End of the Century: Difference between revisions
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{{about|the Ramones album|the documentary|End of the Century: The Story of the Ramones|the Boris the Sprinkler album|End of the Century (Boris the Sprinkler album)|the Argentine film|End of the Century (film)|the French term regarding the end of the century|Fin de siècle}} |
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{{good article}} |
{{good article}} |
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{{Infobox album |
{{Infobox album |
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| name = End of the Century |
| name = End of the Century |
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| type = studio |
| type = studio |
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| artist = the [[Ramones]] |
| artist = the [[Ramones]] |
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| cover = Ramones - End of the Century cover.jpg |
| cover = Ramones - End of the Century cover.jpg |
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| alt = |
| alt = |
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| released = {{start date|1980|2|4|mf=yes}} |
| released = {{start date|1980|2|4|mf=yes}} |
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| recorded = May 1979 |
| recorded = May 1979 |
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| studio = [[Gold Star Studios|Gold Star]], Excalibur, [[Devonshire Sound Studios|Devonshire Sound]], Salty Dog, Original Sound and Scream<ref name="mixonline">{{cite web|url=https://www.mixonline.com/recording/classic-tracks-rock-n-roll-high-school-ramones-423158|title=Classic Tracks: "Rock 'n' Roll High School," The Ramones|website=[[Mix (magazine)|Mix]]|date=December 5, 2014|access-date=May 17, 2022|last=Schultz|first=Barbara}}</ref> (Los Angeles) |
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| studio = |
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| genre = |
| genre = *[[Punk rock]] |
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| length = 34:14 |
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*[[Pop punk]] |
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| label = [[Sire Records|Sire]] |
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| producer = [[Phil Spector]] |
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| chronology = Ramones |
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| prev_title = [[Road to Ruin (Ramones album)|Road to Ruin]] |
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| chronology = Ramones |
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| prev_year = 1978 |
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| prev_title = [[Road to Ruin (Ramones album)|Road to Ruin]] |
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| next_title = [[Pleasant Dreams]] |
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| prev_year = 1978 |
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| next_year = 1981 |
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| next_title = [[Pleasant Dreams]] |
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| |
| misc = {{Singles |
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| misc = {{Singles |
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| name = End of the Century |
| name = End of the Century |
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| type = studio |
| type = studio |
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| single1 = [[ |
| single1 = [[Rock 'n' Roll High School (song)|Rock 'n' Roll High School]] |
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| single1date = |
| single1date = June 1, 1979 |
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| single2 = [[ |
| single2 = [[Baby, I Love You]] |
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| single2date = 1980 |
| single2date = January 1980 |
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| single3 = [[Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?]] |
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| single3date = May 16, 1980 |
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}} |
}} |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''End of the Century''''' is the fifth studio album by the American [[punk rock]] band |
'''''End of the Century''''' is the fifth studio album by the American [[punk rock]] band [[Ramones]], released on February 4, 1980, through [[Sire Records]]. The album was the band's first to be produced by [[Phil Spector]], though he had offered the band his assistance earlier in their career. With Spector fully producing the album, it was the first release that excluded original member [[Tommy Ramone]], who had left the band in 1978 but had produced their previous album ''[[Road to Ruin (Ramones album)|Road to Ruin]]''. Spector used more advanced standards of engineering, such as high-quality [[overdubbing]] and [[echo chamber]]s. These painstaking methods caused conflict between the band and Spector since the Ramones were accustomed to a quicker recording process. Spector emphasized the production value as well, working with a budget of around $200,000, far exceeding their earlier album sessions. |
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The songs on ''End of the Century'' were written primarily to expand the band's fan |
The songs on ''End of the Century'' were written primarily to expand the band's fan base, straying from the band's original punk genre and steering toward a more [[pop music|pop]] oriented sound. The lyrics on the album deal with various topics, ranging from drug addictions to the band's lifestyle while touring. The album also features a cover of [[the Ronettes]]' song "[[Baby, I Love You]]", as well as successors to the previous Ramones songs "[[Judy Is a Punk]]" and "[[Havana Affair]]". |
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It received generally positive reviews from critics, though many reviewers were less favorable than they had been to the band's previous releases, due to Spector's production quality and the band's desire for mainstream success starting to show in their music. Despite this, the album is the highest |
It received generally positive reviews from critics, though many reviewers were less favorable than they had been to the band's previous releases, due to Spector's production quality and the band's desire for mainstream success starting to show in their music. Despite this, the album is the highest-charting Ramones album of all time, reaching number 44 on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] chart, and number 14 on the [[UK Albums Chart]]. ''End of the Century'' spawned the singles "[[Baby, I Love You]]" and "[[Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?]]", both of which charted in Europe. |
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== Recording and production == |
== Recording and production == |
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In February 1977 after attending a Ramones concert in Los Angeles, music producer [[Phil Spector]] offered to assist in making ''[[Rocket to Russia]]''. The band declined his offer, feeling as though the album would not be the same without [[Tommy Ramone]] and [[Tony Bongiovi]] producing the album.<ref name="true 136" /><ref>Ramone 2012, ch. 3.</ref> While the band refused his initial offer, their management later asked Spector to help with the album because of their lack of popularity and sales. ''End of the Century'' would be the first album released without former drummer and producer Tommy.<ref name="ramone 90" /> Spector had become famous through his work with [[ |
In February 1977 after attending a Ramones concert in Los Angeles, music producer [[Phil Spector]] offered to assist in making ''[[Rocket to Russia]]''. The band declined his offer, feeling as though the album would not be the same without [[Tommy Ramone]] and [[Tony Bongiovi]] producing the album.<ref name="true 136" /><ref>Ramone 2012, ch. 3.</ref> While the band refused his initial offer, their management later asked Spector to help with the album because of their lack of popularity and sales. ''End of the Century'' would be the first album released without former drummer and producer Tommy.<ref name="ramone 90" /> Spector had become famous through his work with [[the Ronettes]], [[the Righteous Brothers]], [[Ike and Tina Turner]], [[the Beatles]] and [[John Lennon]], among others. With these releases, Spector defined what would become known as the "[[Wall of Sound]]", which is a dense, layered, and reverberant sound that came across well on [[AM radio]] and [[jukebox]]es. These standards are created through instruments performing identical parts in [[unison]], using high-quality [[overdubbing]] and [[echo chamber]]s to aid in the production value.<ref name="ramone 90" /><ref>Ribowsky, Mark. ''He's a Rebel''. Cambridge, MA: Perseus, 2007.</ref> The producer was convinced that the Ramones had talent with lyrics and musical structure, so he intended to promote the band through more advanced methods of sound output.<ref name="ramone 90">Ramone 2012, ch. 5.</ref> |
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Recording sessions for the album began on May 1, 1979 at [[Gold Star Studios]] in [[Hollywood]], [[Los Angeles]]. Gold Star Studios had become famous through its history with artists like [[Eddie Cochran]] and the [[Beach Boys]].<ref name="true 136">True 2005, p. 136.</ref> At the Ramones' request, |
