. Faces or other objects were applied to the paper and they were used during religious rituals and ceremonies in the Asian cultures many centuries ago. The Japanese used paper for origami, the art of paper folding, and dating back to 800 AD they folded paper figurines in the shape of kimono. Balinese people made paper and leather into puppets since before the Common Era. Other cultures around the world have had paper formations or paper art, including in Poland, where they were called Wycinanki. These early types of paper figures differ from typical modern paper dolls, as no clothes were made to be used with the dolls.

The first manufactured paper doll was “Little Fanny”, produced by S&J Fuller, London, in 1810.^[2] In Europe, particularly France, the first paper dolls were popular since the mid-18th century. The oldest known paper doll card is hosted by Germanisches Nationalmuseum and was printed around 1650 in Southern Germany, showing two female figures with a number of dresses, pieces of headgear, hairstyles and accessories.^[5] The paper was jointed and they were called pantins meaning dancing or jumping jack puppet. They were intended to entertain adults and spread throughout high society. They were drawn or painted like people with fashions for each doll. These were more similar to contemporary Western paper dolls. Rare hand-painted sets of paper figures dating to the late 1780s can be found in some museums.^[6]

"The History and Adventures of Little Henry", by J. Belcher, was the first American toy that included paper dolls. Published in 1812, this book prompted children to act out various scenes with the paper dolls that were included.^[3]

The biggest American producer of paper dolls, McLoughlin Brothers, was founded in early 1800 and was sold to Milton Bradley in 1920s. Around this time paper dolls became popular in the US and then grew in popularity in the following decades. The rise of paper doll production in the mid-19th century to mid-20th century was partially due to technological advances that made printing significantly less expensive.^[3]

Book publishing companies that followed in the production of paper dolls or cut-outs were Lowe, Whitman, Saalfield and Merrill among others. Movie stars and celebrities became the focus in the early days of paper dolls in the USA. Paper dolls are still produced and Whitman and Golden Co. still publish paper dolls.

Besides movie stars, women of leisure tended to be the women featured in paper doll form. As more women began to enter the work force in the twentieth-century, paper doll manufacturers began to produce dolls that represented career women. The women's rights movement in mid-20th century was partially responsible for instigating this change. Brides were another common figure often represented in paper doll form.^[3]

Convention

A paper doll convention is held every year in the United States. In 2016, one was held in Phoenix, Arizona.^[7]

References

^ "Paper doll". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. Retrieved 2012-05-19.
^ ^a ^b "History of paper dolls". OPDAG. Retrieved 2012-05-19.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "History of Paper Dolls and Popular Culture". National Women's History Museum. Retrieved 2018-09-19.
^ Frederick J. Augustyn (2004). Dictionary of toys and games in American popular culture. Routledge. pp. 80–81. ISBN 9780789015044.
^ Zander-Seidel, Jutta (2015). In Mode: Kleider und Bilder aus Renaissance und Frühbarock (in German). Nuremberg: Germanisches Nationalmuseum. pp. 179–180. ISBN 978-3-936688-96-2.
^ La historia a través de los recortables (in Spanish)
^ "Paper Doll Convention".

External links

[1] "Paper doll". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. Retrieved 2012-05-19.

[OPDAG-2] "History of paper dolls". OPDAG. Retrieved 2012-05-19.

[:0-3] "History of Paper Dolls and Popular Culture". National Women's History Museum. Retrieved 2018-09-19.

[4] Frederick J. Augustyn (2004). Dictionary of toys and games in American popular culture. Routledge. pp. 80–81. ISBN 9780789015044.

[5] Zander-Seidel, Jutta (2015). In Mode: Kleider und Bilder aus Renaissance und Frühbarock (in German). Nuremberg: Germanisches Nationalmuseum. pp. 179–180. ISBN 978-3-936688-96-2.

[6] La historia a través de los recortables (in Spanish)

[7] "Paper Doll Convention".

