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Panchaia (also Panchaea /ˌpæŋˈkeɪə/ Greek: Παγχαία) is an island, first mentioned by ancient Greek philosopher Euhemerus in the late 4th century BC. Euhemerus describes this place as home to a utopian society made up of a number of different ethnic tribes having a collective economy and his trip there in his major work Sacred History, only fragments of which survive.

Fragments preserved by followers such as the later Greek historian Diodorus Siculus and 4th century AD Christian writer Eusebius of Caesarea describe Panchaia as a rational island paradise located in the Indian Ocean. Euhemerus went there by traveling through the Red Sea and around the Arabian Peninsula; in the island's temple of Zeus Triphylius he discovered a register of the births and deaths of the gods, proving they were merely historical figures. The island is also mentioned by Lygdamus (Tib. 3.2.23), one of the Tibullan elegists, as a rich place from which he will hope for gifts to his grave.^[1] Virgil called the Island "incense bearing, rich with sands" ("totaque turiferis Panchaia pinguis harenis" Georgics 2.139).

Several islands may be probable locations, including Socotra or Bahrain.

References

^ Lygdamus. "Lygdami Elegiae". The Latin Library. Retrieved 27 May 2016.

Bibliography

Brown, Truesdell S. (1946). "Euhemerus and the Historians". Harvard Theological Review. 39 (4): 259–274. doi:10.1017/S0017816000023245.
Pinheiro, Marilia P. Futre (2006). "Utopia and Utopias: a Study on a Literary Genre in Antiquity" (PDF). Authors, Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel. Groningen: Barkhuis. pp. 147–171. ISBN 907792213X.
Winiarczyk, Marek (2013). "The sources of the socio-economic description". The "Sacred History" of Euhemerus of Messene. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. p. 85. ISBN 978-3-11-027888-0.

[1] Lygdamus. "Lygdami Elegiae". The Latin Library. Retrieved 27 May 2016.

[1]

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+{{short description|Fictional island}}
-'''Panchaea''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: {{lang|grc|Παγχαΐα}}) is an [[island]], first mentioned by [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] philosopher [[Euhemerus]] in the late 4th century BC. Euhemerus describes this place as home to a society made up of a number of different ethnic tribes and his trip there in his major work ''Sacred History'', only fragments of which survive.
+'''Panchaia''' (also '''Panchaea''' <!---Panchaea is an incorrect transliteration---> {{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|æ|ŋ|ˈ|k|eɪ|ə}} [[Greek language|Greek]]: {{lang|grc|Παγχαία}}) is an [[island]], first mentioned by [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] philosopher [[Euhemerus]] in the late 4th century BC. Euhemerus describes this place as home to a [[utopia]]n society made up of a number of different ethnic tribes having a collective economy and his trip there in his major work ''[[Sacred History]]'', only fragments of which survive.
-Fragments preserved by followers such as the later Greek historian [[Diodorus Siculus]] and 4th century AD Christian writer [[Eusebius of Caesarea]] describe Panchaea as a rational island paradise located in the [[Indian Ocean]]. Euhemerus came there by traveling through the [[Red Sea]] and around the [[Arabian Peninsula]]; in the island's temple of Zeus Triphylius he discovered a register of the births and deaths of the gods, proving they were merely historical figures. The island is also mentioned by Lygdamus (Tib. 3.2.23), one of the Tibullan elegists, as a rich place from which he'll hope for gifts to his grave.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Lygdamus|title=Lygdami Elegiae|url=http://thelatinlibrary.com/tibullus3.html|website=The Latin Library|accessdate=27 May 2016|ref=Tib. 3.2.23}}</ref>
+Fragments preserved by followers such as the later Greek historian [[Diodorus Siculus]] and 4th century AD Christian writer [[Eusebius of Caesarea]] describe Panchaia as a [[Technocracy|rational island paradise]] located in the [[Indian Ocean]]. Euhemerus went there by traveling through the [[Red Sea]] and around the [[Arabian Peninsula]]; in the island's temple of Zeus Triphylius he discovered a register of the births and deaths of the gods, proving they were merely historical figures. The island is also mentioned by [[Lygdamus]] (Tib. 3.2.23), one of the [[Tibullus|Tibullan]] elegists, as a rich place from which he will hope for gifts to his grave.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lygdamus|title=Lygdami Elegiae|url=http://thelatinlibrary.com/tibullus3.html|website=The Latin Library|access-date=27 May 2016|ref=Tib. 3.2.23}}</ref> Virgil called the Island "incense bearing, rich with sands" ("totaque turiferis Panchaia pinguis harenis" ''Georgics'' 2.139).
-Several islands may be probable locations, including [[Socotra]] or [[Bahrain]]. The place may resemble the [[Failaka Island]], although it is unlikely Panchaea was a real place, but rather a literary device invented by the author. In many parts its description is similar to [[Plato]]'s [[Atlantis]].
+Several islands may be probable locations, including [[Socotra]] or [[Bahrain]].
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+== Bibliography ==
 *{{cite journal |last=Brown |first=Truesdell S. |year=1946 |title=Euhemerus and the Historians |journal=Harvard Theological Review |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=259–274 |doi=10.1017/S0017816000023245 }}
-*{{cite book |last=Pinheiro |first=Marilia P. Futre |chapter=Utopia and Utopias: a Study on a Literary Genre in Antiquity |pages=147–171 |title=Authors, Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel |location=Groningen |publisher=Barkhuis |year=2006 |chapterurl=http://www.freewebs.com/mfutrepinheiro/utopia_e_utopias.pdf |isbn=907792213X }}
+*{{cite book |last=Pinheiro |first=Marilia P. Futre |chapter=Utopia and Utopias: a Study on a Literary Genre in Antiquity |pages=147–171 |title=Authors, Authority and Interpreters in the Ancient Novel |location=Groningen |publisher=Barkhuis |year=2006 |chapter-url=http://www.freewebs.com/mfutrepinheiro/utopia_e_utopias.pdf |isbn=907792213X }}
+*{{cite book |last=Winiarczyk|first=Marek |chapter=The sources of the socio-economic description|page=85|title=The "Sacred History" of Euhemerus of Messene|location=Berlin/Boston |publisher=De Gruyter |year=2013 |isbn=978-3-11-027888-0 }}
 {{Greek religion}}