Recording sessions for the album began on May 1, 1979 at [[Gold Star Studios]] in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]], [[Los Angeles]]. Gold Star Studios had become famous through its history with artists like [[Eddie Cochran]] and the [[Beach Boys]].<ref name="true 136">True 2005, p. 136.</ref> At the Ramones' request,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fricke|first=David|title=Hit or Bust|journal=[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]|date=May 2011|page=78}}</ref> [[Ed Stasium]] joined the band in Los Angeles, serving as 'musical director', playing additional guitar parts and singing backing vocals, but not engineering.<ref name="mixonline"/> During the studio work, Spector's recording methods were different from those the Ramones were accustomed to from their four previous studio albums. The band recorded their earlier compositions in the shortest time possible for the lowest feasible budget, with a relatively low production value. With ''End of the Century'', which took nearly six months to mix,<ref>True 2005, p. 149.</ref> the band experienced Spector's infamous perfectionism, and a budget of $200,000 to fully record and produce the album.<ref name="true 145">True 2005, p. 145.</ref> This is significant because the band's debut album cost $6,400 total, and their second album cost $10,000.<ref>Leigh 2009, p. 128.</ref><ref>Porter 2004, p. 75.</ref> ''End of the Century'' is the most expensive album in the Ramones' career.<ref>Porter 2004, p. 104.</ref> |
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=== Conflict === |
=== Conflict === |
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This method of recording caused conflicts to arise. Bassist [[Dee Dee Ramone]] wrote of Spector's obsessive techniques: "Phil would sit in the control room and would listen through the headphones to [[Marky Ramone|Marky]] hit one note on the drum, hour after hour, after hour, after hour."<ref name="Ramone 2000 132">Ramone 2000, p. 132.</ref> During the recording of "Rock 'n' Roll High School", Johnny was forced by Spector to repeat his part hundreds of times |
This method of recording caused conflicts to arise. Bassist [[Dee Dee Ramone]] wrote of Spector's obsessive techniques: "Phil would sit in the control room and would listen through the headphones to [[Marky Ramone|Marky]] hit one note on the drum, hour after hour, after hour, after hour."<ref name="Ramone 2000 132">Ramone 2000, p. 132.</ref> During the recording of "Rock 'n' Roll High School", Johnny was forced by Spector to repeat his part hundreds of times for several hours. [[Sire Records]] owner [[Seymour Stein]] relates: "To Johnny, this must have been like the [[Chinese water torture]]."<ref>{{cite video | people= Jim Fields (director) Michael Gramaglia (director) | date= 2003-01-19 | title= End of the Century: The Story of the Ramones | type= DVD | publisher= [[Rhino Entertainment|Rhino Records]]/[[Sire Records]] | location = United States }}</ref> "I understood [Spector's] attitude," said Marky. "He was from [[The Bronx]], I was from [[Brooklyn]]. We got along very well and had a nice rapport... But he had his way of working that was very slow, and the Ramones had their way of working which was very fast. So that would sometimes irk everybody, and led to animosity with Johnny and Dee Dee."<ref>Fortnam, Ian: "Heavy load"; ''[[Classic Rock (magazine)|Classic Rock]]'' #216, November 2015, p138</ref> |
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Early in the sessions, Spector reportedly held the Ramones [[hostage]] at gunpoint. According to Dee Dee, when Spector took Joey away for a three-hour private meeting |
Early in the sessions, Spector reportedly held the Ramones [[hostage]] at gunpoint. According to Dee Dee, when Spector took Joey away for a three-hour private meeting in his mansion where the album was to be recorded, Dee Dee went looking for them. "The next thing I knew Phil appeared at the top of the staircase, shouting and waving a pistol."<ref name="ramone 132" /> |
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{{ |
{{blockquote|He leveled his gun at my heart and then motioned for me and the rest of the band to get back in the piano room ... He only holstered his pistol when he felt secure that his bodyguards could take over. Then he sat down at his black concert piano and made us listen to him play and sing "[[Baby, I Love You]]" until well after 4:30 in the morning.|Dee Dee Ramone<ref name="ramone 131">Ramone 2000, p. 131.</ref>}} |
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Johnny gave a similar account in a 1986 interview: |
Johnny gave a similar account in a 1986 interview: |
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{{ |
{{blockquote|He always carried three guns around with him...We were prisoners in his house for about six hours, and we thought we were gonna get shot. I said, ‘Let’s go,’ and he pulled out a gun and said, ‘Do you wanna leave?’ I said, ‘No, that’s OK, we’ll stay for awhile.’| Johnny Ramone <ref>{{cite web |last1=McNeil |first1=Legs |first2=John|last2=Holmstrom |title=The Ramones: Our 1986 Cover Story |url=https://www.spin.com/featured/the-ramones-animal-boy-august-1986-interview-were-a-happy-family/ |website=Spin.com |access-date=5 February 2020}}</ref>}} |
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However, in 2008, Marky Ramone gave a different account of the story: |
However, in 2008, Marky Ramone gave a different account of the story: |
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{{ |
{{blockquote|There were no guns pointed at anybody. They [guns] were there but he had a license to carry. He never held us hostage. We could have left at any time.|Marky Ramone<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403|title = Marky Ramone: 'Phil Spector didn't hold a gun to us'|website=NME|date=2 December 2008}}</ref>}} |
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Dee Dee claimed to have left the sessions without recording anything. "We had been working for at least fourteen or fifteen hours a day for thirteen days straight and we still hadn't recorded one note of music,"<ref name="ramone 132" /> he wrote in his autobiography. After supposedly hearing that Johnny had returned to New York, Dee Dee wrote that he and Marky Ramone booked a flight and returned home as well. "To this day, I still have no idea how they made the album ''End of the Century'', or who actually played bass on it."<ref name="ramone 132">Ramone 2000, 132.</ref> Dee Dee's account contradicts much of the band's collective account from the 1982 ''[[Trouser Press]]'' interview, where the band stated that the only track that Johnny, Dee Dee and Marky did not play on was the cover of "Baby, I Love You"; as the band, save for Joey, had gone home after cutting basic tracks for the rest of the album.<ref>"Ramones Autodiscography". ''Trouser Press'', 06-1982.</ref> |
Dee Dee claimed to have left the sessions without recording anything. "We had been working for at least fourteen or fifteen hours a day for thirteen days straight and we still hadn't recorded one note of music,"<ref name="ramone 132" /> he wrote in his autobiography. After supposedly hearing that Johnny had returned to New York, Dee Dee wrote that he and Marky Ramone booked a flight and returned home as well. "To this day, I still have no idea how they made the album ''End of the Century'', or who actually played bass on it."<ref name="ramone 132">Ramone 2000, 132.</ref> Dee Dee's account contradicts much of the band's collective account from the 1982 ''[[Trouser Press]]'' interview, where the band stated that the only track that Johnny, Dee Dee and Marky did not play on was the cover of "Baby, I Love You"; as the band, save for Joey, had gone home after cutting basic tracks for the rest of the album.<ref name="trouserpress">"Ramones Autodiscography". ''Trouser Press'', 06-1982.</ref> Ed Stasium, who was present the entire time except for the mixing, confirmed this in 2014, saying, "it's untrue that Dee Dee didn't play on the album. There's one song that the Ramones did not appear on ... It's no secret—Dee Dee had substance abuse problems. He may have forgotten, but Dee Dee played bass on the record."<ref name="mixonline"/> |
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== Compositions == |
== Compositions == |
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''End of the Century'' was described by the band as an album written solely to gain popularity, resulting in more of a [[ |
''End of the Century'' was described by the band as an album written solely to gain popularity, resulting in more of a [[punk rock]] with pop sensibilities. Joey failed to contribute to the best of his abilities on the album and recalled: "I think that some of the worst crap I ever wrote went on the album. That was me at my worst."<ref name="McMc 363" /> Johnny also felt that the album was far from the band's prime: |
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{{ |
{{blockquote|'' End of the Century'' was just watered-down Ramones. It's not real Ramones. 'Baby, I Love You'—I didn't play on that at all. What am I gonna do—play along with an orchestra? There's no point. ''End of the Century'' was trying to get a hit on each song, instead of trying to get a hit on one or two of the songs on the album and trying to make the rest as raunchy as you can. They ain't gonna play the other ten songs, anyway.<ref name="leigh 201"/>}} |
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The album opens with "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", a [[retro style|throwback]] to the rock music of the 1950s |
The album opens with "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", a [[retro style|throwback]] to the rock music of the 1950s and 1960s. The lyrics name several famous musicians of this era, including [[Jerry Lee Lewis]], John Lennon, and [[T. Rex (band)|T. Rex]], and also cite ''[[The Ed Sullivan Show]]''. Many instruments that were previously rarely—if ever—used in punk rock were featured in the song's score, including the [[saxophone]] and [[electronic organ]]. The lyrics, written by Joey, applied to all the band, Dee Dee explained. They depict his childhood in [[Germany]] where he would secretly listen to rock [[radio stations]] at night.<ref name="true 146"/> |
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Johnny's part is not heard on the next track, "I'm Affected", as reported by Johnny himself.<ref>Ramone 2010, ch. 10.</ref> Joey admitted that he did not favor the song, recalling: "I couldn't believe how awful it sounded. It was horrible."<ref name="McMc 363">McNeil & McCain 2006, p. 336.</ref> "Danny Says", the third track, was a lyrical depiction of what the band constantly went through while touring—[[soundcheck]]s, [[autograph]] sessions, interviews, etc. The title "Danny Says" refers to the band's tour manager [[Danny Fields]] giving the members instructions, schedules, and demands. According to Joey, the ballad was inspired by [[Lou Reed]], who had released the songs "Candy Says" and "Caroline Says".<ref name="true 145" /><ref>Unterberger, p. 247.</ref> Joey's brother [[Mickey Leigh]] called the song a "masterpiece" and said it "remains one of the most captivatingly beautiful songs I've ever heard."<ref name=" |