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|2D figure made from paper or thin card}}
-{{other uses}}
+{{Other uses}}
 [[File:Girlgenderrole3.jpg|thumb|A girl playing with paper dolls]]
-'''Paper dolls''' are figures cut out of paper or thin card, with separate clothes, also made of paper, that are usually held onto the [[doll]]s by paper folding tabs.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.thefreedictionary.com/paper+doll|title=Paper doll|publisher=The Free Dictionary By Farlex|accessdate=2012-05-19}}</ref> They may be a figure of a person, animal or inanimate object.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.opdag.com/History.html|title=History of paper dolls|publisher=OPDAG |accessdate=2012-05-19}}</ref> Paper dolls have been inexpensive children's toys for almost two hundred years. Today, many artists are turning paper dolls into an art form.
+'''Paper dolls''' are figures cut out of paper or thin card, with separate clothes, also made of paper, that are usually held onto the [[doll]]s by paper folding tabs.<ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.thefreedictionary.com/paper+doll|title=Paper doll|publisher=The Free Dictionary By Farlex|access-date=2012-05-19}}</ref> They may be a figure of a person, animal or inanimate object.<ref name="OPDAG">{{cite web| url= http://www.opdag.com/History.html|title=History of paper dolls|publisher=OPDAG |access-date=2012-05-19}}</ref> Paper dolls have been inexpensive children's toys for almost two hundred years. Artists are turning paper dolls into an art form.
-Paper dolls have been used for [[advertising]], appeared in [[magazines]] and [[newspapers]], and covered a variety of subjects and time periods. They have become highly sought-after [[collectibles]], especially as vintage paper dolls become rarer due to the limited lifespan of paper objects. Paper dolls are still being created today.
+Paper dolls have been used for [[advertising]], appeared in [[magazines]] and [[newspapers]], and covered a variety of subjects and time periods. Over the years, they have been used to reinforce cultural beliefs regarding the appearance of ideal women.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.womenshistory.org/articles/history-paper-dolls-and-popular-culture|title=History of Paper Dolls and Popular Culture|website=National Women's History Museum|language=en|access-date=2018-09-19}}</ref>
+Fine motor skills and eye-hand coordination are gained from cutting out the paper doll figures and their clothing in order to play with the dolls.
-Some flat plastic figures are similar to paper dolls, like [[Colorforms]] figures and [[Flatsy doll]]s, but these are mere imitations and not considered true archetypal characteristics of the paper doll art form.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=syVQ9wjPnYIC&pg=PA80&ei=26_2TPnMN8LqOdeivM0I |title=Dictionary of toys and games in American popular culture |author=Frederick J. Augustyn |publisher=Routledge |year=2004 |pages=80–81 }}</ref>
+They have become highly sought-after [[collectibles]], especially as vintage paper dolls become rarer due to the limited lifespan of paper objects. However, paper dolls are still being created.
+Some flat plastic figures are similar to paper dolls, like [[Colorforms]] figures and [[Flatsy doll]]s, but these are imitations and not considered characteristic of the paper doll art form.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=syVQ9wjPnYIC&pg=PA80 |title=Dictionary of toys and games in American popular culture |author=Frederick J. Augustyn |publisher=Routledge |year=2004 |pages=80–81 |isbn=9780789015044 }}</ref> Magnetized versions of paper dolls have also been produced over the years.
 Paper dolls have regained popularity with young children featuring popular characters and [[celebrities]]. [[Online]] and [[Virtuality|virtual]] paper dolls like [[Kisekae Set System|KiSS]], [[Stardoll]] and [[Doll maker (Internet)|Doll makers]] also have a popular following, with users able to [[drag and drop]] images of clothes onto images of dolls or actual people.
@@ Line 11: / Line 16: @@
 ==History==
 [[Image:Norma-DOLLS.jpg|thumb|left|1919 magazine illustration of actress [[Norma Talmadge]] and some of her film costumes in paper doll form]]
-Paper dolls have been around as long as there has been paper, perhaps hundreds or even thousands of years by some estimates. Faces or other objects were applied to the paper and they were used during religious rituals and ceremonies in the Asian cultures many centuries ago. The [[Japan]]ese used paper for [[Origami]], artful paper folding, and dating back to 800 AD they folded paper figurines in the shape of [[Kimono]]. [[Balinese people]] made paper and leather into puppets since before the Christian Era. Other cultures around the world have had paper formations or paper art, including in Poland, where they were called Wy'cinanki. These early types of paper figures differ from typical paper dolls today, as no clothes were made to be used with the dolls.
+Paper dolls have been around as long as there has been paper, perhaps hundreds or even thousands of years by some estimates. Faces or other objects were applied to the paper and they were used during religious rituals and ceremonies in the Asian cultures many centuries ago. The [[Japan]]ese used paper for [[origami]], the art of paper folding, and dating back to 800 AD they folded paper figurines in the shape of [[kimono]]. [[Balinese people]] made paper and leather into puppets since before the Common Era. Other cultures around the world have had paper formations or paper art, including in [[Poland]], where they were called [[Vytynanky (Wycinanki)|Wycinanki]]. These early types of paper figures differ from typical modern paper dolls, as no clothes were made to be used with the dolls.