Johnny's part is not heard on the next track, "I'm Affected", as reported by Johnny himself.<ref>Ramone 2010, ch. 10.</ref> Joey admitted that he did not favor the song, recalling: "I couldn't believe how awful it sounded. It was horrible."<ref name="McMc 363">McNeil & McCain 2006, p. 336.</ref> "Danny Says", the third track, was a lyrical depiction of what the band constantly went through while touring—[[soundcheck]]s, [[autograph]] sessions, interviews, etc. The title "Danny Says" refers to the band's tour manager [[Danny Fields]] giving the members instructions, schedules, and demands. According to Joey, the ballad was inspired by [[Lou Reed]], who had released the songs "Candy Says" and "Caroline Says".<ref name="true 145" /><ref>Unterberger, p. 247.</ref> Joey's brother [[Mickey Leigh]] called the song a "masterpiece" and said it "remains one of the most captivatingly beautiful songs I've ever heard."<ref name="leigh 201">Leigh 2009, p. 201.</ref> |
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Dee Dee wrote the next song, "[[Chinese Rock]]", in 1976, and [[Johnny Thunders]] later revised it. Dee Dee wrote the piece in response to Lou Reed's "[[Heroin (The Velvet Underground song)|Heroin]]", and attempted to concoct better lyrics on the same subject of drug use and [[heroin]] addiction.<ref>McNeil & McCain 2006, p. 214.</ref> After Johnny vetoed the song, it was recorded by |
Dee Dee wrote the next song, "[[Chinese Rock]]", in 1976 (with lyrical help from [[Richard Hell]]), and [[Johnny Thunders]] later revised it. Dee Dee wrote the piece in response to Lou Reed's "[[Heroin (The Velvet Underground song)|Heroin]]", and attempted to concoct better lyrics on the same subject of drug use and [[heroin]] addiction.<ref>McNeil & McCain 2006, p. 214.</ref> After Johnny vetoed the song, it was recorded by Thunders's band [[the Heartbreakers]] before the Ramones, though the bands use slightly different words.<ref name="true 145" /> The lyrics deal with the daily life of a heroin addict, and the term "Chinese Rock" is a euphemism for the drug.<ref name="Ramone 2000 132" /> "The Return of Jackie and Judy" is a continuation to one of the band's earlier songs, "Judy is a Punk", which was released on their debut album ''[[Ramones (album)|Ramones]]''. There were numerous studio guests involved in the album's recording, including producer/musicians, Dan Kessel and David Kessel, and California disc jockey [[Rodney Bingenheimer]].<ref>True 2005, p. 138.</ref> |
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Side B begins with "Baby, I Love You". Johnny constantly claims in his book ''[[Commando (book)|Commando]]'' that he hated the song and the band didn't even play on it, only Joey and some studio musicians. Joey exclaimed that he "hated" the song, despite it obtaining a level of popularity in Europe.<ref name="McMc 363" /> The song is a [[cover version]] of the original by [[ |
Side B begins with "Baby, I Love You". Johnny constantly claims in his book ''[[Commando (book)|Commando]]'' that he hated the song and the band didn't even play on it, only Joey and some studio musicians. Joey exclaimed that he "hated" the song, despite it obtaining a level of popularity in Europe.<ref name="McMc 363" /> The song is a [[cover version]] of the original by [[the Ronettes]], and contained a string section arrangement that Leigh deemed "gooey" and that it "sounded right out of [[Redbone (band)|Redbone's]] '[[Come and Get Your Love]].'" He also confessed that the song "almost made [him] embarrassed."<ref name="leigh 201"/> "Rock 'n' Roll High School" originally appeared on the soundtrack to ''[[Rock 'n' Roll High School]]'', a film directed by [[Allan Arkush]]. The movie depicts a storyline in which the Ramones are obsessed over by female high school student Riff Randell along with other pupils attending the school.<ref>Schinder & Schwartz 2008, p. 552.</ref> The album concludes with "High Risk Insurance", which is a reaction to politics of that era.<ref name=rc/> |
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''End of the Century'' marks the final Ramones album to feature songs officially credited to Joey, Johnny and Dee Dee together. |
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== Critical reception== |
== Critical reception== |
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| rev3 = ''[[Q (magazine)|Q]]'' |
| rev3 = ''[[Q (magazine)|Q]]'' |
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| rev3score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Ramones: End of the Century|magazine=[[Q (magazine)|Q]]|issue=195|date=October 2002|page=132}}</ref> |
| rev3score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Ramones: End of the Century|magazine=[[Q (magazine)|Q]]|issue=195|date=October 2002|page=132}}</ref> |
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| rev4 = ''[[ |
| rev4 = ''[[Record Mirror]]'' |
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| rev4score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref>{{cite book|chapter=The Ramones|last=Wolk|first=Douglas|author-link=Douglas Wolk|title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide|title-link=The Rolling Stone Album Guide|editor1-last=Brackett|editor1-first=Nathan|editor1-link=Nathan Brackett|editor2-last=Hoard|editor2-first=Christian|editor2-link=Christian Hoard|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]|edition=4th|year=2004|isbn=0-7432-0169-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac/page/675 675–76]}}</ref> |
| rev4score = {{rating|3|5}}<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Soave |first=Daniela |title=Ramones: ''End Of The Century'' |date=5 January 1980 |magazine=[[Record Mirror]] |page=15}}</ref> |
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| rev5 = ''[[The Rolling Stone Album Guide]]'' |
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| rev5score = {{Rating|3|5}}<ref>{{cite book|chapter=The Ramones|last=Wolk|first=Douglas|author-link=Douglas Wolk|title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide|title-link=The Rolling Stone Album Guide|editor1-last=Brackett|editor1-first=Nathan|editor1-link=Nathan Brackett|editor2-last=Hoard|editor2-first=Christian|editor2-link=Christian Hoard|publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]|edition=4th|year=2004|isbn=0-7432-0169-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/newrollingstonea00brac/page/675 675–76]}}</ref> |
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| rev6 = ''[[Smash Hits]]'' |
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| rev6score = 7/10<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Albums|magazine=[[Smash Hits]]|volume=2|issue=2|date=January 24 – February 6, 1980|last=Starr|first=Red|page=21}}</ref> |
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| rev7 = ''[[Spin Alternative Record Guide]]'' |
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| rev7score = 3/10<ref>{{cite book|last=Sheffield|first=Rob|author-link=Rob Sheffield|editor1-last=Weisbard|editor1-first=Eric|editor1-link=Eric Weisbard|editor2-last=Marks|editor2-first=Craig|chapter=Ramones|title=Spin Alternative Record Guide|title-link=Spin Alternative Record Guide|publisher=[[Vintage Books]]|year=1995|isbn=978-0-679-75574-6|pages=320–22}}</ref> |
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| rev6score = {{Rating|3.5|5}}<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Ramones: End of the Century|magazine=[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]|issue=65|date=October 2002|page=112}}</ref> |
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| rev8 = ''[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]'' |
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| rev8score = {{Rating|3.5|5}}<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Ramones: End of the Century|magazine=[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]|issue=65|date=October 2002|page=112}}</ref> |
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| rev7score = B+<ref name="rc">{{cite news|url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv3-80.php|title=Christgau's Consumer Guide|newspaper=[[The Village Voice]]|date=March 31, 1980|access-date=November 21, 2018|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau}}</ref> |
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| rev9 = ''[[The Village Voice]]'' |
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| rev9score = B+<ref name="rc">{{cite news|url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv3-80.php|title=Christgau's Consumer Guide|newspaper=[[The Village Voice]]|date=March 31, 1980|access-date=November 21, 2018|last=Christgau|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Christgau}}</ref> |
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The album received generally positive reviews from critics, but not as favorable for many of the band's previous records. [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]], senior editor for AllMusic, noted that the Ramones desired mainstream success much more and were recording music in such a fashion as to expand their fan |
The album received generally positive reviews from critics, but not as favorable for many of the band's previous records. [[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]], senior editor for AllMusic, noted that the Ramones desired mainstream success much more and were recording music in such a fashion as to expand their fan base.<ref name="allmusic" /> Another AllMusic editor, T. Donald Guarisco, noted that the "entire album is pretty controversial in the world of Ramones fandom".<ref name="Guarisco">[{{AllMusic|class=song|id=t2742256|pure_url=yes}} Chinese Rock]. [[AllMusic]]. URL accessed March 13, 2006.</ref> Although he gave the album a "B+" rating, music critic [[Robert Christgau]] nevertheless called the album "[s]ad", and described the band as "tired". He also felt that Spector's production failed to make much of a difference in the band's overall sound, saying "his guitar overdubs are worse than his orchestrations, and they're not uncute."<ref name="rc" /> |
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[[Kurt Loder]], reviewing the album for ''Rolling Stone'', called it "Phil Spector's finest and most mature effort in years", and said that his production created a "rich and vibrant and surging with power" |
[[Kurt Loder]], reviewing the album for ''Rolling Stone'', called it "Phil Spector's finest and most mature effort in years", and said that his production created a setting "rich and vibrant and surging with power". He noted that the Ramones are still "spotlighted", rather than their producer.<ref name="Rolling Stone">[https://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/end-of-the-century-19800320 Rolling Stone Review]</ref> Author [[Richard Williams (journalist)|Richard Williams]] exclaimed that to "old fans the Ramones' version of 'Baby, I Love You' went too far, desecrating the memory of the original despite Joey's evident devotion to the task of emulating Ronnie's lead vocal."<ref name="williams 182" /> Williams also said that "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio" and "Chinese Rock" maintained the principles of the Ramones in their earlier days.<ref name="williams 182">Williams 2003, p. 182.</ref> |
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== Commercial performance== |
== Commercial performance== |
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''End of the Century'' is the Ramones' highest-peaking album on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] (having reached No. 44 during a fourteen-week chart stay),<ref name="allmusic albums" /> as well as their most successful on the [[UK Albums Chart]] and the Swedish chart [[Sverigetopplistan]].<ref name="officialcharts.com" /><ref name="Swcharts" /> The album became the first—and only—Ramones' album to chart on Norway's [[VG-lista]] chart and New Zealand's [[Recorded Music NZ]].<ref name="Norcharts" /><ref name="Nzcharts" /> It was also the band's first album to chart on the Netherlands' [[MegaCharts]], with their 1987 album ''[[Halfway to Sanity]]'' being their only other release to chart there as well.<ref name="Nlcharts" /> |
''End of the Century'' is the Ramones' highest-peaking album on the US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] (having reached No. 44 during a fourteen-week chart stay),<ref name="allmusic albums">{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p5223|pure_url=yes}}|title=The Ramones US albums chart history|publisher=allmusic.com|access-date=2010-12-23}}</ref> as well as their most successful on the [[UK Albums Chart]] and the Swedish chart [[Sverigetopplistan]].<ref name="officialcharts.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artists/ | title=The Official Charts Company – The Ramones| publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]| access-date=2008-12-22}}</ref><ref name="Swcharts">{{cite web|url=http://swedishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=swedishcharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century| publisher=Hung Medien| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> The album became the first—and only—Ramones' album to chart on Norway's [[VG-lista]] chart and New Zealand's [[Recorded Music NZ]].<ref name="Norcharts">{{cite web|url=http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=norwegiancharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century| publisher=Hung Medien| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="Nzcharts">{{cite web|url=https://charts.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=charts.nz – Ramones – End of the Century| publisher=Hung Medien| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> It was also the band's first album to chart on the Netherlands' [[MegaCharts]], with their 1987 album ''[[Halfway to Sanity]]'' being their only other release to chart there as well.<ref name="Nlcharts">{{cite web|url=http://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=dutchcharts.nl – Ramones – End of the Century | publisher=Hung Medien|language=nl| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> |
||
Two [[single (music)|singles]] were spawned from ''End of the Century'': "Baby, I Love You" and "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", released respectively.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Flick|first=Larry|title=Teen Pop|journal=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=2001-12-29|volume=113|issue=52|pages=22–24}}</ref> The first single charted on Belgium's [[Ultratop]] chart as well as reaching number 8 in the UK.<ref name="officialcharts.com" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/artist/Ramones| title=ultratop.be – Ramones| publisher=© 2006–2013 ULTRATOP & Hung Medien / hitparade.ch.| access-date=2013-02-13}}</ref> "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?" also charted in Europe, peaking and debuting at 54 on the [[UK Singles Chart]].<ref name="officialcharts.com" /> |
Two [[single (music)|singles]] were spawned from ''End of the Century'': "Baby, I Love You" and "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", released respectively.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Flick|first=Larry|title=Teen Pop|journal=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=2001-12-29|volume=113|issue=52|pages=22–24}}</ref> The first single charted on Belgium's [[Ultratop]] chart as well as reaching number 8 in the UK.<ref name="officialcharts.com" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/artist/Ramones| title=ultratop.be – Ramones| publisher=© 2006–2013 ULTRATOP & Hung Medien / hitparade.ch.| access-date=2013-02-13}}</ref> "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?" also charted in Europe, peaking and debuting at 54 on the [[UK Singles Chart]].<ref name="officialcharts.com" /> |
||
== Track listing == |
== Track listing == |
||
All tracks originally credited to the Ramones (except "Baby, I Love You"). Actual writers are listed alongside the tracks where applicable. |
|||
{{Track listing |
{{Track listing |
||
| all_writing = |
| all_writing = |
||
| headline = Side one |
| headline = Side one |
||
| title1 = [[Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?]] |
| title1 = [[Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?]] |
||
| writer1 = [[Joey Ramone]]<ref name="bessman 114">Bessman 1993, p. 114.</ref><ref name="true 146">True 2005, p. 146.</ref> |
|||
| length1 = 3:50 |
| length1 = 3:50 |
||
| title2 = I'm Affected |
| title2 = I'm Affected |
||
| writer2 = Joey Ramone <ref name="bessman 114"/><ref name="true 144">True 2005, p. 144.</ref> |
|||
| length2 = 2:51 |
| length2 = 2:51 |
||
| title3 = [[Danny Says]] |
| title3 = [[Danny Says]] |
||
| writer3 = Joey Ramone <ref name="bessman 114"/><ref name="true 144"/> |
|||
| length3 = 3:06 |
| length3 = 3:06 |
||
| title4 = [[Chinese Rock (song)|Chinese Rock]] |
| title4 = [[Chinese Rock (song)|Chinese Rock]] |
||
| writer4 = [[Dee Dee Ramone]], [[Richard Hell]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/chinese_rocks_members_of_mc5_blondie_and_replacements_pay_tribute_to_the_he|title='Chinese Rocks': Members of MC5, Blondie, and Replacements pay tribute to the Heartbreakers |website=dangerousminds.net|date=November 21, 2017|access-date=May 17, 2022|last=Kretsch|first=Ron}}</ref> |
|||
| writer4 = [[Dee Dee Ramone]], [[Richard Hell]] |
|||
| length4 = 2:28 |
| length4 = 2:28 |
||
| title5 = The Return of Jackie and Judy |
| title5 = The Return of Jackie and Judy |
||
| writer5 = |
|||
| length5 = 3:12 |
| length5 = 3:12 |
||
| title6 = Let's Go |
| title6 = Let's Go |
||
| writer6 = Dee Dee Ramone, [[Johnny Ramone]]<ref name="bessman 114"/><ref name="true 145">True 2005, p. 145.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://cavehollywood.com/cave-hollywoods-david-kessel-shares-this-about-the-ramones/|title=Cave Hollywood's David Kessel shares this about The Ramones|website=Cave Hollywood|date=September 6, 2016|access-date=May 17, 2022|last=Kessel|first=David}}</ref><ref name="austinchronicle">{{cite web|url=https://www.austinchronicle.com/music/2002-09-06/101761/|title=Too Tough To Die Ramones Reissues Part II: Johnny & Dee Dee|website=[[The Austin Chronicle]]|date=September 6, 2002|access-date=May 17, 2022|last=Hernandez|first=Raoul}}</ref> |
|||
| writer6 = [[Dee Dee Ramone]], [[Joey Ramone]], [[Johnny Ramone]], [[Tommy Ramone]] |
|||
| length6 = 2:31 |
| length6 = 2:31 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
| Line 122: | Line 134: | ||
| length7 = 3:47 |
| length7 = 3:47 |
||
| title8 = I Can't Make It on Time |
| title8 = I Can't Make It on Time |
||
| writer8 = Joey Ramone <ref name=" leigh 204">Leigh 2009, p. 204.</ref> |
|||
| length8 = 2:32 |
| length8 = 2:32 |
||
| title9 = This Ain't Havana |
| title9 = This Ain't Havana |
||
| writer9 = Dee Dee Ramone, Johnny Ramone <ref name="bessman 114"/><ref name="austinchronicle"/> |
|||
| length9 = 2:18 |
| length9 = 2:18 |
||
| title10 = [[Rock 'n' Roll High School (song)|Rock 'n' Roll High School]] |
| title10 = [[Rock 'n' Roll High School (song)|Rock 'n' Roll High School]] |
||
| writer10 = Joey Ramone <ref name="bessman 114"/><ref name=" leigh 204"/> |
|||
| writer10 = [[Joey Ramone]], Dee Dee Ramone<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ramone|first=Marky|title=Punk Rock Blitzkrieg: My Life As a Ramone|last2=Herschlag|first2=Richard|publisher=[[Atria Publishing Group]]|year=2015|isbn=978-1451687781|location=}}</ref> |
|||
| length10 = 2:38 |
| length10 = 2:38 |
||
| title11 = All the Way |
| title11 = All the Way |
||
| writer11 = |
|||
| length11 = 2:29 |
| length11 = 2:29 |
||
| title12 = High Risk Insurance |
| title12 = High Risk Insurance |
||
| writer12 = Dee Dee Ramone <ref name="trouserpress"/> |
|||
| length12 = 2:08 |
| length12 = 2:08 |
||
| total_length = 34:14 |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
{{Track listing |
{{Track listing |
||