+The first manufactured paper doll was “Little Fanny”, produced by S&J Fuller, London, in 1810.<ref name="OPDAG"/>
-In Europe, particularly France, the first paper dolls were made during the mid-18th century. The paper was jointed and they were called ''pantins'' meaning dancing or [[Jumping jack (toy)|jumping jack]] puppet. They were intended to entertain adults and spread throughout high society. They were drawn or painted like people with fashions for each doll. These were more similar to contemporary Western paper dolls. Rare hand-painted sets of paper figures dating to the late 1780s can be found in some museums today.<ref>[http://www.abc.es/hemeroteca/historico-07-01-2008/abc/Madrid/la-historia-a-traves-de-los-recortables_1641541618863.html
+In Europe, particularly France, the first paper dolls were popular since the mid-18th century. The oldest known paper doll card is hosted by [[Germanisches Nationalmuseum]] and was printed around 1650 in [[Southern Germany]], showing two female figures with a number of dresses, pieces of headgear, hairstyles and accessories.<ref>{{cite book | last =Zander-Seidel | first =Jutta | title =In Mode: Kleider und Bilder aus Renaissance und Frühbarock | publisher =Germanisches Nationalmuseum | date =2015 | location =Nuremberg | pages =179–180 | language =de | isbn =978-3-936688-96-2}}</ref> The paper was jointed and they were called ''pantins'' meaning dancing or [[Jumping jack (toy)|jumping jack]] puppet. They were intended to entertain adults and spread throughout high society. They were drawn or painted like people with fashions for each doll. These were more similar to contemporary Western paper dolls. Rare hand-painted sets of paper figures dating to the late 1780s can be found in some museums.<ref>[http://www.abc.es/hemeroteca/historico-07-01-2008/abc/Madrid/la-historia-a-traves-de-los-recortables_1641541618863.html La historia a través de los recortables] (in Spanish)</ref>
-La historia a través de los recortables] (in Spanish)</ref>
+"The History and Adventures of Little Henry", by J. Belcher, was the first American toy that included paper dolls. Published in 1812, this book prompted children to act out various scenes with the paper dolls that were included.<ref name=":0"/>
-The biggest American producer of paper dolls, [[McLoughlin Brothers]], was founded in early 1800 and was sold to [[Milton Bradley Company|Milton Bradley]] in 1920s. Around this time paper dolls became popular in the USA and then grew in popularity in the following decades.
+The biggest American producer of paper dolls, [[McLoughlin Brothers]], was founded in early 1800 and was sold to [[Milton Bradley Company|Milton Bradley]] in 1920s. Around this time paper dolls became popular in the US and then grew in popularity in the following decades. The rise of paper doll production in the mid-19th century to mid-20th century was partially due to technological advances that made printing significantly less expensive.<ref name=":0" />
 [[Image:Paper-doll-3.jpg|thumb|right|Paper doll with clothes]]
-Book publishing companies that followed in the production of paper dolls or cut-outs were Lowe, [[Whitman Publishing|Whitman]], [[Saalfield Publishing|Saalfield]] and [[Bobbs-Merrill Company|Merrill]] among others. [[Movie star]]s and celebrities became the focus in the early days of paper dolls in the USA. Paper dolls are still produced today and Whitman and Golden Co. still publish paper dolls.
+Book publishing companies that followed in the production of paper dolls or cut-outs were Lowe, [[Whitman Publishing|Whitman]], [[Saalfield Publishing|Saalfield]] and [[Bobbs-Merrill Company|Merrill]] among others. [[Movie star]]s and celebrities became the focus in the early days of paper dolls in the USA. Paper dolls are still produced and Whitman and Golden Co. still publish paper dolls.
+Besides movie stars, women of leisure tended to be the women featured in paper doll form. As more women began to enter the work force in the twentieth-century, paper doll manufacturers began to produce dolls that represented career women. The [[women's rights movement]] in mid-20th century was partially responsible for instigating this change. Brides were another common figure often represented in paper doll form.<ref name=":0" />
-Vintage paper dolls with hand-painted artwork are becoming increasingly rare due to paper aging issues. They have become collectible, and the prices for mint uncut sets can be between $100 and up to over $500 for a sought after title.
+==Convention==
-A paper doll convention is held every year in the United States, with hundreds of attendees. The most recent convention was held in [[Phoenix, Arizona]] in the summer of 2016.<ref>http://10times.com/doll-convention</ref>
+A paper doll convention is held every year in the United States. In 2016, one was held in [[Phoenix, Arizona]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://10times.com/doll-convention|title = Paper Doll Convention}}</ref>
-{{clear}}
+{{Clear}}
 == See also ==
@@ Line 34: / Line 42: @@
 * [[Dress-Up]]
 * [[Kewpie]]
+*[[Shikigami]]
 == References ==
-*[http://www.opdag.com/history.html History of Paper Dolls]
 {{Reflist}}
@@ Line 42: / Line 50: @@
 {{Commons category|Paper dolls}}
 * [http://www.opdag.com/ The Original Paper Doll Artists Guild]
+*[https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.PAPERDOLLS Guide to the Paper Dolls Collection mid 19th century] at the [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/scrc/ University of Chicago Special Collections Research Center]
+{{Authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Paper Doll}}
-[[Category:Paper art]]
+[[Category:Paper art|Doll, paper]]
 [[Category:Traditional dolls]]
-[[Category:Paper toys]]
+[[Category:Paper toys|Doll, paper]]
+[[Category:Traditional toys]]