| Line 137: | Line 154: | ||
| title13 = I Want You Around |
| title13 = I Want You Around |
||
| note13 = soundtrack version |
| note13 = soundtrack version |
||
| writer13 = |
|||
| length13 = 3:05 |
| length13 = 3:05 |
||
| title14 = |
| title14 = Danny Says |
||
| note14 = |
| note14 = demo |
||
| writer14 = Joey Ramone |
|||
| length14 = 2:19 |
| length14 = 2:19 |
||
| title15 = I'm Affected |
| title15 = I'm Affected |
||
| note15 = |
| note15 = demo |
||
| writer15 = Joey Ramone |
|||
| length15 = 2:47 |
| length15 = 2:47 |
||
| title16 = Please Don't Leave |
| title16 = Please Don't Leave |
||
| note16 = |
| note16 = demo |
||
| length16 = 2:22 |
| length16 = 2:22 |
||
| title17 = All the Way |
| title17 = All the Way |
||
| note17 = |
| note17 = demo |
||
| length17 = 2:31 |
| length17 = 2:31 |
||
| title18 = |
| title18 = Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio? |
||
| note18 = |
| note18 = demo |
||
| writer18 = Joey Ramone |
|||
| length18 = 3:43 |
| length18 = 3:43 |
||
| title19 = End of the Century Radio Promo |
| title19 = End of the Century Radio Promo |
||
| length19 = 0:59 |
| length19 = 0:59 |
||
| total_length = 52:12 |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
;Notes |
|||
*Track 13: first issued on the ''[[Rock 'n' Roll High School]]'' soundtrack, May 1979. Recorded at [[Cherokee Studios]], Los Angeles. |
|||
*Tracks 14–18: previously unissued. Recorded at Sire Studio, New York City, April 19, 1979. |
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== Personnel == |
== Personnel == |
||
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes,<ref>Kubernik 2002, p. 18</ref> except where noted. |
|||
'''Ramones''' |
'''Ramones''' |
||
* [[Joey Ramone]] – lead vocals |
* [[Joey Ramone]] – lead vocals |
||
| Line 164: | Line 191: | ||
* [[Marky Ramone]] – drums |
* [[Marky Ramone]] – drums |
||
'''Additional musicians''' |
'''Additional musicians''' |
||
* [[Ed Stasium]] – guitar,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://recordstoreday.com/NewsItem/10143|title=HEY! HO! LET'S GO talk about Ramones with Jon and Ed|website=recordstoreday.com|date=2022|access-date=May 17, 2022|last=Wurster|first=Jon}}</ref> backing vocals<ref name="mixonline"/> |
|||
* Dan Kessel – guitar |
* Dan Kessel – guitar |
||
* David Kessel – guitar |
* David Kessel – guitar |
||
* [[Barry Goldberg]] – piano, organ |
* [[Barry Goldberg]] – piano, organ |
||
* [[Steve Douglas (saxophonist)|Steve Douglas]] – saxophone |
* [[Steve Douglas (saxophonist)|Steve Douglas]] – saxophone |
||
* [[Harvey Kubernik]] – percussion<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cavehollywood.com/the-ramones-new-deluxe-its-alive-out-in-september/|title=The Ramones: New Deluxe It’s Alive Out In September|website=Cave Hollywood|date=August 19, 2019|access-date=May 17, 2022|last=Kubernik|first=Harvey}}</ref> |
|||
* [[Jim Keltner]] – drums |
|||
* [[Jim Keltner]] – drums (7)<ref>Ramone & Herschlag 2015, p. 202.</ref> |
|||
* [[Rodney Bingenheimer]], Maria Montoya, Harvey Kubernik, Jeff Morrison, Phast Phreddie – handclaps (1, 5) |
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* Sean Donahue – disc jockey (1) |
|||
''' |
'''Technical''' |
||
* [[Phil Spector]] – producer |
* [[Phil Spector]] – producer, remix (13) |
||
* |
* Ed Stasium – musical director,<ref>Kubernik 2002, p. 8</ref> producer (13–18), engineer (13) |
||
* [[Larry Levine]] – engineer<ref>Kubernik 2002, p. 4</ref> |
* [[Larry Levine]] – engineer<ref>Kubernik 2002, p. 4</ref> |
||
* Boris Menart – engineer<ref>Kubernik 2002, p. 13</ref> |
* Boris Menart – engineer<ref>Kubernik 2002, p. 13</ref> |
||
* Bruce Gold – assistant engineer |
|||
* Joel Soifer – remix engineer (13) |
|||
* Phil Brown – mastering |
|||
* [[Mick Rock]] – photography |
|||
* John Gillespie – art direction |
|||
* Spencer Drate – album design |
|||
== Charts == |
== Charts == |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |
|||
=== Weekly === |
|||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! |
! Chart (1980) |
||
! |
! Peak<br/>position |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
! scope="row"| Australian Albums ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref name=aus>{{cite book|last=Kent|first=David|author-link=David Kent (historian)|title=Australian Chart Book 1970–1992|edition=illustrated|publisher=Australian Chart Book|location=St Ives, N.S.W.|year=1993|isbn=0-646-11917-6}}</ref> |
||
| |
| align="center"| 53 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
{{Album chart|Canada|41|chartid=0149a|artist=Ramones|album= End of the Century|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
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|[[RPM (magazine)|Canadian Albums Chart]]<ref name="Cacharts">{{cite web|url=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-100.01-e.php| title=Search – RPM – Library and Archives Canada| publisher=collectionscanada.gc.ca| access-date=2013-02-13}}</ref> |
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| style="text-align:center;"|41 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
{{Album chart|Netherlands|27|artist=Ramones|album= End of the Century|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
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|[[MegaCharts|Netherlands Albums Chart]]<ref name="Nlcharts">{{cite web|url=http://dutchcharts.nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=dutchcharts.nl – Ramones – End of the Century | publisher=Hung Medien|language=nl| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align:center;"|27 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"| Finnish Albums ([[The Official Finnish Charts]])<ref name=FINI>{{cite book|last=Pennanen|first=Timo|title=Sisältää hitin – levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972|edition=1st|publisher=Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava|location=Helsinki|year=2006|isbn=978-951-1-21053-5 | language= fi}}</ref> |
|||
|[[VG-lista|Norwegian Albums Chart]]<ref name="Norcharts">{{cite web|url=http://norwegiancharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=norwegiancharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century| publisher=Hung Medien| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> |
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| |
| align="center"| 14 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! scope="row"|Italian Albums (''[[Musica e Dischi]]'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.musicaedischi.it/classifiche_archivio.php|title=Classifiche|work=[[Musica e Dischi]]|language=it|access-date=28 June 2023}} Set "Tipo" on "Album". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Ramones".</ref> |
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|[[Recorded Music NZ|New Zealand Albums Chart]]<ref name="Nzcharts">{{cite web|url=https://charts.nz/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=charts.nz – Ramones – End of the Century| publisher=Hung Medien| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> |
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| |
| align="center"| 21 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
{{Album chart|New Zealand|48|artist=Ramones|album= End of the Century|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
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|[[Sverigetopplistan|Swedish Albums Chart]]<ref name="Swcharts">{{cite web|url=http://swedishcharts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Ramones&titel=End+Of+The+Century&cat=a| title=swedishcharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century| publisher=Hung Medien| access-date=20 February 2014}}</ref> |
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| style="text-align:center;"|10 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
{{Album chart|Norway|36|artist=Ramones|album= End of the Century|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
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|[[UK Albums Chart]]<ref name="officialcharts.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.officialcharts.com/artists/ | title=The Official Charts Company – The Ramones| publisher=[[Official Charts Company]]| access-date=2008-12-22}}</ref> |
|||
| style="text-align:center;"|14 |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
{{Album chart|Sweden|10|artist=Ramones|album= End of the Century|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
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|US [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]]<ref name="allmusic albums">{{cite web|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p5223|pure_url=yes}}|title=The Ramones US albums chart history|publisher=allmusic.com|access-date=2010-12-23}}</ref> |
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|- |
|||
| style="text-align:center;"|44 |
|||
{{Album chart|UK2|14|date=19800210|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
|||
|- |
|||
{{Album chart|Billboard200|44|artist=Ramones|rowheader=true|accessdate=28 June 2023}} |
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|} |
|} |
||
==Certifications== |
|||
{{Certification Table Top|caption=Sales certifications for ''End of the Century''}} |
|||
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Argentina|award=Gold|certref=<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=oasis&album=&LanDesde_MM=0&LanDesde_AA=0&LanHasta_MM=0&LanHasta_AA=0&Galardon=O&Tipo=0&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP | archive-url = https://archive.today/20110531185022/http://www.capif.org.ar/Default.asp?PerDesde_MM=0&PerDesde_AA=0&PerHasta_MM=0&PerHasta_AA=0&interprete=oasis&album=&LanDesde_MM=0&LanDesde_AA=0&LanHasta_MM=0&LanHasta_AA=0&Galardon=O&Tipo=0&ACCION2=+Buscar+&ACCION=Buscar&CO=5&CODOP=ESOP | publisher = [[Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas]] | language = es | access-date = 16 July 2012 | title = Disco de Oro y Platino – Ramones| archive-date = 31 May 2011}}</ref>|type=album|relyear=1980|artist=Ramones|title=End of the Century}} |
|||
{{Certification Table Bottom|nosales=true}} |
|||
== Notes == |
|||
{{Reflist|group=n}} |
|||
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} |
|||
== References == |
== References == |
||
| Line 216: | Line 259: | ||
*{{Cite AV media notes |last =Kubernik |first =Harvey |title =End of the Century (Expanded Edition) |others =Ramones |year =2002 |type=booklet}} |
*{{Cite AV media notes |last =Kubernik |first =Harvey |title =End of the Century (Expanded Edition) |others =Ramones |year =2002 |type=booklet}} |
||
* {{cite book |last =McNeil|first =Legs |last2 =McCain |first2 =Gillian |author1-link=Legs McNeil |title = Please Kill Me: The Uncensored Oral History of Punk |url =https://archive.org/details/pleasekillmeunce00mcne|url-access =registration|publisher = [[Grove Press]] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-8021-4264-1}} |
* {{cite book |last =McNeil|first =Legs |last2 =McCain |first2 =Gillian |author1-link=Legs McNeil |title = Please Kill Me: The Uncensored Oral History of Punk |url =https://archive.org/details/pleasekillmeunce00mcne|url-access =registration|publisher = [[Grove Press]] |year=2006|isbn=978-0-8021-4264-1}} |
||
* {{cite book |last = Leigh |first = Mickey |title = I Slept with Joey Ramone: A Family Memoir |publisher = [[Simon & Schuster|Touchstone Books]] |year = |
* {{cite book |last = Leigh |first = Mickey |title = I Slept with Joey Ramone: A Family Memoir |publisher = [[Simon & Schuster|Touchstone Books]] |year = 2009|isbn = 978-0-7432-5216-4 |url = https://archive.org/details/isleptwithjoeyra00leig }} |
||
* {{cite book|last=Porter|first=Dick|title=Ramones: The Complete Twisted History|year=2004|publisher=[[Information Today, Inc.|Plexus Publishing]]|isbn=978-0-85965-326-8}} |
* {{cite book|last=Porter|first=Dick|title=Ramones: The Complete Twisted History|year=2004|publisher=[[Information Today, Inc.|Plexus Publishing]]|isbn=978-0-85965-326-8}} |
||
* {{cite book|title=Lobotomy: Surviving the Ramones|year=2000|publisher=[[Perseus Books Group|Thunder's Mouth Press]]|location=New York City|isbn=978-1-56025-252-8|author1=Ramone, Dee Dee |author2=Kofman, Veronica |edition=2nd}} |
* {{cite book|title=Lobotomy: Surviving the Ramones|year=2000|publisher=[[Perseus Books Group|Thunder's Mouth Press]]|location=New York City|isbn=978-1-56025-252-8|author1=Ramone, Dee Dee |author2=Kofman, Veronica |edition=2nd}} |
||
| Line 224: | Line 267: | ||
* {{cite book|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|title=White Light/White Heat: The Velvet Underground Day by Day|year=2009|publisher=Jawbone Press|isbn=978-1-906002-22-0}} |
* {{cite book|last=Unterberger|first=Richie|title=White Light/White Heat: The Velvet Underground Day by Day|year=2009|publisher=Jawbone Press|isbn=978-1-906002-22-0}} |
||
* {{cite book|last=Williams|first=Richard|title=Phil Spector: Out Of His Head|year=2003|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-7119-9864-3|author-link=Richard Williams (journalist)}} |
* {{cite book|last=Williams|first=Richard|title=Phil Spector: Out Of His Head|year=2003|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-7119-9864-3|author-link=Richard Williams (journalist)}} |
||
* {{cite book|last=Bessman|first=Jim|author-link=Jim Bessman|title=The Ramones: An American Band|year=1993|publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]|isbn=0-312-09369-1}} |
|||
* {{Cite book|last=Ramone|first=Marky|title=Punk Rock Blitzkrieg: My Life As a Ramone|last2=Herschlag|first2=Richard|publisher=[[Atria Publishing Group]]|year=2015|isbn=978-1451687781|location=}} |
|||
{{Ramones}} |
{{Ramones}} |
||
Revision as of 22:23, 26 June 2024
| End of the Century | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||
| Studio album by the Ramones | ||||
| Released | February 4, 1980 | |||
| Recorded | May 1979 | |||
| Studio | Gold Star, Excalibur, Devonshire Sound, Salty Dog, Original Sound and Scream[1] (Los Angeles) | |||
| Genre | ||||
| Length | 34:14 | |||
| Label | Sire | |||
| Producer | Phil Spector | |||
| Ramones chronology | ||||
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End of the Century is the fifth studio album by the American punk rock band Ramones, released on February 4, 1980, through Sire Records. The album was the band's first to be produced by Phil Spector, though he had offered the band his assistance earlier in their career. With Spector fully producing the album, it was the first release that excluded original member Tommy Ramone, who had left the band in 1978 but had produced their previous album Road to Ruin. Spector used more advanced standards of engineering, such as high-quality overdubbing and echo chambers. These painstaking methods caused conflict between the band and Spector since the Ramones were accustomed to a quicker recording process. Spector emphasized the production value as well, working with a budget of around $200,000, far exceeding their earlier album sessions.
The songs on End of the Century were written primarily to expand the band's fan base, straying from the band's original punk genre and steering toward a more pop oriented sound. The lyrics on the album deal with various topics, ranging from drug addictions to the band's lifestyle while touring. The album also features a cover of the Ronettes' song "Baby, I Love You", as well as successors to the previous Ramones songs "Judy Is a Punk" and "Havana Affair".
It received generally positive reviews from critics, though many reviewers were less favorable than they had been to the band's previous releases, due to Spector's production quality and the band's desire for mainstream success starting to show in their music. Despite this, the album is the highest-charting Ramones album of all time, reaching number 44 on the US Billboard 200 chart, and number 14 on the UK Albums Chart. End of the Century spawned the singles "Baby, I Love You" and "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", both of which charted in Europe.
Recording and production
In February 1977 after attending a Ramones concert in Los Angeles, music producer Phil Spector offered to assist in making Rocket to Russia. The band declined his offer, feeling as though the album would not be the same without Tommy Ramone and Tony Bongiovi producing the album.[2][3] While the band refused his initial offer, their management later asked Spector to help with the album because of their lack of popularity and sales. End of the Century would be the first album released without former drummer and producer Tommy.[4] Spector had become famous through his work with the Ronettes, the Righteous Brothers, Ike and Tina Turner, the Beatles and John Lennon, among others. With these releases, Spector defined what would become known as the "Wall of Sound", which is a dense, layered, and reverberant sound that came across well on AM radio and jukeboxes. These standards are created through instruments performing identical parts in unison, using high-quality overdubbing and echo chambers to aid in the production value.[4][5] The producer was convinced that the Ramones had talent with lyrics and musical structure, so he intended to promote the band through more advanced methods of sound output.[4]
Recording sessions for the album began on May 1, 1979 at Gold Star Studios in Hollywood, Los Angeles. Gold Star Studios had become famous through its history with artists like Eddie Cochran and the Beach Boys.[2] At the Ramones' request,[6] Ed Stasium joined the band in Los Angeles, serving as 'musical director', playing additional guitar parts and singing backing vocals, but not engineering.[1] During the studio work, Spector's recording methods were different from those the Ramones were accustomed to from their four previous studio albums. The band recorded their earlier compositions in the shortest time possible for the lowest feasible budget, with a relatively low production value. With End of the Century, which took nearly six months to mix,[7] the band experienced Spector's infamous perfectionism, and a budget of $200,000 to fully record and produce the album.[8] This is significant because the band's debut album cost $6,400 total, and their second album cost $10,000.[9][10] End of the Century is the most expensive album in the Ramones' career.[11]
Conflict
This method of recording caused conflicts to arise. Bassist Dee Dee Ramone wrote of Spector's obsessive techniques: "Phil would sit in the control room and would listen through the headphones to Marky hit one note on the drum, hour after hour, after hour, after hour."[12] During the recording of "Rock 'n' Roll High School", Johnny was forced by Spector to repeat his part hundreds of times for several hours. Sire Records owner Seymour Stein relates: "To Johnny, this must have been like the Chinese water torture."[13] "I understood [Spector's] attitude," said Marky. "He was from The Bronx, I was from Brooklyn. We got along very well and had a nice rapport... But he had his way of working that was very slow, and the Ramones had their way of working which was very fast. So that would sometimes irk everybody, and led to animosity with Johnny and Dee Dee."[14]
Early in the sessions, Spector reportedly held the Ramones hostage at gunpoint. According to Dee Dee, when Spector took Joey away for a three-hour private meeting in his mansion where the album was to be recorded, Dee Dee went looking for them. "The next thing I knew Phil appeared at the top of the staircase, shouting and waving a pistol."[15]
He leveled his gun at my heart and then motioned for me and the rest of the band to get back in the piano room ... He only holstered his pistol when he felt secure that his bodyguards could take over. Then he sat down at his black concert piano and made us listen to him play and sing "Baby, I Love You" until well after 4:30 in the morning.
— Dee Dee Ramone[16]
Johnny gave a similar account in a 1986 interview:
He always carried three guns around with him...We were prisoners in his house for about six hours, and we thought we were gonna get shot. I said, ‘Let’s go,’ and he pulled out a gun and said, ‘Do you wanna leave?’ I said, ‘No, that’s OK, we’ll stay for awhile.’
— Johnny Ramone [17]
However, in 2008, Marky Ramone gave a different account of the story:
There were no guns pointed at anybody. They [guns] were there but he had a license to carry. He never held us hostage. We could have left at any time.
— Marky Ramone[18]
Dee Dee claimed to have left the sessions without recording anything. "We had been working for at least fourteen or fifteen hours a day for thirteen days straight and we still hadn't recorded one note of music,"[15] he wrote in his autobiography. After supposedly hearing that Johnny had returned to New York, Dee Dee wrote that he and Marky Ramone booked a flight and returned home as well. "To this day, I still have no idea how they made the album End of the Century, or who actually played bass on it."[15] Dee Dee's account contradicts much of the band's collective account from the 1982 Trouser Press interview, where the band stated that the only track that Johnny, Dee Dee and Marky did not play on was the cover of "Baby, I Love You"; as the band, save for Joey, had gone home after cutting basic tracks for the rest of the album.[19] Ed Stasium, who was present the entire time except for the mixing, confirmed this in 2014, saying, "it's untrue that Dee Dee didn't play on the album. There's one song that the Ramones did not appear on ... It's no secret—Dee Dee had substance abuse problems. He may have forgotten, but Dee Dee played bass on the record."[1]
Compositions
End of the Century was described by the band as an album written solely to gain popularity, resulting in more of a punk rock with pop sensibilities. Joey failed to contribute to the best of his abilities on the album and recalled: "I think that some of the worst crap I ever wrote went on the album. That was me at my worst."[20] Johnny also felt that the album was far from the band's prime:
End of the Century was just watered-down Ramones. It's not real Ramones. 'Baby, I Love You'—I didn't play on that at all. What am I gonna do—play along with an orchestra? There's no point. End of the Century was trying to get a hit on each song, instead of trying to get a hit on one or two of the songs on the album and trying to make the rest as raunchy as you can. They ain't gonna play the other ten songs, anyway.[21]
The album opens with "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", a throwback to the rock music of the 1950s and 1960s. The lyrics name several famous musicians of this era, including Jerry Lee Lewis, John Lennon, and T. Rex, and also cite The Ed Sullivan Show. Many instruments that were previously rarely—if ever—used in punk rock were featured in the song's score, including the saxophone and electronic organ. The lyrics, written by Joey, applied to all the band, Dee Dee explained. They depict his childhood in Germany where he would secretly listen to rock radio stations at night.[22]
Johnny's part is not heard on the next track, "I'm Affected", as reported by Johnny himself.[23] Joey admitted that he did not favor the song, recalling: "I couldn't believe how awful it sounded. It was horrible."[20] "Danny Says", the third track, was a lyrical depiction of what the band constantly went through while touring—soundchecks, autograph sessions, interviews, etc. The title "Danny Says" refers to the band's tour manager Danny Fields giving the members instructions, schedules, and demands. According to Joey, the ballad was inspired by Lou Reed, who had released the songs "Candy Says" and "Caroline Says".[8][24] Joey's brother Mickey Leigh called the song a "masterpiece" and said it "remains one of the most captivatingly beautiful songs I've ever heard."[21]
Dee Dee wrote the next song, "Chinese Rock", in 1976 (with lyrical help from Richard Hell), and Johnny Thunders later revised it. Dee Dee wrote the piece in response to Lou Reed's "Heroin", and attempted to concoct better lyrics on the same subject of drug use and heroin addiction.[25] After Johnny vetoed the song, it was recorded by Thunders's band the Heartbreakers before the Ramones, though the bands use slightly different words.[8] The lyrics deal with the daily life of a heroin addict, and the term "Chinese Rock" is a euphemism for the drug.[12] "The Return of Jackie and Judy" is a continuation to one of the band's earlier songs, "Judy is a Punk", which was released on their debut album Ramones. There were numerous studio guests involved in the album's recording, including producer/musicians, Dan Kessel and David Kessel, and California disc jockey Rodney Bingenheimer.[26]
Side B begins with "Baby, I Love You". Johnny constantly claims in his book Commando that he hated the song and the band didn't even play on it, only Joey and some studio musicians. Joey exclaimed that he "hated" the song, despite it obtaining a level of popularity in Europe.[20] The song is a cover version of the original by the Ronettes, and contained a string section arrangement that Leigh deemed "gooey" and that it "sounded right out of Redbone's 'Come and Get Your Love.'" He also confessed that the song "almost made [him] embarrassed."[21] "Rock 'n' Roll High School" originally appeared on the soundtrack to Rock 'n' Roll High School, a film directed by Allan Arkush. The movie depicts a storyline in which the Ramones are obsessed over by female high school student Riff Randell along with other pupils attending the school.[27] The album concludes with "High Risk Insurance", which is a reaction to politics of that era.[28]
End of the Century marks the final Ramones album to feature songs officially credited to Joey, Johnny and Dee Dee together.
Critical reception
| Review scores | |
|---|---|
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |   [29] |
| Pitchfork | 6.4/10[30] |
| Q | [31] |
| Record Mirror | [32] |
| The Rolling Stone Album Guide | [33] |
| Smash Hits | 7/10[34] |
| Spin Alternative Record Guide | 3/10[35] |
| Uncut |  [36] |
| The Village Voice | B+[28] |
The album received generally positive reviews from critics, but not as favorable for many of the band's previous records. Stephen Thomas Erlewine, senior editor for AllMusic, noted that the Ramones desired mainstream success much more and were recording music in such a fashion as to expand their fan base.[29] Another AllMusic editor, T. Donald Guarisco, noted that the "entire album is pretty controversial in the world of Ramones fandom".[37] Although he gave the album a "B+" rating, music critic Robert Christgau nevertheless called the album "[s]ad", and described the band as "tired". He also felt that Spector's production failed to make much of a difference in the band's overall sound, saying "his guitar overdubs are worse than his orchestrations, and they're not uncute."[28]
Kurt Loder, reviewing the album for Rolling Stone, called it "Phil Spector's finest and most mature effort in years", and said that his production created a setting "rich and vibrant and surging with power". He noted that the Ramones are still "spotlighted", rather than their producer.[38] Author Richard Williams exclaimed that to "old fans the Ramones' version of 'Baby, I Love You' went too far, desecrating the memory of the original despite Joey's evident devotion to the task of emulating Ronnie's lead vocal."[39] Williams also said that "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio" and "Chinese Rock" maintained the principles of the Ramones in their earlier days.[39]
Commercial performance
End of the Century is the Ramones' highest-peaking album on the US Billboard 200 (having reached No. 44 during a fourteen-week chart stay),[40] as well as their most successful on the UK Albums Chart and the Swedish chart Sverigetopplistan.[41][42] The album became the first—and only—Ramones' album to chart on Norway's VG-lista chart and New Zealand's Recorded Music NZ.[43][44] It was also the band's first album to chart on the Netherlands' MegaCharts, with their 1987 album Halfway to Sanity being their only other release to chart there as well.[45]
Two singles were spawned from End of the Century: "Baby, I Love You" and "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?", released respectively.[46] The first single charted on Belgium's Ultratop chart as well as reaching number 8 in the UK.[41][47] "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?" also charted in Europe, peaking and debuting at 54 on the UK Singles Chart.[41]
Track listing
All tracks originally credited to the Ramones (except "Baby, I Love You"). Actual writers are listed alongside the tracks where applicable.
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?" | Joey Ramone[48][22] | 3:50 |
| 2. | "I'm Affected" | Joey Ramone [48][49] | 2:51 |
| 3. | "Danny Says" | Joey Ramone [48][49] | 3:06 |
| 4. | "Chinese Rock" | Dee Dee Ramone, Richard Hell[50] | 2:28 |
| 5. | "The Return of Jackie and Judy" | 3:12 | |
| 6. | "Let's Go" | Dee Dee Ramone, Johnny Ramone[48][8][51][52] | 2:31 |
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7. | "Baby, I Love You" (The Ronettes cover) | Phil Spector, Jeff Barry, Ellie Greenwich | 3:47 |
| 8. | "I Can't Make It on Time" | Joey Ramone [53] | 2:32 |
| 9. | "This Ain't Havana" | Dee Dee Ramone, Johnny Ramone [48][52] | 2:18 |
| 10. | "Rock 'n' Roll High School" | Joey Ramone [48][53] | 2:38 |
| 11. | "All the Way" | 2:29 | |
| 12. | "High Risk Insurance" | Dee Dee Ramone [19] | 2:08 |
| Total length: | 34:14 | ||
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13. | "I Want You Around" (soundtrack version) | 3:05 | |
| 14. | "Danny Says" (demo) | Joey Ramone | 2:19 |
| 15. | "I'm Affected" (demo) | Joey Ramone | 2:47 |
| 16. | "Please Don't Leave" (demo) | 2:22 | |
| 17. | "All the Way" (demo) | 2:31 | |
| 18. | "Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?" (demo) | Joey Ramone | 3:43 |
| 19. | "End of the Century Radio Promo" | 0:59 | |
| Total length: | 52:12 | ||
- Notes
- Track 13: first issued on the Rock 'n' Roll High School soundtrack, May 1979. Recorded at Cherokee Studios, Los Angeles.
- Tracks 14–18: previously unissued. Recorded at Sire Studio, New York City, April 19, 1979.
Personnel
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes,[54] except where noted.
Ramones
- Joey Ramone – lead vocals
- Johnny Ramone – guitar
- Dee Dee Ramone – bass, backing vocals
- Marky Ramone – drums
Additional musicians
- Ed Stasium – guitar,[55] backing vocals[1]
- Dan Kessel – guitar
- David Kessel – guitar
- Barry Goldberg – piano, organ
- Steve Douglas – saxophone
- Harvey Kubernik – percussion[56]
- Jim Keltner – drums (7)[57]
- Rodney Bingenheimer, Maria Montoya, Harvey Kubernik, Jeff Morrison, Phast Phreddie – handclaps (1, 5)
- Sean Donahue – disc jockey (1)
Technical
- Phil Spector – producer, remix (13)
- Ed Stasium – musical director,[58] producer (13–18), engineer (13)
- Larry Levine – engineer[59]
- Boris Menart – engineer[60]
- Bruce Gold – assistant engineer
- Joel Soifer – remix engineer (13)
- Phil Brown – mastering
- Mick Rock – photography
- John Gillespie – art direction
- Spencer Drate – album design
Charts
| Chart (1980) | Peak position |
|---|---|
| Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[61] | 53 |
| Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[62] | 41 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100)[63] | 27 |
| Finnish Albums (The Official Finnish Charts)[64] | 14 |
| Italian Albums (Musica e Dischi)[65] | 21 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[66] | 48 |
| Norwegian Albums (VG-lista)[67] | 36 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[68] | 10 |
| UK Albums (OCC)[69] | 14 |
| US Billboard 200[70] | 44 |
Certifications
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
|---|---|---|
| Argentina (CAPIF)[71] | Gold | 30,000^ |
|
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone. | ||
Notes
References
- ^ a b c d Schultz, Barbara (December 5, 2014). "Classic Tracks: "Rock 'n' Roll High School," The Ramones". Mix. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- ^ a b True 2005, p. 136.
- ^ Ramone 2012, ch. 3.
- ^ a b c Ramone 2012, ch. 5.
- ^ Ribowsky, Mark. He's a Rebel. Cambridge, MA: Perseus, 2007.
- ^ Fricke, David (May 2011). "Hit or Bust". Mojo: 78.
- ^ True 2005, p. 149.
- ^ a b c d True 2005, p. 145.
- ^ Leigh 2009, p. 128.
- ^ Porter 2004, p. 75.
- ^ Porter 2004, p. 104.
- ^ a b Ramone 2000, p. 132.
- ^ Jim Fields (director) Michael Gramaglia (director) (2003-01-19). End of the Century: The Story of the Ramones (DVD). United States: Rhino Records/Sire Records.
- ^ Fortnam, Ian: "Heavy load"; Classic Rock #216, November 2015, p138
- ^ a b c Ramone 2000, 132.
- ^ Ramone 2000, p. 131.
- ^ McNeil, Legs; Holmstrom, John. "The Ramones: Our 1986 Cover Story". Spin.com. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
- ^ "Marky Ramone: 'Phil Spector didn't hold a gun to us'". NME. 2 December 2008.
- ^ a b "Ramones Autodiscography". Trouser Press, 06-1982.
- ^ a b c McNeil & McCain 2006, p. 336.
- ^ a b c Leigh 2009, p. 201.
- ^ a b True 2005, p. 146.
- ^ Ramone 2010, ch. 10.
- ^ Unterberger, p. 247.
- ^ McNeil & McCain 2006, p. 214.
- ^ True 2005, p. 138.
- ^ Schinder & Schwartz 2008, p. 552.
- ^ a b c Christgau, Robert (March 31, 1980). "Christgau's Consumer Guide". The Village Voice. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
- ^ a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "End of the Century – Ramones". AllMusic. Retrieved February 9, 2014.
- ^ Minsker, Evan (October 23, 2016). "Ramones: End of the Century". Pitchfork. Retrieved October 23, 2016.
- ^ "Ramones: End of the Century". Q. No. 195. October 2002. p. 132.
- ^ Soave, Daniela (5 January 1980). "Ramones: End Of The Century". Record Mirror. p. 15.
- ^ Wolk, Douglas (2004). "The Ramones". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. pp. 675–76. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
- ^ Starr, Red (January 24 – February 6, 1980). "Albums". Smash Hits. Vol. 2, no. 2. p. 21.
- ^ Sheffield, Rob (1995). "Ramones". In Weisbard, Eric; Marks, Craig (eds.). Spin Alternative Record Guide. Vintage Books. pp. 320–22. ISBN 978-0-679-75574-6.
- ^ "Ramones: End of the Century". Uncut. No. 65. October 2002. p. 112.
- ^ Chinese Rock. AllMusic. URL accessed March 13, 2006.
- ^ Rolling Stone Review
- ^ a b Williams 2003, p. 182.
- ^ "The Ramones US albums chart history". allmusic.com. Retrieved 2010-12-23.
- ^ a b c "The Official Charts Company – The Ramones". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 2008-12-22.
- ^ "swedishcharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century". Hung Medien. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
- ^ "norwegiancharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century". Hung Medien. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
- ^ "charts.nz – Ramones – End of the Century". Hung Medien. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
- ^ "dutchcharts.nl – Ramones – End of the Century" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
- ^ Flick, Larry (2001-12-29). "Teen Pop". Billboard. 113 (52): 22–24.
- ^ "ultratop.be – Ramones". © 2006–2013 ULTRATOP & Hung Medien / hitparade.ch. Retrieved 2013-02-13.
- ^ a b c d e f Bessman 1993, p. 114.
- ^ a b True 2005, p. 144.
- ^ Kretsch, Ron (November 21, 2017). "'Chinese Rocks': Members of MC5, Blondie, and Replacements pay tribute to the Heartbreakers". dangerousminds.net. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- ^ Kessel, David (September 6, 2016). "Cave Hollywood's David Kessel shares this about The Ramones". Cave Hollywood. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- ^ a b Hernandez, Raoul (September 6, 2002). "Too Tough To Die Ramones Reissues Part II: Johnny & Dee Dee". The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- ^ a b Leigh 2009, p. 204.
- ^ Kubernik 2002, p. 18
- ^ Wurster, Jon (2022). "HEY! HO! LET'S GO talk about Ramones with Jon and Ed". recordstoreday.com. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- ^ Kubernik, Harvey (August 19, 2019). "The Ramones: New Deluxe It's Alive Out In September". Cave Hollywood. Retrieved May 17, 2022.
- ^ Ramone & Herschlag 2015, p. 202.
- ^ Kubernik 2002, p. 8
- ^ Kubernik 2002, p. 4
- ^ Kubernik 2002, p. 13
- ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
- ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 0149a". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Ramones – End of the Century" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ Pennanen, Timo (2006). Sisältää hitin – levyt ja esittäjät Suomen musiikkilistoilla vuodesta 1972 (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Helsinki: Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava. ISBN 978-951-1-21053-5.
- ^ "Classifiche". Musica e Dischi (in Italian). Retrieved 28 June 2023. Set "Tipo" on "Album". Then, in the "Artista" field, search "Ramones".
- ^ "Charts.nz – Ramones – End of the Century". Hung Medien. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century". Hung Medien. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Ramones – End of the Century". Hung Medien. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "Ramones Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
- ^ "Disco de Oro y Platino – Ramones" (in Spanish). Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
Notes
- Kubernik, Harvey (2002). End of the Century (Expanded Edition) (booklet). Ramones.
- McNeil, Legs; McCain, Gillian (2006). Please Kill Me: The Uncensored Oral History of Punk. Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-4264-1.
- Leigh, Mickey (2009). I Slept with Joey Ramone: A Family Memoir. Touchstone Books. ISBN 978-0-7432-5216-4.
- Porter, Dick (2004). Ramones: The Complete Twisted History. Plexus Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85965-326-8.
- Ramone, Dee Dee; Kofman, Veronica (2000). Lobotomy: Surviving the Ramones (2nd ed.). New York City: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 978-1-56025-252-8.
- Ramone, Johnny (2012). Commando: The Autobiography of Johnny Ramone. Abrams Books. ISBN 978-1-61312-181-8.
- Schinder, Scott; Schwartz, Andy (2007). Icons of Rock: An Encyclopedia of the Legends Who Changed Music Forever. Vol. 2. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33847-2.
- True, Everett (2005). Hey Ho Let's Go: The Story of the Ramones. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-84449-413-2.
- Unterberger, Richie (2009). White Light/White Heat: The Velvet Underground Day by Day. Jawbone Press. ISBN 978-1-906002-22-0.
- Williams, Richard (2003). Phil Spector: Out Of His Head. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-9864-3.
- Bessman, Jim (1993). The Ramones: An American Band. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-09369-1.
- Ramone, Marky; Herschlag, Richard (2015). Punk Rock Blitzkrieg: My Life As a Ramone. Atria Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1451687781.
